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Chen H, Feng Y, Cui J, Wang X. Response of CRH system in brain and gill of marine medaka to seawater acidification. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1225-1236. [PMID: 38512395 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is mainly secreted by the hypothalamus to regulate stress when environmental factors change. Gills contact with water directly and may also secrete CRH to maintain local homeostasis. Ocean acidification changes water chemical parameters and is becoming an important environmental stressor for marine fish. The response of brain and gill CRH systems to ocean acidification remains unclear. In this study, marine medaka were exposed to CO2-acidified seawater (440 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 1800 ppm CO2) for 2 h, 4 h, 24 h, and 7 d, respectively. At 2 h and 4 h, the expression of crh mRNA in gills increased with increasing CO2 concentration. Crh protein is expressed mainly in the lamellae cells. crhbp and crhr1 expression also increased significantly. However, at 2 h and 4 h, acidification caused little changes in these genes and Crh protein expression in the brain. At 7 d, Crh-positive cells were detected in the hypothalamus; moreover, Crh protein expression in the whole brain increased. It is suggested that CRH autocrine secretion in gills is responsible for local acid-base regulation rather than systemic mobilization after short-term acidification stress, which may help the rapid regulation of body damage caused by environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Chen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoyi Feng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinghui Cui
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Shartau RB, Shu J, Baker DW. The role of salinity in recovery of white sturgeon ( Acipenser transmontanus) from stimulated angling stress. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 11:coad009. [PMID: 36950376 PMCID: PMC10025808 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Lower Fraser River are the focus of a catch-and-release angling fishery in British Columbia, Canada. However, the lower region of the catch area includes areas where tidal waters invade, and the consequence of salinity levels on recovery from an angling challenge are not characterized in sturgeon, despite theoretical implications of its import. We acclimated white sturgeon to various salinities (0, 10 and 20‰ (parts per thousand)) to investigate the effects of acclimation on recovery from stimulated angling stress that was induced through manual chasing. This challenge elicited the traditional physiological responses such as ion homeostasis disturbance, increases in secondary stress indicators and metabolic acidosis; however, environmental salinity altered the timing of recovery in some of the parameters measured. In addition, the severity of the intracellular pH disturbance in both heart and red blood cell seemed to be mediated in fresh water, yet the recovery pattern of plasma chloride and bicarbonate ions seemed to be facilitated by higher salinity. In general, responses were similar but not identical, leading us to conclude that the role of salinity on recovery from exercise is complex but not insignificant. Salinity may be important to behaviours exhibited by white sturgeon (such as migrations) in their respective saline environments, but less so around the impact of an angling stressor. Further exploration of this response may provide insight on whether the current tidal boundaries for angling white sturgeon are appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan B Shartau
- Corresponding author: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Tyler, 3900 University Blvd., Tyler, Texas, United States 75799.
| | - Jacelyn Shu
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200 - 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Daniel W Baker
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Vancouver Island University, 900 Fifth Street, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada, V9R 5S5
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Jie YK, Cheng CH, Wang LC, Ma HL, Deng YQ, Liu GX, Feng J, Guo ZX, Ye LT. Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and transcriptome changes in the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 245:109039. [PMID: 33785424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) is an economically important cultured species in China. Hypoxia is a major environmental stressor during mud crab culture. In the present study, we investigated the oxidative stress and transcriptome changes in the gills of mud crab after intermediate hypoxia stress with dissolved oxygen (DO) 3.0 ± 0.2 mg/L (named as "DO3") and acute hypoxia stress with DO 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/L (named as "DO1") for 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of DO1 increased significantly at 3, 6 and 24 h after hypoxia stress, while SOD activity of DO3 increased significantly at 6 and 24 h. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) increased significantly at 6, 12 and 24 h after hypoxia stress. The malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of DO1 increased significantly at 6, 12 and 24 h after hypoxia stress, while MDA concentration of DO3 only increased significantly at 6 h. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity of DO1 increased significantly at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after hypoxia stress, while LDH activity of DO3 increased significantly at 12 and 24 h. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted at 24 h of gill tissues after hypoxia stress. A total of 1052 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained, including 394 DEGs between DO1 and DO3, 481 DEGs between DO1 and control group, 177 DEGs between DO3 and control group. DEGs were enriched in the pathways related to metabolism, immune functions, ion transport, and signal transduction. Transcriptional analysis showed that glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle genes were the key factors in regulating the adaptation of mud crab to hypoxia stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kun Jie
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China
| | - Chang-Hong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China.
| | - Li-Cang Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China
| | - Hong-Ling Ma
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China
| | - Yi-Qin Deng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China
| | - Guang-Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China
| | - Zhi-Xun Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China.
| | - Ling-Tong Ye
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, China
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Morgan R, Tunnah L, Tuong DD, Hjelmstedt P, Nhu PN, Stiller KT, Phuong NT, Huong DTT, Bayley M, Wang T, Milsom WK. Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) use air-breathing and aquatic surface respiration when exposed to severe aquatic hypercarbia. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2021; 335:820-830. [PMID: 33773086 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the extent to which the facultative air-breathing fish, the striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), uses air-breathing to cope with aquatic hypercarbia, and how air-breathing is influenced by the experimental exposure protocol and level of hypercarbia. We exposed individuals to severe aquatic hypercarbia (up to Pw CO2 = 81 mmHg) using step-wise and progressive exposure protocols while measuring gill ventilation rate, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and air-breathing frequency, as well as arterial blood pH and PCO2 . We confirm that P. hypophthalmus is tolerant of hypercarbia. Under both protocols gill ventilation rate, heart rate, and mean arterial blood pressure were maintained near control levels even at very high CO2 levels. We observed a marked amount of individual variation in the PwCO2 at which air-breathing was elicited, with some individuals not responding at all. The experimental protocol also influenced the onset of air-breathing. Air-breathing began at lower Pw CO2 in the step-wise protocol (23 ± 4.1 mmHg) compared with the progressive protocol (46 ± 7.8 mmHg). Air-breathing was often followed by aquatic surface respiration, at higher PCO2 (71 ± 5.2 mmHg) levels. On average, the blood PCO2 was approximately 43% lower (46 ± 2.5 mmHg) than water Pw CO2 (~81 mmHg) at our highest tested CO2 level. While this suggests that aerial CO2 elimination is an effective, and perhaps critical, respiratory strategy used by P. hypophthalmus to cope with severe hypercarbia, this observation may also be explained by a long lag time required for equilibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Morgan
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Louise Tunnah
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dang D Tuong
- Department of Aquatic Nutrition and Products Processing, College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Per Hjelmstedt
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
| | - Pham N Nhu
- Department of Aquatic Nutrition and Products Processing, College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Kevin T Stiller
- Production Biology - The Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Nofima AS, Sjølseng, Sunndalsøra, Norway
| | - Nguyen Thanh Phuong
- Department of Aquatic Nutrition and Products Processing, College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Thanh Huong
- Department of Aquatic Nutrition and Products Processing, College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Mark Bayley
- Department of Bioscience, Zoophysiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tobias Wang
- Department of Bioscience, Zoophysiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - William K Milsom
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Tunnah L, Robertson CE, Turko AJ, Wright PA. Acclimation to prolonged aquatic hypercarbia or air enhances hemoglobin‑oxygen affinity in an amphibious fish. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 252:110848. [PMID: 33217558 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
When the amphibious mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus) leaves water for extended periods, hemoglobin-O2 binding affinity increases. We tested the hypothesis that the change in affinity was a consequence of hemoglobin isoform switching driven by exposure to environments associated with increased internal CO2 levels. We exposed K. marmoratus to either water (control, pH 8.1), air, aquatic hypercarbia (5.1 kPa CO2, pH 6.6-6.8), or aquatic acid (isocarbic control, pH 6.6-6.8), for 7 days, and measured hemoglobin-O2 affinity spectrophotometrically. We found that mangrove rivulus compensated for elevated CO2 and aquatic acid exposure by shifting hemoglobin-O2 affinity back to aquatic (control) levels when measured at an ecologically-relevant high CO2 level that would be experienced in vivo. Using proteomics, we found that the hemoglobin subunits present in the blood did not change between treatments, but air and aquatic acid exposure altered the abundance of cathodic hemoglobin subunits. We therefore conclude that hemoglobin isoform switching is not a primary strategy used by mangrove rivulus to adjust P50 under these conditions. Abundances of other RBC proteins also differed between treatment groups relative to control fish (e.g. Rhesus protein type A, band 3 anion exchanger). Overall, our data indicate that both aquatic hypercarbia and aquatic acidosis create similar changes in hemoglobin-O2 affinity as air exposure. However, the protein-level consequences differ between these groups, indicating that the red blood cell response of mangrove rivulus can be modulated depending on the environmental cue received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Tunnah
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Cayleih E Robertson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Andy J Turko
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Patricia A Wright
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Shartau RB, Baker DW, Harter TS, Aboagye DL, Allen PJ, Val AL, Crossley DA, Kohl ZF, Hedrick MS, Damsgaard C, Brauner CJ. Preferential intracellular pH regulation is a common trait amongst fishes exposed to high environmental CO 2. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb208868. [PMID: 32127382 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.208868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute (<96 h) exposure to elevated environmental CO2 (hypercarbia) induces a pH disturbance in fishes that is often compensated by concurrent recovery of intracellular and extracellular pH (pHi and pHe, respectively; coupled pH regulation). However, coupled pH regulation may be limited at CO2 partial pressure (PCO2 ) tensions far below levels that some fishes naturally encounter. Previously, four hypercarbia-tolerant fishes had been shown to completely and rapidly regulate heart, brain, liver and white muscle pHi during acute exposure to >4 kPa PCO2 (preferential pHi regulation) before pHe compensation was observed. Here, we test the hypothesis that preferential pHi regulation is a widespread strategy of acid-base regulation among fish by measuring pHi regulation in 10 different fish species that are broadly phylogenetically separated, spanning six orders, eight families and 10 genera. Contrary to previous views, we show that preferential pHi regulation is the most common strategy for acid-base regulation within these fishes during exposure to severe acute hypercarbia and that this strategy is associated with increased hypercarbia tolerance. This suggests that preferential pHi regulation may confer tolerance to the respiratory acidosis associated with hypercarbia, and we propose that it is an exaptation that facilitated key evolutionary transitions in vertebrate evolution, such as the evolution of air breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Shartau
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - D W Baker
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, Canada V9R 5S5
| | - T S Harter
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - D L Aboagye
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA
| | - P J Allen
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA
| | - A L Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon (INPA), Manaus, AM CEP 69080-971, Brazil
| | - D A Crossley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Z F Kohl
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - M S Hedrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, CA 94542, USA
| | - C Damsgaard
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - C J Brauner
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
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Warren DE, Hedrick MS. Introduction to the special issue: The state of acid-base physiology in a changing world. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 241:110630. [PMID: 31812673 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Warren
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Michael S Hedrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University East Bay, Hayward, CA, USA
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Brauner CJ, Shartau RB, Damsgaard C, Esbaugh AJ, Wilson RW, Grosell M. Acid-base physiology and CO2 homeostasis: Regulation and compensation in response to elevated environmental CO2. FISH PHYSIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.fp.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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