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Chen J, Wei Y, Zhou J, Cao X, Yuan R, Lu Y, Guo Y, Shao X, Sun W, Jia M, Chen X. Tributyltin-induced oxidative stress causes developmental damage in the cardiovascular system of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118811. [PMID: 38555090 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) can be used as an antifouling agent with anticorrosive, antiseptic and antifungal properties and is widely used in wood preservation and ship painting. However, it has recently been found that TBT can be harmful to aquatic organisms. In this study, to gain insight into the effects of TBT with respect to the development of the cardiovascular system in zebrafish embryos, zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of TBT solutions (0.2 μg/L, 1 μg/L, and 2 μg/L) at 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) TBT exposure resulted in decreased hatchability and heart rate, deformed features such as pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, and spinal curvature in zebrafish embryos, and impaired heart development. Expression of cardiac development-related genes (vmhc, myh6, nkx2.5, tbx5a, gata4, tbx2b, nppa) is dysregulated. Transgenic zebrafish Tg (fli1: EGFP) were used to explore the effects of TBT exposure on vascular development. It was found that TBT exposure could lead to impaired development of intersegmental vessels (ISVs), common cardinal vein (CCV), subintestinal vessels (SIVs) and cerebrovascular. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway-related genes (flt1, flt4, kdr, vegfa) was downregulated. Biochemical indices showed that ROS and MDA levels were significantly elevated and that SOD and CAT activities were significantly reduced. The expression of key genes for prostacyclin synthesis (pla2, ptgs2a, ptgs2b, ptgis, ptgs1) is abnormal. Therefore, it is possible that oxidative stress induced by TBT exposure leads to the blockage of arachidonic acid (AA) production in zebrafish embryos, which affects prostacyclin synthesis and consequently the normal development of the heart and blood vessels in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Chen
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yinyin Wei
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jiameng Zhou
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xianglin Cao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Rongjie Yuan
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yaoyajie Lu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yi Guo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xue Shao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Weidi Sun
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Mengtao Jia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Ecological Environment College, Baotou Teachers' College, Baotou, 014030, China.
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Forni M, Bernardini C, Zamparini F, Zannoni A, Salaroli R, Ventrella D, Parchi G, Degli Esposti M, Polimeni A, Fabbri P, Fava F, Prati C, Gandolfi MG. Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation on 3D Biodegradable Highly Porous CaSi-DCPD Doped Poly (α-hydroxy) Acids Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020243. [PMID: 32013247 PMCID: PMC7075175 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization is a crucial factor when approaching any engineered tissue. Vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells are an excellent in vitro model to study vascular remodeling due to their strong angiogenic attitude. This study aimed to demonstrate the angiogenic potential of experimental highly porous scaffolds based on polylactic acid (PLA) or poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) doped with calcium silicates (CaSi) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), namely PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD and PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD, designed for the regeneration of bone defects. Vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells (VW-MSCs) derived from pig thoracic aorta were seeded on the scaffolds and the expression of angiogenic markers, i.e. CD90 (mesenchymal stem/stromal cell surface marker), pericyte genes α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle actin), PDGFR-β (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β), and NG2 (neuron-glial antigen 2) was evaluated. Pure PLA and pure PCL scaffolds and cell culture plastic were used as controls (3D in vitro model vs. 2D in vitro model). The results clearly demonstrated that the vascular wall mesenchymal cells colonized the scaffolds and were metabolically active. Cells, grown in these 3D systems, showed the typical gene expression profile they have in control 2D culture, although with some main quantitative differences. DNA staining and immunofluorescence assay for alpha-tubulin confirmed a cellular presence on both scaffolds. However, VW-MSCs cultured on PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD showed an individual cells growth, whilst on PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD scaffolds VW-MSCs grew in spherical clusters. In conclusion, vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated the ability to colonize PLA and PCL scaffolds doped with CaSi-DCPD for new vessels formation and a potential for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Fausto Zamparini
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Green Materials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.P.)
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Domenico Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Greta Parchi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Green Materials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.P.)
| | - Micaela Degli Esposti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.E.); (P.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Pediatric Dentistry Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paola Fabbri
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.E.); (P.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Fabio Fava
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.E.); (P.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Carlo Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Green Materials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
The more than 80,000 chemicals in commerce present a challenge for hazard assessments that toxicity testing in the 21st century strives to address through high-throughput screening (HTS) assays. Assessing chemical effects on human development adds an additional layer of complexity to the screening, with a need to capture complex and dynamic events essential for proper embryo-fetal development. HTS data from ToxCast/Tox21 informs systems toxicology models, which incorporate molecular targets and biological pathways into mechanistic models describing the effects of chemicals on human cells, 3D organotypic culture models, and small model organisms. Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) provide a useful framework for integrating the evidence derived from these in silico and in vitro systems to inform chemical hazard characterization. To illustrate this formulation, we have built an AOP for developmental toxicity through a mode of action linked to embryonic vascular disruption (Aop43). Here, we review the model for quantitative prediction of developmental vascular toxicity from ToxCast HTS data and compare the HTS results to functional vascular development assays in complex cell systems, virtual tissues, and small model organisms. ToxCast HTS predictions from several published and unpublished assays covering different aspects of the angiogenic cycle were generated for a test set of 38 chemicals representing a range of putative vascular disrupting compounds (pVDCs). Results boost confidence in the capacity to predict adverse developmental outcomes from HTS in vitro data and model computational dynamics for in silico reconstruction of developmental systems biology. Finally, we demonstrate the integration of the AOP and developmental systems toxicology to investigate the unique modes of action of two angiogenesis inhibitors.
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Bernardini C, Bertocchi M, Zannoni A, Salaroli R, Tubon I, Dothel G, Fernandez M, Bacci ML, Calzà L, Forni M. Constitutive and LPS-stimulated secretome of porcine Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells exerts effects on in vitro endothelial angiogenesis. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:123. [PMID: 31029157 PMCID: PMC6487069 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1873-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MSCs secretome is under investigation as an alternative to whole-cell-based therapies, since it is enriched of bioactive molecules: growth factors, cytokines and chemokines. Taking into account the translational value of the pig model, the leading aim of the present paper was to characterize the secretome of porcine Vascular Wall–Mesenchymal Stem Cells (pVW-MSCs) and its change in presence of LPS stimulation. Moreover, considering the importance of angiogenesis in regenerative mechanisms, we analysed the effect of pVW-MSCs secretome on in vitro angiogenesis. Results Our results demonstrated that conditioned medium from unstimulated pVW-MSCs contained high levels of IL-8, GM-CSF, IFN-γ and other immunomodulatory proteins: IL-6 IL-18 IL-4 IL-2 IL-10. LPS modulates pVW-MSCs gene expression and secretome composition, in particular a significant increase of IL-6 and IL-8 was observed; conversely, the amount of GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-18 showed a significant transient decrease with the LPS stimulation. Conditioned medium from unstimulated pVW-MSCs induced in vitro endothelial angiogenesis, which is more evident when the conditioned medium was from LPS stimulated pVW-MSCs. Conclusions The lines of evidence here presented shed a light on possible future application of secretome derived by pVW-MSCs on research studies in translational regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Martina Bertocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irvin Tubon
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,Escuela de Enfermeria, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad Regional Autónoma de Los Andes UNIANDES, Ambato, EC180150, Ecuador
| | - Giovanni Dothel
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mercedes Fernandez
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Calzà
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology - FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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Ronconi KDS, Stefanon I, Ribeiro Junior RF. Tributyltin and Vascular Dysfunction: The Role of Oxidative Stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:354. [PMID: 30050498 PMCID: PMC6052083 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The organotin compounds (OT) are used as fungicides, stabilizers in plastics, miticides, manufacturing and agricultural biocides, wood preservatives and antifouling agents. Tributyltin (TBT) is an OT that was first used for antifouling because it was the most effective agent to prevent undesirable accumulation of marine organisms on solid surfaces, such as ships' hulls or mechanical components, immersed in saltwater. TBT can be easily absorbed by mammals through ingestion, and its cytotoxic effects have become a major concern since their discovery in the 1970s. Recently, it has been demonstrated that TBT exposure is detrimental to the cardiovascular system. TBT is a membrane active substance and its action seems to depend on the OT lipophilicity. As a result, TBT crosses the cell membrane and damages the endothelium and the smooth muscle cells. TBT exposure induces vascular dysfunction, most likely due to endothelial dysfunction and morphological changes in the vascular wall. In an experimental rodent model, small doses of TBT (100 and 500 ng/kg/bw/day for 15 days) modified the vascular reactivity in aorta, mesenteric and coronary arteries followed by smooth muscle cell atrophy, increased collagen deposition and fibrin accumulation. TBT exposure increases oxidative stress by inducing vascular superoxide anion production derived from NADPH oxidase and decreases nitric oxide (NO) production as well as eNOS protein expression. The goal of this review is to summarize the current state of the art regarding the mechanisms involved in the vascular and endothelial dysfunction induced by TBT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivanita Stefanon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Rogerio F. Ribeiro Junior
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Rogerio F. Ribeiro Junior
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