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Maji M, Sousa-Silva A, Solans-Monfort X, Schrock RR, Conley MP, Farias P, Carta V. Thermal Formation of Metathesis-Active Tungsten Alkylidene Complexes from Cyclohexene. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18661-18671. [PMID: 38917446 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
A 7-tungstabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane complex forms slowly upon addition of cyclohexene to the ethylene complex, W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C2H4), at 22 °C. A single-crystal X-ray study showed its structure to be closest to a square pyramid (τ = 0.23). At 22 °C, loss of cyclohexene or ring contraction of the 7-tungstabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane complex is slow. Above ∼80 °C, cyclohexene is ejected to give W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C2H4), but a sufficient amount of 7-tungstabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane complex remains in the presence of cyclohexene and the ring contracts to yield methylenecyclohexane and a methylidene complex or ethylene and a cyclohexylidene complex. Other complexes that have been observed include an 8-tungstabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane complex formed from 1,7-octadiene, a 7-tungstabicyclo[4.2.0]octane complex (formed from a methylidene complex and cyclohexene), and a methylenecyclohexane complex. 13C-Labeling studies show that the exo-methylene group in methylenecyclohexane and the α positions in the 8-tungstabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane come from ethylene. An alternative ring contraction of a tungstacyclopentane made from two molecules of cyclohexene cannot be excluded when concentrations of ethylene are low. A cyclohexylidene complex could also form from two cyclohexenes via a newly proposed "alkyl/allyl" mechanism. The results reported here are the first experimental confirmations that a tungstacyclopentane can ring-contract thermally at a substituted WCα position to form a tungstacyclobutane and therefore metathesis-active alkylidenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | | | | | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Phillip Farias
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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2
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Boudjelel M, Riedel R, Schrock RR, Conley MP, Berges AJ, Carta V. Tungstacyclopentane Ring Contraction Yields Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10929-10942. [PMID: 35675389 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of a solution of the square pyramidal tungstacyclopentane complex W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) to ethylene at 22 °C in ambient (fluorescent) light slowly leads to the formation of propylene and the square pyramidal tungstacyclobutane complex W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C3H6). No reaction takes place in the dark, but the reaction is >90% complete in ∼15 min under blue LED light (∼450 nm λmax). The intermediates are proposed to be (first) an α methyl tungstacyclobutane complex (W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(αMeC3H5)), and then from it, a β methyl version. The TBP versions of each can lose propylene and form a methylene complex, and in the presence of ethylene, the unsubstituted tungstacyclobutane complex W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C3H6). The W-Cα bond in an unobservable TBP W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) isomer in which the C4H8 ring is equatorial is proposed to be cleaved homolytically by light. A hydrogen atom moves or is moved from C3 to the terminal C4 carbon in the butyl chain as the bond between W and C3 forms to give the TBP α methyl tungstacyclobutane complex. Essentially, the same behavior is observed for W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) as for W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8), except that the rate of consumption of W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) is about half that of W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8). In this case, an α methyl-substituted tungstacyclobutane intermediate is observed, and the overall rate of formation of W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C3H6) and propylene from W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) is ∼20 times slower than in the NAr system. These results constitute the first experimentally documented examples of forming a metallacyclobutane ring from a metallacyclopentane ring (ring contraction) and establish how metathesis-active methylene and metallacyclobutane complexes can be formed and reformed in the presence of ethylene. They also raise the possibility that ambient light could play a role in some metathesis reactions that involve ethylene and tungsten-based imido alkylidene olefin metathesis catalysts, if not others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Boudjelel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - René Riedel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Adam J Berges
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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3
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Remarkably flexible 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines and their group 8–10 transition metal complexes – Chemistry and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Suman P, Bhat HR, Janardan S, Bortamuli SP, Jha PC, Sivaramakrishna A. New Hydrazide based Tricyclic Pentacoordinate Siliconium Ions –A Facile Route to the Synthesis of Spherical Shaped Sr
5
(PO
4
)
2
SiO
4. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pothini Suman
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu 632014 India
| | - Haamid R. Bhat
- School of Chemical Sciences Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar Gujarat Sector‐30 India
| | - Sannapaneni Janardan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu 632014 India
- Department of Chemistry GITAM University Nagadenehalli Bengaluru Karnataka 562163 India
| | - Sidhartha Protim Bortamuli
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu 632014 India
| | - Prakash C. Jha
- Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar Gujarat 382030 India
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu 632014 India
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5
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Zábranský M, Oberhauser W, Manca G, Císařová I, Štěpnička P. Selective Ethylene Dimerization by Palladium(II) Complexes Bearing a Phosphinoferrocene Sulfonate Ligand. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zábranský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Werner Oberhauser
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Manca
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Štěpnička
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic
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6
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Sunada Y, Nagashima H. Disilametallacyclic chemistry for efficient catalysis. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:7644-7655. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01275f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Disilametallacyclic species of late transition metals behave as key intermediates for efficient catalytic reactions proceeding through new mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sunada
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and CREST
- Japan Science and Technology
- Kyushu University
- Kasuga
- Japan
| | - Hideo Nagashima
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and CREST
- Japan Science and Technology
- Kyushu University
- Kasuga
- Japan
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7
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Zhang QW, An K, Liu LC, Guo S, Jiang C, Guo H, He W. Rhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular C−H Silylation by Silacyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Kun An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Li-Chuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shuangxi Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chenran Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Huifang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
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8
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Zhang QW, An K, Liu LC, Guo S, Jiang C, Guo H, He W. Rhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular C-H Silylation by Silacyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6319-23. [PMID: 27073004 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Silacyclobutane was discovered to be an efficient C-H bond silylation reagent. Under the catalysis of Rh(I) /TMS-segphos, silacyclobutane undergoes sequential C-Si/C-H bond activations, affording a series of π-conjugated siloles in high yields and regioselectivities. The catalytic cycle was proposed to involve a rarely documented endocyclic β-hydride elimination of five-membered metallacycles, which after reductive elimination gave rise to a Si-Rh(I) species that is capable of C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kun An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Li-Chuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shuangxi Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chenran Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huifang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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9
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Nisa RU, Hashmi MA, Sajjad S, Mahmood T, Iqbal J, Ayub K. Quantum mechanical investigation on acceleration of electrocyclic reactions through transition metal catalysis. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Sivaramakrishna A, Sravani C, Venkatesh S, Pavankumar BB, Vijayakrishna K, Bhat HR, Jha PC, Smith GS. Theoretical and experimental investigations on stability and chemistry of organoiridium(iii) complexes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27350a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel iridacyclononanes of the type {where L = PPh3, PEt3 and P(OMe)3} have been synthesized from their bis(1-pentenyl)iridium(iii) precursors through a ring-closing metathesis reaction using Grubbs' 1st generation catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chinduluri Sravani
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT University
- Vellore 632 014
- India
| | - Sadhana Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT University
- Vellore 632 014
- India
| | - B. B. Pavankumar
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT University
- Vellore 632 014
- India
| | - Kari Vijayakrishna
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT University
- Vellore 632 014
- India
| | - Haamid R. Bhat
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar
- India
| | - Prakash C. Jha
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar
- India
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cape Town
- Cape Town
- South Africa
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11
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Huang G. Mechanism and Selectivity in Rhodium-Catalyzed [7 + 2] Cycloaddition and Cyclopropanation/Cyclization of Allenylcyclopentane-alkynes: Metallacycle-Directed C(sp3)-C(sp3) vs C(sp3)-H Activation. J Org Chem 2015; 80:7564-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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12
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Yip SYY, Aïssa C. Isomerization of Olefins Triggered by Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Bond Activation: Control of Endocyclic β-Hydrogen Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6870-3. [PMID: 25907465 PMCID: PMC4497606 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Five-membered metallacycles are typically reluctant to undergo endocyclic β-hydrogen elimination. The rhodium-catalyzed isomerization of 4-pentenals into 3-pentenals occurs through this elementary step and cleavage of two C-H bonds, as supported by deuterium-labeling studies. The reaction proceeds without decarbonylation, leads to trans olefins exclusively, and tolerates other olefins normally prone to isomerization. Endocyclic β-hydrogen elimination can also be controlled in an enantiodivergent reaction on a racemic mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Y Y Yip
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD (UK)
| | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD (UK).
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13
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Yip SYY, Aïssa C. Isomerization of Olefins Triggered by Rhodium-Catalyzed CH Bond Activation: Control of Endocyclic β-Hydrogen Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Sravani C, Venkatesh S, Vijayakrishna K, Sivaramakrishna A. Alkenyl complexes of platinum group metals: a platform for diverse reactivity patterns. Appl Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinduluri Sravani
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences; VIT University; Vellore 632 014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sadhana Venkatesh
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences; VIT University; Vellore 632 014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Kari Vijayakrishna
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences; VIT University; Vellore 632 014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences; VIT University; Vellore 632 014 Tamil Nadu India
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15
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16
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Sivaramakrishna A, Clayton HS. A tribute to Professor John R. Moss. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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18
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McGuinness DS. Olefin oligomerization via metallacycles: dimerization, trimerization, tetramerization, and beyond. Chem Rev 2011; 111:2321-41. [PMID: 20873753 DOI: 10.1021/cr100217q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David S McGuinness
- School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Australia.
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19
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Sivaramakrishna A, Clayton HS, Mogorosi MM, Moss JR. Hydrocarbon (π- and σ-) complexes of nickel, palladium and platinum: Synthesis, reactivity and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Arteaga-Müller R, Tsurugi H, Saito T, Yanagawa M, Oda S, Mashima K. New tantalum ligand-free catalyst system for highly selective trimerization of ethylene affording 1-hexene: new evidence of a metallacycle mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:5370-1. [PMID: 20560633 DOI: 10.1021/ja8100837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mild and salt-free reduction of MCl(5) (M = Nb, Ta) has been achieved by using 3,6-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-hexadiene derivatives as reducing reagents. The salt-contact-free low-valent TaCl(3) exhibits high catalytic activity for the trimerization of ethylene to 1-hexene (>1000 TOF) with excellent selectivity (>98%). This salt-free tantalum system enables us to observe new evidence for a metallacycle mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Arteaga-Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Tanabe
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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23
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You Y, Girolami GS. Mono(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(II) Complexes with Hydride, Alkyl, and Tetrahydroborate Ligands: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Ethylene Dimerization and Trimerization Catalysis. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om701263v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujian You
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Gregory S. Girolami
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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24
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Sivaramakrishna A, Su H, Moss JR. Synthesis and characterization of the first metallacyclooctane. Dalton Trans 2008:2228-31. [DOI: 10.1039/b800843b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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