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Wang J, Li X, Han X, Yang K, Liu B, Li Y, Peipei Wu, Xuezhen Liu, Kuai Yu, Xiayun Dai, Yuan J, Yao P, Zhang X, Huan Guo, Youjie Wang, Weihong Chen, Sheng Wei, Miao X, Xinwen Min, Liang Y, Handong Yang, Hu FB, Tangchun Wu, He M. Serum creatinine levels and risk of metabolic syndrome in a middle-aged and older Chinese population. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 440:177-82. [PMID: 25476134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) persistently increased. Several studies have found serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations related to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between SCr concentrations and MetS is unknown. METHODS We measured SCr concentrations and MetS in 22363 individuals (10,151 males, 12,212 females) from the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort in Shiyan, China from 2008 to 2009. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 30.6% in the study population. In the multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses, higher SCr concentrations were associated with a higher risk of MetS (P trend<0.0001). Compared with the lowest extreme quintiles, subjects with the highest quintiles had 1.34 fold risk of MetS (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-1.47). The SCr concentrations were also associated with the individual component of MetS. In addition, higher SCr concentrations were associated with higher risk of MetS with more components. CONCLUSIONS There is a graded positive association between the SCr concentrations and MetS risk in a middle aged and older Chinese population. Higher SCr concentrations, even within normal ranges, were associated with higher risk of MetS. The SCr might be a useful indicator of MetS and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiulou Li
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Han
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaru Li
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhen Liu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiayun Dai
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinwen Min
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meian He
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Abstract
Changes in renal function are one of the most common manifestations of severe illness. There is a clinical need to intervene early with proven treatments in patients with potentially deleterious changes in renal function. Unfortunately progress has been hindered by poor definitions of renal dysfunction and a lack of early biomarkers of renal injury. In recent years, the definitional problem has been addressed with the establishment of a new well-defined diagnostic entity, acute kidney injury (AKI), which encompasses the wide spectrum of kidney dysfunction, together with clearer definition and sub-classification of the cardio-renal syndromes. From the laboratory have emerged new biomarkers which allow early detection of AKI, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C. This review describes the new concepts of AKI and the cardio-renal syndromes as well as novel biomarkers which allow early detection of AKI. Panels of AKI biomarker tests are likely to revolutionise the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients in the coming years. Earlier diagnosis and intervention should significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with acute kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hawkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore.
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