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Abagero BR, Kepple D, Pestana K, Witherspoon L, Hordofa A, Adane A, Baharu F, Hansel S, Lopez K, Janies DA, Lo E, Yewhalaw D. Low Density Plasmodium Infections and G6PD Deficiency Among Malaria Suspected Febrile Individuals in Ethiopia. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2022; 3:966930. [PMID: 36619004 PMCID: PMC9815519 DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2022.966930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and management of low parasitemia infections have become increasingly challenging for malaria control and elimination. Submicroscopic Plasmodium infections and G6PD deficiency among febrile patients require more sensitive diagnostic methods to improve detection and careful treatment regime of these infections. In Ethiopia, information on the low density submicroscopic malarial infections and frequency of G6PD deficiency (G6PDd) is scarce. In this study, 297 malaria suspected febrile patient samples were collected from health facilities of Bonga town in southwestern Ethiopia. The positivity rates of Plasmodium infection were determined by microscopy and quantitative PCR. G6PD activity level was determined by careSTART™ G6PD biosensor and the frequency of three common variants: G6PD*A (A376G), G6PD*A- (G202A) and Mediterranean (C563T) were investigated. G6PD gene sequencing was performed to detect mutations in exons 2-11 for both G6PD normal and deficient samples based on the phenotypic assay. More than twice Plasmodium infected samples was detected by qPCR (52/297; 17.4%) than microscopy (21/297; 7.0%). About 31 (10%) of the infections were submicroscopic. Bednet usage and age had a significant association with Plasmodium infection. Of the 271 participants who were tested for G6PD phenotype, 19 (7.0%) had low G6PD level. No mutations were observed in A376G, G202A, and C563T in the G6PDd samples, but three novel non-synonymous mutations in exon 2 including a C to T transition at position ChrX:6504 (Arg to Thr), G to T at ChrX:6369 (Ser to IIe), and G to C at ChrX:6664 (Gln to His) were detected. A high number of submicroscopic Plasmodium infections observed in this study pose a challenge for accurate and timely diagnosis, which could hinder malaria control efforts. G6PD deficiency in malaria patients pose danger when treating patients with primaquine. The three novel mutations detected in exon 2 of the G6PD gene merit further investigation on the hemolytic risk when exposed to oxidative antimalarials, their prevalence, and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beka R. Abagero
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA,Tropical Infectious Disease Research Center, Jimma University, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Kepple
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Kareen Pestana
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Logan Witherspoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Abdisa Hordofa
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research Center, Jimma University, Ethiopia
| | - Abinet Adane
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research Center, Jimma University, Ethiopia
| | - Fetiya Baharu
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research Center, Jimma University, Ethiopia
| | - Shantoy Hansel
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Karen Lopez
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Daniel A. Janies
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Eugenia Lo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA,School of Data Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, USA,Correspondence: Eugenia Lo, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Tropical Infectious Disease Research Center, Jimma University, Ethiopia, ,
| | - Delenasaw Yewhalaw
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research Center, Jimma University, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Eugenia Lo, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Tropical Infectious Disease Research Center, Jimma University, Ethiopia, ,
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2
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Minucci A, Onori ME, Mazzuccato G, Urbani A, Capoluongo E. Molecular basis of favism triggered by ingestion of frozen pumpkin cross-contaminated with fava beans. Clin Biochem 2019; 69:45-47. [PMID: 31152693 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Minucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | | | | | - Andrea Urbani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Ettore Capoluongo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
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3
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Jiang W, Lian W, Chen J, Li W, Huang J, Lai B, Li L, Huang Z, Xu J. Rapid identification of genome-edited mesenchymal stem cell colonies via Cas9. Biotechniques 2019; 66:231-234. [PMID: 30924368 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2018-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been intensively investigated and widely applied in regenerative medicine and immune modulation. However, their efficacy declines during the aging or disease process. Thus, genome-edited MSCs with over-expression or inhibition of specific genes hold a great deal of promise in terms of their therapeutic application. Here we optimized the direct PCR approach for rapid identification of genome-edited MSCs with only ten cells required, which reduces the time and labor to expand the MSC colonies. Combined with our previously optimized guide RNA structure and plasmid construction strategy for Cas9, we successfully identified MSC colonies over-expressing IL-10 in the AAVS1 locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Jieting Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Wenlei Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Women & Children Health Institute of Futian, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Jieyong Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Baoyu Lai
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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4
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De Paolis E, Minucci A, De Bonis M, Scaglione GL, Gervasoni J, Primiano A, Ferraro PM, Cappellani D, Marcocci C, Gambaro G, Capoluongo E. A rapid screening of a recurrent CYP24A1 pathogenic variant opens the way to molecular testing for Idiopathic Infantile Hypercalcemia (IIH). Clin Chim Acta 2018; 482:8-13. [PMID: 29574006 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Loss-of-function mutations in cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1) gene are associated with Idiopathic Infantile Hypercalcemia (IIH) and adult kidney stone disease. The enzyme deficiency leads to an impaired vitamin D catabolism pathway, resulting in a syndrome characterized by recurrent hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and suppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. In these patients, the genetic evaluation of CYP24A1 is an important diagnostic tool, allowing the definitive diagnosis of IIH. METHODS A rapid CYP24A1 gene testing based on High Resolution Melting Analysis (HRMA) was designed in order to detect the CYP24A1 c.428_430delAAG (p.Glu143del), a recurrent IIH-associated variant. RESULTS HRMA method was able to identify c.428_430delAAG genotypes evaluating melting curve shape and melting temperature (Tm). Heterozygous samples exhibited a typical melting profile while homozygous samples showed a specific Tm shift. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence about application of HRMA in unambiguous genotyping of the CYP24A1 c.428_430delAAG variant, making this method useful in clinical molecular diagnostics. This approach opens the way to a helpful molecular analysis of CYP24A1 gene in IIH diagnosis, to an improved pharmacological treatment strategy and to a reduced risk of recurrent stones and worsening nephrocalcinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa De Paolis
- Polo Scienze delle Immagini, di Laboratorio ed Infettivologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Polo Scienze delle Immagini, di Laboratorio ed Infettivologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria De Bonis
- Polo Scienze delle Immagini, di Laboratorio ed Infettivologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Scaglione
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, "Giovanni Paolo II" Foundation, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Jacopo Gervasoni
- Polo Scienze delle Immagini, di Laboratorio ed Infettivologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Aniello Primiano
- Polo Scienze delle Immagini, di Laboratorio ed Infettivologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Pietro Manuel Ferraro
- Polo di Scienze Reumatologiche, Dermatologiche, Immuno-Allergologiche, Urologiche e Nefrologiche, Istituto di Medicina Interna e Geriatria. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniele Cappellani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Marcocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Polo di Scienze Reumatologiche, Dermatologiche, Immuno-Allergologiche, Urologiche e Nefrologiche, Istituto di Medicina Interna e Geriatria. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Ettore Capoluongo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata -IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy.
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Belfield KD, Tichy EM. Review and drug therapy implications of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2018; 75:97-104. [PMID: 29305344 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp160961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and medication-use implications of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common enzyme deficiency in humans, are reviewed. SUMMARY Originally identified as favism in patients who experienced hemolysis after ingestion of fava beans, G6PD deficiency results from an X-linked chromosomal mutation that leads to reduced activity of the enzyme responsible for the final step of the pentose phosphate pathway, through which reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate required for protection of cells from oxidative stress is produced. G6PD deficiency affects about 400 million people worldwide. Diagnosis of G6PD can be made through detection of enzymatic activity (by spectrophotometric testing, fluorescence testing, or formazan-based spot testing) or molecular analysis to detect known mutations of the gene encoding G6PD. Most individuals with G6PD deficiency are asymptomatic throughout life. Symptoms of acute hemolysis associated with G6PD deficiency include anemia, fatigue, back or abdominal pain, jaundice, and hemoglobinuria. The most common precipitators of oxidative stress and hemolysis in G6PD deficiency include medication use and infection. CONCLUSION G6PD deficiency should be considered in patients who experience acute hemolysis after exposure to known oxidative medications, infection, or ingestion of fava beans. A diagnosis of G6PD deficiency is most often made through enzymatic activity detection, but molecular analysis may be required in females heterozygous for the disorder. When clinically feasible, rasburicase, primaquine, dapsone, pegloticase, and methylene blue should not be used until a G6PD diagnostic test has been performed.
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Canu G, Mazzuccato G, Urbani A, Minucci A. Report of an Italian family carrying a typical Indian variant of the Nilgiris tribal groups resulting from a de novo occurrence. Hum Genome Var 2018; 5:17057. [PMID: 29333274 PMCID: PMC5752699 DOI: 10.1038/hgv.2017.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
G6PD deficiency is quite common in Italy where it is characterized by extreme molecular and biochemical heterogeneity. We report a 15-year-old Italian boy with G6PD Nilgiri (c.593G>A, p.Arg198His), a typical Indian variant of the Nilgiris tribal groups. Further, this variant was biochemically characterized, and the molecular screening of the family highlighted a de novo mutational event. To date, this family is the first Caucasian family carrying the G6PD Nilgiri variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Canu
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 'Agostino Gemelli' Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mazzuccato
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 'Agostino Gemelli' Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 'Agostino Gemelli' Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, IRCCS- 'Santa Lucia' Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 'Agostino Gemelli' Foundation, Rome, Italy
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7
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Petit F, Bailly P, Chiaroni J, Mazières S. Sub-Saharan red cell antigen phenotypes and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency variants in French Guiana. Malar J 2016; 15:310. [PMID: 27267757 PMCID: PMC4897928 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1365-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of Plasmodium vivax infections requires the use of primaquine, which can lead to severe haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient individuals. However, most of the Latin American countries, which are still endemic for vivax malaria, lack information on the distribution of G6PD deficiency (G6PDd). No survey has been performed so far in French Guiana. Herein, 80 individuals of the French Guianan Noir Marron population were scrutinized for red cell surface antigens of six blood group systems (ABO, Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy and MNS) and G6PD genetic polymorphisms. First, the sub-Saharan origin of the red cell phenotypes was assessed in relation with the literature. Then, given that the main sub-Saharan G6PDd variants are expected to be encountered, only the G6PD sequences of exons 4, 5, 6 and 9 were screened. This work aims at appraising the G6PD gene variation in this population, and thus, contributing to the G6PD piecemeal information in Latin America. RESULTS Ninety-seven percent (97 %) of the red cells are Fy(a- b-), either D+ C- E- c+ e+ or D+ C+ E- c+ e+ and 44 % exhibited the Fya-/Jkb-/S- combined phenotype. Noteworthy is the detection of the G6PD(Val68Met) variant characterized by c.202G > A transition, G6PD(Asn126Asp) variant characterized by c.376A>G transition and G6PD(Asp181Val) variant characterized by c.542A>T transversion of the G6PD gene in 22.5 % of the sample, characteristic of the A(-(202)), A and Santamaria G6PDd variants, respectively. CONCLUSIONS French Guianan Noir Marron population represents a pool of Rh-D antigen positive, Duffy-negative and G6PD-deficient erythrocytes, the latter accounting for one in every eight persons. The present study provides the first community-based estimation of the frequency of G6PDd polymorphisms in French Guiana. These results contribute to the G6PD genetic background information puzzle in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Petit
- CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Aix Marseille Université, 13397, Marseille, France.,CNRS, EFS, ADES UMR 7268, Aix Marseille Université, 13916, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Bailly
- CNRS, EFS, ADES UMR 7268, Aix Marseille Université, 13916, Marseille, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Alpes Méditerranée, 13392, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Chiaroni
- CNRS, EFS, ADES UMR 7268, Aix Marseille Université, 13916, Marseille, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Alpes Méditerranée, 13392, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Mazières
- CNRS, EFS, ADES UMR 7268, Aix Marseille Université, 13916, Marseille, France.
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Minucci A, Ruggiero A, Canu G, Maurizi P, De Bonis M, Concolino P, De Luca D, Capoluongo E. Co-inheritance of G6PD and PK deficiencies in a neonate carrying a Novel UGT1A1 genotype associated to Crigler-Najjar type II syndrome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015; 62:1680-1. [PMID: 25822733 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Minucci
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Ruggiero
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, A Gemelli Hospital, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Canu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Roma, Italy
| | - Palma Maurizi
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, A Gemelli Hospital, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria De Bonis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Concolino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Roma, Italy.,Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, FAME Dept, South Paris University Hospitals, "A.Beclere" Medical Center - APHP, Paris, France
| | - Ettore Capoluongo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Roma, Italy
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Seow N, Lai PS, Yung LYL. Gold nanostructures for the multiplex detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene mutations. Anal Biochem 2014; 451:56-62. [PMID: 24491445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We describe a gold nanoparticle-based technique for the detection of single-base mutations in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene, a condition that can lead to neonatal jaundice and hemolytic anemia. The aim of this technique is to clearly distinguish different mutations frequently described within the Asian population from their wild-type counterparts and across different mutant variants. Gold nanoparticles of different sizes were synthesized, and each was conjugated with a single-strand DNA (ssDNA) sequence specific for a particular mutation in the G6PD gene. It was found that only mutant targets presented a characteristic band on the agarose gel, indicating the successful formation of dimeric nanostructures. No such dimer bands were observed for the wild-type targets. The difference in the relative dimer band levels allowed different mutant variants to be distinguished from one another. The technique was further validated using G6PD-deficient patient samples. This simple mutation detection method with direct result readout is amenable for rapid and mass screening of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianjia Seow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Poh San Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
| | - Lin-Yue Lanry Yung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore.
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Luzzatto L, Seneca E. G6PD deficiency: a classic example of pharmacogenetics with on-going clinical implications. Br J Haematol 2014; 164:469-80. [PMID: 24372186 PMCID: PMC4153881 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
That primaquine and other drugs can trigger acute haemolytic anaemia in subjects who have an inherited mutation of the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene has been known for over half a century: however, these events still occur, because when giving the drug either the G6PD status of a person is not known, or the risk of this potentially life-threatening complication is under-estimated. Here we review briefly the genetic basis of G6PD deficiency, and then the pathophysiology and the clinical features of drug-induced haemolysis; we also update the list of potentially haemolytic drugs (which includes rasburicase). It is now clear that it is not good practice to give one of these drugs before testing a person for his/her G6PD status, especially in populations in whom G6PD deficiency is common. We discuss therefore how G6PD testing can be done reconciling safety with cost; this is once again becoming of public health importance, as more countries are moving along the pathway of malaria elimination, that might require mass administration of primaquine. Finally, we sketch the triangular relationship between malaria, antimalarials such as primaquine, and G6PD deficiency: which is to some extent protective against malaria, but also a genetically determined hazard when taking primaquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Luzzatto
- Istituto Toscano Tumori and Department of Haematology, University of FlorenceFirenze, Italy
| | - Elisa Seneca
- Department of Haematology, University of Naples Federico IINapoli, Italy
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Mazières S, Petit F, Dugoujon JM, Iriart X, Berry A, Carme B, Nacher M, Bailly P, Chiaroni J. Subtle adjustments of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutation database and reference sequence. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2014; 52:55-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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