1
|
Qiao B, Lin FY, Fu D, Li SJ, Zhang T, Lan Y. Mechanistic insights into facilitating reductive elimination from Ni(II) species. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8008-8019. [PMID: 39005163 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02667e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Reductive elimination is a key step in Ni-catalysed cross-couplings, which is often considered to result in new covalent bonds. Due to the weak oxidizing ability of Ni(II) species, reductive eliminations from Ni(II) centers are challenging. A thorough mechanistic understanding of this process could inspire the rational design of Ni-catalysed coupling reactions. In this article, we give an overview of recent advances in the mechanistic study of reductive elimination from Ni(II) species achieved by our group. Three possible models for reductive elimination from Ni(II) species were investigated and discussed, including direct reductive elimination, electron density-controlled reductive elimination, and oxidation-induced reductive elimination. Notably, the direct reductive elimination from Ni(II) species often requires a high activation energy in some cases. In contrast, the electron density-controlled and oxidation-induced reductive elimination pathways can significantly enhance the driving force for reductive elimination, accelerating the formation of new covalent bonds. The intricate reaction mechanisms for each of these pathways are thoroughly discussed and systematically summarized in this paper. These computational studies showcase the characteristics of three models for reductive elimination from Ni(II) species, and we hope that it will spur the development of mechanistic studies of cross-coupling reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Qiao
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Fa-You Lin
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dongmin Fu
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
- Institute of Intelligent Innovation, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 451162, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
- Pingyuan Laboratory, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren C, Zhang H, Chen Z, Gao J, Yang M, Yuan Z, Li X. A Novel Utilization of Water Extract of Suaeda Salsa in the Pd/C Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reaction. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196623. [PMID: 36235160 PMCID: PMC9573658 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Using biomass-derived solvents in various organic reactions is challenging for the fine chemicals industry. We herein report a Pd/C catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction in water extract of suaeda salsa (WES) without using external phosphine ligand, base, and organic solvent. The cross-coupling reactions were carried out in a basic WES medium with a broad substrate scope and wide functional group tolerance. Furthermore, the high purity of solid biaryl products can be obtained by column chromatography or filtration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyue Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Zhengjun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Guizhou International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base for Medical Photo-Theranostics Technology and Innovative Drug Development, Zunyi 563003, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Mingyan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Guizhou International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base for Medical Photo-Theranostics Technology and Innovative Drug Development, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Zeli Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Guizhou International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base for Medical Photo-Theranostics Technology and Innovative Drug Development, Zunyi 563003, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinmin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Guizhou International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base for Medical Photo-Theranostics Technology and Innovative Drug Development, Zunyi 563003, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A Novel Mixed Ag–Pd Nanoparticles Supported on SBA Silica Through [DMAP-TMSP-DABCO]OH Basic Ionic Liquid for Suzuki Coupling Reaction. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
4
|
Egan-Morriss C, Kimber RL, Powell NA, Lloyd JR. Biotechnological synthesis of Pd-based nanoparticle catalysts. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:654-679. [PMID: 35224444 PMCID: PMC8805459 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00686j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Palladium metal nanoparticles are excellent catalysts used industrially for reactions such as hydrogenation and Heck and Suzuki C-C coupling reactions. However, the global demand for Pd far exceeds global supply, therefore the sustainable use and recycling of Pd is vital. Conventional chemical synthesis routes of Pd metal nanoparticles do not meet sustainability targets due to the use of toxic chemicals, such as organic solvents and capping agents. Microbes are capable of bioreducing soluble high oxidation state metal ions to form metal nanoparticles at ambient temperature and pressure, without the need for toxic chemicals. Microbes can also reduce metal from waste solutions, revalorising these waste streams and allowing the reuse of precious metals. Pd nanoparticles supported on microbial cells (bio-Pd) can catalyse a wide array of reactions, even outperforming commercial heterogeneous Pd catalysts in several studies. However, to be considered a viable commercial option, the intrinsic activity and selectivity of bio-Pd must be enhanced. Many types of microorganisms can produce bio-Pd, although most studies so far have been performed using bacteria, with metal reduction mediated by hydrogenase or formate dehydrogenase enzymes. Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) possess additional enzymes adapted for extracellular electron transport that potentially offer greater control over the properties of the nanoparticles produced. A recent and important addition to the field are bio-bimetallic nanoparticles, which significantly enhance the catalytic properties of bio-Pd. In addition, systems biology can integrate bio-Pd into biocatalytic processes, and processing techniques may enhance the catalytic properties further, such as incorporating additional functional nanomaterials. This review aims to highlight aspects of enzymatic metal reduction processes that can be bioengineered to control the size, shape, and cellular location of bio-Pd in order to optimise its catalytic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Egan-Morriss
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester UK
| | - Richard L Kimber
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna 1090 Vienna Austria
| | | | - Jonathan R Lloyd
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shaikh NM, Sawant AD, Bagihalli GB, Challa M, Adimule VM. Highly Active Mixed Au–Pd Nanoparticles Supported on RHA Silica Through Immobilised Ionic Liquid for Suzuki Coupling Reaction. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Ding Y, Chen R, Ma Y. One‐pot Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of Phenanthridines via Suzuki Coupling/C−H Oxidation/Aromatization. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Ding
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Rener Chen
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Ma
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Z, Bai X. One-pot synthesis of bio-supported Pd nanoparticles by using clove leaf and their catalytic performance for Suzuki coupling reaction. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
8
|
de Souza GBM, Ribeiro TSS, Mourão LC, Pereira MB, Leles MIG, Lião LM, de Oliveira GR, Alonso CG. Nb 2O 5 supported catalysts for cross-coupling reactions. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1786075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiago Soares Silva Ribeiro
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas Clementino Mourão
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bisinotto Pereira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Gonçalves Leles
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Luciano Morais Lião
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Roberto de Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Christian Gonçalves Alonso
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gholinejad M, Naghshbandi Z, Nájera C. Carbon‐Derived Supports for Palladium Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Carbon‐Carbon Bonds Formation. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201802101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Gholinejad
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) P. O. Box 45195–1159, Gavazang Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
- Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST)Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Zhwan Naghshbandi
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) P. O. Box 45195–1159, Gavazang Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Carmen Nájera
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Universidad de Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080- Alicante Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu L, Zhao K, Li W, Liu M, Chen Y, Dong Y. Synthesis of heterobiaryls via Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction of potassium aryltrifluoroborates with heteroaryl halides in aqueous systems. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leifang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Dezhou University; Dezhou 253023 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Dezhou University; Dezhou 253023 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Dezhou University; Dezhou 253023 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingli Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Dezhou University; Dezhou 253023 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Dezhou University; Dezhou 253023 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Dezhou University; Dezhou 253023 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Z, Wang F, Liu Z, He S, Pu X, Yang Y, Gao G. Direct C–H/C–H cross-coupling of benzimidates with heteroarenes to access biheteroaryl-2-carbonitriles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10599-10602. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05314j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A rhodium(iii)-catalyzed oxidative C–H/C–H cross-coupling of benzimidates with various heteroarenes has been devloped to directly furnish biheteroaryl-2-carbonitriles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Shuang He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Xingwen Pu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yudong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu HB, Zhu YY, Yang JH, Chai XY, Dong L. Rhodium-catalyzed biheteroaryl-2-carbonitrile synthesis via double C–H activation. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01114e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed double C–H activation and in situ dealcoholization to generate biheteroaryl-2-carbonitriles have been developed via a CDC mechanism, in which benzimidates act as both directing groups and the precursors of nitrile groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Bei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Yan-Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Jia-Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Xin-Yue Chai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li X, Ma Y, Hu Q, Jiang B, Wu Q, Yuan Z. Oxygen-promoted Suzuki–Miyaura reaction of aryl fluorosulfates and potassium aryltrifluoroborates: Mild and efficient access to biaryls and terphenyls. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
14
|
Li X, Zhang H, Feng F, Hu Q, Yuan Z. Palladium‐Catalyzed Ligand‐Free Suzuki–Miyaura Reaction of Aryl Fluorosulfates and Various Arylboron Compounds. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Li
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Hang Zhang
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Fangfang Feng
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Qinghong Hu
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Zeli Yuan
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu X, Astruc D. Development of the Applications of Palladium on Charcoal in Organic Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials; China Three Gorges University, Yichang; Hubei 443002 People's Republic of China
| | - Didier Astruc
- ISM, UMR CNRS 5255; Université de Bordeaux; 351 Cours de la Libération 33405 Talence Cedex France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li X, Teng Y, Feng F, Hu Q, Yuan Z. Aqueous Suzuki‐Miyaura Reaction with 0.6 Equiv. of Base: Green and Efficient Access to Biaryls and Unsymmetrical Terphenyls. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Li
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Yong Teng
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Fangfang Feng
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Qinghong Hu
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Zeli Yuan
- School of PharmacyZunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Leng XL, Song LL, Lu Y, Liu XQ, Wang L. Observations of carbon–carbon coupling of 4,4ʺ-dibromo- p -terphenyl on Cu(110) surface at molecular level. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
18
|
Liu HN, Li F, Luo YM, Zhu WF. Steroidal alkaloids from the bulbs of Fritillaria monatha. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|