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Yuan Y, Li H, Sreeram K, Malankhanova T, Boddu R, Strader S, Chang A, Bryant N, Yacoubian TA, Standaert DG, Erb M, Moore DJ, Sanders LH, Lutz MW, Velmeshev D, West AB. Single molecule array measures of LRRK2 kinase activity in serum link Parkinson's disease severity to peripheral inflammation. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:47. [PMID: 38862989 PMCID: PMC11167795 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LRRK2-targeting therapeutics that inhibit LRRK2 kinase activity have advanced to clinical trials in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). LRRK2 phosphorylates Rab10 on endolysosomes in phagocytic cells to promote some types of immunological responses. The identification of factors that regulate LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD, and whether phosphorylated-Rab10 levels change in different disease states, or with disease progression, may provide insights into the role of Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD and help guide therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway. METHODS Capitalizing on past work demonstrating LRRK2 and phosphorylated-Rab10 interact on vesicles that can shed into biofluids, we developed and validated a high-throughput single-molecule array assay to measure extracellular pT73-Rab10. Ratios of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 measured in biobanked serum samples were compared between informative groups of transgenic mice, rats, and a deeply phenotyped cohort of iPD cases and controls. Multivariable and weighted correlation network analyses were used to identify genetic, transcriptomic, clinical, and demographic variables that predict the extracellular pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 ratio. RESULTS pT73-Rab10 is absent in serum from Lrrk2 knockout mice but elevated by LRRK2 and VPS35 mutations, as well as SNCA expression. Bone-marrow transplantation experiments in mice show that serum pT73-Rab10 levels derive primarily from circulating immune cells. The extracellular ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 is dynamic, increasing with inflammation and rapidly decreasing with LRRK2 kinase inhibition. The ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 is elevated in iPD patients with greater motor dysfunction, irrespective of disease duration, age, sex, or the usage of PD-related or anti-inflammatory medications. pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 ratios are associated with neutrophil degranulation, antigenic responses, and suppressed platelet activation. CONCLUSIONS The extracellular serum ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 is a novel pharmacodynamic biomarker for LRRK2-linked innate immune activation associated with disease severity in iPD. We propose that those iPD patients with higher serum pT73-Rab10 levels may benefit from LRRK2-targeting therapeutics that mitigate associated deleterious immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huizhong Li
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kashyap Sreeram
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tuyana Malankhanova
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ravindra Boddu
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samuel Strader
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Allison Chang
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicole Bryant
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Talene A Yacoubian
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David G Standaert
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Madalynn Erb
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Darren J Moore
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Laurie H Sanders
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael W Lutz
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Andrew B West
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotheraputics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Liu X, Liu X, Wang H, Chen M, Zhang G, Ren D, Zhang N, Wei W. Quantitative proteomic analysis of circulating exosomes reveals the mechanism by which Triptolide protects against collagen-induced arthritis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1322. [PMID: 38888462 PMCID: PMC11184934 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triptolide (TP), a natural product derived from the herbal medicine Tripterygium wilfordii, exhibits potent immunosuppressive activity. However, the mechanisms underlying its effects in rheumatoid arthritis remain incompletely understood. METHODS Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by immunization with bovine type II collagen, and TP was administrated as treatment. The therapeutic effect of TP was evaluated based on paw swelling, histopathology, and serum levels of inflammatory factors. Exosomes isolated from rat serum were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and western blot analysis. Proteomic profiling of exosomes was analyzed by direct DIA quantitative proteomics analysis. Gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases were employed for enrichment analysis related to molecular function, biological processes, and signaling pathways. Western blot analysis was used to analyze differentially expressed proteins. RESULTS TP treatment ameliorated arthritic phenotypes in CIA rats as evidenced by reduced arthritis score, paw swelling, pathological injury severity scores, and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. The proteomic analysis revealed that TP treatment significantly inhibited complement and coagulation cascades, interleukin-17 signaling pathway, and cholesterol metabolism, which were reactivated in CIA rats. Importantly, lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were markedly upregulated in the CIA group but suppressed upon TP administration. Furthermore, in synovial tissues, LCN2 and MPO expression levels were also elevated in the CIA group but decreased following TP treatment. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that TP alleviates CIA, possibly through modulation of exosomal LCN2 and MPO proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchan Liu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesTianjin HospitalTianjinChina
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesTianjin Medical University General Hospital, Binhai HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Geng Zhang
- Department of Infectious DiseasesTianjin Medical University Baodi Clinical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Dongyun Ren
- Department of Infectious DiseasesTianjin HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
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Yuan Y, Li H, Sreeram K, Malankhanova T, Boddu R, Strader S, Chang A, Bryant N, Yacoubian TA, Standaert DG, Erb M, Moore DJ, Sanders LH, Lutz MW, Velmeshev D, West AB. Single molecule array measures of LRRK2 kinase activity in serum link Parkinson's disease severity to peripheral inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.15.589570. [PMID: 38659797 PMCID: PMC11042295 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.15.589570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Background LRRK2-targeting therapeutics that inhibit LRRK2 kinase activity have advanced to clinical trials in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). LRRK2 phosphorylates Rab10 on endolysosomes in phagocytic cells to promote some types of immunological responses. The identification of factors that regulate LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD, and whether phosphorylated-Rab10 levels change in different disease states, or with disease progression, may provide insights into the role of Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD and help guide therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway. Methods Capitalizing on past work demonstrating LRRK2 and phosphorylated-Rab10 interact on vesicles that can shed into biofluids, we developed and validated a high-throughput single-molecule array assay to measure extracellular pT73-Rab10. Ratios of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 measured in biobanked serum samples were compared between informative groups of transgenic mice, rats, and a deeply phenotyped cohort of iPD cases and controls. Multivariable and weighted correlation network analyses were used to identify genetic, transcriptomic, clinical, and demographic variables that predict the extracellular pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 ratio. Results pT73-Rab10 is absent in serum from Lrrk2 knockout mice but elevated by LRRK2 and VPS35 mutations, as well as SNCA expression. Bone-marrow transplantation experiments in mice show that serum pT73-Rab10 levels derive primarily from circulating immune cells. The extracellular ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 is dynamic, increasing with inflammation and rapidly decreasing with LRRK2 kinase inhibition. The ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 is elevated in iPD patients with greater motor dysfunction, irrespective of disease duration, age, sex, or the usage of PD-related or anti-inflammatory medications. pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 ratios are associated with neutrophil activation, antigenic responses, and the suppression of platelet activation. Conclusions The extracellular ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 in serum is a novel pharmacodynamic biomarker for LRRK2-linked innate immune activation associated with disease severity in iPD. We propose that those iPD patients with higher serum pT73-Rab10 levels may benefit from LRRK2-targeting therapeutics to mitigate associated deleterious immunological responses.
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Li X, Zhao W, Li X, Chen X, Li Y, He J, Qin Y, Li L, Zhang H. The association of SPARC with hypertension and its function in endothelial-dependent relaxation. Atherosclerosis 2024; 388:117390. [PMID: 38048752 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is involved in the pathological processes of many metabolic diseases. However, studies on the relevance of SPARC to hypertension and its involvement in endothelial function are scarce. In this study, we aim to explore the relevance of SPARC to hypertension and investigate its role in endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR). METHODS 110 patients who met the criteria were recruited as participants. Serum SPARC concentrations were determined by Luminex assay. The correlation between SPARC levels and hypertension was analyzed. After treatment with SPARC ex vivo or in vivo, endothelial-dependent relaxation (EDR) was measured by wire myography. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of proteins relevant to endothelial function. RESULTS Our results showed that serum SPARC levels were significantly higher in the hypertensive group and were positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Functional results demonstrated that SPARC dramatically impaired EDR and induced the excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelial cells. Further experimental results confirmed that SPARC reduced angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression and ACE2 overexpression or activation completely abolished the impairing effect of SPARC on endothelial function. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals the correlation between elevated SPARC and hypertension and confirms its adverse effect on endothelial function, helping establish a comprehensive understanding of hypertension-related endothelial dysfunction in a new scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xueying Chen
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianxun He
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Laboratory, Beijing an Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Linghai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, 101149, Beijing, China
| | - Huina Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Manica D, Sandri G, da Silva GB, Manica A, da Silva Rosa Bonadiman B, Dos Santos D, Flores ÉMM, Bolzan RC, Barcelos RCS, Tomazoni F, Suthovski G, Bagatini MD, Benvegnú DM. Evaluation of the effects of metformin on antioxidant biomarkers and mineral levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108497. [PMID: 37209504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension are considered serious public health problems. Several studies have shown that oxidative stress is usually related to the onset of DM and hypertension, as well their associated complications. Moreover, the levels of some minerals are closely related to the pathophysiology of these diseases. Thus, in this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of metformin on the redox profile and mineral levels in the serum of patients with DM type 2 and hypertension. We also tested the effect of metformin on the viability and redox profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for 24 h. As expected, we found that patients with type 2 DM and hypertension + type 2 DM had higher fasting glucose and triglyceride levels. As groundbreaking research, we found that both patients DM type 2 and Hypertension + DM type 2 had reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. On the other hand, the levels of total thiols (PSH) and vitamin C were increased. There was no statistical significance for the alterations in mineral levels. In addition, metformin treatment had no cytotoxic effect on PBMCs. Similarly, in patients of both groups, MPO activity was reduced and PSH levels were increased in PBMCs. We have shown that metformin is a drug with a protective effect in patients with DM type 2 against oxidative stress by reducing MPO activity and improving the levels of PSH and antioxidant defenders such as vitamin C. The results of in vitro assays support the antioxidant effect of metformin. Furthermore, we suggest studies to assess the biochemical mechanisms of metformin and how it can be used in a pharmacological therapeutic perspective against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Manica
- Post-graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Sandri
- Post Graduate Program of Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production on Fronteira Sul, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, PR, Brazil
| | - Gilnei Bruno da Silva
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Aline Manica
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences of the Community University of Chapecó Region - Unochapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Beatriz da Silva Rosa Bonadiman
- School of Health, Area of Biological and Health Sciences, Community University of Chapecó Region - Unochapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fernanda Tomazoni
- Graduate Program in Dental Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Suthovski
- Post Graduate Program of Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production on Fronteira Sul, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, PR, Brazil
| | - Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Post Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Dalila Moter Benvegnú
- Post Graduate Program of Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production on Fronteira Sul, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, PR, Brazil
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Ebirim CG, Esan O, Adetona MO, Oyagbemi AA, Omobowale TO, Oladele OA, Adedapo AA, Oguntibeju OO, Yakubu MA. Naringin administration mitigates oxidative stress, anemia, and hypertension in lead acetate-induced cardio-renal dysfunction in cockerel chicks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34890-34903. [PMID: 36520287 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lead is one of the major pollutants that is harmful to both animals and humans. It is found in every aspect of the environment such as the air, water, and soil. This pollutant affects both wild and domestic birds. Naringin has an active principle called flavonoid that has been found to have medicinal properties, mostly because of its antioxidant and metal chelating properties. This study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of naringin as an antioxidant against lead-induced anemia, cardio and nephrotoxicity, and hypertension. This study also aimed at elucidating the use of naringin as a heavy metal binder in poultry feed. Thirty-six cockerel chicks were used for this study, and randomly grouped into six groups per group; group A served as the control, group B received Pb-only (300 ppm), group C (Pb and naringin; 80 mg/kg), group D (Pb and naringin; 160 mg/kg), group E (naringin 80 mg/kg), and group F (naringin 160 mg/kg), respectively, for 8 weeks. Lead (Pb) was administered via drinking water, while naringin was administered via oral gavage. Lead acetate intoxication precipitated anemia as indicated by significant reductions in the values of PCV, RBC, and Hb concentration in lead-treated chicks when compared with the controls. Also, lead administration induced hypertension together with increased oxidative stress, depletion of the antioxidant defense system, reduced nitric oxide production, and an increase in high blood pressure. Immunohistochemistry indicated high expressions of cardiac troponin, renal angiotensin-converting enzymes, and renal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. Treatment with naringin corrected anemia, reduced oxidative stress, improved antioxidant system, reduced high blood pressure, and offered protection against lead acetate-induced cardio-renal dysfunction in cockerel chicks. We recommend that naringin should be incorporated poultry feeds as a metal binder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinomso Gift Ebirim
- Institute of Earth and Life Sciences Institute, Pan African University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun Esan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Moses Olusola Adetona
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Omolade Abodunrin Oladele
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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Zhao W, Li X, Li X, Peng L, Li Y, Du Y, He J, Qin Y, Zhang H. Significant increase of serum extracellular vesicle-packaged growth differentiation factor 15 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:37. [PMID: 36658625 PMCID: PMC9850700 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-inducible factor involved in the inflammatory progression of many complications, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Growing evidence suggests that molecules in extracellular vesicles (EVs) are associated with diabetes or diabetes-related complications. However, the correlation between serum extracellular vesicle-derived growth differentiation factor15 (EV-GDF15) and T2DM is unknown. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate whether serum EV-GDF15 is associated with T2DM incidence. METHODS 116 individuals, including 78 T2DM and 38 non-T2DM, were recruited as participants. The concentrations of serum EV-GDF15 and serum GDF15 were determined by Luminex assay. Serum EVs were obtained by ultracentrifugation. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the association between serum GDF15 levels and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as well as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The association of serum EV-GDF15 levels with T2DM was determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Our data showed that the levels of serum EV-GDF15 and serum GDF15 were significantly increased in T2DM patients compared with non-T2DM subjects (EV-GDF15 levels, 13.68 (6.61-23.44) pg/mL vs. 5.56 (3.44-12.09) pg/mL, P < 0.001; and serum GDF15 levels, 1025.49 (677.87-1626.36) pg/mL vs. 675.46 (469.53-919.98) pg/mL, P < 0.001). There was a linear correlation between EV-GDF15 levels and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels (normalized β = 0.357, P < 0.001; normalized β = 0.409, P < 0.001, respectively). Elevated levels of EV-GDF15 were accompanied by an increase in the proportion of patients with T2DM (from 47.5 to 78.9%) and a progressive independent association with the incidence of T2DM (from OR = 3.06, 95% CI 1.02-9.19, P = 0.047 to OR = 3.75, 95% CI 1.14-12.26, P = 0.029). Notably, high levels of serum GDF15 plus high levels of serum EV-GDF15 were significantly associated with T2DM more than either alone. CONCLUSION This study elucidated that increased levels of GDF15 in serum EVs were independently associated with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Xinwei Li
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Xinxin Li
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Lu Peng
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yu Li
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yunhui Du
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Jianxun He
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital Laboratory Department, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Huina Zhang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029 China
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Jakubiak GK, Cieślar G, Stanek A. Nitrotyrosine, Nitrated Lipoproteins, and Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: What Do We Know and What Remains to Be Explained? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050856. [PMID: 35624720 PMCID: PMC9137700 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in the population of patients living with DM. DM is associated with lipid metabolism disorders characterized by a decrease in the high-density lipoprotein blood concentration, an increase in the triglyceride blood concentration, and the presence of modified lipoproteins not routinely measured in clinical practice. Nitrated lipoproteins are produced by the nitration of the tyrosyl residues of apolipoproteins by myeloperoxidase. There is some evidence from the research conducted showing that nitrated lipoproteins may play a role in the development of cardiovascular dysfunction, but this issue requires further investigation. It was found that the nitration of HDL particles was associated with a decrease in caspase-3 and paraoxonase-1 activity, as well as a decrease in the activity of cholesterol transport via ABCA1, which reduces the protective effect of HDL particles on the cardiovascular system. Less information has been collected about the role of nitrated LDL particles. Thus far, much more information has been obtained on the relationship of nitrotyrosine expression with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and the development of cardiovascular dysfunction. The purpose of this paper is to provide an extensive review of the literature and to present the most important information on the current state of knowledge on the association between nitrotyrosine and nitrated lipoproteins with dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, especially in patients living with DM. Moreover, directions for future research in this area were discussed.
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He Y, Tan J, Han X. High-Resolution Computer Tomography Image Features of Lungs for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes under the Faster-Region Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4147365. [PMID: 35509859 PMCID: PMC9061003 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4147365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to adopt the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) technology based on the faster-region recurrent convolutional neural network (Faster-RCNN) algorithm to evaluate the lung infection in patients with type 2 diabetes, so as to analyze the application value of imaging features in the assessment of pulmonary disease in type 2 diabetes. In this study, 176 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into different groups based on gender, course of disease, age, glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1c), 2 h C peptide (2 h C-P) after meal, fasting C peptide (FC-P), and complications. The research objects were performed with HRCT scan, and the Faster-RCNN algorithm model was built to obtain the imaging features. The relationships between HRCT imaging features and 2 h C-P, FC-P, HbA1c, gender, course of disease, age, and complications were analyzed comprehensively. The results showed that there were no significant differences in HRCT scores between male and female patients, patients of various ages, and patients with different HbA1c contents (P > 0.05). As the course of disease and complications increased, HRCT scores of patients increased obviously (P < 0.05). The HRCT score decreased dramatically with the increase in the contents of 2 h C-P and FC-P after the meal (P < 0.05). In addition, the results of the Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the course of disease and complications were positively correlated with the HRCT scores, while the 2 h C-P and FC-P levels after meal were negatively correlated with the HRCT scores. The receiver operating curve (ROC) showed that the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of HRCT imaging based on Faster-RCNN algorithm were 90.12%, 90.43%, and 83.64%, respectively, in diagnosing lung infection of patients with type 2 diabetes. In summary, the HRCT imaging features based on the Faster-RCNN algorithm can provide effective reference information for the diagnosis and condition assessment of lung infection in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei He
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000 Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiuping Han
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000 Shaanxi, China
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