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Oglat AA. A review of ultrasound contrast media. F1000Res 2024; 12:1444. [PMID: 38817410 PMCID: PMC11137482 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.140131.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Efforts have been made over the last five decades to create effective ultrasonic contrast media (UCM) for cardiac and noncardiac applications. The initial UCM was established in the 1980s, following publications from the 1960s that detailed the discovery of ultrasonic contrast enhancement using small gaseous bubbles in echocardiographic examinations. An optimal contrast agent for echography should possess the following characteristics: non-toxicity, suitability for intravenous injection, ability to traverse pulmonary, cardiac, and capillary circulations, and stability for recirculation. Definity, Optison, Sonazoid, and SonoVue are examples of current commercial contrast media. These contrast media have shown potential for various clinical reasons, both on-label and off-label. Several possible UCMs have been developed or are in progress. Advancements in comprehending the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of microbubbles have significantly improved the visualization of tumor blood vessels, the identification of areas with reduced blood supply, and the enhanced detection of narrowed blood vessels. Innovative advances are expected to enhance future applications such as ultrasonic molecular imaging and therapeutic utilization of microbubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar A. Oglat
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan., The Hashemite University, Az-Zarqa, Zarqa Governorate, 13133, Jordan
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Bai Y, Chen Y, Jin Q, Deng C, Xu L, Huang T, He S, Fu Y, Qiu J, Xu J, Gao T, Wu W, Lv Q, Yang Y, Zhang L, Xie M, Dong X, Wang J. Platelet membrane-derived biomimetic microbubbles with enhanced targeting ability for the early detection of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113680. [PMID: 38101143 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a widely recognized cardiovascular disease that significantly impacts the prognosis of patients undergoing myocardial infarction recanalization. This condition can be fatal and involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Early diagnosis of MIRI is crucial to minimize myocardial damage and reducing mortality. Based on the inherent relationship between platelets and MIRI, we developed biomimetic microbubbles coated with platelet membrane (MB-pla) for early identification of MIRI. The MB-pla were prepared through a recombination process involving platelet membrane obtained from rat whole blood and phospholipids, blended in appropriate proportions. By coating the microbubbles with platelet membrane, MB-pla acquired various adhesion molecules, thereby gaining the capability to selectively adhere to damaged endothelial cells in the context of MIRI. In vitro experiments demonstrated that MB-pla exhibited remarkable targeting characteristics, particularly toward type IV collagen and human umbilical vein endothelial cells that had been injured through hypoxia/reoxygenation procedures. In a rat model of MIRI, the signal intensity produced by MB-pla was notably higher than that of control microbubbles. These findings were consistent with results obtained from fluorescence imaging of isolated hearts and immunofluorescence staining of tissue sections. In conclusion, MB-pla has great potential as a non-invasive early detection method for MIRI. Furthermore, this approach can potentially find application in other conditions involving endothelial injury in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihan Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China; Department of Ultrasonography, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiaofeng Jin
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Deng
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Huang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Shukun He
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Fu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiani Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Tang Gao
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqian Wu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Lv
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China
| | - Mingxing Xie
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Dong
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Khan AH, Ganguli A, Edirisinghe M, Dalvi SV. Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T-junction Microfluidic Device. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18971-18982. [PMID: 38087401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the interest toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles. Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end, which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles. Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid approach, which solves the Navier-Stokes equations for both the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored. Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations. Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction of microbubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaqib H Khan
- Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Arijit Ganguli
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Mohan Edirisinghe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London (UCL), London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Sameer V Dalvi
- Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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Zalloum IO, Jafari Sojahrood A, Paknahad AA, Kolios MC, Tsai SSH, Karshafian R. Controlled Tempering of Lipid Concentration and Microbubble Shrinkage as a Possible Mechanism for Fine-Tuning Microbubble Size and Shell Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17622-17631. [PMID: 38016673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The acoustic response of microbubbles (MBs) depends on their resonance frequency, which is dependent on the MB size and shell properties. Monodisperse MBs with tunable shell properties are thus desirable for optimizing and controlling the MB behavior in acoustics applications. By utilizing a novel microfluidic method that uses lipid concentration to control MB shrinkage, we generated monodisperse MBs of four different initial diameters at three lipid concentrations (5.6, 10.0, and 16.0 mg/mL) in the aqueous phase. Following shrinkage, we measured the MB resonance frequency and determined its shell stiffness and viscosity. The study demonstrates that we can generate monodisperse MBs of specific sizes and tunable shell properties by controlling the MB initial diameter and aqueous phase lipid concentration. Our results indicate that the resonance frequency increases by 180-210% with increasing lipid concentration (from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL), while the bubble diameter is kept constant. Additionally, we find that the resonance frequency decreases by 260-300% with an increasing MB final diameter (from 5 to 12 μm), while the lipid concentration is held constant. For example, our results depict that the resonance frequency increases by ∼195% with increasing lipid concentration from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL, for ∼11 μm final diameter MBs. Additionally, we find that the resonance frequency decreases by ∼275% with increasing MB final diameter from 5 to 12 μm when we use a lipid concentration of 5.6 mg/mL. We also determine that MB shell viscosity and stiffness increase with increasing lipid concentration and MB final diameter, and the level of change depends on the degree of shrinkage experienced by the MB. Specifically, we find that by increasing the concentration of lipids from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL, the shell stiffness and viscosity of ∼11 μm final diameter MBs increase by ∼400 and ∼200%, respectively. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fine-tuning the MB acoustic response to ultrasound by tailoring the MB initial diameter and lipid concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intesar O Zalloum
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amin Jafari Sojahrood
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali A Paknahad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott S H Tsai
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raffi Karshafian
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
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Courcier J, Leguerney I, Benatsou B, Pochon S, Tardy I, Albiges L, Cournède PH, De La Taille A, Lassau N, Ingels A. BR55 Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Reflects Tumor Vascular Expression of VEGFR-2 in a Patient-Derived Xenograft Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16211. [PMID: 38003400 PMCID: PMC10671137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard imaging cannot reliably predict the nature of renal tumors. Among malignant renal tumors, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histological subtype, in which the vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR-2) is highly expressed in the vascular endothelium. BR55, a contrast agent for ultrasound imaging, consists of gas-core lipid microbubbles that specifically target and bind to the extracellular portion of the VEGFR-2. The specific information provided by ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) using BR55 was compared with the vascular tumor expression of the VEGFR-2 by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in a preclinical model of ccRCC. Patients' ccRCCs were orthotopically grafted onto Nod-Scid-Gamma (NSG) mice to generate patient-derived xenografts (PdX). Mice were divided into four groups to receive either vehicle or axitinib an amount of 2, 7.5 or 15 mg/kg twice daily. Perfusion parameters and the BR55 ultrasound contrast signal on PdX renal tumors were analyzed at D0, D1, D3, D7 and D11, and compared with IHC staining for the VEGFR-2 and CD34. Significant Pearson correlation coefficients were observed between the area under the curve (AUC) and the CD34 (0.84, p < 10-4), and between the VEGFR-2-specific signal obtained by USMI and IHC (0.72, p < 10-4). USMI with BR55 could provide instant, quantitative information on tumor VEGFR-2 expression to characterize renal masses non-invasively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Courcier
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Ingrid Leguerney
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Baya Benatsou
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Laurence Albiges
- Department of Urological Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Paul-Henry Cournède
- Laboratory of Mathematics and Computer Science (MICS), CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexandre De La Taille
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Nathalie Lassau
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandre Ingels
- Department of Urology, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94000 Créteil, France
- Biomaps, UMR1281, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
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Siebenmorgen C, Poortinga A, van Rijn P. Sono-processes: Emerging systems and their applicability within the (bio-)medical field. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106630. [PMID: 37826890 PMCID: PMC10582584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Sonochemistry, although established in various fields, is still an emerging field finding new effects of ultrasound on chemical systems and are of particular interest for the biomedical field. This interdisciplinary area of research explores the use of acoustic waves with frequencies ranging from 20 kHz to 1 MHz to induce physical and chemical changes. By subjecting liquids to ultrasonic waves, sonochemistry has demonstrated the ability to accelerate reaction rates, alter chemical reaction pathways, and change physical properties of the system while operating under mild reaction conditions. It has found its way into diverse industries including food processing, pharmaceuticals, material science, and environmental remediation. This review provides an overview of the principles, advancements, and applications of sonochemistry with a particular focus on the domain of (bio-)medicine. Despite the numerous benefits sonochemistry has to offer, most of the research in the (bio-)medical field remains in the laboratory stage. Translation of these systems into clinical practice is complex as parameters used for medical ultrasound are limited and toxic side effects must be minimized in order to meet regulatory approval. However, directing attention towards the applicability of the system in clinical practice from the early stages of research holds significant potential to further amplify the role of sonochemistry in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Siebenmorgen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
| | - Albert Poortinga
- Technical University Eindhoven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gemini Zuid, de Zaale, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands.
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
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7
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Rastegar G, Salman MM, Sirsi SR. Remote Loading: The Missing Piece for Achieving High Drug Payload and Rapid Release in Polymeric Microbubbles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2550. [PMID: 38004529 PMCID: PMC10675060 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of drug-loaded microbubbles for targeted drug delivery, particularly in cancer treatment, has been extensively studied in recent years. However, the loading capacity of microbubbles has been limited due to their surface area. Typically, drug molecules are loaded on or within the shell, or drug-loaded nanoparticles are coated on the surfaces of microbubbles. To address this significant limitation, we have introduced a novel approach. For the first time, we employed a transmembrane ammonium sulfate and pH gradient to load doxorubicin in a crystallized form in the core of polymeric microcapsules. Subsequently, we created remotely loaded microbubbles (RLMBs) through the sublimation of the liquid core of the microcapsules. Remotely loaded microcapsules exhibited an 18-fold increase in drug payload compared with physically loaded microcapsules. Furthermore, we investigated the drug release of RLMBs when exposed to an ultrasound field. After 120 s, an impressive 82.4 ± 5.5% of the loaded doxorubicin was released, demonstrating the remarkable capability of remotely loaded microbubbles for on-demand drug release. This study is the first to report such microbubbles that enable rapid drug release from the core. This innovative technique holds great promise in enhancing drug loading capacity and advancing targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shashank R. Sirsi
- Department of Bioengineering, Erik Johnson School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (G.R.); (M.M.S.)
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Navarro-Becerra JA, Castillo JI, Di Ruzza F, Borden MA. Monodispersity Increases Adhesion Efficiency and Specificity for Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubbles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:991-1001. [PMID: 36153974 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound molecular imaging with targeted microbubbles (MBs) can be used to noninvasively diagnose, monitor, and study the progression of different endothelial-associated diseases. Acoustic radiation force (Frad) can initiate and enhance MB adhesion at the target site. The goal of this study was to elucidate the effects of various MB parameters on Frad targeting. Monodisperse or polydisperse MBs with the immune-stealth cloaked (buried)-ligand architecture were conjugated with targeting RGD or nonspecific isotype control RAD peptides and then pumped through an αvβ3 integrin-coated microvessel phantom at a wall shear stress of 3.5 dyn/cm2. Targeting was assessed by measuring MB attachment for varying Frad time and frequency, as well as MB concentration and size distribution. We first confirmed that primary Frad is necessary to target the cloaked-ligand MBs. MB targeting increased monotonically with αvβ3 integrin density and Frad time. MB attachment and, to a lesser extent specificity, also increased when driven by Frad near resonance. MB targeting increased with MB concentration, although a shift in behavior was observed with increasing MB-MB interactions and aggregations forming from secondary Frad effects as MB concentration was increased. These secondary Frad effects reduced targeting specificity. Finally, after having validated our approach by testing different parameters with the appropriate controls, we then determined the effects of monodispersity on adhesion efficiency and specific targeting. We observed that both MB targeting efficiency and specificity were greatly enhanced for monodisperse vs polydisperse MBs. Analysis of videomicroscopy images indicated that secondary Frad effects may have disproportionally inhibited targeting of polydisperse MBs. In conclusion, our in vitro results indicate that monodisperse MBs driven near resonance and at a low concentration (∼106 MB/mL) can be used to maximize the adhesion efficiency (up to 88%) and specificity of RGD-MB targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Angel Navarro-Becerra
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - Jair I Castillo
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - Federico Di Ruzza
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States.,Chemical Science and Technology Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Mark A Borden
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States.,Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
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9
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Tabata H, Koyama D, Matsukawa M, Krafft MP, Yoshida K. Concentration-Dependent Viscoelasticity of Poloxamer-Shelled Microbubbles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:433-441. [PMID: 36580034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The oscillation of shelled microbubbles during exposure to ultrasound is influenced by the mechanical properties of the shell components. The oscillation behavior of bubbles coated with various phospholipids and other amphiphiles has been studied. However, there have been few investigations of how the adsorption conditions of the shell molecules relate to the viscoelastic properties of the shell and influence the oscillation behavior of the bubbles. In the present study, we investigated the oscillation characteristics of microbubbles coated with a poloxamer surfactant, that is, Pluronic F-68, at several concentrations after the adsorption kinetics of the surfactant at the gas-water interface had reached equilibrium. The dilatational viscoelasticity of the shell during exposure to ultrasound was analyzed in the frequency domain from the attenuation characteristics of the acoustic pulses propagated in the bubble suspension. At Pluronic F-68 concentrations lower than 2.0 × 10-2 mol L-1, the attenuation characteristics typically exhibited a sharp peak. At concentrations higher than 2.0 × 10-2 mol L-1, the peak flattened. The dilatational elasticity and viscosity of the shell were estimated by fitting the theoretical model to the experimental values, which revealed that both the elasticity and viscosity increased markedly at approximately 2.0 × 10-2 mol L-1. This suggests that the adsorption properties of Pluronic F-68 strongly affect the oscillation characteristics of microbubbles of a size suitable for medical ultrasound diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Tabata
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tataramiyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto610-0321, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koyama
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tataramiyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto610-0321, Japan
| | - Mami Matsukawa
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tataramiyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto610-0321, Japan
| | - Marie Pierre Krafft
- Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg67034, France
| | - Kenji Yoshida
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba263-8522, Japan
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10
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Li F, Xu W, Feng Y, Wang W, Tian H, He S, Li L, Xiang B, Wang Y. Preparation of ultrasound contrast agents: The exploration of the structure-echogenicity relationship of contrast agents based on neural network model. Front Oncol 2022; 12:964314. [PMID: 36276089 PMCID: PMC9581267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.964314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to standardize the process of micro/nanobubble preparation to bring it closer to clinical translation. We explored a neural network-based model to predict the structure-echogenicity relationship for the preparation and fabrication of ultrasound-enhanced contrast agents. Seven formulations were screened, and 109 measurements were obtained. An artificial neural network-multilayer perceptron (ANN-MLP) model was used. The original data were divided into the training and testing groups, which included 73 and 36 groups of data, respectively. The hidden layer was selected from three hidden layers and included bias. The classification graph showed that the predicted values of the training and testing groups were 76.7% and 66.7%, respectively. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the accuracy of different imaging effects could achieve a prediction rate of 88.1–96.5%. The percentage graph showed that the data were gradually converging. The predictive analysis curves of different ultrasound effects gradually approached stable value of Gain. Normalized importance predicted contributions for the Pk1, poly-dispersity index (PDI), and intensity account were 100%, 98.5%, and 89.7%, respectively. The application of the ANN-MLP model is feasible and effective for the exploration of the synthesis process of ultrasound contrast agents. 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3 phosphoethanolamine-N (methoxy[polyethylene glycol]-2000) (DSPE PEG-2000) correlated highly with the success rate of contrast agent synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wensheng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yujin Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wengang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Suhuan He
- The First Outpatient Department of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bai Xiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Yueheng Wang, ; Bai Xiang,
| | - Yueheng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Yueheng Wang, ; Bai Xiang,
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11
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Garello F, Svenskaya Y, Parakhonskiy B, Filippi M. Micro/Nanosystems for Magnetic Targeted Delivery of Bioagents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061132. [PMID: 35745705 PMCID: PMC9230665 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals is promising for efficient disease treatment and reduction in adverse effects. Nano or microstructured magnetic materials with strong magnetic momentum can be noninvasively controlled via magnetic forces within living beings. These magnetic carriers open perspectives in controlling the delivery of different types of bioagents in humans, including small molecules, nucleic acids, and cells. In the present review, we describe different types of magnetic carriers that can serve as drug delivery platforms, and we show different ways to apply them to magnetic targeted delivery of bioagents. We discuss the magnetic guidance of nano/microsystems or labeled cells upon injection into the systemic circulation or in the tissue; we then highlight emergent applications in tissue engineering, and finally, we show how magnetic targeting can integrate with imaging technologies that serve to assist drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Garello
- Molecular and Preclinical Imaging Centers, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Yulia Svenskaya
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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12
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Beekers I, Langeveld SAG, Meijlink B, van der Steen AFW, de Jong N, Verweij MD, Kooiman K. Internalization of targeted microbubbles by endothelial cells and drug delivery by pores and tunnels. J Control Release 2022; 347:460-475. [PMID: 35545132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound insonification of microbubbles can locally enhance drug delivery by increasing the cell membrane permeability. To aid development of a safe and effective therapeutic microbubble, more insight into the microbubble-cell interaction is needed. In this in vitro study we aimed to investigate the initial 3D morphology of the endothelial cell membrane adjacent to individual microbubbles (n = 301), determine whether this morphology was affected upon binding and by the type of ligand on the microbubble, and study its influence on microbubble oscillation and the drug delivery outcome. High-resolution 3D confocal microscopy revealed that targeted microbubbles were internalized by endothelial cells, while this was not the case for non-targeted or IgG1-κ control microbubbles. The extent of internalization was ligand-dependent, since αvβ3-targeted microbubbles were significantly more internalized than CD31-targeted microbubbles. Ultra-high-speed imaging (~17 Mfps) in combination with high-resolution confocal microscopy (n = 246) showed that microbubble internalization resulted in a damped microbubble oscillation upon ultrasound insonification (2 MHz, 200 kPa peak negative pressure, 10 cycles). Despite damped oscillation, the cell's susceptibility to sonoporation (as indicated by PI uptake) was increased for internalized microbubbles. Monitoring cell membrane integrity (n = 230) showed the formation of either a pore, for intracellular delivery, or a tunnel (i.e. transcellular perforation), for transcellular delivery. Internalized microbubbles caused fewer transcellular perforations and smaller pore areas than non-internalized microbubbles. In conclusion, studying microbubble-mediated drug delivery using a state-of-the-art imaging system revealed receptor-mediated microbubble internalization and its effect on microbubble oscillation and resulting membrane perforation by pores and tunnels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Beekers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Health, ORTEC B.V., Houtsingel 5, 2719 EA Zoetermeer, the Netherlands.
| | - Simone A G Langeveld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Meijlink
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antonius F W van der Steen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nico de Jong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Building 22, Room D218, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Martin D Verweij
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Building 22, Room D218, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Klazina Kooiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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13
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Dubey D, Christiansen MG, Vizovisek M, Gebhardt S, Feike J, Schuerle S. Engineering Responsive Ultrasound Contrast Agents Through Crosslinked Networks on Lipid-Shelled Microbubbles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107143. [PMID: 35064638 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound imaging with contrast agents, especially with lipid-shelled microbubbles, has become a vital tool in clinical diagnostics. Efforts to adapt these agents for molecular imaging have typically focused on targeted binding. More recently, crosslinking the lipid shell to alter its mechanical properties, followed by decrosslinking upon exposure to a stimulus, has been shown as a promising approach for imaging soluble molecular targets. Nevertheless, a systematic study of the influence of crosslinker concentration and structure on the mechanical properties of microbubbles has not been undertaken. An improved understanding of the role of these parameters is necessary to more effectively design contrast agents that detect proteases, an informative class of soluble disease markers. Here, the influence of crosslinker parameters on the acoustic properties of microbubbles, developing a model of crosslinker network formation on microbubble shells that explains the experimental observations, are studied. By incorporating cleavable elements that respond to UV light or proteolysis, kinetically resolved acoustic detection of these stimuli and the relevance of crosslinker design are demonstrated. The framework established in this study can be readily adapted to other protease-cleavable units and provides a basis for the future development of responsive ultrasound contrast agents for molecular imaging of proteolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Dubey
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Michael G Christiansen
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Matej Vizovisek
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Gebhardt
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Feike
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Simone Schuerle
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
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14
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Langeveld SAG, Meijlink B, Beekers I, Olthof M, van der Steen AFW, de Jong N, Kooiman K. Theranostic Microbubbles with Homogeneous Ligand Distribution for Higher Binding Efficacy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020311. [PMID: 35214044 PMCID: PMC8878664 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid-coated targeted microbubbles are used for ultrasound molecular imaging and locally enhanced drug delivery, with the binding efficacy being an important trait. The use of organic solvent in microbubble production makes the difference between a heterogeneous or homogeneous ligand distribution. This study demonstrates the effect of ligand distribution on the binding efficacy of phospholipid-coated ανβ3-targeted microbubbles in vitro using a monolayer of human umbilical-vein endothelial cells and in vivo using chicken embryos. Microbubbles with a homogeneous ligand distribution had a higher binding efficacy than those with a heterogeneous ligand distribution both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, 1.55× more microbubbles with a homogeneous ligand distribution bound under static conditions, while this was 1.49× more under flow with 1.25 dyn/cm2, 1.56× more under flow with 2.22 dyn/cm2, and 1.25× more in vivo. The in vitro dissociation rate of bound microbubbles with homogeneous ligand distribution was lower at low shear stresses (1–5 dyn/cm2). The internalized depth of bound microbubbles was influenced by microbubble size, not by ligand distribution. In conclusion, for optimal binding the use of organic solvent in targeted microbubble production is preferable over directly dispersing phospholipids in aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone A. G. Langeveld
- Thorax Center, Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.M.); (I.B.); (M.O.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bram Meijlink
- Thorax Center, Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.M.); (I.B.); (M.O.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Inés Beekers
- Thorax Center, Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.M.); (I.B.); (M.O.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
- Department of Health, ORTEC B.V., 2719 EA Zoetermeer, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Olthof
- Thorax Center, Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.M.); (I.B.); (M.O.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Antonius F. W. van der Steen
- Thorax Center, Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.M.); (I.B.); (M.O.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Nico de Jong
- Thorax Center, Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.M.); (I.B.); (M.O.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
- Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Klazina Kooiman
- Thorax Center, Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.M.); (I.B.); (M.O.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.); (N.d.J.); (K.K.)
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