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Wong TS, Belaramani KM, Chan CK, Chan WK, Chan WLL, Chang SK, Cheung SN, Cheung KY, Cheung YF, Chong SCJ, Chow CKJ, Chung HYB, Fan SYF, Fok WMJ, Fong KW, Fung THS, Hui KF, Hui TH, Hui J, Ko CH, Kwan MC, Kwok MKA, Kwok SSJ, Lai MS, Lam YO, Lam CW, Lau MC, Law CYE, Lee WC, Lee HCH, Lee CN, Leung KH, Leung KY, Li SH, Ling TKJ, Liu KTT, Lo FM, Lui HT, Luk CO, Luk HM, Ma CK, Ma K, Ma KH, Mew YN, Mo A, Ng SF, Poon WKG, Rodenburg R, Sheng B, Smeitink J, Szeto CLC, Tai SM, Tse CTA, Tsung LYL, Wong HMJ, Wong WYW, Wong KK, Wong SNS, Wong CNV, Wong WSS, Wong CKF, Wu SP, Wu HFJ, Yau MM, Yau KCE, Yeung WL, Yeung HMJ, Yip KKE, Young PHT, Yuan G, Yuen YPL, Yuen CL, Fung CW. Mitochondrial diseases in Hong Kong: prevalence, clinical characteristics and genetic landscape. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:43. [PMID: 36859275 PMCID: PMC9979401 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of mitochondrial diseases (MD) in Hong Kong (HK) and to evaluate the clinical characteristics and genetic landscape of MD patients in the region. METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of MD patients from participating public hospitals in HK between January 1985 to October 2020. Molecularly and/or enzymatically confirmed MD cases of any age were recruited via the Clinical Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) using relevant keywords and/or International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes under the HK Hospital Authority or through the personal recollection of treating clinicians among the investigators. RESULTS A total of 119 MD patients were recruited and analyzed in the study. The point prevalence of MD in HK was 1.02 in 100,000 people (95% confidence interval 0.81-1.28 in 100,000). 110 patients had molecularly proven MD and the other nine were diagnosed by OXPHOS enzymology analysis or mitochondrial DNA depletion analysis with unknown molecular basis. Pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial genome (72 patients) were more prevalent than those in the nuclear genome (38 patients) in our cohort. The most commonly involved organ system at disease onset was the neurological system, in which developmental delay, seizures or epilepsy, and stroke-like episodes were the most frequently reported presentations. The mortality rate in our cohort was 37%. CONCLUSION This study is a territory-wide overview of the clinical and genetic characteristics of MD patients in a Chinese population, providing the first available prevalence rate of MD in Hong Kong. The findings of this study aim to facilitate future in-depth evaluation of MD and lay the foundation to establish a local MD registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-Sum Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kiran M Belaramani
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Kong Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing-Ki Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Lun Larry Chan
- Department of Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shek-Kwan Chang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Sing-Ngai Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ka-Yin Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuk-Fai Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuk-Ching Josephine Chong
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Kwan Jasmine Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hon-Yin Brian Chung
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Sin-Ying Florence Fan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Ming Joshua Fok
- Department of Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ka-Wing Fong
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tsui-Hang Sharon Fung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Fai Hui
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Hin Hui
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Joannie Hui
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hung Ko
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Chung Kwan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Kwan Anne Kwok
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Sung-Shing Jeffrey Kwok
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Moon-Sing Lai
- Department of Medicine, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yau-On Lam
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ching-Wan Lam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Chung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yiu Eric Law
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing-Cheong Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Chih Hencher Lee
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chin-Nam Lee
- Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin-Hang Leung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kit-Yan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Siu-Hung Li
- Department of Medicine, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tsz-Ki Jacky Ling
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kam-Tim Timothy Liu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Fai-Man Lo
- Department of Health, Clinical Genetic Service, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiu-Tung Lui
- Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ching-On Luk
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ho-Ming Luk
- Clinical Genetics Service Unit, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Che-Kwan Ma
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Karen Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kam-Hung Ma
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuen-Ni Mew
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Alex Mo
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Sui-Fun Ng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing-Kit Grace Poon
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Richard Rodenburg
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medicine Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bun Sheng
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jan Smeitink
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medicine Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cheuk-Ling Charing Szeto
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuk-Mui Tai
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Choi-Ting Alan Tse
- Department of Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yan Lilian Tsung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ho-Ming June Wong
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing-Yin Winnie Wong
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Kui Wong
- Department of Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Suet-Na Sheila Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Nei Virginia Wong
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Shan Sammy Wong
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Kin Felix Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Ping Wu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiu-Fung Jerome Wu
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Mut Yau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin-Cheong Eric Yau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Lan Yeung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hon-Ming Jonas Yeung
- Department of Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin-Keung Edwin Yip
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Pui-Hong Terence Young
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuet-Ping Liz Yuen
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Lap Yuen
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheuk-Wing Fung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
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