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Darie-Ion L, Petre BA. An update on multiplexed mass spectrometry-based lysosomal storage disease diagnosis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:1135-1149. [PMID: 37584312 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a type of inherited metabolic disorders in which biomolecules, accumulate as a specific substrate in lysosomes due to specific individual enzyme deficiencies. Despite the fact that LSDs are incurable, various approaches, including enzyme replacement therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or gene therapy are now available. Therefore, a timely diagnosis is a critical initial step in patient treatment. The-state-of-the-art in LSD diagnostic uses, in the first stage, enzymatic activity determination by fluorimetry or by mass spectrometry (MS) with the aid of dry blood spots, based on different enzymatic substrate structures. Due to its sensitivity, high precision, and ability to screen for an unprecedented number of diseases in a single assay, multiplexed tandem MS-based enzyme activity assays for the screening of LSDs in newborns have recently received a lot of attention. Here, (i) we review the current approaches used for simultaneous enzymatic activity determination of LSDs in dried blood spots using multiplex-LC-MS/MS; (ii) we explore the need for designing novel enzymatic substrates that generate different enzymatic products with distinct molecular masses in multiplexed-MS studies; and (iii) we give examples of the relevance of affinity-MS technique as a basis for reversing undesirable immune-reactivity in enzyme replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Darie-Ion
- Group of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Brînduşa Alina Petre
- Group of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iaşi, Romania
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Center for Fundamental Research and Experimental Development in Translation Medicine-TRANSCEND, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iaşi, Romania
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Maeser S, Petre BA, Ion L, Rawer S, Kohlschütter A, Santorelli FM, Simonati A, Schulz A, Przybylski M. Enzymatic diagnosis of neuronal lipofuscinoses in dried blood spots using substrates for concomitant tandem mass spectrometry and fluorimetry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4675. [PMID: 33314470 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of neurodegenerative diseases predominantly in childhood that are characterized by psychomotor deterioration, epilepsy, and early death of patients. The NCLs analyzed in the present study are caused by defects of the specific enzymes, CLN1 (palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1; PPT1), CLN2 (tripeptidyl peptidase 1; TPP1), and CLN10 (cathepsin D). Specific and sensitive diagnostic assays of NCLs were the main goal of this study. They are of increasing importance, particularly since enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for NCL2 has recently become available for clinical treatment, and ERTs for further NCLs are under development. Here, we report specific and sensitive determinations for CLN1, CLN2, and CLN10 on dried blood spots by tandem mass spectrometry using multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM-MS). Identical substrates suitable for (i) fluorimetric determination of single enzymes and (ii) for MRM-MS determination of multiple enzymes were synthesized by chemical coupling of alkyl-umbelliferone building blocks with the corresponding peptidyl-substrate groups recognized by the target enzyme. Enzymatic determinations were performed both by fluorimetry and MRM-MS in patients with NCL1, NCL2, and NCL10 and showed good agreement in single assays. Moreover, duplex and triplex determinations were successfully performed for NCL1, NCL2, and NCL10. Specific peptidyl-(4-alkyl-umbelliferone) substrates were also synthesized for mass spectrometric determinations of different cathepsins (cathepsins-D, -F, and -B), to provide a differentiation of proteolytic specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Maeser
- Steinbeis Centre for Biopolymer Analysis and Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Marktstrasse 29, Ruesselsheim am Main, D-65428, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
| | - Brindusa-Alina Petre
- Steinbeis Centre for Biopolymer Analysis and Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Marktstrasse 29, Ruesselsheim am Main, D-65428, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Ion
- Steinbeis Centre for Biopolymer Analysis and Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Marktstrasse 29, Ruesselsheim am Main, D-65428, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Stephan Rawer
- Steinbeis Centre for Biopolymer Analysis and Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Marktstrasse 29, Ruesselsheim am Main, D-65428, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
| | - Alfried Kohlschütter
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany
| | - Filippo M Santorelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Stella Maris, I-56128 Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Simonati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, Movement-Neurology and Neuropathology, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro, Verona, I-37134, Italy
| | - Angela Schulz
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany
| | - Michael Przybylski
- Steinbeis Centre for Biopolymer Analysis and Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Marktstrasse 29, Ruesselsheim am Main, D-65428, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
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Villoria JG, Pajares S, López RM, Marin JL, Ribes A. Neonatal Screening for Inherited Metabolic Diseases in 2016. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2016; 23:257-272. [PMID: 28284388 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The scope of newborn screening (NBS) programs is continuously expanding. NBS programs are secondary prevention interventions widely recognized internationally in the "field of Public Health." These interventions are aimed at early detection of asymptomatic children affected by certain diseases, with the objective to establish a definitive diagnosis and apply the proper treatment to prevent further complications and sequelae and ensure a better quality of life. The most significant event in the history of neonatal screening was the discovery of phenylketonuria in 1934. This disease has been the paradigm of inherited metabolic diseases. The next paradigm was the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry in the NBS programs that make possible the simultaneous measurement of several metabolites and consequently, the detection of several diseases in one blood spot and in an unique analysis. We aim to review the current situation of neonatal screening in 2016 worldwide and show scientific evidence of the benefits for some diseases. We will also discuss future challenges. It should be taken into account that any consideration to expand an NBS panel should involve a rigorous process of decision-making that balances benefits against the risks of harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Garcia Villoria
- From the Seccción de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo-IBC, Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital ClinicHospital Clínic, CIBERER, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Pajares
- From the Seccción de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo-IBC, Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital ClinicHospital Clínic, CIBERER, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa María López
- From the Seccción de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo-IBC, Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital ClinicHospital Clínic, CIBERER, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Marin
- From the Seccción de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo-IBC, Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital ClinicHospital Clínic, CIBERER, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Ribes
- From the Seccción de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo-IBC, Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital ClinicHospital Clínic, CIBERER, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
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Mashima R, Sakai E, Kosuga M, Okuyama T. Levels of enzyme activities in six lysosomal storage diseases in Japanese neonates determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 9:6-11. [PMID: 27625992 PMCID: PMC5011175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are caused by defective enzyme activities in lysosomes, characterized by the accumulation of glycolipids, oligosaccharides, mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and other biological substances. Accumulating evidence has suggested that early detection of individuals with LSDs, followed by the immediate initiation of appropriate therapy during the presymptomatic period, usually results in better therapeutic outcomes. The activities of individual enzymes are measured using fluorescent substrates. However, the simultaneous determination of multiple enzyme activities has been awaited in neonatal screening of LSDs because the prevalence of individual LSDs is rare. In this study, the activities of six enzymes associated with LSDs were examined with 6-plex enzyme assay using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The accumulation of enzyme products was almost linear for 0-20 h at 37 °C. Dried blood spots (DBSs) provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were used for quality control (QC). The intraday and interday coefficient of variance values were < 25%. The enzyme activities of healthy individuals were higher than those of LSD-confirmed individuals. These results suggest that the levels of enzyme activities of six LSDs in a Japanese population were comparable to those of a recent report [Elliott et al. Mol Genet Metab 118 (2016) 304-309], providing additional evidence that the 6-plex LSD enzyme assay is a reproducible analytical procedure for neonatal screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Mashima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Eri Sakai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Motomichi Kosuga
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Center for Lysosomal Storage Disorders, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Division of Medical Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Torayuki Okuyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Center for Lysosomal Storage Disorders, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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