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Qin Z, Zhao G, Zhang Y, Gu Z, Tang Y, Aladejana JT, Ren J, Jiang Y, Guo Z, Peng X, Zhang X, Xu BB, Chen T. A Simple and Effective Physical Ball-Milling Strategy to Prepare Super-Tough and Stretchable PVA@MXene@PPy Hydrogel for Flexible Capacitive Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303038. [PMID: 37475524 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic flexible electronics for E-skin have received increasing attention, due to their ability to sense various movements. However, the development of smart skin-mimic material remains a challenge. Here, a simple and effective approach is reported to fabricate super-tough, stretchable, and self-healing conductive hydrogel consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Ti3 C2 Tx MXene nanosheets, and polypyrrole (PPy) (PMP hydrogel). The MXene nanosheets and Fe3+ serve as multifunctional cross-linkers and effective stress transfer centers, to facilitate a considerable high conductivity, super toughness, and ultra-high stretchability (elongation up to 4300%) for the PMP hydrogel with. The hydrogels also exhibit rapid self-healing and repeatable self-adhesive capacity because of the presence of dynamic borate ester bond. The flexible capacitive strain sensor made by PMP hydrogel shows a relatively broad range of strain sensing (up to 400%), with a self-healing feature. The sensor can precisely monitor various human physiological signals, including joint movements, facial expressions, and pulse waves. The PMP hydrogel-based supercapacitor is demonstrated with a high capacitance retention of ≈92.83% and a coulombic efficiency of ≈100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Qin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yaoyang Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Zhiheng Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - John Tosin Aladejana
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Junna Ren
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yunhong Jiang
- Smart Materials and Surfaces Lab, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Zhanhu Guo
- Smart Materials and Surfaces Lab, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Xiangfang Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Smart Materials and Surfaces Lab, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Tingjie Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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Wei Y, Li Y, Yan J, Liu Y, Xie XM. Highly Conductive Polysiloxane Elastomers with Excellent Transparency, Resilience, and Stretchability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41031-41042. [PMID: 37605317 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Flexible transparent conductive materials show great potential in wearable electronics, flexible sensors, and so on. But the most used flexible conductive materials like hydrogels and ionogels suffer from evaporation and solvent leakage. For the application in these fields, integrated performances of preeminent resilience, transparency, stability, and conductivity that do not change with deformation are prerequisites. It is still challenging to handle the trade-off among these performances. Herein, a facile approach is established to balance these properties into one elastomer. Through the thiol-ene click reaction, mercaptopropyl-modified polydimethylsiloxane (mPDMS) is cross-linked and grafted by PEG-based macromonomers to prepare conductive elastomers. By anchoring with mPDMS through carbon-sulfur bonds, PEG can be evenly dispersed, resulting in ultratransparency (97%) and stable conductivity of as high as 1.68 × 10-2 S m-1, comparable to pure PEG/lithium salt conductivity. It also has a wide electrochemical stability window with a high voltage of 4.8 V. Moreover, the multibond network strategy is employed through grafting ligand 1-vinylimidazole to mPDMS to construct dynamic cross-links between Zn(II) and 1-vinylimidazol, bestowing excellent properties to the elastomers. Overall, elastomers with a well-balanced performance of high resilience, good conductivity, and ultratransparency are obtained, providing promising applications for soft electronics, lithium battery electrolytes, and flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE) Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE) Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianhui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE) Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE) Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xu-Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE) Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084, China
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Super Tough Hydrogels with Self-adaptive Network Facilitated by Liquid Metal. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Li Y, Liu L, Xu H, Cheng Z, Yan J, Xie XM. Biomimetic Gradient Hydrogel Actuators with Ultrafast Thermo-Responsiveness and High Strength. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32541-32550. [PMID: 35791697 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most current hydrogel actuators suffer from either poor mechanical properties or limited responsiveness. Also, the widely used thermo-responsive poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) homopolymer hydrogels have a slow response rate. Thus, it remains a challenge to fabricate thermo-responsive hydrogel actuators with both excellent mechanical and responsive properties. Herein, ultrafast thermo-responsive VSNPs-P(NIPAM-co-AA) hydrogels containing multivalent vinyl functionalized silica nanoparticles (VSNPs) are fabricated. The ultrafast thermo-responsiveness is due to the mobile polymer chains grafted from the surfaces of the VSNPs, which can facilitate hydrophobic aggregation, inducing the phase transition and generating water transport channels for quick water expulsion. In addition, the copolymerization of NIPAM with acrylic acid (AA) decreases the transition temperature of the thermo-responsive PNIPAM-based hydrogels, contributing to ultrafast thermo-responsive shrinking behavior with a large volume change of as high as 72.5%. Moreover, inspired by nature, intelligent hydrogel actuators with gradient structure can be facilely prepared through self-healing between the ultrafast thermo-responsive VSNPs-P(NIPAM-co-AA) hydrogel layers and high-strength VSNPs-PAA-Fe3+ multibond network (MBN) hydrogel layers. The obtained well-integrated gradient hydrogel actuators show ultrafast thermo-responsive performance within only 9 s in 60 °C water, as well as high strength, and can be used for more practical applications as intelligent soft actuators or artificial robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Licheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhihan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianhui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xu-Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Wen Q, Cai Q, Fu P, Chang D, Xu X, Wen TJ, Wu GP, Zhu W, Wan LS, Zhang C, Zhang XH, Jin Q, Wu ZL, Gao C, Zhang H, Huang N, Li CZ, Li H. Key progresses of MOE key laboratory of macromolecular synthesis and functionalization in 2021. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Xu H, Liu Y, Xie XM. Stretchable alkaline quasi-solid-state electrolytes created by super-tough, fatigue-resistant and alkali-resistant multi-bond network hydrogels. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Li Y, Yan J, Liu Y, Xie XM. Super Tough and Intelligent Multibond Network Physical Hydrogels Facilitated by Ti 3C 2T x MXene Nanosheets. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1567-1577. [PMID: 34958558 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable and conductive hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for intelligent and flexible electronic devices. Herein, based on a multibond network (MBN) design rationale, super tough and highly stretchable nanocomposite physical hydrogels are prepared, where 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets serve as multifunctional cross-linkers and effective stress transfer centers. Further MXene-poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-Fe3+ MBN physical hydrogels fabricated through controlled permeation of Fe3+ exhibit prominent and well-balanced mechanical properties (e.g., the tensile strength can reach 10.4 MPa and elongation at break can be as high as 3080%), attributed to the dual cross-linking network with dense Fe3+-mediated coordination cross-links between MXene nanosheets and PAA chains and sparse carboxy-Fe3+ cross-links between PAA chains. Moreover, both conductive MXene nanosheets and numerous ions endow the hydrogels with superior conductivity (up to 3.8 S m-1), strain sensitivity (high gauge factor of 10.09), and self-healing performance, showing great prospect as intelligent flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianhui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xu-Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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