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Xing M, Wang X, Kiken RA, He L, Zhang JY. Immunodiagnostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): The First Step in Detection and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6139. [PMID: 34200243 PMCID: PMC8201127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exerts huge effects on the health burden of the world because of its high mortality and poor prognosis. HCC is often clinically detected late in patients. If HCC could be detected and treated earlier, the survival rate of patients will be greatly improved. Therefore, identifying specific biomarkers is urgent and important for HCC. The liver is also recognized as an immune organ. The occurrence of HCC is related to exacerbation of immune tolerance and/or immunosurveillance escape. The host immune system plays an important role in the recognition and targeting of tumor cells in cancer immunotherapy, as can be seen from the clinical success of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Thus, there is a pressing medical need to discover immunodiagnostic biomarkers specific to HCC for understanding the pathological mechanisms of HCC, especially for immunotherapy targets. We have reviewed the existing literature to summarize the immunodiagnostic markers of HCC, including autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and exosomes, to provide new insights into HCC and early detection of this deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtao Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Robert A. Kiken
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
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Kim YR, Kim KU, Lee JH, Kim DW, Chung JH, Kim YD, Shin DH, Lee MK, Shin YI, Lee SY. Cancer Testis Antigen, NOL4, Is an Immunogenic Antigen Specifically Expressed in Small-Cell Lung Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:1927-1937. [PMID: 34065612 PMCID: PMC8161805 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To identify cancer/testis (CT) antigens and immunogenic proteins, immunoscreening of testicular and small-cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H889 cDNA libraries was performed using serum obtained from a small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patient. We obtained 113 positive cDNA clones comprised of 74 different genes, designated KP-SCLC-1 through KP-SCLC-74. Of these genes, 59 genes were found to be related to cancers by EMBASE analysis. Three of these antigens, including KP-SCLC-29 (NOL4), KP-SCLC-59 (CCDC83), and KP-SCLC-69 (KIF20B), were CT antigens. RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that NOL4 was frequently present in small-cell lung cancer cell lines (8/9, 8/9). In addition, NOL4 mRNA was weakly, or at a low frequency, or not detected in various cancer cell lines. Our results reveal that NOL4 was expressed at protein levels in small-cell lung cancer tissues (10/10) but not detected in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical analysis. Serological response to NOL4 was also evaluated by western blot assay using NOL4 recombinant protein. A humoral response against NOL4 proteins was detected in 75% (33/44) of small-cell lung cancer patients and in 65% (13/20) of healthy donors by a serological western blot assay. These data suggest that NOL4 is a specific target that may be useful for diagnosis and immunotherapy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (D.-W.K.)
| | - Ki-Uk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea; (K.-U.K.); (M.-K.L.)
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (J.-H.L.); (D.-H.S.)
| | - Deok-Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (D.-W.K.)
| | - Jae-Heun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Yeong-Dae Kim
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea;
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (J.-H.L.); (D.-H.S.)
| | - Min-Ki Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea; (K.-U.K.); (M.-K.L.)
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Sang-Yull Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (D.-W.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8084
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Zheng SX, Xiang BD, Long JM, Qu C, Mo ZJ, Li K, Zhuang Y, Lv ZL, Zhou SF. Diagnostic Value of Serum SMP30 and Anti-SMP30 Antibody in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Lab Med 2018; 49:203-210. [PMID: 29562243 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) and anti-SMP30 antibody in serum. Methods We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to analytically validate serum levels of SMP30 and anti-SMP30 antibody in 143 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), compared with those levels in serum from 137 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH), 51 with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 165 healthy control individuals. Results The positivity rate of SMP30 in the HCC group (8.39%) was significantly higher than that rate in the CH group (.73%) and in the healthy control group (1.21%). The positivity rate for anti-SMP30 antibody in patients with HCC was 25.87%, that in the CH group was 4.38%, and that in the LC group was 3.92%. Conclusion Anti-SMP30 antibody levels can be used as a biomarker for diagnosing HCC; marked results have been observed for patients with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negativity, in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Xin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bang-De Xiang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jia-Min Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Cong Qu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Jing Mo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Lue Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Su-Fang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molocular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Hoshino I, Nagata M, Takiguchi N, Nabeya Y, Ikeda A, Yokoi S, Kuwajima A, Tagawa M, Matsushita K, Satoshi Y, Hideaki S. Panel of autoantibodies against multiple tumor-associated antigens for detecting gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:308-315. [PMID: 28064445 PMCID: PMC5378227 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the world, and effective diagnosis is extremely important for good outcome. We assessed the diagnostic potential of an autoantibody panel that may provide a novel tool for the early detection of gastric cancer. We analyzed data from patients with gastric cancer and normal controls in test and validation cohorts. Autoantibody levels were measured against a panel of six tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) by ELISA: p53, heat shock protein 70, HCC‐22‐5, peroxiredoxin VI, KM‐HN‐1, and p90 TAA. We assessed serum autoantibodies in 100 participants in the test cohort. The validation cohort comprised 248 participants. Autoantibodies to at least one of the six antigens showed a sensitivity/specificity of 49.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39.2–58.8%)/92.4% (95% CI, 87.2–97.6%), and 52.0% (95% CI, 42.2–61.8%)/90.5% (95% CI, 84.8–96.3%) in the test and validation cohorts, respectively. In the validation cohort, no significant differences were seen when patients were subdivided based on age, sex, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, or TNM stage. Patients who were positive for more than two antibodies in the panel tended to have a worse prognosis than those who were positive for one or no antibody. Measurement of autoantibody response to multiple TAAs in an optimized panel assay to discriminate patients with early stage gastric cancer from normal controls may aid in the early detection of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isamu Hoshino
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Matsuo Nagata
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takiguchi
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nabeya
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sana Yokoi
- Division of Chemotherapy and Cancer Diagnosis, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuwajima
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tagawa
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yajima Satoshi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shimada Hideaki
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
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Mo Z, Zheng S, Lv Z, Zhuang Y, Lan X, Wang F, Lu X, Zhao Y, Zhou S. Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) serves as a potential prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39376. [PMID: 27991558 PMCID: PMC5171839 DOI: 10.1038/srep39376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) has been identified as a tumor-related molecule of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its clinical significance and underlying mechanisms in HCC tissues, however, remain largely unexplored. We have demonstrated a preferentially expressed SMP30 in normal liver using a tissue microarray. By employing real-time quantitative PCR, two tissue microarrays and Oncomine database analysis, we have also shown that the SMP30 in HCC tissues has significantly reduced when compared with that in paired adjacent non-tumor tissues (P = 0.0037). The reduced expression of SMP30 is very noticeably related to larger tumor size (P = 0.012), enhanced TNM (P = 0.009) and worse survival (P < 0.0001) in HCC patients. The analyses using Cox regression have indicated that the decreased SMP30 expression is an independent risk to the reduced overall survival rate of HCC patients (P = 0.001), and the down-regulation of SMP30 in HCC might be mediated by DNA methylation. Moreover, genes co-expressed with SMP30 may affect the prognosis through apoptotic process, biological adhesion and blood coagulation by PANTHER analyses. Our studies have indicated that the SMP30 may serve as a candidate of HCC clinical prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Mo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shunxin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhilue Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiuwan Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Sufang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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Hong Y, Huang J. Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:1581-1585. [PMID: 26085917 PMCID: PMC4462696 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i11.1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide. The survival rate after the onset of symptoms is generally less than one year for the late presentation of HCC, and reliable tools for early diagnosis are lacking. Therefore, novel biomarkers for the early detection of HCC are urgently required. Recent studies show that the abnormal release of proteins by tumor cells can elicit humoral immune responses to self-antigens called tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The corresponding autoantibodies can be detected before the clinical diagnosis of cancer. Therefore, there is growing interest in using serum autoantibodies as cancer biomarkers. In this review, we focus on the advances in research on autoantibodies against TAAs as serum biomarker for detection of HCC, the mechanism of the production of TAAs, and the association of autoantibodies with patients’ clinical characteristics.
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Li JP, Cao NX, Jiang RT, He SJ, Huang TM, Wu B, Chen DF, Ma P, Chen L, Zhou SF, Xie XX, Luo GR. Knockdown of GCF2/LRRFIP1 by RNAi Causes Cell Growth Inhibition and Increased Apoptosis in Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:2753-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.6.2753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Werner S, Chen H, Tao S, Brenner H. Systematic review: serum autoantibodies in the early detection of gastric cancer. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:2243-52. [PMID: 24615018 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies against tumor-associated antigens have been found in serum of patients with various types of cancers and may serve as biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer as well. This systematic review aims to give an overview about known autoantibodies and their diagnostic value in gastric cancer. We conducted a systematic literature search in two databases to identify studies which performed serological testing for autoantibodies in gastric cancer patients and controls. Data on study characteristics and results were extracted independently by two reviewers. Overall, 39 articles reporting the detection of 34 different autoantibodies met the inclusion criteria for this review. The most common antibody detection method was enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the most frequently assessed autoantibody was anti-p53, which was tested in 13 studies. Most antibodies were assessed in only one study and only few authors have evaluated the diagnostic value of combinations of multiple autoantibodies. For single autoantibodies, specificity was generally very high (median: 99.15%), but sensitivity was mostly rather low (median: 12.35%). For some autoantibody combinations, substantially higher sensitivity at reasonably high levels of specificity could be achieved. Development of extended and optimized multimarker panels of autoantibodies might be a promising approach for gastric cancer early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Werner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Zhang SC, Huang P, Zhao YX, Liu SY, He SJ, Xie XX, Luo GR, Zhou SF. Soluble expression of recombinant human SMP30 for detecting serum SMP30 antibody levels in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:2383-6. [PMID: 23725145 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated antigen, was earlier shown by our research group to be highly expressed in HCC paracancerous tissues, but have low levels in HCC tissues. In order to detect anti-SMP30 antibody in serum of HCC patients, we established pET30a-SMP30 and pColdIII-SMP30 expression systems in Escherichia coli. However, the expression product was mainly in the form of inclusion bodies. In this research, we used several combinations of chaperones, four molecular chaperone plasmids with pET30a-SMP30 and five molecular chaperone plasmids with pColdIII-SMP30 to increase the amount of soluble protein. Results showed that co-expression of HIS-SMP30 with pTf16, combined with the addition of osmosis-regulator, and a two-step expression resulted in the highest enhancement of solubility. A total of 175 cases of HCC serum were studied by ELISA to detect anti- SMP30 antibody with recombinant SMP30 protein. Some 22 were positive and x2 two-sided tests all showed P>0.05, although it remained unclear whether there was a relationship between positive cases and clinical diagnostic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chang Zhang
- School of Pre-clinical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Zaenker P, Ziman MR. Serologic autoantibodies as diagnostic cancer biomarkers--a review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:2161-81. [PMID: 24057574 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current diagnostic techniques used for the early detection of cancers are successful but subject to detection bias. A recent focus lies in the development of more accurate diagnostic tools. An increase in serologic autoantibody levels has been shown to precede the development of cancer disease symptoms. Therefore, autoantibody levels in patient blood serum have been proposed as diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage diagnosis of cancers. Their clinical application has, however, been hindered by low sensitivity, specificity, and low predictive value scores. These scores have been shown to improve when panels of multiple diagnostic autoantibody biomarkers are used. A five-marker biomarker panel has been shown to increase the sensitivity of prostate cancer diagnosis to 95% as compared with 12.2% for prostate-specific antigen alone. New potential biomarker panels were also discovered for lung, colon, and stomach cancer diagnosis with sensitivity of 76%, 65.4%, and 50.8%, respectively. Studies in breast and liver cancer, however, seem to favor single markers, namely α-2-HS-glycoprotein and des-γ-carboxyprothrombin with sensitivities of 79% and 89% for the early detection of the cancers. The aim of this review is to discuss the relevance of autoantibodies in cancer diagnosis and to outline the current methodologies used in the detection of autoantibodies. The review concludes with a discussion of the autoantibodies currently used in the diagnosis of cancers of the prostate, breast, lung, colon, stomach, and liver. A discussion of the potential future use of autoantibodies as diagnostic cancer biomarkers is also included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Zaenker
- Authors' Affiliations: School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Knockdown of OY-TES-1 by RNAi causes cell cycle arrest and migration decrease in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2012; 36:917-22. [DOI: 10.1042/cbi20120037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zhou SF, Mo FR, Bin YH, Hou GQ, Xie XX, Luo GR. Serum immunoreactivity of SMP30 and its tissues expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Biochem 2010; 44:331-6. [PMID: 21047503 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To detect serum antibody against SMP30 in HCC patients and to evaluate its potential associations with HCC patient's clinical parameter and expression levels in HCC tissues. DESIGN AND METHODS Serum antibody to SMP30 was tested by ELISA method; SMP30 mRNA and protein expression in HCC patients were analyzed using the methods of in situ nucleic acid hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS The highest relevance of SMP30 antibody was associated with HCC (32.4%). The positive rate of SMP30 antibody was not related to the age of patients, tumor size, metastasis and infections of HBV, but the positive rate for SMP30 antibody in the HCC sera with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative was higher (43.6%) compared with that AFP positive (26.2%). Both SMP30 mRNA and protein expression levels were downregulated in HCC and upregulated in adjacent tissues. CONCLUSIONS SMP30 may be useful for HCC serologic screening, especially for the patients with AFP negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Fang Zhou
- The School of Pre-clinical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China.
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Tan HT, Low J, Lim SG, Chung MCM. Serum autoantibodies as biomarkers for early cancer detection. FEBS J 2009; 276:6880-904. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07396.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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