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Shi JY, Gu KH, Yang SM, Wei WH, Dai X. Effects of 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) on animals: state of knowledge and open questions. THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2024; 111:45. [PMID: 39141101 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-024-01930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) is a secondary plant metabolite predominantly found in monocotyledonous plants, especially Gramineae. In damaged tissue, 2-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA-Glc) is hydrolyzed to DIMBOA, which spontaneously decomposes into 6-MBOA. It is commonly detected in plants consumed by voles and livestock and can also be present in cereal-based products. Discovered in 1955, this compound is renowned for its ability to trigger animal reproduction. However, there is a lack of research on its functional and mechanistic properties, leaving much of their potential unexplored. This review aimed to comprehensively summarize the effects of 6-MBOA on animal reproduction and human health, as well as its defensive role against herbivores. Studies have shown that 6-MBOA effectively inhibits the digestion, development, growth, and reproduction of insects. 6-MBOA may act as a partial agonist of melatonin and exert a regulatory role in mammalian reproduction, resulting in either promoting or inhibiting effects. 6-MBOA has been theorized to possess anti-tumor, anti-AIDS, anti-anxiety, and weight-loss effects in humans. However, insufficient attention has been paid to its defense properties against mammalian herbivores, and the mechanisms underlying its effects on mammalian reproduction remain unclear. In addition, research on its impact on human health is still in its preliminary stages. The review emphasizes the need for further systematic and comprehensive research on 6-MBOA to fully understand its diverse functions. Elucidating the effects of 6-MBOA on animal reproduction, adaptation, and human health would advance our understanding of plant-herbivore coevolution and the influence of environmental factors on animal population dynamics. Furthermore, this knowledge could potentially promote its application in human health and animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Shi
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ke-Han Gu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Sheng-Mei Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wan-Hong Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xin Dai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Dai X, Chen L, Liu M, Liu Y, Jiang S, Xu T, Wang A, Yang S, Wei W. Effect of 6-Methoxybenzoxazolinone on the Cecal Microbiota of Adult Male Brandt's Vole. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:847073. [PMID: 35422782 PMCID: PMC9002351 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.847073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-microbial effects of plant secondary metabolite (PSM) 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) have been overlooked. This study investigated the effect of 6-MBOA on the cecal microbiota of adult male Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii), to evaluate its effect on the physiology of mammalian herbivores. The growth of voles was inhibited by 6-MBOA. A low dose of 6-MBOA enhanced the observed species, as well as the Chao1 and abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) indices and introduced changes in the structure of cecal microbiota. The abundance of the phylum Tenericutes, classes Mollicutes and Negativicutes, order Selenomonadales, families Ruminococcaceae and Veillonellaceae, genera Quinella, Caproiciproducens, Anaerofilum, Harryflintia, and unidentified Spirochaetaceae in the cecal microbiota was enhanced upon administration of a low dose of 6-MBOA, which also inhibited glucose metabolism and protein digestion and absorption in the cecal microbiota. 6-MBOA treatment also stimulated butyrate production and dose-dependently enhanced the metabolism of xenobiotics in the cecal microbiome. Our findings indicate that 6-MBOA can affect Brandt’s voles by inducing changes in the abundance of cecal bacteria, thereby, altering the contents of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and pathway intermediates, ultimately inhibiting the growth of voles. Our research suggests that 6-MBOA could potentially act as a digestion-inhibiting PSM in the interaction between mammalian herbivores and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengyue Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shengmei Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wanhong Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Dai X, Shi J, Han M, Wang AQ, Wei WH, Yang SM. Effect of photoperiod and 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) on the reproduction of male Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 246:1-8. [PMID: 28279674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolite 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) has been suggested to stimulate animal reproduction. 6-MBOA is detected in Leymus chinensis, a main diet of Brandt's vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii). We have previously reported a stimulatory effect of 6-MBOA on reproduction of male Brandt's voles under a short-day photoperiod. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of 6-MBOA on reproductive physiology of male Brandt's voles under a long-day photoperiod and examine if 6-MBOA under this photoperiodic regime altered the reproductive status of male Brandt's voles differently than the short-day photoperiod. Under the long-day photoperiod, a high dose of 6-MBOA decreased KiSS-1 mRNA in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), and we also saw a decrease in circulating levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T). Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and cytochrome P45011a1 (CYP11a1) in the testes, and relative testis weight also decreased with 6-MBOA administration. Compared to the short-day photoperiod, animals under the long-day photoperiod exhibited increased body weight as well as all other reproductive parameters. Our results showed that 6-MBOA inhibited the reproduction of male Brandt's vole under a long-day photoperiod, a stark contrast from its stimulatory effects under a short-day photoperiod. The paradoxical effects of 6-MBOA suggest it may act as a partial agonist of melatonin. These results provide insight into the complex interactions between environmental factors such as photoperiod and diet in the control of Brandt's vole reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jia Shi
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Mei Han
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Ai Qin Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Wan Hong Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Sheng Mei Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Moshkin MP, Gerlinskaya LA. Energetic metabolism, stress, and immunity—development of population physiology. BIOL BULL+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359016110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Dai X, Jiang LY, Han M, Ye MH, Wang AQ, Wei WH, Yang SM. Reproductive responses of male Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) to 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) under short photoperiod. Naturwissenschaften 2016; 103:29. [PMID: 26940061 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-016-1347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The plant secondary metabolite 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) can stimulate and enhance animal reproduction. This compound has been successfully detected in Leymus chinensis, which is the main diet of Brandt's voles. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different 6-MBOA doses on the reproductive physiology of male Brandt's voles under a short photoperiod. The results showed that 6-MBOA administration increased relative testis weight, regardless of the dose, but it had little effect on the body mass. Low and middle doses of 6-MBOA increased the concentrations of luteinizing hormone and testosterone in the serum and the mRNA levels of StAR and CYP11a1 in the testes. However, 6-MBOA did not cause any significant increase in the mRNA levels of KiSS-1, GPR54, and GnRH compared to those in the control group. The mRNA level of KiSS-1 in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) was higher than that in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV). Collectively, our results demonstrated that the number of KiSS-1-expressing neurons located in the ARC was the highest, and that 6-MBOA, which might modulate the reproductive activity along the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, had a dose-dependent stimulatory effect on the reproductive activity of Brandt's voles under a short photoperiod. Our study provided insights into the mechanism of 6-MBOA action and the factors influencing the onset of reproduction in Brandt's voles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Yu Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Han
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Hong Ye
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Qin Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Hong Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Mei Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Manoukian P, Melliou E, Liouni M, Magiatis P. Identification and quantitation of benzoxazinoids in wheat malt beer by qNMR and GC–MS. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Szendrő Z, Gerencsér Z, McNitt J, Matics Z. Effect of lighting on rabbits and its role in rabbit production: A review. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Damgaard D, Jensen BM, Palarasah Y, Nielsen MFB, Adhikari KB, Schnoor HJ, Juel-Berg N, Poulsen LK, Fomsgaard IS, Nielsen CH. Dietary exposure to benzoxazinoids enhances bacteria-induced monokine responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2190-8. [PMID: 26255794 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE To examine potentially immunomodulating effects of dietary benzoxazinoids (BXs), present in cereal grains. METHODS AND RESULTS Nineteen healthy volunteers were randomly distributed into two groups, who received diets with high or low content of BXs for 3 wk. After a week's wash-out, the groups switched diets. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or tetanus toxoid (TT). PBMCs from a healthy donor received the same stimuli in presence of serum from each participant receiving BXs. The production of monokines, T-cell cytokines and T-helper cell proliferation were assessed. A 3-wk diet with high BX content enhanced IL-1β responses against LPS and P. gingivalis, as well as TNF-α response against P. gingivalis, after 24 h of stimulation. Moreover, IL-6 was found to be increased after 7 days of stimulation with LPS. No effect was observed on T-cell cytokines or proliferation. BX levels in serum after a single meal did not modify cytokine responses. CONCLUSION High dietary intake of BXs enhances bacteria-induced production of pro-inflammatory monokines by PBMCs, but not T-cell responses; presumably due to intrinsic changes within PBMCs, built up over 3 wk of BX-rich diet, rather than to an immediate effects of BXs contained in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dres Damgaard
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Medicine and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section for Periodontology, Microbiology and Community Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Medicine and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Thrombosis Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael Friberg Bruun Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Medicine and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Nanna Juel-Berg
- Allergy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Lars K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - Claus Henrik Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Medicine and Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section for Periodontology, Microbiology and Community Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kalman DS, Feldman S, Vazquez RR, Krieger DR. A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study Evaluating UP165 and S-Adenosyl-l-Methionine on Depression, Anxiety and Psychological Well-Being. Foods 2015; 4:130-139. [PMID: 28231193 PMCID: PMC5302331 DOI: 10.3390/foods4020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this pilot clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of UP165 (derived from Zea mays L., commonly known as corn) over time. The secondary objective was the comparison for outcomes versusS-adenosyl-methionine (SAM-e). Subjects with mild depression or anxiety were given the Beck Depression Inventory second edition (BDI-II), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Schwartz Outcome Scale (SOS-10). Forty-two subjects (21–65 years old) were randomized to eight-weeks of supplementation with UP165 or SAM-e with questionnaires being administered at randomization, week four and eight. Those receiving UP165 achieved significant reduction from baseline at weeks four and eight, respectively for the BDI-II, as well as a trend for reduction in BAI at week four and significance at week eight. There was a trend for improvement on the SOS at week four and significance at week eight. SAM-e demonstrated a trend for improvement on the BDI-II by week eight over the UP165 with no differences between the two for the BAI or the SOS. Overall, this study indicates that there may be benefit to UP165 for mood enhancement in those with mild depression or anxiety. Randomized placebo comparator trials appear warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Kalman
- Miami Research Associates, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, 6141 Sunset Drive, Suite 301, Miami, FL 33143, USA.
| | - Samantha Feldman
- Miami Research Associates, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, 6141 Sunset Drive, Suite 301, Miami, FL 33143, USA.
| | - Rafeal Rivas Vazquez
- Miami Research Associates, Neurosciences Department, 6141 Sunset Drive, Suite 301, Miami, FL 33143, USA.
| | - Diane R Krieger
- Miami Research Associates, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, 6141 Sunset Drive, Suite 301, Miami, FL 33143, USA.
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Adhikari KB, Tanwir F, Gregersen PL, Steffensen SK, Jensen BM, Poulsen LK, Nielsen CH, Høyer S, Borre M, Fomsgaard IS. Benzoxazinoids: Cereal phytochemicals with putative therapeutic and health-protecting properties. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1324-38. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fariha Tanwir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Aarhus University; Slagelse Denmark
| | - Per L. Gregersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Aarhus University; Slagelse Denmark
| | | | | | - Lars K. Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic; Copenhagen University Hospital; Gentofte Denmark
| | - Claus H. Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Medicine and Rheumatology; University of Copenhagen; Rigshospitalet Denmark
| | - Søren Høyer
- Department of Pathology; Aarhus University Hospital; Skejby Denmark
| | - Michael Borre
- Department of Urology; Aarhus University Hospital; Aarhus Denmark
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Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) are not susceptible to stimulating effects of 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone on reproductive organs. THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2014; 101:115-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-013-1138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Edmonds KE. Melatonin, But not Auxin, Affects Postnatal Reproductive Development in the Marsh Rice Rat (Oryzomys palustris). Zoolog Sci 2013; 30:439-45. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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