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Zhang ZJ, Jacob N, Bhatia S, Boos P, Chen X, DeMuth JC, Messinis AM, Jei BB, Oliveira JCA, Radović A, Neidig ML, Wencel-Delord J, Ackermann L. Iron-catalyzed stereoselective C-H alkylation for simultaneous construction of C-N axial and C-central chirality. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3503. [PMID: 38664372 PMCID: PMC11045758 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The assembly of chiral molecules with multiple stereogenic elements is challenging, and, despite of indisputable advances, largely limited to toxic, cost-intensive and precious metal catalysts. In sharp contrast, we herein disclose a versatile C-H alkylation using a non-toxic, low-cost iron catalyst for the synthesis of substituted indoles with two chiral elements. The key for achieving excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity was substitution on a chiral N-heterocyclic carbene ligand providing steric hindrance and extra represented by noncovalent interaction for the concomitant generation of C-N axial chirality and C-stereogenic center. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies have unraveled the origin of the catalytic efficacy and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jing Zhang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Jacob
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042), Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace, ECPM, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Shilpa Bhatia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Philipp Boos
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xinran Chen
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Joshua C DeMuth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Antonis M Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Becky Bongsuiru Jei
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - João C A Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aleksa Radović
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - Joanna Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042), Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace, ECPM, 67087, Strasbourg, France.
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Kawabuchi Y, Suzuki T, Wada Y, Sunada Y. Reductive Retrocyclization of a Mangana(II)cyclopentasilane to Form Manganese(0) Bis(η 2-disilene) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319804. [PMID: 38329155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ligand-exchange reactions on a mangana(II)cyclopentasilane complex that contains two THF ligands with aryl isocyanides led to the formation of manganese(0) bis(η2-disilene) complexes via a retrocyclization. In stark contrast, ligand-exchange reactions with CNtBu, an N-heterocyclic carbene, or pyridine-based ligands furnished manganese(II) complexes wherein the manganacyclopentasilane framework remained intact. The thermolysis of the obtained bis(η2-disilene) complex in the presence of mesityl isocyanide led to the formation of a cyclotetrasilane via the formal dimerization of the two η2-disilene moieties. The insertion of a mesityl isocyanide into the Mn-Siβ bond results in the formation of a manganese(II) complex supported by a [SiCSi]-type tridentate ligand scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kawabuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Wada
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sunada
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- JST PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
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Wolford NJ, Muñoz SB, Neate PGN, Brennessel WW, Neidig ML. NHC Effects on Reduction Dynamics in Iron-Catalyzed Organic Transformations*. Chemistry 2021; 27:13651-13658. [PMID: 34214195 PMCID: PMC8463511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The high abundance, low toxicity and rich redox chemistry of iron has resulted in a surge of iron-catalyzed organic transformations over the last two decades. Within this area, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been widely utilized to achieve high yields across reactions including cross-coupling and C-H alkylation, amongst others. Central to the development of iron-NHC catalytic methods is the understanding of iron speciation and the propensity of these species to undergo reduction events, as low-valent iron species can be advantageous or undesirable from one system to the next. This study highlights the importance of the identity of the NHC on iron speciation upon reaction with EtMgBr, where reactions with SIMes and IMes NHCs were shown to undergo β-hydride elimination more readily than those with SIPr and IPr NHCs. This insight is vital to developing new iron-NHC catalyzed transformations as understanding how to control this reduction by simply changing the NHC is central to improving the reactivity in iron-NHC catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki J Wolford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Salvador B Muñoz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Peter G N Neate
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - William W Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
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Wang L, Cheng J, Ma Y, Chen Q, Leng X, Deng L. Three-coordinate Bis(N-heterocyclic carbene)iron(0) complexes with alkene and alkyne ligation: Synthesis and characterization. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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