1
|
Lucaciu LA, Seicean R, Uifălean A, Iacobescu M, Iuga CA, Seicean A. Unveiling Distinct Proteomic Signatures in Complicated Crohn's Disease That Could Predict the Disease Course. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16966. [PMID: 38069288 PMCID: PMC10707401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by a chronic, progressive inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract often leading to complications, such as strictures and fistulae. Currently, there are no validated tools anticipating short- and long-term outcomes at an early stage. This investigation aims to elucidate variations in protein abundance across distinct CD phenotypes with the objective of uncovering potential biomarkers implicated in disease advancement. Serum samples collected from 30 CD patients and 15 healthy age-matched controls (HC) were subjected to depletion of highly abundant proteins and to a label-free mass spectrometry analysis. Twenty-four proteins were shown to be significantly different when comparing CD with HC. Of these, WD repeat-containing protein 31 (WDR31), and proteins involved in the acute inflammatory response, leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) and serum amyloid A1 (SAA1), were more abundant in the aggressive subgroup. Against standard biomarkers, a positive correlation between SAA1 and WDR31 and C-reactive protein (CRP) was found. In this study, a unique serum biomarker panel for aggressive CD was identified, which could aid in predicting the disease course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Lucaciu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor 19-21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.A.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Radu Seicean
- Department of General Surgery, First Surgical Clinic, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 3-5, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alina Uifălean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.U.); (C.A.I.)
| | - Maria Iacobescu
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, MEDFUTURE-Research Centre for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur 4, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina A. Iuga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.U.); (C.A.I.)
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, MEDFUTURE-Research Centre for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur 4, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Seicean
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor 19-21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.A.L.); (A.S.)
- “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Croitorilor Street No. 19-21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tan G, Baby B, Zhou Y, Wu T. Emerging Molecular Markers Towards Potential Diagnostic Panels for Lupus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:808839. [PMID: 35095896 PMCID: PMC8792845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.808839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease which can affect various tissues and organs, posing significant challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The etiology of SLE is highly complex with contributions from environmental factors, stochastic factors as well as genetic susceptibility. The current criteria for diagnosing SLE is based primarily on a combination of clinical presentations and traditional lab testing. However, these tests have suboptimal sensitivity and specificity. They are unable to indicate disease cause or guide physicians in decision-making for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a more accurate and robust tool for effective clinical management and drug development in lupus patients. It is fortunate that the emerging Omics have empowered scientists in the discovery and identification of potential novel biomarkers of SLE, especially the markers from blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), and other bodily fluids. However, many of these markers have not been carefully validated for clinical use. In addition, it is apparent that individual biomarkers lack sensitivity or specificity. This review summarizes the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic value of emerging biomarkers from recent studies, and discusses the potential of these markers in the development of biomarker panel based diagnostics or disease monitoring system in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gongjun Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Binila Baby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yuqiu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tianfu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
De Rossi G, Da Vitoria Lobo ME, Greenwood J, Moss SE. LRG1 as a novel therapeutic target in eye disease. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:328-340. [PMID: 34987199 PMCID: PMC8807626 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal and choroidal diseases are major causes of blindness and visual impairment in the developed world and on the rise due to an ageing population and diabetes epidemic. Standard of care is centred around blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but despite having halved the number of patients losing sight, a high rate of patient non-response and loss of efficacy over time are key challenges. Dysregulation of vascular homoeostasis, coupled with fibrosis and inflammation, are major culprits driving sight-threatening eye diseases. Improving our knowledge of these pathological processes should inform the development of new drugs to address the current clinical challenges for patients. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an emerging key player in vascular dysfunction, inflammation and fibrosis. Under physiological conditions, LRG1 is constitutively expressed by the liver and granulocytes, but little is known about its normal biological function. In pathological scenarios, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD), its expression is ectopically upregulated and it acquires a much better understood pathogenic role. Context-dependent modulation of the transforming growth-factor β (TGFβ) pathway is one of the main activities of LRG1, but additional roles have recently been emerging. This review aims to highlight the clinical and pre-clinical evidence for the pathogenic contribution of LRG1 to vascular retinopathies, as well as extrapolate from other diseases, functions which may be relevant to eye disease. Finally, we will provide a current update on the development of anti-LRG1 therapies for the treatment of nvAMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia De Rossi
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | | | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yasutomi E, Inokuchi T, Hiraoka S, Takei K, Igawa S, Yamamoto S, Ohmori M, Oka S, Yamasaki Y, Kinugasa H, Takahara M, Harada K, Furukawa M, Itoshima K, Okada K, Otsuka F, Tanaka T, Mitsuhashi T, Kato J, Okada H. Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein as a marker of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11086. [PMID: 34045529 PMCID: PMC8160157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) may be a novel serum biomarker for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The association of LRG with the endoscopic activity and predictability of mucosal healing (MH) was determined and compared with those of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal markers (fecal immunochemical test [FIT] and fecal calprotectin [Fcal]) in 166 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 56 Crohn's disease (CD) patients. In UC, LRG was correlated with the endoscopic activity and could predict MH, but the performance was not superior to that of fecal markers (areas under the curve [AUCs] for predicting MH: LRG: 0.61, CRP: 0.59, FIT: 0.75, and Fcal: 0.72). In CD, the performance of LRG was equivalent to that of CRP and Fcal (AUCs for predicting MH: LRG: 0.82, CRP: 0.82, FIT: 0.70, and Fcal: 0.88). LRG was able to discriminate patients with MH from those with endoscopic activity among UC and CD patients with normal CRP levels. LRG was associated with endoscopic activity and could predict MH in both UC and CD patients. It may be particularly useful in CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Yasutomi
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Toshihiro Inokuchi
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Sakiko Hiraoka
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Kensuke Takei
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Shoko Igawa
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Shumpei Yamamoto
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Masayasu Ohmori
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Shohei Oka
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Yasushi Yamasaki
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Hideaki Kinugasa
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahara
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Keita Harada
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Masaki Furukawa
- grid.412342.20000 0004 0631 9477Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kouichi Itoshima
- grid.412342.20000 0004 0631 9477Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Okada
- grid.412342.20000 0004 0631 9477Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- grid.412342.20000 0004 0631 9477Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan ,grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tanaka
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Mitsuhashi
- grid.412342.20000 0004 0631 9477Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Kato
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ohta H, Tamura Y, Yokoyama N, Nagata N, Osuga T, Sasaki N, Kagawa Y, Morishita K, Takiguchi M. Gene expression of leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein in the polypoid lesion of inflammatory colorectal polyps in miniature dachshunds. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:1445-1449. [PMID: 32759576 PMCID: PMC7653302 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) in miniature dachshunds (MDs) are speculated to be a breed-specific inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) has been identified as a novel biomarker of human IBD. The aim of this study was to examine LRG gene expression in the polypoid lesions of ICRPs. Polypoid lesion specimens were collected from 24 MDs with ICRPs. Nonpolypoid colonic mucosa was collected from 18 MDs with ICRPs and 10 controls. The gene expression of LRG, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-22 was examined. The expression of LRG gene was significantly increased in the polypoid lesions of ICRPs and correlated with that of the four cytokines. In conclusion, the LRG gene was expressed within the polypoid lesions of ICRPs and might be associated with local cytokine expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yu Tamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.,Present address: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Nozomu Yokoyama
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Osuga
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Noboru Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kagawa
- NORTH LAB, Hondori 2-chome, kita8-35, Shiroishi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 003-0027, Japan
| | - Keitaro Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Y, Luo R, Cheng Y, Liu T, Dai W, Li Y, Ge S, Xu G. Leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein-1 upregulation in plasma and kidney of patients with lupus nephritis. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:122. [PMID: 32252660 PMCID: PMC7137487 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) has been observed in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. We aimed to explore the expression and role of LRG1 in lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS Plasma LRG1 (pLRG1) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 101 patients with renal biopsy-proven LN and 21 healthy controls (HC). Relationships between pLRG1 and clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed. The expression of LRG1 in peripheral blood leukocytes and kidney was detected by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, respectively. Further cell experiments were focused on the role of LRG1. RESULTS We found that LRG1 was expressed in plasma, some peripheral blood leukocytes, proximal tubule and several inflammatory cells. The levels of LRG1 in plasma, peripheral blood leukocytes and kidney were elevated in LN patients as compared to HC. Plasma expression levels of LRG1 correlated positively with renal function and renal disease activity, and reflect specific pathologic lesions in the kidneys of patients with LN. Interleukin-1β and interleukin-6, not tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon γ induced the LRG1 expression in human renal tubular epithelial cell line. Moreover, stimulation of recombinant human LRG1 could inhibit late apoptosis, promote proliferation and regulate expression of inflammatory factors and cytokines. CONCLUSIONS Plasma expression levels of LRG1 were associated with renal function, disease activity, and pathology in LN. It might also be involved in renal inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis of endothelial cells. LRG1 might be a potential prognosis novel predictor in LN patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichun Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqiang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwang Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Plasma Leucine-Rich α-2-Glycoprotein 1 Predicts Cardiovascular Disease Risk in End-Stage Renal Disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5988. [PMID: 32249825 PMCID: PMC7136266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma leucine-Rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an innovative biomarker for inflammation and angiogenesis. Many adverse pathophysiological changes including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and premature mortality is associated with End-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, whether levels of plasma LRG1 correlate with the co-morbidities of ESRD patients is unknown. Plasma LRG1 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were analyzed by ELISA in 169 hemodialysis patients from the Immunity in ESRD (iESRD) study. Patient demographics and comorbidities at the time of enrollment were recorded. Peripheral blood monocyte and T cell subsets were assessed by multicolor flow cytometry. In the univariate analysis, a higher level of LRG1 was associated with the presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). In multivariate logistic regression models, higher LRG1 tertile was significantly associated with PAOD (odds ratio = 3.49) and CVD (odds ratio = 1.65), but not with coronary artery disease, history of myocardial infarction, or stroke after adjusting for gender, diabetes, hemoglobin, albumin, calcium-phosphate product, and level of hsCRP. In addition, the level of LRG1 had a positive correlation with IL-6, hsCRP, and also more advanced T cell differentiation. The association suggests that LRG1 participates in the progression of atherosclerosis by inducing inflammation. Therefore, the role of LRG1 in coexisting inflammatory response should be further investigated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with ESRD.
Collapse
|