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Kim JY, Lee T, Chung TH. Predictive cut-off values for the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio to predict metabolic syndrome in the middle-aged Korean population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:882-892. [PMID: 38413357 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The triglyceride-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio is associated with insulin resistance related diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, specific TG/HDL values that can predict MetS have not been well identified. In this study, we analyzed both cross-sectional and longitudinal data from two national Korean datasets to obtain TG/HDL cut-off values that can identify MetS and predict its occurrence. METHODS AND RESULTS To distinguish the presence and occurrence of MetS, the cut-off values were determined using the maximum F-score calculated through a logistic regression analysis. To predict new-onset MetS within 10 years, Cox proportional hazard models were used to consider the time of occurrence. The TG/HDL cut-off values of 3.97, 3.24, and 3.24 were optimal for identifying current MetS and predicting new-onset MetS within 10 years and five years, respectively, in Korean men. In Korean women, the optimal values for each task were 3.18, 2.38, and 2.26, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We suggest the TG/HDL ratio as a potential candidate predictor for MetS. Therefore, we anticipate that future studies will apply individual lipid levels as well as their combinatory values to establish models that predict the prevalence and occurrence of MetS, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University Mirae Campus, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesic Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea; Division of Data Mining and Computational Biology, Regeneration Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ha Chung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea; Research Group of Functional Medicine and Preclinical Disease, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Wang R, Fu X, Song H. Non-insulin-based insulin resistance indexes in predicting severity for coronary artery disease. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:191. [PMID: 36528713 PMCID: PMC9759860 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride glucose-body mass (TyG-BMI) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) are considered simple and reliable indicators of insulin resistance (IR). Although they have been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), evidence supporting this is limited. Here, this is the first study to demonstrate the relationship between TyG-BMI index and CAD severity. The performance of the four non-insulin-based IR indexes in predicting CAD severity was explored. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 485 CAD patients between August 2020 and August 2021 in China, who were assigned into single- and multi-vessel CAD groups according to the coronary angiography (CAG) results. All patients were stratified into groups based on the tertiles of the TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR. RESULTS Patients in the multi-vessel CAD group had significantly higher TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR than those in the single-vessel CAD group. After adjusting for confounding factors, these four indicators were significantly associated with the risk of multi-vessel CAD. Notably, the highest tertile of TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR were significantly associated with the risk of multi-vessel CAD compared to participants in the lowest tertile. We also constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, to assess CAD severity. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC plots was 0.673 (95% CI 0.620-0.726; P < 0.001) for TyG index, while those for the TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR were 0.704 (95% CI 0.652-0.755; P < 0.001), 0.652 (95% CI 0.597-0.708; P < 0.001), and 0.726 (95% CI 0.677-0.775; P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS TyG-BMI index is not only significantly associated with CAD severity, but is also an independent risk factor for multi-vessel CAD. The TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR could be valuable predictors of CAD severity. Among the four non-insulin-based IR indexes, METS-IR had the highest predictive value, followed by TyG-BMI index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruiling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuelian Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Wu Z, Cui H, Li W, Zhang Y, Liu L, Liu Z, Zhang W, Zheng T, Yang J. Comparison of three non-insulin-based insulin resistance indexes in predicting the presence and severity of coronary artery disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:918359. [PMID: 35966520 PMCID: PMC9374164 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.918359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance (IR) has emerged as a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CAD), but there is currently insufficient data on the association of non-insulin-based IR indexes [triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, and metabolic score for IR (METS-IR)] with the presence and severity of CAD. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between these three non-insulin-based IR indexes and CAD, as well as to further compare the predictive values of each index. Materials and methods In total, 802 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography for suspected CAD from January 2016 to April 2017 were included in this study and were divided into the control group (n = 149) and CAD group (n = 653) according to the angiography results. The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, triglyceride and glucose index (TyG index), and METS-IR were calculated according to the corresponding formulas. The severity of CAD was evaluated using the Gensini score (GS). The relationship of the TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG index, and METS-IR with CAD was analyzed, and the predictive values of the indexes were compared. Results The TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG index, and METS-IR in the CAD group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR in the high GS group were significantly higher than those in the non-high GS group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR were independent predictors for the presence of CAD {adjusted odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.32 (1.02-1.70) and 1.65 (1.32-2.05), respectively}, whereas only the METS-IR was an independent predictor of the severity of CAD [adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.22 (1.02-1.47)]. Further subgroup analysis indicated that statistical significance was observed only among men, younger patients (≤ 60), and patients with prediabetes mellitus (PDM). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the METS-IR had the highest predictive value for the prediction of both the presence and severity of CAD. Conclusion The TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG index, and METS-IR are valuable predictors of the presence and severity of CAD, and the METS-IR has the highest predictive value among the three non-insulin-based IR indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huiliang Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yerui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zaibao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Qihe County, Dezhou, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tengfei Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Rousseau-Ralliard D, Richard C, Hoarau P, Lallemand MS, Morillon L, Aubrière MC, Valentino SA, Dahirel M, Guinot M, Fournier N, Morin G, Mourier E, Camous S, Slama R, Cassee FR, Couturier-Tarrade A, Chavatte-Palmer P. Prenatal air pollution exposure to diesel exhaust induces cardiometabolic disorders in adulthood in a sex-specific manner. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111690. [PMID: 34273365 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results from observational and experimental studies indicate that exposure to air pollutants during gestation reduces birth weight, whereas little is known on potential cardiometabolic consequences for the offspring at adulthood. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of gestational exposure to diesel engine exhaust (DE) on adult offspring phenotype in a rabbit model. METHODS The protocol was designed to mimic human exposure in large European cities. Females rabbits were exposed to diluted (1 mg/m3) DE (exposed, n = 9) or clean air (controls, n = 7), from 3 days after mating, 2 h/d and 5 d/wk in a nose-only inhalation system throughout gestation (gestation days 3-27). After birth and weaning, 72 offspring (47 exposed and 25 controls) were raised until adulthood (7.5 months) to evaluate their cardio-metabolic status, including the monitoring of body weight and food intake, fasting biochemistry, body composition (iDXA), cardiovascular parameters and glucose tolerance. After a metabolic challenge (high fat diet in males and gestation in females), animals were euthanized for postmortem phenotyping. RESULTS Sex-specific responses to maternal exposure were observed in adult offspring. Age-related increases in blood pressure (p = 0.058), glycaemia (p = 0.029), and perirenal fat mass (p = 0.026) as well as reductions in HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.025) and fat-to-body weight ratio (p = 0.011) were observed in exposed males, suggesting a metabolic syndrome. Almost only trends were observed in exposed females with higher triglycerides and decreased bone density compared to control females. Metabolic challenges triggered or amplified some biological responses, especially in females. CONCLUSIONS In utero exposure to air pollution predisposed rabbit offspring to cardiometabolic disorders in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Christophe Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; MIMA2 Platform, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pauline Hoarau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Lucie Morillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie-Christine Aubrière
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Sarah A Valentino
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Michèle Dahirel
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marine Guinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- Lip(Sys)2 - EA 7357, Athérosclérose et macrophages: impact des phospholipides et des fonctions mitochondriales sur l'efflux du cholestérol, Université Paris Saclay, UFR de Pharmacie, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Gwendoline Morin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UE SAAJ, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Eve Mourier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvaine Camous
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, U823, IAB Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, 38700, Grenoble, France
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France; MIMA2 Platform, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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