1
|
de Amaral M, Von Dentz MC, David SM, Kucharski LC. Gluconeogenesis in frogs during cooling and dehydration exposure: new insights into tissue plasticity of the gluconeogenic pathway dependent on abiotic factors. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb247259. [PMID: 38774939 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Anurans undergo significant physiological changes when exposed to environmental stressors such as low temperatures and humidity. Energy metabolism and substrate management play a crucial role in their survival success. Therefore, understanding the role of the gluconeogenic pathway and demonstrating its existence in amphibians is essential. In this study, we exposed the subtropical frog Boana pulchella to cooling (-2.5°C for 24 h) and dehydration conditions (40% of body water loss), followed by recovery (24 h), and assessed gluconeogenesis activity from alanine, lactate, glycerol and glutamine in the liver, muscle and kidney. We report for the first time that gluconeogenesis activity by 14C-alanine and 14C-lactate conversion to glucose occurs in the muscle tissue of frogs, and this tissue activity is influenced by environmental conditions. Against the control group, liver gluconeogenesis from 14C-lactate and 14C-glycerol was lower during cooling and recovery (P<0.01), and gluconeogenesis from 14C-glutamine in the kidneys was also lower during cooling (P<0.05). In dehydration exposure, gluconeogenesis from 14C-lactate in the liver was lower during recovery, and that from 14C-alanine in the muscle was lower during dehydration (P<0.05). Moreover, we observed that gluconeogenesis activity and substrate preference respond differently to cold and dehydration. These findings highlight tissue-specific plasticity dependent on the nature of the encountered stressor, offering valuable insights for future studies exploring this plasticity, elucidating the importance of the gluconeogenic pathway and characterizing it in anuran physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjoriane de Amaral
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street, 90035003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maiza Cristina Von Dentz
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street, 90035003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Suyllieme Machado David
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street, 90035003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kucharski
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street, 90035003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Niu Y, Chen Q, Storey KB, Teng L, Li X, Xu T, Zhang H. Physiological ecology of winter hibernation by the high-altitude frog, Nanorana parkeri. Physiol Biochem Zool 2022; 95:201-211. [DOI: 10.1086/718764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
3
|
Seasonal variations in the intermediate metabolism in South American tree-frog Boana pulchella. J Comp Physiol B 2021; 192:297-311. [PMID: 34799758 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal metabolic changes can be observed in many anurans' species. In subtropical environments with environmental temperatures variations, the temperature is a factor that can influence the extent and intensity of activity in many anuran species. Nonetheless, some species of subtropical frogs may remain active throughout the year. Boana pulchella, a subtropical species, seems to be able to survive low temperatures and remain reproductively active even in the coldest months. Therefore, we hypothesized that B. pulchella presents seasonal changes in the energy metabolism to sustain activity during all year. This study evaluated the main energy substrate levels and metabolism of B. pulchella in plasma, liver and muscle of male individuals collected in winter, spring, summer and fall in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Our results showed that B. pulchella has a higher glycolytic oxidation rate in liver (P = 0.0152) and muscle (P = 0.0003) and higher glycogenesis from glucose in muscle (P = 0.0002) in summer, indicating the main energy substrates in this season is glucose. The higher muscle glycogen (P = 0.0008) and lower plasma glucose in fall (P = 0.0134) may indicate an anticipatory regulation for storing to the most thermally demanding cold period: winter. These results indicated seasonal differences in the main energy substrates, and these metabolic changes among seasons can be part of a metabolic adjustment allowing maintenance of reproductive activity all year in Boana pulchella species.
Collapse
|
4
|
Carvalho‐Rocha V, Peres CA, Neckel‐Oliveira S. Habitat amount and ambient temperature dictate patterns of anuran diversity along a subtropical elevational gradient. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Carvalho‐Rocha
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 1TJ UK
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Selvino Neckel‐Oliveira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ceron K, Santana DJ, Lucas EM, Zocche JJ, Provete DB. Climatic variables influence the temporal dynamics of an anuran metacommunity in a nonstationary way. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:4630-4639. [PMID: 32551048 PMCID: PMC7297772 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the temporal dynamics of communities is crucial to predict how communities respond to climate change. Several factors can promote variation in phenology among species, including tracking of seasonal resources, adaptive responses to other species, demographic stochasticity, and physiological constraints. The activities of ectothermic vertebrates are sensitive to climatic variations due to the effect of temperature and humidity on species physiology. However, most studies on temporal dynamics have analyzed multi-year data and do not have resolution to discriminate within-year patterns that can determine community assembly cycles. Here, we tested the temporal stability and synchrony of calling activity and also how climatic variables influence anuran species composition throughout the year in a metacommunity in the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. Using a multivariate method, we described how the relationship between species composition and climatic variables changes through time. The metacommunity showed a weak synchronous spatial pattern, meaning that species responded independently to environmental variation. Interestingly, species composition exhibited a nonstationary response to climate, suggesting that climate affects species composition differently depending on the season. The species-climate relationship was stronger during the spring, summer, and winter, mainly influenced by temperature, rainfall, and humidity. Thus, temporal community dynamics seem to be mediated by species life-history traits, in which independent fluctuations promote community stability in temporally varying environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Ceron
- Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil
| | - Diego J. Santana
- Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil
| | - Elaine M. Lucas
- Departamento de Zootecnia e Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPalmeira das MissõesBrazil
| | - Jairo José Zocche
- Pós‐Graduação em Ciências AmbientaisUniversidade do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúmaBrazil
| | - Diogo B. Provete
- Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreGöteborgSweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niu Y, Cao W, Storey KB, He J, Wang J, Zhang T, Tang X, Chen Q. Metabolic characteristics of overwintering by the high-altitude dwelling Xizang plateau frog, Nanorana parkeri. J Comp Physiol B 2020; 190:433-444. [PMID: 32274534 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Xizang plateau frog, Nanorana parkeri, has the highest altitudinal distribution of all frogs in the world and survives the cold of winter without feeding by entering into a hibernating state. However, little attention has been paid to its physiological and biochemical characteristics that support overwintering underwater in small ponds. Here, we measured metabolic rate and heart rate, and collected liver and muscle samples from N. parkeri in summer and winter for analysis of mitochondrial respiration rate, and activities and relative mRNA transcript expression of metabolic enzymes. Compared with summer-collected frogs, both resting metabolic rate and heart rate were significantly reduced in winter-collected frogs. Both state 3 and state 4 respiration of liver mitochondria were also significantly reduced in winter but muscle mitochondria showed a decline only in state 3 respiration in winter. The activities and corresponding mRNA expression of cytochrome c oxidase showed a marked decline in winter, whereas the activities and corresponding mRNA expression of lactate dehydrogenase increased in winter-collected frogs, compared to summer. The thermal sensitivity (Q10 values) for state 3 respiration rate by liver mitochondria, and activities of lactate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome c oxidase all increased in winter-collected frogs, compared with summer frogs, suggesting that overwintering frogs were more sensitive to changes in external temperature. Enzyme changes mainly result from lower overall quantities of these enzymes as well as post-translational modifications. We conclude that overwintering N. parkeri exhibit a seasonal, temperature-independent suppression of metabolism that is mediated at multiple levels: physiological, mitochondrial, gene expression and enzyme activity levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Wangjie Cao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jie He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jinzhou Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brenes-Soto A, Dierenfeld ES, Muñoz-Saravia A, Janssens GPJ. No longer a leap in the dark: the importance of protein as an energy source in amphibians. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen S. Dierenfeld
- E. S. Dierenfeld (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-0740), LLC, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Geert P. J. Janssens
- G. P. J. Janssens (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-3657), Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent Univ., Heidestraat 19, BE-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. ABS also at: Animal Science Dept, Univ. of Costa Rica, Ciudad Universi
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Amphibians are known to possess a wide variety of compounds stored in their skin glands. While significant progress has been made in understanding the chemical diversity and biological relevance of alkaloids, amines, steroids, and peptides, most aspects of the odorous secretions are completely unknown. In this study, we examined sexual variations in the volatile profile from the skin of the tree frog Boana prasina and combined culture and culture-independent methods to investigate if microorganisms might be a source of these compounds. We found that sesquiterpenes, thioethers, and methoxypyrazines are major contributors to the observed sex differences. We also observed that each sex has a distinct profile of methoxypyrazines, and that the chemical origin of these compounds can be traced to a Pseudomonas sp. strain isolated from the frog's skin. This symbiotic bacterium was present in almost all individuals examined from different sites and was maintained in captive conditions, supporting its significance as the source of methoxypyrazines in these frogs. Our results highlight the potential relevance of bacteria as a source of chemical signals in amphibians and contribute to increasing our understanding of the role that symbiotic associations have in animals.
Collapse
|
9
|
Costa HC, Santana DJ. The dangers of inadequate literature search to nomenclatural stability: the case of the nomina Hyla quoyi Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 and Hyla prasina Burmeister, 1856 (Amphibia: Anura). ZOOSYSTEMA 2018. [DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2018v40a22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique C. Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, 31270-90, MG (Brazil)
| | - Diego J. Santana
- Laboratório de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS (Brazil)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bars-Closel M, Camacho A, Kohlsdorf T. Shifts in space and time: ecological transitions affect the evolution of resting metabolic rates in microteiid lizards. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.175661. [PMID: 29880636 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.175661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Ecological diversification often encompasses exposure to new thermal regimes given by the use of specific spatial (microhabitat) and temporal (activity periods) niches. Empirical evidence provides links between temperature and physiology (e.g. rates of oxygen consumption), fostering predictions of evolutionary changes in metabolic rates coupled with ecological shifts. One example of such correspondence is the evolution of fossoriality and nocturnality in vertebrate ectotherms, where changes in metabolic rates coupled with niche transitions are expected. Because most studies address single transitions (fossoriality or nocturnality), metabolic changes associated with concomitant shifts in spatial and temporal components of habitat usage are underestimated, and it remains unclear which transition plays a major role for metabolic evolution. Integrating multiple ecological aspects that affect the evolution of thermosensitive traits is essential for a proper understanding of physiological correlates in niche transitions. Here, we provide the first phylogenetic multidimensional description of effects from ecological niche transitions both in space (origin of fossorial lineages) and in time (origin of nocturnal lineages) on the evolution of microteiid lizard (Gymnophthalmidae) metabolic rates. We found that evolution of resting metabolic rates was affected by both niche transitions, but with opposite trends. Evolution of fossoriality in endemic diurnal microteiids is coupled with a less thermally sensitive metabolism and higher metabolic rates. In contrast, a reduction in metabolic rates was detected in the endemic fossorial-nocturnal lineage, although metabolic thermal sensitivity remained as high as that observed in epigeal species, a pattern that likely reduces locomotion costs at lower temperatures and also favors thermoregulation in subsuperficial sand layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bars-Closel
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Agustín Camacho
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiana Kohlsdorf
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Combined effects of physiological condition and environmental attributes in determining call plasticity. Behav Processes 2018; 153:25-30. [PMID: 29747043 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is growing on the ability of anurans to make immediate call adjustments in response to the propagation properties of the environment. However, our understanding of such flexibility is typically based on dichotomous stimuli (i.e. presence/absence), while its condition-dependence has been little explored. We experimentally studied the ability of adjustment and its condition dependence of advertisement calls of Hypsiboas pulchellus in response to different levels of attenuation. Individuals modified most call parameters analyzed, although the direction of adjustments was contingent on individual identity, level of attenuation and trait category (i.e. spectral or temporal). Under low attenuation conditions males lengthened some call elements, partially supporting the hypothesis of plasticity oriented towards maintaining signal transmission, but this trend was not present in the high attenuation treatment. Also, under both attenuation treatments males gave higher frequency notes, as expected from an energy-saving response to changes in social environment or reducing attractiveness due to risk perception. Across treatments individuals in better condition tended to exhibit higher plasticity. These results indicate that call structure could depend on the integration of different cues such as habitat propagation characteristics, acoustic competition for females, and predation risk, while the ability to behave flexibly depends on current body reserves.
Collapse
|
12
|
Moretti EH, Titon B, Madelaire CB, de Arruda R, Alvarez T, Gomes FR. Behavioral, physiological and morphological correlates of parasite intensity in the wild Cururu toad ( Rhinella icterica). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2017; 6:146-154. [PMID: 28725553 PMCID: PMC5502792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Large numbers of parasites are found in various organs of anuran amphibians, with parasite intensities thought to modulate the host's Darwinian fitness traits. Interaction between the anuran hosts and their multiple parasites should modulate the host's phenotypic characteristic, such as those associated with high energetic demand (such as calling effort and locomotor performance), energy balance (standard metabolic rate), and morphological plasticity (as indicated by organ masses). The present study investigated the impact of parasite intensities on the behavioral, physiological, and morphological traits of wild adult male Rhinella icterica (Anura: Bufonidae). We tested as to whether individuals with higher parasite intensities would present: 1) lower vocal calling effort in the field, as well as poorer locomotor performance and body-condition index; and 2) higher standard metabolic rates and internal organ masses. Measurements included: calling effort in the field; standard metabolic rate; locomotor performance; parasite intensity; internal organ masses (heart, liver, kidneys, intestines, stomach, lungs, hind limb muscle, and spleen); and the body-condition index. Results showed a negative association of parasite intensities with locomotor performance, and standard metabolic rate of R. icterica. A positive association between parasite intensities and relative organ masses (heart, intestines and kidneys) was also evident. Toads with higher pulmonary and intestinal parasites intensities also showed higher total parasite intensities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Hermógenes Moretti
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Braz Titon
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Bonetti Madelaire
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Arruda
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Alvarez
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ribeiro Gomes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Titon SCM, de Assis VR, Titon B, Barsotti AMG, Flanagan SP, Gomes FR. Calling rate, corticosterone plasma levels and immunocompetence of Hypsiboas albopunctatus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 201:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
14
|
Peña-Villalobos I, Narváez C, Sabat P. Metabolic cost of osmoregulation in a hypertonic environment in the invasive African clawed frog Xenopus laevis. Biol Open 2016; 5:955-61. [PMID: 27334694 PMCID: PMC4958268 DOI: 10.1242/bio.016543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of aquatic invertebrates reveal that salinity affects feeding and growth rates, reproduction, survival, and diversity. Little is known, however, about how salinity impacts the energy budget of vertebrates and amphibians in particular. The few studies focused on this topic in vertebrates suggest that the ingestion of salts and the resulting osmoregulatory activity is energetically expensive. We analyzed the effect of saline acclimation on standard metabolic rates (SMR) and the activities of metabolic enzymes of internal organs and osmoregulatory variables (plasma osmolality and urea plasma level) in females of Xenopus laevis by means of acclimating individuals to an isosmotic (235 mOsm NaCl; ISO group) and hyper-osmotic (340 mOsm NaCl; HYP group) environment for 40 days. After acclimation, we found that total and mass-specific SMR was approximately 80% higher in the HYP group than those found in the ISO group. These changes were accompanied by higher citrate synthase activities in liver and heart in the HYP group than in the ISO group. Furthermore, we found a significant and positive correlation between metabolic rates and plasma urea, and citrate synthase activity in liver and heart. These results support the notion that the cost of osmoregulation is probably common in most animal species and suggest the existence of a functional association between metabolic rates and the adjustments in osmoregulatory physiology, such as blood distribution and urea synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Peña-Villalobos
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Cristóbal Narváez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Pablo Sabat
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Delgado DB, Haddad CF. Calling Activity and Vocal Repertoire ofHypsiboas prasinus(Anura, Hylidae), a Treefrog from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. HERPETOLOGICA 2015. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-13-00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
Bee MA, Schwartz JJ, Summers K. All's well that begins Wells: celebrating 60 years of Animal Behaviour and 36 years of research on anuran social behaviour. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
18
|
de Assis VR, Navas CA, Mendonça MT, Gomes FR. Vocal and territorial behavior in the Smith frog (Hypsiboas faber): Relationships with plasma levels of corticosterone and testosterone. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2012; 163:265-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
19
|
Madelaire CB, Gomes FR, da Silva RJ. Helminth Parasites of Hypsiboas prasinus (Anura: Hylidae) from Two Atlantic Forest Fragments, São Paulo State, Brazil. J Parasitol 2012; 98:560-4. [DOI: 10.1645/jp-ge-2665.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
20
|
Ziegler L, Arim M, Narins PM. Linking amphibian call structure to the environment: the interplay between phenotypic flexibility and individual attributes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 22:520-526. [PMID: 22479134 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arr011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the environment surrounding signal emission produces different patterns of degradation and attenuation. The expected adjustment of calls to ensure signal transmission in an environment was formalized in the acoustic adaptation hypothesis. Within this framework, most studies considered anuran calls as fixed attributes determined by local adaptations. However, variability in vocalizations as a product of phenotypic expression has also been reported. Empirical evidence supporting the association between environment and call structure has been inconsistent, particularly in anurans. Here, we identify a plausible causal structure connecting environment, individual attributes, and temporal and spectral adjustments as direct or indirect determinants of the observed variation in call attributes of the frog Hypsiboas pulchellus. For that purpose, we recorded the calls of 40 males in the field, together with vegetation density and other environmental descriptors of the calling site. Path analysis revealed a strong effect of habitat structure on the temporal parameters of the call, and an effect of site temperature conditioning the size of organisms calling at each site and thus indirectly affecting the dominant frequency of the call. Experimental habitat modification with a styrofoam enclosure yielded results consistent with field observations, highlighting the potential role of call flexibility on detected call patterns. Both, experimental and correlative results indicate the need to incorporate the so far poorly considered role of phenotypic plasticity in the complex connection between environmental structure and individual call attributes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Ziegler
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | |
Collapse
|