Association of estrogen receptor-alpha gene polymorphisms with cardiac autonomic nervous activity in healthy young Japanese males

A study for association and interaction analysis to metabolic syndrome and the ESR1 gene on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in a Chinese Han population

BACKGROUND

The aim of this study was to investigate the association and interaction of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and estrogen receptor alpha 1 (ESR1) gene polymorphisms on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN).

METHODS

A large-scale, population-based study was conducted to analyze the interaction of MetS and ESR1 gene polymorphisms to CAN, including a total of 1977 Chinese subjects. The most common studied single nucleotide polymorphism of ESR1 gene-rs9340799, was genotyped. Multiple logistic regression (MLR) was performed to evaluate the interaction effect of environmental variables and gene polymorphisms. Interaction on an additive scale can be calculated by using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), the proportion attributable to interaction (AP), and the synergy index (S).

RESULTS

After controlling potential confounders, MLR showed that significant association between MetS and CAN (p < 0.001). Interestingly, we found that the participants with MetS bearing the minor allele G had an increased CAN prevalence comparing those with allele A (p = 0.045), and a positive interaction was estimated by using RETI = 0.396 (95 % CI 0.262 to 0.598), AP = 0.216 (95 % CI -0.784 to 1.216) and S = 1.906 (95 % CI 0.905 to 4.015).

CONCLUSION

The present findings suggest that MetS is significantly associated with CAN and provide evidence for the hypothesis that MetS and ESR1 gene polymorphism (rs9340799) have interactive effects on CAN. ClinicalTrials gov Identifier NCT02461342.

Grade of inflammation in boys with type 1 diabetes depends on the IVS1 -397T>C estrogen receptor α polymorphism

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

The effect of estrogens is mediated by activation of estrogen receptors (ERs), which are expressed in many tissues. Because ER-α gene polymorphisms may exert different effects in childhood, in the present study we analyzed associations between the IVS1 -397T>C polymorphism and indicators of inflammatory response as well as late complications in boys with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1).

METHODS AND RESULTS

We examined 108 young boys with DM1 and 64 healthy age-matched control individuals. ER-α genotyping, as well as the CRP and IL-6 serum level and blood pressure, was analyzed. In our study boys with CC genotype had lower blood pressure and IL-6 and CRP serum levels. Similar results were obtained for DM1 boys with microvascular complications - the blood pressure and serum level of IL-6, but not CRP, were still lower in the CC patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that the presence of -397T allele may indicate macro- and microvascular complications in DM1 boys, before the occurrence of first clinical symptoms.

Lack of association of estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms with cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables in young women

This study examined the association of estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) polymorphisms with cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters in young women. In total, 354 healthy women were selected for cardiopulmonary exercise testing and short-term heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) evaluation. The HRV analysis was determined by the temporal indices rMSSD (square root of the mean squared differences of successive R–R intervals (RRi) divided by the number of RRi minus one), SDNN (root mean square of differences from mean RRi, divided by the number of RRi) and power spectrum components by low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and LF/HF ratio. Blood samples were obtained for serum lipids, estradiol and DNA extraction. ESR1 rs2234693 and rs9340799 polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR and fragment restriction analysis. HR and oxygen uptake (VO₂) values did not differ between the ESR1 polymorphisms with respect to autonomic modulation. We not find a relationship between ESR1 T–A, T–G, C–A and C–G haplotypes and cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that VO₂, total cholesterol and triglycerides influence HRV (p < 0.05). The results suggest that ESR1 variants have no effect on cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables, while HRV indices are influenced by aerobic capacity and lipids in healthy women.

Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose in male subjects

The PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor α (ER1) gene have been variably associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in several populations. However, this association has not been studied in Iranian subjects and we hypothesized that the ER1 variants might be associated with T2D and related metabolic traits in this population. The PvuII and XbaI genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP in 377 normoglycemic controls and 155 T2D patients. Bonferroni correction was applied for the correction of multiple testing. No significant association was found between the allele and genotype frequencies of PvuII and XbaI variants with T2D in females. In a dominant model (PP vs. Pp+pp), the frequency of the Pp+pp genotype was higher in normoglycemic subjects compared to T2D patients [85.5% vs. 66.7%, OR 0.22 (0.08-0.55), P=0.001]. Four possible haplotypes were observed in the population, whereas haplotype TA had a higher frequency in male T2D subjects than the controls. Furthermore, non-diabetic male subjects carrying the genotype of PP had a higher fasting glucose levels than the individuals with the genotype of Pp+pp (P=0.013). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PvuII polymorphism was the independent determinants of T2D in males [OR 4.37 (1.61-11.86), P=0.004]. No association was found between the XbaI polymorphism and diabetes in male group. Our results suggest that the ER1 polymorphisms might associate with T2D and fasting glucose among Iranian male subjects.