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Kharouf N, Flanagan TW, Alamodi AA, Al Hmada Y, Hassan SY, Shalaby H, Santourlidis S, Hassan SL, Haikel Y, Megahed M, Brodell RT, Hassan M. CD133-Dependent Activation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase /AKT/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling in Melanoma Progression and Drug Resistance. Cells 2024; 13:240. [PMID: 38334632 PMCID: PMC10854812 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma frequently harbors genetic alterations in key molecules leading to the aberrant activation of PI3K and its downstream pathways. Although the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in melanoma progression and drug resistance is well documented, targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway showed less efficiency in clinical trials than might have been expected, since the suppression of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway-induced feedback loops is mostly associated with the activation of compensatory pathways such as MAPK/MEK/ERK. Consequently, the development of intrinsic and acquired resistance can occur. As a solid tumor, melanoma is notorious for its heterogeneity. This can be expressed in the form of genetically divergent subpopulations including a small fraction of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and non-cancer stem cells (non-CSCs) that make the most of the tumor mass. Like other CSCs, melanoma stem-like cells (MSCs) are characterized by their unique cell surface proteins/stemness markers and aberrant signaling pathways. In addition to its function as a robust marker for stemness properties, CD133 is crucial for the maintenance of stemness properties and drug resistance. Herein, the role of CD133-dependent activation of PI3K/mTOR in the regulation of melanoma progression, drug resistance, and recurrence is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naji Kharouf
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas W. Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | | | - Youssef Al Hmada
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (Y.A.H.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Sofie-Yasmin Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Hosam Shalaby
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Sarah-Lilly Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mossad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Robert T. Brodell
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (Y.A.H.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Mohamed Hassan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Research Laboratory of Surgery-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Schartl M, Lu Y. Validity of Xiphophorus fish as models for human disease. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050382. [PMID: 38299666 PMCID: PMC10855230 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Platyfish and swordtails of the genus Xiphophorus provide a well-established model for melanoma research and have become well known for this feature. Recently, modelling approaches for other human diseases in Xiphophorus have been developed or are emerging. This Review provides a comprehensive summary of these models and discusses how findings from basic biological and molecular studies and their translation to medical research demonstrate that Xiphophorus models have face, construct and predictive validity for studying a broad array of human diseases. These models can thus improve our understanding of disease mechanisms to benefit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Schartl
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
- Developmental Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Yuan Lu
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
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Xu H, Zhou Y, Guo J, Ling T, Xu Y, Zhao T, Shi C, Su Z, You Q. Elevated extracellular calcium ions accelerate the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells and decrease cisplatin sensitivity. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:340-354. [PMID: 37750331 PMCID: PMC10541776 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is the most frequent liver malignancy in children. HepG2 has been discovered as a hepatoblastoma-derived cell line and tends to form clumps in culture. Intriguingly, we observed that the addition of calcium ions reduced cell clumping and disassociated HepG2 cells. The calcium signal is in connection with a series of processes critical in the tumorigenesis. Here, we demonstrated that extracellular calcium ions induced morphological changes and enhanced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HepG2 cells. Mechanistically, calcium ions promoted HepG2 proliferation and migration by up-regulating the phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), protein kinase B, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. The inhibitor of FAK or Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase Ⅱ (CaMKⅡ) reversed the Ca 2+-induced effects on HepG2 cells, including cell proliferation and migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition protein expression levels, and phosphorylation levels of FAK and protein kinase B. Moreover, calcium ions decreased HepG2 cells' sensitivity to cisplatin. Furthermore, we found that the expression levels of FAK and CaMKⅡ were increased in hepatoblastoma. The group with high expression levels of FAK and CaMKⅡ exhibited significantly lower ImmunoScore as well as CD8 + T and NK cells. The expression of CaMKⅡ was positively correlated with that of PDCD1 and LAG3. Correspondingly, the expression of FAK was negatively correlated with that of TNFSF9, TNFRSF4, and TNFRSF18. Collectively, extracellular calcium accelerates HepG2 cell proliferation and migration via FAK and CaMKⅡ and enhances cisplatin resistance. FAK and CaMKⅡ shape immune cell infiltration and responses in tumor microenvironments, thereby serving as potential targets for hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Yiming Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Tao Ling
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuanxin Shi
- Division of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Zhongping Su
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Institute of Neuroendocrine Tumor, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Qiang You
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
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Monroe JD, Basheer F, Gibert Y. Xmrks the Spot: Fish Models for Investigating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling in Cancer Research. Cells 2021; 10:1132. [PMID: 34067095 PMCID: PMC8150686 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies conducted in several fish species, e.g., Xiphophorus hellerii (green swordtail) and Xiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish) crosses, Oryzias latipes (medaka), and Danio rerio (zebrafish), have identified an oncogenic role for the receptor tyrosine kinase, Xmrk, a gene product closely related to the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is associated with a wide variety of pathological conditions, including cancer. Comparative analyses of Xmrk and EGFR signal transduction in melanoma have shown that both utilize STAT5 signaling to regulate apoptosis and cell proliferation, PI3K to modulate apoptosis, FAK to control migration, and the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK pathway to regulate cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Further, Xmrk and EGFR may also modulate similar chemokine, extracellular matrix, oxidative stress, and microRNA signaling pathways in melanoma. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Xmrk and EGFR signaling utilize STAT5 to regulate cell proliferation, and Xmrk may signal through PI3K and FasR to modulate apoptosis. At the same time, both activate the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK pathway to regulate cell proliferation and E-cadherin signaling. Xmrk models of melanoma have shown that inhibitors of PI3K and MEK have an anti-cancer effect, and in HCC, that the steroidal drug, adrenosterone, can prevent metastasis and recover E-cadherin expression, suggesting that fish Xmrk models can exploit similarities with EGFR signal transduction to identify and study new chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry D. Monroe
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Faiza Basheer
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia;
| | - Yann Gibert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
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Yang LY, Shan YM, Zhang Y, Zhou EH, Chen XP, Zhang H. Aurora kinase A induces chemotherapy resistance through revival of dormant cells in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2019; 41:2239-2248. [PMID: 30706572 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy resistance was an important tumor metastasis mechanism. METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and plate colony formation assay were applied to examine the proliferation of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting were carried out to show the expression of related proteins. Wound healing, migration, and invasion assays were used to examine the mobility, migration, and invasion of LSCC. RESULTS Downregulated Aurora kinase A (AURKA) increased chemotherapy sensitivity and reduced the ability of mobility, migration, and invasion of Hep2 cells, while upregulated AURKA possessed opposite results. Hep2/5-Fu cells possessed dormancy-like properties and upregulated AURKA in Hep2/5-Fu cells (Hep2/5-Fu/AURKA cells) revived dormant state. Furthermore, Erk1/2 was restrained in Hep2/5-Fu cells and activated in Hep2/5-Fu/AURKA cells. Moreover, Erk1/2 accelerated the ability of mobility, migration, and invasion in Hep2/5-Fu/AURKA cells. CONCLUSION AURKA activated dormant state to induce chemotherapy resistance and promoted metastasis of LSCC through Erk1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Min Shan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - En-Hui Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Wu J, Chen XH, Wang XQ, Yu Y, Ren JM, Xiao Y, Zhou T, Li P, Xu CD. ERp19 contributes to tumorigenicity in human gastric cancer by promoting cell growth, migration and invasion. Oncotarget 2016; 6:11794-805. [PMID: 25940440 PMCID: PMC4494905 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ERp19, a mammalian thioredoxin-like protein, plays a key role in defense against endoplasmic reticulum stress. It belongs to the protein disulfide isomerize (PDI) family, whose members have been implicated in development of breast, ovarian and gastrointestinal cancers. However, the role of ERp19 in gastric cancer (GC) remains undefined. Therefore, we sought to investigate the expression and prognostic value of ERp19 in GC patients, and to explore the role of ERp19 in tumorigenicity. Expression of ERp19 in gastric tissues was assessed by immunohistochemical staining and real-time PCR in clinical samples of GC patients. Statistical analysis of clinical cases revealed that the expression levels of ERp19 were higher in tumor tissues than non-tumor tissues. And the level of ERp19 expression was correlated with tumor size, lymph node involvement and poor clinical prognosis. Furthermore, ERp19 knockdown dramatically suppressed gastric cancer cell growth, inhibited cellular migration/invasion and down-regulated the phosphorylation of FAK and paxillin, whereas ERp19 over-expression reversed these changes. We conclude that ERp19 contributes to tumorigenicity and metastasis of GC by activating the FAK signaling pathway, and may function as an oncogene in GC. ERp19 may represent a new diagnostic and prognostic marker and a novel target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic
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Ping S, Ma C, Liu P, Yang L, Yang X, Wu Q, Zhao X, Gong B. Molecular mechanisms underlying endometriosis pathogenesis revealed by bioinformatics analysis of microarray data. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 293:797-804. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3875-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Guo B, Su J, Zhang T, Wang K, Li X. Fangchinoline as a kinase inhibitor targets FAK and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway in A549. J Drug Target 2014; 23:266-74. [PMID: 25539072 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.992898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fangchinoline as a novel anti-tumor agent has been paid attention in several types of cancers cells except lung cancer. Here we have investigated the effect of fangchinoline on A549 cells and its underlying mechanism. PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to study the effect of fangchinoline on A549 cells. METHODS Four lung cancer cell lines (A549, NCI-H292, NCI-H446, and NCI-H460) were exposed to varying concentrations (10-40 μmol/l) of fangchinoline to observe the effect of fangchinoline on the four lung cancer cell lines and to observe the changes of the lung cancer cell on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. RESULTS Fangchinoline effectively suppressed proliferation and invasion of A549 cell line but not NCI-H292, NCI-H446, and NCI-H460 cell lines by inhibiting the phosphorylation of FAK (Tyr397) and its downstream pathways, due to the significant differences of Fak expression between A549 and the other three cell lines. And all FAK-paxillin/MMP2/MMP9 pathway, FAK-Akt pathway, and FAK-MEK-ERK1/2 pathway could be inhibited by fangchinoline. DISCUSSION Fangchinoline effectively suppressed proliferation and invasion of A549 cell line by inhibiting the phosphorylation of FAK (Tyr397) and its downstream pathways. CONCLUSION Fangchinoline could inhibit the phosphorylation of FAK(p-Tyr397), at least partially. Fangchinoline as a kinase inhibitor targets FAK and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway and inhibits the growth and the invasion in tumor cells which highly expressed FAK such as A549 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Guo
- Institute of Neurology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command , Shenyang, Liaoning , China
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Ninio-Many L, Grossman H, Shomron N, Chuderland D, Shalgi R. microRNA-125a-3p reduces cell proliferation and migration by targeting Fyn. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:2867-76. [PMID: 23606749 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.123414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fyn, a member of the Src family kinases (SFKs), has a pivotal role in cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and survival, and its overexpression is associated with several types of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in post-transcriptional repression of protein expression. In light of the significant functions of Fyn, together with studies demonstrating miR-125a as a tumor-suppressing miRNA that is downregulated in several cancer cell types and on our bioinformatics studies presented here, we chose to examine the post-transcription regulation of Fyn by miR-125a-3p in the HEK 293T cell line. We show that Fyn expression can be dramatically reduced by elevated levels of miR-125a-3p. Following this reduction, the activity of proteins downstream of Fyn, such as FAK, paxillin and Akt (proteins known to be overexpressed in various tumors), is also reduced. On a broader level, we show that miR-125a-3p causes an arrest of the cell cycle at the G2/M stage and decreases cell viability and migration, probably in a Fyn-directed manner. The results are reinforced by control experiments conducted using Fyn siRNA and anti-miR-125a-3p, as well as by the fact that numerous cancer cell lines show a significant downregulation of Fyn after mir-125a-3p overexpression. Collectively, we conclude that miR-125a-3p has an important role in the regulation of Fyn expression and of its signaling pathway, which implies that it has a therapeutic potential in overexpressed Fyn-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihi Ninio-Many
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Schartl M, Kneitz S, Wilde B, Wagner T, Henkel CV, Spaink HP, Meierjohann S. Conserved expression signatures between medaka and human pigment cell tumors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37880. [PMID: 22693581 PMCID: PMC3365055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrations in gene expression are a hallmark of cancer cells. Differential tumor-specific transcript levels of single genes or whole sets of genes may be critical for the neoplastic phenotype and important for therapeutic considerations or useful as biomarkers. As an approach to filter out such relevant expression differences from the plethora of changes noted in global expression profiling studies, we searched for changes of gene expression levels that are conserved. Transcriptomes from massive parallel sequencing of different types of melanoma from medaka were generated and compared to microarray datasets from zebrafish and human melanoma. This revealed molecular conservation at various levels between fish models and human tumors providing a useful strategy for identifying expression signatures strongly associated with disease phenotypes and uncovering new melanoma molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Schartl
- Physiological Chemistry I, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Zebda N, Dubrovskyi O, Birukov KG. Focal adhesion kinase regulation of mechanotransduction and its impact on endothelial cell functions. Microvasc Res 2011; 83:71-81. [PMID: 21741394 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 06/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells lining the blood vessels form the interface between the bloodstream and the vessel wall and as such they are continuously subjected to shear and cyclic stress from the flowing blood in the lumen. Additional mechanical stimuli are also imposed on these cells in the form of substrate stiffness transmitted from the extracellular matrix components in the basement membrane, and additional mechanical loads imposed on the lung endothelium as the result of respiration or mechanical ventilation in clinical settings. Focal adhesions (FAs) are complex structures assembled at the abluminal endothelial plasma membrane which connect the extracellular filamentous meshwork to the intracellular cytoskeleton and hence constitute the ideal checkpoint capable of controlling or mediating transduction of bidirectional mechanical signals. In this review we focus on focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a component of FAs, which has been studied for a number of years with regards to its involvement in mechanotransduction. We analyzed the recent advances in the understanding of the role of FAK in the signaling cascade(s) initiated by various mechanical stimuli with particular emphasis on potential implications on endothelial cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Zebda
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Lung Injury Center, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Hinton DE, Hardman RC, Kullman SW, (Mac) Law JM, Schmale MC, Walter RB, Winn RN, Yoder JA. Aquatic animal models of human disease: selected papers and recommendations from the 4th Conference. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 149:121-8. [PMID: 19150511 PMCID: PMC2676715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Hinton
- Division of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328, A333B LSRC, Durham, NC 27708-0328, USA, Email address: , Tel.: +1 919 613 8038, Fax.: +1 919 684 8741
| | - Ron C. Hardman
- Division of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328, A333A LSRC, Durham, NC 27708-0328, USA, Email address: , Tel.: +1 919 613 8038, Fax.: +1 919 684 8741
| | - Seth W. Kullman
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Box 7633, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7633, Email address: , Tel.: +1 919 515 2274, Fax.: +1 919 515 7169
| | - Jerry M. (Mac) Law
- Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, Email address: , Tel.: +1 919 515 7411, Fax.: +1 919 515 3044
| | - Michael C. Schmale
- Division of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Rosentiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami, FL 33149, USA, Email address: , Tel.:+1 305 421 4140, Fax.: +1 305 421 4600
| | - Ronald B. Walter
- Molecular Biosciences Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 419 Centennial Hall, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, Email address: , Tel.: +1 512 245 0357, Fax.: +1 512 245 1922
| | - Richard N. Winn
- Aquatic Biotechnology and Environmental Lab (ABEL), 2580 Devil’s Ford Road, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA, Email address: , Tel.: +1 706 369 5858, Fax.: +1 706 353 2620
| | - Jeffrey A. Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA, Email address: , Tel.: +1 919 515 7406, Fax.: +1 919 513 7301
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