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Chang SH, Pai PY, Hsu CH, Marthandam Asokan S, Tsai BCK, Weng WT, Kuo WW, Shih TC, Kao HC, Chen WST, Huang CY. Estimating the impact of drug addiction causes heart damage. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:1044-1050. [PMID: 36216784 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2122984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To date, few studies have investigated the toxicological effects of the combined use of amphetamine and heroin in the heart. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify indicators for clinical evaluation and prevention of cardiac injury induced by the combined use of amphetamine and heroin. Four different groups were analyzed: (1) normal group (n=25;average age=35 ± 6.8); (2) heart disease group (n=25;average age=58 ± 17.2); (3) drug abusers (n = 27; average age = 37 ± 7.7); (4) drug abstainers (previous amphetamine-heroin users who had been drug-free for more than two weeks; n = 22; average age = 35 ± 5.6). The activity of MMPs, and levels of TNF-α, IL-6, GH, IGF-I, and several serum biomarkers were examined to evaluate the impact of drug abuse on the heart. The selected plasma biomarkers and classic cardiac biomarkers were significantly increased compared to the normal group. The zymography data showed the changes in cardiac-remodeling enzymes MMP-9 and MMP-2 among combined users of amphetamine and heroin. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 only increased in the heart disease group. Growth hormone was increased; however, IGF-I level decreased with drug abuse and the level was not restored by abstinence. We speculated that the amphetamine-heroin users might pose risk to initiate heart disease even though the users abstained for more than two weeks. The activity change of MMP-9 and MMP-2 can be a direct reason affecting heart function. The indirect reason may be related to liver damage by drug abuse reduce IGF-1 production to protect heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Huang Chang
- Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hung Hsu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shibu Marthandam Asokan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsan Weng
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Shih
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chuan Kao
- Department of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - William Shao-Tsu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Human Development and Psychology, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Deep sequencing unveils altered cardiac miRNome in congenital heart disease. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1123-1139. [PMID: 35668131 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) surges from fetal cardiac dysmorphogenesis and chiefly contributes to perinatal morbidity and cardiovascular disease mortality. A continual rise in prevalence and prerequisite postoperative disease management creates need for better understanding and new strategies to control the disease. The interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors roots the multifactorial status of this disease, which remains incompletely explored. The small non-coding microRNAs (miRs, miRNAs) regulate several biological processes via post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Abnormal expression of miRs in developing and adult heart is associated with anomalous cardiac cell differentiation, cardiac dysfunction, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we attempt to discover the changes in cardiac miRNA transcriptome in CHD patients over those without CHD (non-CHD) and find its role in CHD through functional annotation. This study explores the miRNome in three most commonly occurring CHD subtypes, namely atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and tetralogy of fallot (TOF). We found 295 dysregulated miRNAs through high-throughput sequencing of the cardiac tissues. The bioinformatically predicted targets of these differentially expressed miRs were functionally annotated to know they were entailed in cell signal regulatory pathways, profoundly responsible for cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, migration and cell cycle regulation. Selective miRs (hsa-miR-221-3p, hsa-miR-218-5p, hsa-miR-873-5p) whose expression was validated by qRT-PCR, have been reported for cardiogenesis, cardiomyocyte proliferation, cardioprotection and cardiac dysfunction. These results indicate that the altered miRNome to be responsible for the disease status in CHD patients. Our data expand the existing knowledge on the epigenetic changes in CHD. In future, characterization of these cardiac-specific miRs will add huge potential to understand cardiac development, function, and molecular pathogenesis of heart diseases with a prospect of epigenetic manipulation for cardiac repair.
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Ting WJ, Huang CY, Jiang CH, Lin YM, Chung LC, Shen CY, Pai P, Lin KH, Viswanadha VP, Liao SC. Treatment with 17β-Estradiol Reduced Body Weight and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Animal Model of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030629. [PMID: 28335423 PMCID: PMC5372642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) play important roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Recently, these estrogen receptors were reconsidered as an important treatment target of obesity leading to CVD. In this study, 17β-estradiol (17β-E) replacement therapy applied to high-fat diet-induced obese C57B male mice and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were evaluated, and the protective effects against high-fat diet-induced obesity were assessed in C57B mouse hearts. The results showed that 17β-E treatment activated both ERα and ERβ, and ERβ levels increased in a dose-dependent manner in high-fat diet C57B mouse cardiomyocytes following 17β-E treatment. Notably, an almost 16% reduction in body weight was observed in the 17β-E-treated (12 μg/kg/day for 60 days) high-fat diet-induced obese C57B male mice. These results suggested that 17β-E supplements may reduce CVD risk due to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Ting
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, B24 Yinquan South Road, Qingyuan 511518, China.
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, 500 Lioufeng Road, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Chong-He Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, B24 Yinquan South Road, Qingyuan 511518, China.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, 79-9 Sha-Luen Hu, Hou-Loung Town, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Chin Chung
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, China Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, 60, Section 1, Erren Road, Rende District, Tainan 71710, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, 23 Pingguang Road, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
| | - Peiying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | | | - Shih-Chieh Liao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Wang S, Zhou Y, Seavey CN, Singh AK, Xu X, Hunt T, Hoyt RF, Horvath KA. Rapid and dynamic alterations of gene expression profiles of adult porcine bone marrow-derived stem cell in response to hypoxia. Stem Cell Res 2010; 4:117-28. [PMID: 20172499 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to identify the gene expression patterns of porcine bone marrow-derived MSC in response to hypoxia and to investigate novel specific hypoxic targets that may have a role in determining MSC proliferation/survival and differentiation. MSC from 15 animals were incubated in 1% oxygen and 8% carbon dioxide for 6, 12, and 24 h. RNA samples were isolated and assayed with Affymetrix porcine arrays and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Significant gene expression levels among the four groups of normoxia, 6-, 12-, and 24-h hypoxia were identified. The pattern in the 12-h hypoxia group was similar to that of the 24-h group. Of 23,924 probes, 377 and 210 genes were regulated in the 6- and 24-h hypoxia groups, respectively. Functional classification of the hypoxic regulated genes was mainly clustered in cell proliferation and response to stress. However, the major upregulated genes in the 6-h group were activated in cell cycle phases; the genes in the 24-h hypoxia were evenly separated into cell differentiation, apoptosis, and cellular metabolic processes. Twenty-eight genes were upregulated in all hypoxia groups; these genes are considered as hypoxic targets. Our results identified a genome-wide hypoxia-induced gene expression pattern in porcine MSC. This study provides a global view of molecular events in the cells during exposure to hypoxia and revealed a set of novel candidate hypoxic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Wang
- Cellular Biology Section, Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Program, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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