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Trung NT, Chiu CH, Cuc TTK, Khang TM, Jalife S, Nhien PQ, Hue BTB, Wu JI, Li YK, Lin HC. Tunable Nano-Bending Structures of Loosened/Tightened Lassos with Bi-Stable Vibration-Induced Emissions for Multi-Manipulations of White-Light Emissions and Sensor Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311789. [PMID: 38240392 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The first tunable nano-bending structures of [1]rotaxane containing a single-fluorophoric N,N'-diphenyl-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazine (DPAC) moiety (i.e., [1]RA) are developed as a loosened lasso structure to feature the bright white-light emission [CIE (0.27, 0.33), Φ = 21.2%] in THF solution, where bi-stable states of bending and twisted structures of DPAC unit in [1]RA produce cyan and orange emissions at 480 and 600 nm, respectively. With acid/base controls, tunable loosened/tightened nano-loops of corresponding [1]rotaxanes (i.e., [1]RA/[1]RB) can be achieved via the shuttling of macrocycles reversibly, and thus to adjust their respective white-light/cyan emissions, where the cyan emission of [1]RB is obtained due to the largest conformational constraint of DPAC moiety in its bending form of [1]RB with a tightened lasso structure. Additionally, the non-interlocked analog M-Boc only shows the orange emission, revealing the twisted form of DPAC fluorophore in M-Boc without any conformational constraint. Moreover, the utilization of solvents (with different viscosities and polarities), temperatures, and water fractions could serve as effective tools to adjust the bi-stable vibration-induced emission (VIE) colors of [1]rotaxanes. Finally, tuning ratiometric emission colors of adaptive conformations of DPAC moieties by altering nano-bending structures in [1]rotaxanes and external stimuli can be further developed as intelligent temperature and viscosity sensor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Trung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Tu Thi Kim Cuc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Trang Manh Khang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Said Jalife
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Pham Quoc Nhien
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Buu Hue
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Yaw-Kuen Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
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Xu WT, Peng Z, Wu P, Jiang Y, Li WJ, Wang XQ, Chen J, Yang HB, Wang W. Tuning vibration-induced emission through macrocyclization and catenation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7178-7186. [PMID: 38756822 PMCID: PMC11095381 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00650j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of macrocyclization and catenation on the regulation of vibration-induced emission (VIE), the typical VIE luminogen 9,14-diphenyl-9,14-dihydrodibenzo[a, c]phenazine (DPAC) was introduced into the skeleton of a macrocycle and corresponding [2]catenane to evaluate their dynamic relaxation processes. As investigated in detail by femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectra, the resultant VIE systems revealed precisely tunable emissions upon changing the solvent viscosity, highlighting the key effect of the formation of [2]catenane. Notably, the introduction of an additional pillar[5]arene macrocycle featuring unique planar chirality endows the resultant chiral VIE-active [2]catenane with attractive circularly polarized luminescence in different states. This work not only develops a new strategy for the design of new luminescent systems with tunable vibration induced emission, but also provides a promising platform for the construction of smart chiral luminescent materials for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Peicong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Yefei Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Wei-Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xu-Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Shanghai Center of Brain-inspired Intelligent Materials and Devices, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
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Xu WT, Li X, Wu P, Li WJ, Wang Y, Xu XQ, Wang XQ, Chen J, Yang HB, Wang W. Dual Stimuli-Responsive [2]Rotaxanes with Tunable Vibration-Induced Emission and Switchable Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319502. [PMID: 38279667 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Aiming at the construction of novel stimuli-responsive fluorescent system with precisely tunable emissions, the typical 9,14-diphenyl-9,14-dihydrodibenzo[a, c]phenazine (DPAC) luminogen with attractive vibration-induced emission (VIE) behavior has been introduced into [2]rotaxane as a stopper. Taking advantage of their unique dual stimuli-responsiveness towards solvent and anion, the resultant [2]rotaxanes reveal both tunable VIE and switchable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Attributed to the formation of mechanical bonds, DPAC-functionalized [2]rotaxanes display interesting VIE behaviors including white-light emission upon the addition of viscous solvent, as evaluated in detail by femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectra. In addition, ascribed to the regulation of chirality information transmission through anion-induced motions of chiral wheel, the resolved chiral [2]rotaxanes reveal unique switchable CPL upon the addition of anion, leading to significant increase in the dissymmetry factors (glum ) values with excellent reversibility. Interestingly, upon doping the chiral [2]rotaxanes in stretchable polymer, the blend films reveal remarkable emission change from white light to light blue with significant 6.5-fold increase in glum values up to -0.035 under external tensile stresses. This work provides not only a new design strategy for developing molecular systems with fluorescent tunability but also a novel platform for the construction of smart chiral luminescent materials for practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xue Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Peicong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wei-Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xu-Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering (SKLPMPE), Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. LTD., Beijing, 100083, China
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Shanghai Center of Brain-inspired Intelligent Materials and Devices, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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Ma CS, Yu C, Zhao CX, Zhou SW, Gu R. Multicolor emission based on a N, N'-Disubstituted dihydrodibenzo [a, c] phenazine crown ether macrocycle. Front Chem 2022; 10:1087610. [PMID: 36545215 PMCID: PMC9760862 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1087610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic fluorophore 9,14-diphenyl-9,14-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazine (DPAC) affords a new platform to produce diverse emission outputs. In this paper, a novel DPAC-containing crown ether macrocycle D-6 is synthesized and characterized. Host-guest interactions of D-6 with different ammonium guests produced a variety of fluorescence with hypsochromic shifts up to 130 nm, which are found to be affected by choice of solvent or guest and host/guest stoichiometry. Formation of supramolecular complexes were confirmed by UV-vis titration, 1H NMR and HRMS spectroscopy.
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Zhang Z, Jin X, Sun X, Su J, Qu DH. Vibration-induced emission: Dynamic multiple intrinsic luminescence. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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