1
|
Pliego-Arreaga R, Cervantes-Montelongo JA, Silva-Martínez GA, Tristán-Flores FE, Pantoja-Hernández MA, Maldonado-Coronado JR. Joint Hypermobility Syndrome and Membrane Proteins: A Comprehensive Review. Biomolecules 2024; 14:472. [PMID: 38672488 PMCID: PMC11048254 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDSs) constitute a heterogeneous group of connective tissue disorders characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility. Asymptomatic EDSs, joint hypermobility without associated syndromes, EDSs, and hypermobility spectrum disorders are the commonest phenotypes associated with joint hypermobility. Joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by extreme flexibility of the joints, along with pain and other symptoms. JHS can be a sign of a more serious underlying genetic condition, such as EDS, which affects the cartilage, bone, fat, and blood. The exact cause of JHS could be related to genetic changes in the proteins that add flexibility and strength to the joints, ligaments, and tendons, such as collagen. Membrane proteins are a class of proteins embedded in the cell membrane and play a crucial role in cell signaling, transport, and adhesion. Dysregulated membrane proteins have been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders; recent studies have suggested that membrane proteins may also play a role in the pathogenesis of JHS. This article presents an exploration of the causative factors contributing to musculoskeletal pain in individuals with hypermobility, based on research findings. It aims to provide an understanding of JHS and its association with membrane proteins, addressing the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of JHS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pliego-Arreaga
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Celaya, Celaya 38080, Guanajuato, Mexico; (J.A.C.-M.); (M.A.P.-H.); (J.R.M.-C.)
| | - Juan Antonio Cervantes-Montelongo
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Celaya, Celaya 38080, Guanajuato, Mexico; (J.A.C.-M.); (M.A.P.-H.); (J.R.M.-C.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México en Celaya, Celaya 38010, Guanajuato, Mexico;
| | | | | | | | - Juan Raúl Maldonado-Coronado
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Celaya, Celaya 38080, Guanajuato, Mexico; (J.A.C.-M.); (M.A.P.-H.); (J.R.M.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamaguchi T, Yamada K, Nagai S, Nishikubo T, Koitabashi N, Minami-Hori M, Matsushima M, Shibata Y, Ishiguro H, Sanai H, Fujikawa T, Takiguchi Y, Matsumoto KI, Kosho T. Clinical and molecular delineation of classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome through a comprehensive next-generation sequencing-based screening system. Front Genet 2023; 14:1234804. [PMID: 37712068 PMCID: PMC10498456 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1234804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (clEDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by complete absence of tenascin-X resulting from biallelic variation in TNXB. Thus far, 50 patients from 43 families with biallelic TNXB variants have been identified. Accurate detection of TNXB variants is challenging because of the presence of the pseudogene TNXA, which can undergo non-allelic homologous recombination. Therefore, we designed a genetic screening system that is performed using similar operations to other next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel analyses and can be applied to accurately detect TNXB variants and the recombination of TNXA-derived sequences into TNXB. Using this system, we identified biallelic TNXB variants in nine unrelated clEDS patients. TNXA-derived variations were found in >75% of the current cohort, comparable to previous reports. The current cohort generally exhibited similar clinical features to patients in previous reports, but had a higher frequency of gastrointestinal complications (e.g., perforation, diverticulitis, gastrointestinal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, rectal/anal prolapse, and gallstones). This report is the first to apply an NGS-based screening for TNXB variants and represents the third largest cohort of clEDS, highlighting the importance of increasing awareness of the risk of gastrointestinal complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Yamaguchi
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamada
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
- Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - So Nagai
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Problem-Solving Oriented Training Program for Advanced Medical Personnel: NGSD (Next-Generation Super Doctor) Project, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nishikubo
- Division of Neonatal Intensive Care, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Norimichi Koitabashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | | | - Masaaki Matsushima
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuka Shibata
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishiguro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sanai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi Prefectural Grand Medical Center, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yamaguchi Prefectural Grand Medical Center, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomomi Fujikawa
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuri Takiguchi
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang Z, Liao W, Chen Q, Li H, Ye M, Zou J, Deng G, Zhang P. Pharmacokinetics of Antituberculosis Drugs in Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid in a Patient with Pre-Extensive Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Meningitis. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:1669-1676. [PMID: 36992966 PMCID: PMC10041991 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s401281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most devastating and critical form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Here, we present a case of a 45-year-old male with pre-extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis meningitis (pre-XDR-TBM). He underwent emergency surgery for the long-tunneled external ventricular drainage (LTEVD). Molecular test and phenotypic drug sensitivity test (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed that the isolate was resistant to both rifampin and fluoroquinolones. An anti-tuberculous regimen of isoniazid, pyrazinamide, cycloserine, moxifloxacin, clofazimine, and linezolid was tailored accordingly. We monitored the drug concentration in his plasma and CSF before (at 0-hour) and after anti-TB drugs administration (at 1-hour, 2-hour, 6-hour, and 12-hour) on 10th day after treatment initiation. We hope to provide reference values of drug exposures in plasma and CSF for patients with pre-XDR-TBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Liang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiming Liao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qifu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiling Ye
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guofang Deng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peize Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Peize Zhang; Guofang Deng, Tel +8613509650204; +8613530027001, Email ;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The Ehlers–Danlos Syndromes against the Backdrop of Inborn Errors of Metabolism. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020265. [PMID: 35205310 PMCID: PMC8872221 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ehlers–Danlos syndromes are a group of multisystemic heritable connective tissue disorders with clinical presentations that range from multiple congenital malformations, over adolescent-onset debilitating or even life-threatening complications of connective tissue fragility, to mild conditions that remain undiagnosed in adulthood. To date, thirteen different EDS types have been recognized, stemming from genetic defects in 20 different genes. While initial biochemical and molecular analyses mainly discovered defects in genes coding for the fibrillar collagens type I, III and V or their modifying enzymes, recent discoveries have linked EDS to defects in non-collagenous matrix glycoproteins, in proteoglycan biosynthesis and in the complement pathway. This genetic heterogeneity explains the important clinical heterogeneity among and within the different EDS types. Generalized joint hypermobility and skin hyperextensibility with cutaneous fragility, atrophic scarring and easy bruising are defining manifestations of EDS; however, other signs and symptoms of connective tissue fragility, such as complications of vascular and internal organ fragility, orocraniofacial abnormalities, neuromuscular involvement and ophthalmological complications are variably present in the different types of EDS. These features may help to differentiate between the different EDS types but also evoke a wide differential diagnosis, including different inborn errors of metabolism. In this narrative review, we will discuss the clinical presentation of EDS within the context of inborn errors of metabolism, give a brief overview of their underlying genetic defects and pathophysiological mechanisms and provide a guide for the diagnostic approach.
Collapse
|
5
|
Matsumoto KI, Aoki H. The Roles of Tenascins in Cardiovascular, Inflammatory, and Heritable Connective Tissue Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:609752. [PMID: 33335533 PMCID: PMC7736112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins with time- and tissue specific expression patterns during development, tissue homeostasis, and diseases. There are four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, -W) in vertebrates. Among them, tenascin-X (TNX) and tenascin-C (TNC) play important roles in human pathologies. TNX is expressed widely in loose connective tissues. TNX contributes to the stability and maintenance of the collagen network, and its absence causes classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (clEDS), a heritable connective tissue disorder. In contrast, TNC is specifically and transiently expressed upon pathological conditions such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. There is growing evidence that TNC is involved in inflammatory processes with proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize the roles of these two tenascins, TNX and TNC, in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases and in clEDS, and we discuss the functional consequences of the expression of these tenascins for tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoki
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yamada K, Watanabe A, Takeshita H, Fujita A, Miyake N, Matsumoto N, Matsumoto KI. Measurement of Serum Tenascin-X in Joint Hypermobility Syndrome Patients. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:1596-1599. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Yamada
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdiscipnary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University
- Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University
| | - Atsushi Watanabe
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Nippon Medical School Hospital
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | - Haruo Takeshita
- Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University
| | - Atsushi Fujita
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ken-ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdiscipnary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Katahira T, Kanazawa A, Shinohara M, Koshibu M, Kaga H, Mita T, Tosaka Y, Komiya K, Miyatsuka T, Ikeda F, Azuma K, Takayanagi N, Ogihara T, Ohmura C, Miyachi A, Mieno E, Yamashita S, Watada H. Postprandial Plasma Glucagon Kinetics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Comparison of Immunoassay and Mass Spectrometry. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:42-51. [PMID: 30560227 PMCID: PMC6293234 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Accurate glucagon level measurements are necessary for investigation of mechanisms for postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of postprandial glucagon level measurements using a sandwich ELISA vs a recently established liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method in type 2 diabetes mellitus. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Twenty patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin underwent a meal test before and after administration of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor anagliptin for 4 weeks. Blood samples were taken serially after the meal, and glucagon levels were measured using both ELISA and LC-HRMS. We compared the change from baseline to 4 weeks (Δ0-4W) using the area under the curve for plasma glucagon during the meal test [area under the curve (AUC)0-3h] measured using ELISA and LC-HRMS. RESULTS ELISA-based glucagon AUC0-3h was higher than LC-HRMS-based AUC0-3h at baseline and 4 weeks. However, differences in Δ0-4W-AUC0-3h measured using ELISA and LC-HRMS were not statistically significant. Additionally, Δ0-4W-AUC0-3h measured using ELISA and LC-HRMS were strongly correlated (r = 0.87, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Plasma glucagon levels during a meal test in patients with type 2 diabetes measured using ELISA were consistently higher than those measured using LC-HRMS. However, given that the changes in glucagon levels measured using ELISA before and after dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor therapy were similar to those based on LC-HRMS, this ELISA seems to be useful for evaluating the effect of the drug interventions on postprandial glucagon levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Katahira
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Kanazawa
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Shinohara
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Koshibu
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Kaga
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Mita
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Tosaka
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Komiya
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyatsuka
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Identification of Diabetic Therapeutic Targets, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuki Ikeda
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Azuma
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Takayanagi
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ogihara
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chie Ohmura
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyachi
- Radioisotope and Chemical Analysis Center, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Inabe, Mie, Japan
| | - Eri Mieno
- Radioisotope and Chemical Analysis Center, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Inabe, Mie, Japan
| | - Satoko Yamashita
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Inabe, Mie, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Identification of Diabetic Therapeutic Targets, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- 6Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carcangiu L, Pisanu S, Tore S, Addis MF, Zini E, Uzzau S, Pagnozzi D. All Cats are Gray in the Dark: Enrichment/Depletion Approaches for Biomarker Discovery on Felis catus Plasma. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800191. [PMID: 30216667 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In veterinary medicine, assay performance is often affected by the lack of species-specific diagnostic tools. Reliable biomarkers might be identified by investigating biological fluids of the species of interest, but protein sequence databases are often incomplete and human-specific devices for reducing sample complexity might fail when applied to animal plasma. Here, seven commercial methods based on different capturing agents (anti-human antibodies, affinity ligands, mixture of antibodies and ligands, and combinatorial peptide ligand libraries) are applied to cat plasma and evaluated in terms of yield, identified proteins/ peptides, and relative abundance by high-resolution shotgun proteomics and label-free quantitation. As a result, anti-human antibody-based methods are unsatisfactory. Most fail in reducing albumin and immunoglobulins, and some lead to a substantial removal of other highly abundant proteins, probably because of nonspecific interactions. A protein A/dye ligand-based method is efficient in reducing immunoglobulins, fibrinogen, and apolipoprotein A1 and A2, but not albumin, and protein identifications do not increase. Only peptide ligand libraries flatten the dynamic range, and increased protein identification (59.0%). Albumin and immunoglobulins are successfully depleted (60.7% and 35.9%, respectively). Although further studies will be required for reinforcing our observations, this work can provide a useful guide for cat plasma pretreatment in biomarker discovery studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carcangiu
- Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Novara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pisanu
- Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Alghero, Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Tore
- Sardegna Ricerche, Piscina Manna, Pula, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Filippa Addis
- Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Alghero, Sassari, Italy
| | - Eric Zini
- Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Novara, Italy.,Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Sergio Uzzau
- Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Alghero, Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniela Pagnozzi
- Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Alghero, Sassari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Imanaka-Yoshida K, Matsumoto KI. Multiple Roles of Tenascins in Homeostasis and Pathophysiology of Aorta. Ann Vasc Dis 2018; 11:169-180. [PMID: 30116408 PMCID: PMC6094038 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.17-00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins. Four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, and -W) have been identified to date. Each member consists of the same types of structural domains and exhibits time- and tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting their specific roles in embryonic development and tissue remodeling. Among them, the significant involvement of tenascin-C (TNC) and tenascin-X (TNX) in the progression of vascular diseases has been examined in detail. TNC is strongly up-regulated under pathological conditions, induced by a number of inflammatory mediators and mechanical stress. TNC has diverse functions, particularly in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Recent studies suggest that TNC is involved in the pathophysiology of aneurysmal and dissecting lesions, in part by protecting the vascular wall from destructive mechanical stress. TNX is strongly expressed in vascular walls, and its distribution is often reciprocal to that of TNC. TNX is involved in the stability and maintenance of the collagen network and elastin fibers. A deficiency in TNX results in a form of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS). Although their exact roles in vascular diseases have not yet been elucidated, TNC and TNX are now being recognized as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and risk stratification of vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miller WL, Merke DP. Tenascin-X, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, and the CAH-X Syndrome. Horm Res Paediatr 2018; 89:352-361. [PMID: 29734195 PMCID: PMC6057477 DOI: 10.1159/000481911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the CYP21A2 gene encoding adrenal 21-hydroxylase cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The CYP21A2 gene is partially overlapped by the TNXB gene, which encodes an extracellular matrix protein called Tenascin-X (TNX). Mutations affecting both alleles of TNXB cause a severe, autosomal recessive form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Rarely, patients with severe, salt-wasting CAH have deletions of CYP21A2 that extend into TNXB, resulting in a "contiguous gene syndrome" consisting of CAH and EDS. Heterozygosity for TNXB mutations causing haploinsufficiency of TNX may be associated with the mild "hypermobility form" of EDS, which principally affects small and large joints. Studies of patients with salt-wasting CAH found that up to 10% had clinical features of EDS, associated joint hypermobility, haploinsufficiency of TNX and heterozygosity for TNXB mutations, now called "CAH-X." These patients have joint hypermobility and a spectrum of other comorbidities associated with their connective tissue disorder, including chronic arthralgia, joint subluxations, hernias, and cardiac defects. Other disorders are beginning to be associated with TNX deficiency, including familial vesicoureteral reflux and neurologic disorders. Further work is needed to delineate the full spectrum of TNX-deficient disorders, with and without associated CAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter L Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Reproductive Sciences, and Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Deborah P Merke
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hirayama-Kurogi M, Takizawa Y, Kunii Y, Matsumoto J, Wada A, Hino M, Akatsu H, Hashizume Y, Yamamoto S, Kondo T, Ito S, Tachikawa M, Niwa SI, Yabe H, Terasaki T, Setou M, Ohtsuki S. Downregulation of GNA13-ERK network in prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia brain identified by combined focused and targeted quantitative proteomics. J Proteomics 2017; 158:31-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|