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Seif-Eldein NA, Abu El Wafa SA, Mohammed EZ, Temraz A. Cymbopogon proximus phytochemicals induce S-phase arrest in A549 lung cancer cell lines via CDK2/cyclin A2 inhibition: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking analyses. Z NATURFORSCH C 2024; 0:znc-2024-0059. [PMID: 38780470 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cymbopogon proximus comprises several phytoconstituent classes that are reported to possess anticancer activity; however, studies on the anticancer potentials of the plant are lacking. C. proximus was extracted using solvents with increasing polarity. In-vitro cytotoxic activity of C. proximus extracts was examined against liver (HepG2), lung (A549), prostate (PC3), and bone (MG63) cell lines using MTT assay in comparison to doxorubicin. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle for identification of the phase of inhibition. Chemical composition of the most active fraction was examined using the GC/MS technique. Molecular docking was used to explore the mechanism of cytotoxicity against A549, and the results were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Petroleum ether fraction was the highly effective fraction against A549 with IC50 = 14.02 ± 2.79. GC/MS analysis of Pet.Eth led to the identification of nine compounds in unsaponifiable matter and 27 components in the saponifiable fraction. Di-N-octyl phthalate, 3-β-hydroxylean-11.13(18)-dien-30-oic acid methyl ester, elemol hydrocarbons, linoelaidic acid and linoleic acid demonstrated the lowest docking binding scores and similar binding modes against CDK2 as compared to that attained by the native ligand R-Roscovitine "CDK2 ATP inhibitor". Western blot analysis demonstrated that CDK2/cyclinA2 protein expression has been suppressed in A549 cell lines by Pet.Eth fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Seif-Eldein
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, 636749 Al Azhar University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Abu El Wafa
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, 636749 Al Azhar University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa Z Mohammed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, 110130 October 6 University , Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Abeer Temraz
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, 636749 Al Azhar University , Cairo, Egypt
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Liu F, Wang Y, Li D, Yang T. Atractylodin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice through reducing neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 390:578349. [PMID: 38669915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a psychiatric disorder associated with multiple factors including microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Although atractylodin exerted a variety of biological activities, however the effect of atractylodin on neuroinflammation-related depression was still unclear. In this study, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model was used to explore the antidepressant effects and molecular mechanisms of atractylodin. The results showed that atractylodin increased sugar preference, also reduced immobility time in FST and TST. Further study showed atractylodin reduced the oxidative stress and the activation of microglia in mouse hippocampus, also inhibited the level of cytokine release, especially IL-1β. The results of western blotting showed that atractylodin significantly inhibited the expression of NLRP3 and pro-IL1β via inhibition of NF-κB pathway. Our studies showed that atractylodin upregulated BDNF/Akt pathway in mouse hippocampus. Therefore, this study firstly indicated that atractylodin can ameliorate lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice through reducing neuroinflammation and neuronal damage, and its molecular mechanism may be associated with the decrease of the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and upregulation of BDNF/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Dongbo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi, China
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Gempo N, Yeshi K, Crayn D, Wangchuk P. Climate-Affected Australian Tropical Montane Cloud Forest Plants: Metabolomic Profiles, Isolated Phytochemicals, and Bioactivities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1024. [PMID: 38611553 PMCID: PMC11013060 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The Australian Wet Tropics World Heritage Area (WTWHA) in northeast Queensland is home to approximately 18 percent of the nation's total vascular plant species. Over the past century, human activity and industrial development have caused global climate changes, posing a severe and irreversible danger to the entire land-based ecosystem, and the WTWHA is no exception. The current average annual temperature of WTWHA in northeast Queensland is 24 °C. However, in the coming years (by 2030), the average annual temperature increase is estimated to be between 0.5 and 1.4 °C compared to the climate observed between 1986 and 2005. Looking further ahead to 2070, the anticipated temperature rise is projected to be between 1.0 and 3.2 °C, with the exact range depending on future emissions. We identified 84 plant species, endemic to tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) within the WTWHA, which are already experiencing climate change threats. Some of these plants are used in herbal medicines. This study comprehensively reviewed the metabolomics studies conducted on these 84 plant species until now toward understanding their physiological and metabolomics responses to global climate change. This review also discusses the following: (i) recent developments in plant metabolomics studies that can be applied to study and better understand the interactions of wet tropics plants with climatic stress, (ii) medicinal plants and isolated phytochemicals with structural diversity, and (iii) reported biological activities of crude extracts and isolated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngawang Gempo
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Nguma-bada Campus, McGregor Rd., Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (N.G.); (P.W.)
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Services (CPHMVS), James Cook University, Nguma-bada Campus, McGregor Rd., Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Karma Yeshi
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Nguma-bada Campus, McGregor Rd., Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (N.G.); (P.W.)
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Services (CPHMVS), James Cook University, Nguma-bada Campus, McGregor Rd., Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Darren Crayn
- Australian Tropical Herbarium (ATH), James Cook University, Nguma-bada Campus, McGregor Rd., Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia;
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Nguma-bada Campus, McGregor Rd., Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (N.G.); (P.W.)
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Services (CPHMVS), James Cook University, Nguma-bada Campus, McGregor Rd., Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
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Chen L, Zhang S, Wang Y, Sun H, Wang S, Wang D, Duan Y, Niu J, Wang Z. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome reveals the sesquiterpenoids and polyacetylenes biosynthesis regulation in Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127044. [PMID: 37742891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) is a perennial medicinal herb, with its dry rhizomes are rich in various sesquiterpenoids and polyacetylenes components (including atractylodin, atractylon and β-eudesmol). However, the contents of these compounds are various and germplasms specific, and the mechanisms of biosynthesis in A. lancea are still unknown. In this study, we identified the differentially expressed candidate genes and metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenoids and polyacetylenes, and speculated the anabolic pathways of these pharmaceutical components by transcriptome and metabolomic analysis. In the sesquiterpenoids biosynthesis, a total of 28 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 6 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified. The beta-Selinene is likely to play a role in the synthesis of atractylon and β-eudesmol. Additionally, the polyacetylenes biosynthesis showed the presence of 3 DEGs and 4 DEMs. Notably, some fatty acid desaturase (FAB2 and FAD2) significantly down-regulated in polyacetylenes biosynthesis. The gamma-Linolenic acid is likely involved in the biosynthesis of polyacetylenes and thus further synthesis of atractylodin. Overall, these studies have investigated the biosynthetic pathways of atractylodin, atractylon and β-eudesmol in A. lancea for the first time, and present potential new anchor points for further exploration of sesquiterpenoids and polyacetylenes compound biosynthesis pathways in A. lancea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China
| | - Shenfei Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China
| | - Donghao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhong Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China
| | - Junfeng Niu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhezhi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, The People's Republic of China.
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Tarasova EV, Luchnikova NA, Grishko VV, Ivshina IB. Actinomycetes as Producers of Biologically Active Terpenoids: Current Trends and Patents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:872. [PMID: 37375819 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenes and their derivatives (terpenoids and meroterpenoids, in particular) constitute the largest class of natural compounds, which have valuable biological activities and are promising therapeutic agents. The present review assesses the biosynthetic capabilities of actinomycetes to produce various terpene derivatives; reports the main methodological approaches to searching for new terpenes and their derivatives; identifies the most active terpene producers among actinomycetes; and describes the chemical diversity and biological properties of the obtained compounds. Among terpene derivatives isolated from actinomycetes, compounds with pronounced antifungal, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and other effects were determined. Actinomycete-produced terpenoids and meroterpenoids with high antimicrobial activity are of interest as a source of novel antibiotics effective against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Most of the discovered terpene derivatives are produced by the genus Streptomyces; however, recent publications have reported terpene biosynthesis by members of the genera Actinomadura, Allokutzneria, Amycolatopsis, Kitasatosporia, Micromonospora, Nocardiopsis, Salinispora, Verrucosispora, etc. It should be noted that the use of genetically modified actinomycetes is an effective tool for studying and regulating terpenes, as well as increasing productivity of terpene biosynthesis in comparison with native producers. The review includes research articles on terpene biosynthesis by Actinomycetes between 2000 and 2022, and a patent analysis in this area shows current trends and actual research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V Tarasova
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Natalia A Luchnikova
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Victoria V Grishko
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Irina B Ivshina
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
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Geographic Differentiation of Essential Oil from Rhizome of Cultivated Atractylodes lancea by Using GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052216. [PMID: 36903461 PMCID: PMC10004716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhizome of Atractylodes lancea (RAL) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) that has been applied in clinical settings for thousands of years. In the past two decades, cultivated RAL has gradually replaced wild RAL and become mainstream in clinical practice. The quality of CHM is significantly influenced by its geographical origin. To date, limited studies have compared the composition of cultivated RAL from different geographical origins. As essential oil is the primary active component of RAL, a strategy combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemical pattern recognition was first applied to compare the essential oil of RAL (RALO) from different regions in China. Total ion chromatography (TIC) revealed that RALO from different origins had a similar composition; however, the relative content of the main compounds varied significantly. In addition, 26 samples obtained from various regions were divided into three categories by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Combined with the geographical location and chemical composition analysis, the producing regions of RAL were classified into three areas. The main compounds of RALO vary depending on the production areas. Furthermore, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that there were significant differences in six compounds, including modephene, caryophyllene, γ-elemene, atractylon, hinesol, and atractylodin, between the three areas. Hinesol, atractylon, and β-eudesmol were selected as the potential markers for distinguishing different areas by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). In conclusion, by combining GC-MS with chemical pattern recognition analysis, this research has identified the chemical variations across various producing areas and developed an effective method for geographic origin tracking of cultivated RAL based on essential oils.
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Zhang T, Li SM, Li YN, Cao JL, Xue H, Wang C, Jin CH. Atractylodin Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits the Migration of A549 Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating ROS-Mediated Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092946. [PMID: 35566297 PMCID: PMC9103034 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atractylodin (ATR) has anticancer effects on some tumor cells by inducing apoptosis, but its mechanism in lung cancer remains unclear. This study investigates the inhibitory effect of ATR on A549 lung cancer cells. Cell viability was detected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and results showed that ATR could significantly inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, and apoptosis rate and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry. Results showed that the effect of ATR on the apoptosis of A549 cells was negatively correlated with the change in mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis showed that ATR regulated apoptosis induced by mitogen-activated protein kinase, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways. Analyses of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell cycle, and cell migration showed that ATR induced intracellular ROS accumulation as an initiation signal to induce cell cycle arrest regulated by the AKT signaling pathway and cell migration inhibition regulated by the Wnt signaling pathway. Results showed that ATR can inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell apoptosis, induce cell cycle arrest, and inhibit the migration of A549 cells (p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-N.L.); (J.-L.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Shu-Mei Li
- Hemodialysis Center, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing 163001, China;
| | - Yan-Nan Li
- College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-N.L.); (J.-L.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Jing-Long Cao
- College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-N.L.); (J.-L.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Hui Xue
- College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-N.L.); (J.-L.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Chang Wang
- College of Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Correspondence: (C.W.); (C.-H.J.)
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-N.L.); (J.-L.C.); (H.X.)
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing 163319, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Correspondence: (C.W.); (C.-H.J.)
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Oxidative Stress and AKT-Associated Angiogenesis in a Zebrafish Model and Its Potential Application for Withanolides. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060961. [PMID: 35326412 PMCID: PMC8946239 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and the AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway are essential regulators in cellular migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. More than 300 withanolides were discovered from the plant family Solanaceae, exhibiting diverse functions. Notably, the relationship between oxidative stress, AKT signaling, and angiogenesis in withanolide treatments lacks comprehensive understanding. Here, we summarize connecting evidence related to oxidative stress, AKT signaling, and angiogenesis in the zebrafish model. A convenient vertebrate model monitored the in vivo effects of developmental and tumor xenograft angiogenesis using zebrafish embryos. The oxidative stress and AKT-signaling-modulating abilities of withanolides were highlighted in cancer treatments, which indicated that further assessments of their angiogenesis-modulating potential are necessary in the future. Moreover, targeting AKT for inhibiting AKT and its AKT signaling shows the potential for anti-migration and anti-angiogenesis purposes for future application to withanolides. This particularly holds for investigating the anti-angiogenetic effects mediated by the oxidative stress and AKT signaling pathways in withanolide-based cancer therapy in the future.
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