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Levin VV, Dilman AD. Visible-Light Promoted Radical Fluoroalkylation of O- and N-Substituted Alkenes. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300038. [PMID: 37017493 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of enol ethers enol acetates, enamides and enamines with fluorinated reagents may be considered as a reliable method for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. While classic nucleophile/electrophile substitution or addition mechanisms cannot be realized for coupling of these components, their intrinsic reactivities are revealed with the aid of photoredox catalysis. A combination of these electron donating and accepting components provides a perfect balance needed for individual redox steps, which in some cases may proceed even without a photocatalyst. The same electronic factors also support the key C,C-bond forming event involving addition of fluorinated radical at the electron rich double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalij V Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991, Moscow, Leninsky prosp. 47, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991, Moscow, Leninsky prosp. 47, Russian Federation
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Wu MC, Chen YX, Li MZ, Xiao JA, Ye ZP, Guan JP, Xiang HY, Chen K, Yang H. Photocatalyzed Defluorinative Dichloromethylation of α-CF 3 Alkenes Using CHCl 3 as the Radical Source. J Org Chem 2022; 88:6354-6363. [PMID: 35723452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced defluorinative dichloromethylation of α-CF3 alkenes was developed with cheap and readily accessible chloroform simultaneously as a dichloromethylation reagent and reaction medium, leading to the facile preparation of new polyhalogenated scaffolds. Notably, the change from CHCl3 to CDCl3 offers a straightforward pathway for accessing the deuterated analogues with excellent degrees of D incorporation. Mechanistic studies suggested the reaction underwent a radical addition of the dichloromethyl radical with alkenes, followed by sequential single-electron transfer and defluorination. This protocol features mild conditions, easy operation, facile scalability, and high efficiency, allowing convenient access to dichloronated gem-difluoroalkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418008, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Zhi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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Jain A, Ameta C. Novel Way to Harness Solar Energy: Photo-Redox Catalysis in Organic Synthesis. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s002315842002007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Kozak W, Demkowicz S, Daśko M, Rachon J, Rak J. Modifications at the C(5) position of pyrimidine nucleosides. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the state of knowledge on the chemical methods of C(5)-modifications of uridine and cytidine derivatives and may serve as a useful tool for synthetic chemists to choose an appropriate reaction protocol. The synthesis of 5-substituted uracil derivatives is gaining an increasing interest because of their possible applications in medicine and pharmacy. Modifications at the C(5) position of pyrimidine nucleosides can enhance their biostability, bioavailability or(and) biological activity. Among the C(5)-modified nucleosides, 5-halopyrimidines exhibit anticancer, antiviral, radio- and photosensitizing properties. Besides 5-halo-substituted derivatives, there are other examples of nucleosides with confirmed biological activity containing a C–C bond at the C(5) position in the pyrimidine ring. In recent decades, scientists have achieved great progress in the field of cross-coupling reactions. Among them, nickel-catalyzed processes provide a broad spectrum of synthetic methods that are based on less toxic and cheaper starting materials. This review summarizes the synthetic approaches based on the coupling or halogenation reactions, which enable 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides to be obtained. Moreover, the importance of the systems considered for medicine and pharmacy is briefly discussed.
The bibliography includes 197 references.
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Visible light induced the high-efficiency spirocyclization reaction of propynamide and thiophenols via recyclable catalyst Pd/ZrO2. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sun Y, Zhang G. Photoinduced Decarboxylative Amino‐Fluoroalkylation of Maleic Anhydride. Chemistry 2019; 26:419-422. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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Mao T, Zhao L, Huang Y, Lou YG, Yao Q, Li XF, He CY. N -Difluoromethylation of imidazoles and pyrazoles using BrCF 2 PO(OEt) 2 under mild condition. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang L, Xiong D, Jie L, Yu C, Cui X. Rhodium-catalyzed oxidative homologation of N-pyrimidyl indolines with alkynes via dual C H activation: Facile synthesis of benzo[g]indolines. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Chen T, Guo Y, Sun K, Wu LZ, Liu WQ, Liu C, Huang Y, Chen QY. Photoinduced hydroxylperfluoroalkylation of styrenes. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00946a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
“No Catalyst is Better” is confirmed in the hydroxylperfluoroalkylation of styrenes with perfluoroalkyl iodides under irradiation by visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongbi Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. of China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. of China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide
- Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Ltd
- Shenyang 110021
- P. R. of China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. of China
| | - Yangen Huang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. of China
| | - Qing-Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. of China
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Huang Y, Wang AJ, Kong J, Lou YG, Li XF, He CY. Efficient difluoromethylation of isoflavonoids and flavonoid under mild conditions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1390686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Huang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - An-Jun Wang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingjing Kong
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yue-Guang Lou
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chun-Yang He
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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