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Fleszar MG, Wiśniewski J, Berdowska I, Zieliński B, Zboch M, Diakowska D, Gamian A, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Systemic hepcidin quantified with LC-MS/MS in dementia in association with disease pathology and severity and with structural changes in the brain. Peptides 2019; 122:170169. [PMID: 31563540 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepcidin is a peptide hormone regulating iron metabolism, the dyshomeostasis of which has been implicated in dementia. Yet, data on hepcidin status in dementia are scanty, limited to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and inconsistent due to methodological problems with its determination using immunoassays and/or lack of homogeneity of evaluated groups. Hepcidin association with vascular dementia (VaD) remains unknown. We proposed a mass spectrometry method of hepcidin quantification in sera and aimed at determining hepcidin systemic status in patients with dementia of AD, VaD, or mixed (MD) pathology, with reference to the degree of cognitive loss and structural changes in the brain as well as at evaluating the diagnostic potential of hepcidin as a biomarker. We found that hepcidin concentrations were significantly elevated in VaD and insignificantly so in AD or MD and that they positively correlated with the Clinical Dementia Rating and inversely with the Mini Mental State Examination. Hepcidin tended to be more pronouncedly elevated in patients with advanced cortical atrophy and white matter lesions. It displayed a biphasic relationship with the Hachinski Ischemic Scale and a good accuracy as dementia but not differential marker. Taken together, our results demonstrated that dementia of vascular and not neurodegenerative pathology is associated with significant elevation of systemic hepcidin. Hepcidin elevation reflects the degree of cognitive loss as well as the severity of structural changes in the brain. If confirmed in a prospective study, hepcidin quantification may hold promise as a diagnostic marker; its accuracy as a differential marker of VaD is insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz G Fleszar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; Łukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center For Technology Development, ul. Stablowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Berdowska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bogdan Zieliński
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Zboch
- Alzheimer Center, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Jana Pawla II 12, 59-330 Scinawa, Poland
| | - Dorota Diakowska
- Division of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Bartla 5, 51-61 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Moghieb A, Tesfay L, Nie S, Gritsenko M, Fillmore TL, Jacobs JM, Smith RD, Torti FM, Torti SV, Shi T, Ansong C. A Targeted Mass Spectrometric Assay for Reliable Sensitive Hepcidin Quantification. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7264. [PMID: 31086210 PMCID: PMC6513854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin, a cysteine-rich peptide hormone, secreted mainly by the liver, plays a central role in iron metabolism regulation. Emerging evidence suggests that disordered iron metabolism is a risk factor for various types of diseases including cancers. However, it remains challenging to apply current mass spectrometry (MS)-based hepcidin assays for precise quantification due to the low fragmentation efficiency of intact hepcidin as well as synthesis difficulties for the intact hepcidin standard. To address these issues we recently developed a reliable sensitive targeted MS assay for hepcidin quantification from clinical samples that uses fully alkylated rather than intact hepcidin as the internal standard. Limits of detection and quantification were determined to be <0.5 ng/mL and 1 ng/mL, respectively. Application of the alkylated hepcidin assay to 70 clinical plasma samples (42 non-cancerous and 28 ovarian cancer patient samples) enabled reliable detection of endogenous hepcidin from the plasma samples, as well as conditioned culture media. The hepcidin concentrations ranged from 0.0 to 95.6 ng/mL across non-cancerous and cancer plasma specimens. Interestingly, cancer patients were found to have significantly higher hepcidin concentrations compared to non-cancerous patients (mean: 20.6 ng/ml for cancer; 5.94 ng/ml for non-cancerous) (p value < 0.001). Our results represent the first application of the alkylated hepcidin assay to clinical samples and demonstrate that the developed assay has better sensitivity and quantification accuracy than current MS-based hepcidin assays without the challenges in synthesis of intact hepcidin standard and accurately determining its absolute amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Moghieb
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Lia Tesfay
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Song Nie
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Marina Gritsenko
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Thomas L Fillmore
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jon M Jacobs
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Richard D Smith
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Suzy V Torti
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Tujin Shi
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
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3
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Baseline hepcidin measurement in the differential diagnosis of anaemia for elderly patients and its correlation with the increment of transferrin saturation following an oral iron absorption test. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 57:250-258. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Anaemia is often multifactorial in the elderly, with a frequent association between iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and anaemia of chronic disease (ACD). The primary objective of our study was to investigate whether baseline hepcidin measurement could be useful for identifying iron deficiency (ID) in anaemic elderly patients. The secondary objective was to assess whether baseline hepcidin concentrations correlated with the relative increase of transferrin saturation (TS) after an oral iron absorption test (OIAT).
Methods
Blood samples were collected between 7:30 am and 10:00 am in 328 geriatric outpatients, 102 underwent the OIAT. Types of anaemia were classified according biochemical and clinical criteria. TS and hepcidin were measured at baseline and 4 h after the iron dose. The ability of baseline hepcidin measurement to highlight ID in elderly anaemic patients was assessed using a receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. Correlations between baseline hepcidin levels and the increment of TS following the OIAT were investigated using the Spearman coefficient.
Results
Among 328 included patients, 78 (23.8%) suffered from anaemia; 13 (4.0%), 19 (5.8%), 27 (8.2%) and 19 (5.8%) patients fulfilled criteria for IDA, IDA/ACD, ACD and unexplained anaemia, respectively. By multivariable analysis, creatinine, C-reactive protein, ferritin, Delta TS and Delta hepcidin were independently associated with baseline hepcidin concentrations. The area under the ROC curve (95% confidence interval) was 0.900 (0.830–0.970) for baseline hepcidin measurement. Baseline hepcidin levels correlated negatively with the relative increase in TS with a Spearman coefficient of −0.742.
Conclusions
Baseline hepcidin levels could be a useful tool to identify ID in anaemic elderly patients and may predict acute iron response following OIAT.
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Vialaret J, Picas A, Delaby C, Bros P, Lehmann S, Hirtz C. Nano-flow vs standard-flow: Which is the more suitable LC/MS method for quantifying hepcidin-25 in human serum in routine clinical settings? J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1086:110-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Schmitz EM, Leijten NM, van Dongen JL, Broeren MA, Milroy LG, Brunsveld L, Scharnhorst V, van de Kerkhof D. Optimizing charge state distribution is a prerequisite for accurate protein biomarker quantification with LC-MS/MS, as illustrated by hepcidin measurement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 56:1490-1497. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Targeted quantification of protein biomarkers with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has great potential, but is still in its infancy. Therefore, we elucidated the influence of charge state distribution and matrix effects on accurate quantification, illustrated by the peptide hormone hepcidin.
Methods:
An LC-MS/MS assay for hepcidin, developed based on existing literature, was improved by using 5 mM ammonium formate buffer as mobile phase A and as an elution solution for solid phase extraction (SPE) to optimize the charge state distribution. After extensive analytical validation, focusing on interference and matrix effects, the clinical consequence of this method adjustment was studied by performing receiving operating characteristic (ROC)-curve analysis in patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA, n=44), anemia of chronic disease (ACD, n=42) and non-anemic patients (n=93).
Results:
By using a buffered solution during sample preparation and chromatography, the most abundant charge state was shifted from 4+ to 3+ and the charge state distribution was strongly stabilized. The matrix effects which occurred in the 4+ state were therefore avoided, eliminating bias in the low concentration range of hepcidin. Consequently, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) for detection of IDA patients with the optimized assay (96%, 97%, 91%, respectively) were much better than for the original assay (73%, 70%, 44%, respectively).
Conclusions:
Fundamental improvements in LC-MS/MS assays greatly impact the accuracy of protein quantification. This is urgently required for improved diagnostic accuracy and clinical value, as illustrated by the validation of our hepcidin assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M.H. Schmitz
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital Eindhoven , Clinical Laboratory , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Biomedical Engineering , Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Máxima Medical Center Veldhoven , Clinical Laboratory , Veldhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Niels M. Leijten
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital Eindhoven , Clinical Laboratory , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Biomedical Engineering , Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Joost L.J. van Dongen
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Biomedical Engineering , Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A.C. Broeren
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Máxima Medical Center Veldhoven , Clinical Laboratory , Veldhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Lech G. Milroy
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Biomedical Engineering , Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Biomedical Engineering , Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Volkher Scharnhorst
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital Eindhoven , Clinical Laboratory , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Biomedical Engineering , Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Daan van de Kerkhof
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry Eindhoven , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital Eindhoven , Clinical Laboratory , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
- Algemeen Klinisch Laboratorium Catharina Ziekenhuis , Michelangelolaan 2 , 5623 EJ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
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Zehra A, Saleh Abdullah SM, Saboor M, Moinuddin. Effect of Intravenous Iron Supplementation on Hepcidin Levels in Iron Deficient Pregnant Females in Second and Third Trimester. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2017; 33:396-401. [PMID: 28824243 PMCID: PMC5544634 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-016-0736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective of the study was to assess effect of iron therapy on serum hepcidin levels in iron deficient pregnant women and its correlation with hemoglobin, serum iron profile and C-reactive protein (CRP). A total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled in the study; 25 were included in the "control group" having normal hematological and biochemical parameters while 75 iron deficient pregnant women were enrolled in the "patient group" with low hematological and biochemical parameters. CRP was done to rule out inflammation and to observe its association with hepcidin. Intravenous iron was administered to the patient group. Post treatment CBC, serum iron, serum ferritin and serum hepcidin were determined. Difference between pre and post treatment hemoglobin, serum iron, serum ferritin and serum hepcidin levels were determined and correlation among them was calculated. Post treatment serum hepcidin levels were significantly higher than pretreatment level (p = 0.001). However, no correlation was seen between serum hepcidin, serum iron, serum ferritin and hemoglobin. Hepcidin levels remain low during pregnancy as there is increased demand for iron in pregnancy. Iron supplementation results in increased hepcidin levels; however no mathematical correlation was found between serum hepcidin level and serum iron profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amtuz Zehra
- Department of Pathology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moinuddin
- Baqai Institute of Hematology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Bossi K, Lee J, Schmeltzer P, Holburton E, Groseclose G, Besur S, Hwang S, Bonkovsky HL. Homeostasis of iron and hepcidin in erythropoietic protoporphyria. Eur J Clin Invest 2015. [PMID: 26199063 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and X-linked protoporphyria (XLP) are genetic abnormalities of heme synthesis that result in excess production of protoporphyrin and that manifest as severe photosensitivity. These disorders are often associated with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Our aim was to determine whether hepcidin is increased in EPP/XLP patients, resulting in decreased enteral iron absorption and IDA. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eight subjects with EPP, one with XLP and nine controls had baseline blood and urine samples collected, and thereafter were given oral ferrous sulphate (660 mg). Post-iron blood and urine samples were collected at 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. Blood counts, serum cytokines, ferritin and iron studies were analysed at baseline. Serum iron studies, serum and urine hepcidin, and erythropoietin (Epo) were analysed at baseline and subsequent time points. RESULTS At baseline, EPP-XLP subjects had lower mean blood haemoglobin (13·9/15·3 g/dL) and serum ferritin (31·6/115 ng/mL) than controls. Serum iron levels increased markedly in both cohorts. Mean serum and urine hepcidin levels were significantly lower in the EPP-XLP group at 4 and 8 h post-iron (serum - 4 h, 3·79/26·6, 8 h, 5·79/34·6 nM; urine - 4 h, 0·85/2·50, 8 h, 1·44/6·63 nM/mM creatinine). Serum cytokines and Epo were normal and not different between groups. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that serum and urine hepcidin are not inappropriately increased in EPP/XLP subjects at baseline and do not increase over time as serum iron increases after oral ferrous sulphate. Levels of serum cytokines and Epo are normal in EPP/XLP. The molecular basis for the iron-deficient phenotype in EPP/XLP remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Bossi
- The Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jingyun Lee
- Department of Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Paul Schmeltzer
- The Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Eric Holburton
- The Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA.,Department of Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Gale Groseclose
- The Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Siddesh Besur
- The Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Sunil Hwang
- Department of Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Herbert L Bonkovsky
- The Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA.,Department of Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Konz T, Montes-Bayón M, Vaulont S. Hepcidin quantification: methods and utility in diagnosis. Metallomics 2015; 6:1583-90. [PMID: 24874645 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepcidin is a 25-amino acid peptide hormone that is produced and secreted predominantly by hepatocytes, circulates in the bloodstream, and is excreted by the kidneys. Since the discovery of hepcidin and the elucidation of its important role in iron homeostasis, hepcidin has been suggested as a promising diagnostic marker for iron-related disorders. In this regard, a number of analytical methods have been developed in order to assess hepcidin concentration in different biological fluids, particularly serum and urine. In this critical review we have tried to address the issues still pending in accurate determination of this peptide by evaluating the available analytical methodologies. Among them, the use of ELISA strategies (in competitive or sandwich formats) and molecular mass spectrometry (MS) including MALDI and/or LC-MS has been critically compared. The use of elemental mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has also been included as a possible complementary tool to the previous ones. In addition, this manuscript has revised the existing and potentially emerging clinical applications of hepcidin testing for diagnosis. These include the iron disorders such as iron deficiency anemia (IDA, low hepcidin), anemia of chronic disease (ACD, high hepcidin) and the combined state of ACD and IDA or hemochromatosis. Other applications such as using hepcidin in assessing the response to existing therapies in cancer have also been revised in the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Konz
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
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Development of LC-MS methods for quantitation of hepcidin and demonstration of siRNA-mediated hepcidin suppression in serum. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2014; 71:110-9. [PMID: 25281793 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A requisite step in developing a therapeutic to modulate the levels of hepcidin is the development of a quantitative method for measuring the concentration of serum hepcidin. METHODS To this end, an LC-MS method, based on selected reaction monitoring (SRM) with a triple quadrupole MS and an isotopically labeled hepcidin as internal standard, was developed to measure hepcidin in mouse and monkey sera. RESULTS Initially, 40 normal cynomolgus monkeys and 40 normal mice were studied to determine the normal endogenous levels of hepcidin, and an average of 50ng/mL was found in the monkeys and 46ng/mL in the mice. Next, experiments were conducted where an siRNA, targeting hepcidin, was administered to cynomolgus monkeys, resulting in effective hepcidin reduction (inhibition rate) of 87% after 24h and 74% after 48h, demonstrating to effectively reduce serume level of hepcidin. CONCLUSIONS For better sensitivity, especially for the low volumes available for mouse sera, a second LC-MS method, based on parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) using a Orbitrap MS was developed and shown to be at least 10 fold lower in detection limits (or consumption of serum volume) than the SRM approach.
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10
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Validation of hepcidin quantification in plasma using LC-HRMS and discovery of a new hepcidin isoform. Bioanalysis 2014; 5:2509-20. [PMID: 24138624 DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepcidin, a 25 amino acid peptide, plays an important role in iron homeostasis. Some hepcidin truncated peptides have antibiotic effects. RESULTS A new analytical method for hepcidin determination in human plasma using LC-HRMS operating in full-scan acquisition mode has been validated. The extraction consists of protein precipitation and a drying reconstitution step; a 2.1 x 50 mm (idxL) C18 analytical column was used. Detection specificity, stability, accuracy, precision and recoveries were determined. The LOQ/LOD were 0.25/0.1 nM, respectively. More than 600 injections of plasma extracts were performed, allowing evaluation of the assay robustness. Hepcidin-20, hepcidin-22 and a new isoform, hepcidin-24, were detected in patients. CONCLUSION The data underscore the usefulness of LC-HRMS for in-depth investigations related to hepcidin levels and pathways.
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Navarro VJ, Bonkovsky HL, Hwang SI, Vega M, Barnhart H, Serrano J. Catechins in dietary supplements and hepatotoxicity. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:2682-90. [PMID: 23625293 PMCID: PMC3769469 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-013-2687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many herbal dietary supplements (HDS) contain green tea extract (GTE) and its component catechins, although their presence may not always be indicated on the product label. PURPOSE Because GTE and catechins have been implicated in human hepatotoxicity in several case reports, our objective was to determine whether catechins were present in HDS that were implicated in hepatotoxicity, even if not identified among the labeled ingredients, and whether these compounds could be associated with liver injury. METHODS We assayed 97 HDS implicated in human hepatotoxicity for catechins. RESULTS We found that 29 of 73 HDS (39.7%) that did not identify GTE or any of its component catechins on their label contained catechins. Among patients with confirmed hepatotoxicity, there was no statistically significant association between the presence of catechin or the dose consumed and liver injury causality score, severity, or pattern of liver injury. Catechin levels tended to be highest in products used for weight loss, although catechin concentrations were low in most products. CONCLUSIONS Many HDS commonly contain catechins that are implicated in hepatotoxicity, although their presence may not be indicated on the product label. Although our results did not establish an association between GTE or catechins with hepatotoxicity, they highlight some of the many complexities and uncertainties that surround the attribution of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) to HDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor J. Navarro
- Division of Hepatology, Einstein Medical Center, 5401 Old York Road, Suite 505, Philadelphia, PA 19141, , 215-456-5967 (phone), 215-456-7224 (fax)
| | - Herbert L. Bonkovsky
- Medicine and Research, Carolinas Medical Center, LBP Center MMP1, suite 600, 1000 Blythe Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28236,
| | - Sun-Il Hwang
- Cannon Research Center, Carolinas Medical Center, 1000 Blythe Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28203,
| | - Maricruz Vega
- Division of Hepatology, Einstein Medical Center, 5401 Old York Road, Suite 505, Philadelphia, PA 19141,
| | - Huiman Barnhart
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC,
| | - Jose Serrano
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2 Democracy Plaza, Room 657, MSC 5450, Bethesda, MD,20892-5450.
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Wolff F, Deleers M, Melot C, Gulbis B, Cotton F. Hepcidin-25: Measurement by LC–MS/MS in serum and urine, reference ranges and urinary fractional excretion. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 423:99-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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