1
|
Lewandowski EC, Arban CB, Deal MP, Batchev AL, Allen MJ. Europium(II/III) coordination chemistry toward applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39230388 PMCID: PMC11373536 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03080j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Europium is an f-block metal with two easily accessible oxidation states (+2 and +3) that have vastly different magnetic and optical properties from each other. These properties are tunable using coordination chemistry and are useful in a variety of applications, including magnetic resonance imaging, luminescence, and catalysis. This review describes important aspects of coordination chemistry of Eu from the Allen Research Group and others, how ligand design has tuned the properties of Eu ions, and how those properties are relevant to specific applications. The review begins with an introduction to the coordination chemistry of divalent and trivalent Eu followed by examples of how the coordination chemistry of Eu has made contributions to magnetic resonance imaging, luminescence, catalysis, and separations. The article concludes with a brief outlook on future opportunities in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Lewandowski
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA.
| | - Colin B Arban
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA.
| | - Morgan P Deal
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA.
| | - Andrea L Batchev
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA.
| | - Matthew J Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arumugasamy SK, Chellasamy G, Murugan N, Govindaraju S, Yun K, Choi MJ. Synthesis and surface engineering of Ag chalcogenide quantum dots for near-infrared biophotonic applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103245. [PMID: 38945073 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs), a novel category of semiconductor materials, exhibit extraordinary capabilities in tuning optical characteristics. Their emergence in biophotonics has been noteworthy, particularly in bio-imaging, biosensing, and theranostics applications. Although conventional QDs such as PbS, CdSe, CdS, and HgTe have garnered attention for their promising features, the presence of heavy metals in these QDs poses significant challenges for biological use. To address these concerns, the development of Ag chalcogenide QDs has gained prominence owing to their near-infrared emission and exceptionally low toxicity, rendering them suitable for biological applications. This review explores recent advancements in Ag chalcogenide QDs, focusing on their synthesis methodologies, surface chemistry modifications, and wide-ranging applications in biomedicine. Additionally, it identifies future directions in material science, highlighting the potential of these innovative QDs in revolutionizing the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Kumar Arumugasamy
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayathri Chellasamy
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Nanthagopal Murugan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan (UOU), Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Saravanan Govindaraju
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jae Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Borrisov B, Tsvetkov M, Zahariev T, Elenkova D, Morgenstern B, Dimov D, Kukeva R, Trendafilova N, Georgieva I. Effect of Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate Ligand on the Luminescence Properties of Heteroligand Samarium and Europium Complexes: Experimental and Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13840-13864. [PMID: 38996195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of two isostructural heteroligand lanthanide complexes of general formula Ln(pdtc)3(phen) (pdtc = pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate anion, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), Ln = Sm3+ (1), Eu3+ (2)) were studied in solid state and dichloromethane (DCM) solution. The two lanthanide complexes were investigated by experimental techniques for structural (single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 1, powder XRD, TG-DTA) and spectroscopic [electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), infrared (IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), photoluminescence (PL)] characterization. DFT/TDDFT/ωB97xD and multireference SA-CASSCF/NEVPT2 calculations with perturbative spin-orbit coupling corrections were applied to construct the Jablonski energy diagrams and to discuss the excited state energy transfer mechanism with competing excited state processes and possible sensitized mechanism of metal-centered emission. The first excited state (S1) involved in the excited state energy transfer L(antenna)-to-Ln was predicted to have interligand (pdtc-to-phen) charge transfer character in contrast to the previously predicted ligand-to-metal charge transfer character. The theoretical consideration showed similar relaxation paths and luminescence quenching channels and appropriate Donor*(phen)-Acceptor*(Ln3+) energy gap for 1 and 2. The experimental measurements in the solid state, however, showed efficient luminescence and good ability to convert UV to visible light only for the Sm(pdtc)3(phen) complex. The minor emission of 2 was explained by partial reduction of Eu3+, confirmed by EPR and calculated electron density distribution data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Borrisov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 11, Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martin Tsvetkov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 James Bourchier blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetan Zahariev
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 11, Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Denitsa Elenkova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 James Bourchier blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Inorganic Solid State Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Geb. C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Deyan Dimov
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 109, Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rositsa Kukeva
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 11, Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Natasha Trendafilova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 11, Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivelina Georgieva
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 11, Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kofod N, Henrichsen MJ, Sørensen TJ. Mapping the distribution of electronic states within the 5D 4 and 7F 6 levels of Tb 3+ complexes with optical spectroscopy. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4461-4470. [PMID: 38372338 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03657j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The Tb(III) ion has the most intense luminescence of the trivalent lanthanide(III) ions. In contrast to Eu(III), where the two levels only include a single state, the high number of electronic states in the ground (7F6) and emitting (5D4) levels makes detailed interpretations of the electronic structure-the crystal field-difficult. Here, luminescence emission and excitation spectra of Tb(III) complexes with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA, [Tb(DOTA)(H2O)]-), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, [Tb(EDTA)(H2O)3]-) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA, [Tb(DTPA)(H2O)]2-) as well as the Tb(III) aqua ion ([Tb(H2O)9]3+) were recorded at room temperature and in frozen solution. Using these data the electronic structure of the 5D4 multiplets of Tb(III) was mapped by considering the transitions to the singly degenerate 7F0 state. A detailed spectroscopic investigation was performed and it was found that the 5D4 multiplet could accurately be described as a single band for [Tb(H2O)9]3+, [Tb(DOTA)(H2O)]- and [Tb(EDTA)(H2O)3]-. In contrast, for [Tb(DTPA)(H2O)]2- two bands were needed. These results demonstrated the ability of describing the electronic structure of the emitting 5D4 multiplet using emission spectra. This offers an avenue for investigating the relationship between molecular structure and luminescent properties in detailed photophysical studies of Tb(III) ion complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaj Kofod
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Margrete Juel Henrichsen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Zheng Y, Huo F, Zhang Q, Yang X, Karmaker PG. Ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on europium-organic frameworks for selective and quantitative detection of cerium ions. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:342131. [PMID: 38182353 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the unavoidable use of cerium in daily life, the accumulation of cerium in the environment increases health risks for humans. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a chemical sensing technology for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of cerium ions. RESULTS In this research work, a novel two-dimensional chain structure of a europium-based metal organic framework (Eu-MOF) [Eu2(tcpa)(Htcpa)2] was synthesized by using 3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (H2TCPA) as the ligand and europium nitrate as the metal source. The results of powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis show that the synthesized Eu-MOF has excellent chemical and thermal stability. When the Eu-MOF suspension was excited by ultraviolet light at 292 nm, four fluorescence emissions were observed at 420, 595, 620 and 705 nm. It was particularly interesting that when cerium ions (Ce3+/Ce4+) were added to the Eu-MOF suspension, the fluorescence intensity at 420 nm was enhanced, while the fluorescence at 620 nm was quenched. On this basis, a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for detecting cerium ions was constructed, which has a good linear relationship in the range of 0.05-15 μM and a detection limit of 16 nM. The plausible mechanism of the change in the fluorescence characteristics of Eu-MOF caused by cerium ions was discussed in detail. Through the study of fluorescence lifetime and ultraviolet absorption, it was proven that the mechanism of Ce3+-quenching Eu-MOF fluorescence is the inner filter effect. Photoinduced electron transfer and internal filtering effects lead to fluorescence quenching at 620 nm, while redox reactions lead to fluorescence enhancement of the ligand at 420 nm. SIGNIFICANCE The proposed ratiometric fluorescence sensor was successfully employed for the detection of cerium ions in real water samples, confirming that it can be used as an alternative method for the detection of Ce3+ and Ce4+ in environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Feng Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical Testing Center, Institute of Micro/Nano Intelligent Sensing, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641100, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Xiupei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China.
| | - Pran Gopal Karmaker
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pinto-Pacheco B, Lin Q, Yan CW, de Melo Silva S, Buccella D. Lanthanide-based luminescent probes for biological magnesium: accessing polyphosphate-bound Mg 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3586-3589. [PMID: 36883365 PMCID: PMC10408037 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc07095b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecule-bound Mg2+ species, particularly polyphosphate complexes, represent a large and dynamic fraction of the total cellular magnesium that is essential for cellular function but remains invisible to most indicators. Here we report a new family of Eu(III)-based indicators, the MagQEu family, functionalized with a 4-oxo-4H-quinolizine-3-carboxylic acid metal recognition group/sensitization antenna for turn-on, luminescence-based detection of biologically relevant Mg2+ species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brismar Pinto-Pacheco
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Qitian Lin
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Claudia W Yan
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Symara de Melo Silva
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Daniela Buccella
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Self-Assembly of a Two-Dimensional Coordination Polymer Based on Silver and Lanthanide Tetrakis-Acylpyrazolonates: An Efficient New Strategy for Suppressing Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer Quenching of Europium Luminescence. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040867. [PMID: 36850151 PMCID: PMC9960442 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A new strategy for the easy polymerization of anionic [Ln(Qcy)4]- (HQcy-4-(cyclohexanecarbonyl)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one) into two-dimensional layers of [AgLn(Qcy)4]n (Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy) is proposed by binding the single molecular anions [Ln(Qcy)4]- to silver cations through the coordination of the pyridinic nitrogen atoms of the pyrazolonate rings. The luminescent properties of [AgLn(Qcy)4]n have been studied in detail, and it was shown that the previously described low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of [Eu(Qcy)4]- is due to Ligand-To-Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT) quenching, which is effectively suppressed in the heterometallic [AgEu(Qcy)4]n polymer. Sensibilization coefficients for H3O[Eu(Qcy)4], [AgEu(Qcy)4]n, and H3O[Sm(Qcy)4] complexes (n ≈ 1) were estimated via theoretical analysis (also by using Judd-Ofelt theory for Sm3+) and PLQY measurements.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nielsen LG, Sørensen TJ. Effect of buffers and pH in antenna sensitized Eu(III) luminescence. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2023; 11. [PMID: 36696692 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/acb63a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The photophysics of a europium(III) complex of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacycododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid-10-(2-methylene)-1-azathioxanthone was investigated in three buffer systems and at three pH values. The buffers-phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), and universal buffer (UB)-had no effect on the europium luminescence, but a lower overall emission intensity was determined in HEPES. It was found that this was due to quenching of the 1-azathioxanthone first excited singlet state by HEPES. The effect of pH on the photophysics of the complex was found to be minimal, and protonation of the pyridine nitrogen was found to be irrelevant. Even so, pH was shown to change the intensity ratio between 1-azathioxanthone fluorescence and europium luminescence. It was concluded that the full photophysics of a potential molecular probe should be investigated to achieve the best possible results in any application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Gundorff Nielsen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, København Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, København Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Willis BAN, Schnable D, Schley ND, Ung G. Spinolate Lanthanide Complexes for High Circularly Polarized Luminescence Metrics in the Visible and Near-Infrared. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22421-22425. [PMID: 36445253 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of Shibasaki's complexes supported by enantiopure Spinol are synthesized and characterized. The tris(Spinol) LnIII complexes are generated either by ligand deprotonation followed by complexation with lanthanide triflate salts or by in situ deprotonation by Ln(N(SiMe3)2)3 salts in the presence of additional base. The resulting complexes are found to be luminescent and chiroptically active for both circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), notably producing strong CPL with dissymmetry factors (glum) of up to 0.50, 0.53, and 0.53 for Sm, Tb, and Dy, respectively. The Sm complex is found to be CPL-active in the near-infrared (NIR) region at 980 nm, representing the first report of NIR CPL from Sm. Additionally, the Tb complex, due to efficient sensitization (Φ = 0.846 in tetrahydrofuran) coupled with strong dissymmetry factors, achieves a CPL brightness (BCPL) of 3760 M-1 cm-1, the highest reported for any CPL-active compound to date. These are rare examples of compounds that show simultaneous improvement of both CPL metrics (glum and BCPL). Solid-state structural analysis of the Spinolate complexes and comparisons to other CPL-active analogues of Shibasaki's complexes also suggest that nondistorted geometries should generate even stronger metrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bre-Anna N Willis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - David Schnable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Nathan D Schley
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Gaël Ung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kocsi D, Orthaber A, Borbas E. Tuning the photophysical properties of luminescent lanthanide complexes through regioselective antenna fluorination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6853-6856. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01229d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbostyrils monofluorinated in the 3, 5, or 6 positions were synthesised from olefinic precursors via a photochemical isomerisation-cyclisation route, and incorporated into octadentate cyclen triacetate ligands that formed luminescent complexes...
Collapse
|
11
|
Prieto A, Jaroschik F. Recent Applications of Rare Earth Complexes in Photoredox Catalysis for Organic
Synthesis. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666211126123928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
In recent years, photoredox catalysis has appeared as a new paradigm for forging a
wide range of chemical bonds under mild conditions using abundant reagents. This approach
allows many organic transformations through the generation of various radical species, enabling
the valorization of non-traditional partners. A continuing interest has been devoted to
the discovery of novel radical-generating procedures. Over the last ten years, strategies using
rare-earth complexes as either redox-active centers or as redox-neutral Lewis acids have
emerged. This review provides an overview of the recent accomplishments made in this field.
It especially aims to demonstrate the utility of rare-earth complexes for ensuring photocatalytic
transformations and to inspire future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Prieto
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kiraev SR, Mathieu E, Kovacs D, Wells JAL, Tomar M, Andres J, Borbas KE. Improved emission of Yb( iii) ions in triazacyclononane-based macrocyclic ligands compared to cyclen-based ones. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:16596-16604. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02266d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Yb(iii) complexes were synthesised from ligands with a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (tacn) macrocyclic core. Tacn-based compounds equipped with 2 picolinate arms were more emissive than their tricarboxamide-cyclen analogues carrying the same antenna.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salauat R. Kiraev
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emilie Mathieu
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jordann A. L. Wells
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monika Tomar
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Julien Andres
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Section, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), BCH 3311, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K. Eszter Borbas
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kocsi D, Kovacs D, Wells JAL, Borbas KE. Reduced quenching effect of pyridine ligands in highly luminescent Ln(III) complexes: the role of tertiary amide linkers. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16670-16677. [PMID: 34757364 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02893f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes were synthesised from octadentate ligands carrying various carbostyril sensitizing antennae and two bidentate picolinate donors. Antennae were connected to the metal binding site via tertiary amide linkers. Antennae and donors were assembled on a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (tacn) platform. Solution- and solid-state structures were comparable to those of previously reported complexes with tacn architectures, with nine-coordinate distorted tricapped trigonal prismatic Ln(III) centres, and distinct from those based on 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) macrocycles. In contrast, the photophysical properties of these tertiary amide tacn-based complexes were more comparable to those of previously reported systems with cyclen ligands, showing efficient Eu(III) and Tb(III) luminescence. This represents an improvement over secondary amide-linked analogues, and is due to a greatly increased sensitization efficiency in the tertiary amide-linked complexes. Tertiary amide-linked Eu(III) and Tb(III) emitters were more photostable than their secondary amide-linked analogues due to the suppression of photoinduced electron transfer and back energy transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kocsi
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Box 523, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Box 523, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jordann A L Wells
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Box 523, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - K Eszter Borbas
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Box 523, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kofod N, Nielsen LG, Sørensen TJ. Temperature Dependence of Fundamental Photophysical Properties of [Eu(MeOH- d4) 9] 3+ Solvates and [Eu·DOTA(MeOH- d4)] - Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8347-8357. [PMID: 34546039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c04994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The trivalent lanthanide ions show optical transitions between energy levels within the 4f shell. All these transitions are formally forbidden according to the quantum mechanical selection rules used in molecular photophysics. Nevertheless, highly luminescent complexes can be achieved, and terbium(III) and europium(III) ions are particularly efficient emitters. This report started when an apparent lack of data in the literature led us to revisit the fundamental photophysics of europium(III). The photophysical properties of two complexes-[Eu·DOTA(MeOH-d4)]- and [Eu(MeOH-d4)9]3+-were investigated in deuterated methanol at five different temperatures. Absorption spectra showed decreased absorbance as the temperature was increased. Luminescence spectra and time-resolved emission decay profiles showed a decrease in intensity and lifetime as the temperature was increased. Having corrected the emission spectra for the actual number of absorbed photons and differences in the non-radiative pathways, the relative emission probability was revealed. These were found to increase with increasing temperature. The transition probability for luminescence was shown to increase with temperature, while the transition probability for light absorption decreased. The changes in transition probabilities were correlated with a change in the symmetry of the absorber or emitter, with an average increase in symmetry lowering absorbance and access to more asymmetric structures increasing the emission rate constant. Determining luminescence quantum yields and the Einstein coefficient for spontaneous emission allowed us to conclude that lowering symmetry increases both. Furthermore, it was found that collisional self-quenching is an issue for lanthanide luminescence, when high concentrations are used. Finally, detailed analysis revealed results that show the so-called "Werts' method" for calculating radiative lifetimes and intrinsic quantum yields is based on assumptions that do not hold for the two systems investigated here. We conclude that we are lacking a good theoretical description of the intraconfigurational f-f transitions, and that there are still aspects of fundamental lanthanide photophysics to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaj Kofod
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Lea Gundorff Nielsen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang S, Wang X, Hu Z, Guo D. AIE and ESIPT Schiff base ligands and corresponding Eu(III) complexes: Multiple-color and fluorescence properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
16
|
Kovacs D, Kocsi D, Wells JAL, Kiraev SR, Borbas KE. Electron transfer pathways in photoexcited lanthanide(iii) complexes of picolinate ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:4244-4254. [PMID: 33688904 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00616a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of luminescent lanthanide(iii) complexes consisting of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane frameworks and three secondary amide-linked carbostyril antennae were synthesised. The metal binding sites were augmented with two pyridylcarboxylate donors yielding octadentate ligands. The antennae carried methyl, methoxymethyl or trifluoromethyl substituents in their 4-positions, allowing for a range of excited state energies and antenna electronic properties. The 1H NMR spectra of the Eu(iii) complexes were found to be analogous to each other. Similar results were obtained in the solid-state by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, which showed the structures to have nine-coordinate metal ions with heavily distorted tricapped trigonal prismatic geometries. Steady-state and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy showed that the antennae could sensitize both Tb(iii) and Eu(iii), however, quantum yields were lower than in other octadentate complexes lacking pyridylcarboxylate. Complexes with more electron-poor pyridines were less emissive even when equipped with the same antenna. The oxidation and reduction potentials of the antennae and the pyridinecarboxylates, respectively, were determined by cyclic voltammetry. The obtained values were consistent with electron transfer from the excited antenna to the pyridine providing a previously unexplored quenching pathway that could efficiently compete with energy transfer to the lanthanide. These results show the crucial impact that photophysically innocent ligand binding sites can have on lanthanide luminescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Box 523, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Role of alkyl substituents in the structure and luminescence properties of discrete terbium(III)-lithium(I) Β-Diketonates. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
18
|
Aquino LEDN, Barbosa GA, Ramos JDL, O K Giese S, Santana FS, Hughes DL, Nunes GG, Fu L, Fang M, Poneti G, Carneiro Neto AN, Moura RT, Ferreira RAS, Carlos LD, Macedo AG, Soares JF. Seven-Coordinate Tb 3+ Complexes with 90% Quantum Yields: High-Performance Examples of Combined Singlet- and Triplet-to-Tb 3+ Energy-Transfer Pathways. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:892-907. [PMID: 33393287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Seven-coordinate, pentagonal-bipyramidal (PBP) complexes [Ln(bbpen)Cl] and [Ln(bbppn)Cl], in which Ln = Tb3+ (products I and II), Eu3+ (III and IV), and Gd3+ (V and VI), with bbpen2- = N,N'-bis(2-oxidobenzyl)-N,N'-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)ethylenediamine and bbppn2- = N,N'-bis(2-oxidobenzyl)-N,N'-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-1,2-propanediamine, were synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, alternating-current magnetic susceptibility measurements, and photoluminescence (steady-state and time-resolved) spectroscopy. Under a static magnetic field of 0.1 T, the Tb3+ complexes I and II revealed single-ion-magnet behavior. Also, upon excitation at 320 nm at 300 K, I and II presented very high absolute emission quantum yields (0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.92 ± 0.09, respectively), while the corresponding Eu3+ complexes III and IV showed no photoluminescence. Detailed theoretical calculations on the intramolecular energy-transfer rates for the Tb3+ products indicated that both singlet and triplet ligand excited states contribute efficiently to the overall emission performance. The expressive quantum yields, QLnL, measured for I and II in the solid state and a dichloromethane solution depend on the excitation wavelength, being higher at 320 nm. Such a dependence was rationalized by computing the intersystem crossing rates (WISC) and singlet fluorescence lifetimes (τS) related to the population dynamics of the S1 and T1 levels. Thin films of product II showed high air stability and photostability upon continuous UV illumination, which allowed their use as downshifting layers in a green light-emitting device (LED). The prototypes presented a luminous efficacy comparable with those found in commercial LED coatings, without requiring encapsulation or dispersion of II in host matrixes. The results indicate that the PBP environment determined by the ethylenediamine (en)-based ligands investigated in this work favors the outstanding optical properties in Tb3+ complexes. This work presents a comprehensive structural, chemical, and spectroscopic characterization of two Tb3+ complexes of mixed-donor, en-based ligands, focusing on their outstanding optical properties. They constitute good molecular examples in which both triplet and singlet excited states provide energy to the Tb3+ ion and lead to high values of QLnL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guilherme A Barbosa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-900 - Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline de L Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-900 - Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Siddhartha O K Giese
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-900 - Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Francielli S Santana
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-900 - Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Giovana G Nunes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-900 - Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Lianshe Fu
- Phantom-g, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 - Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ming Fang
- Phantom-g, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 - Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Giordano Poneti
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 - Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
| | - Albano N Carneiro Neto
- Phantom-g, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 - Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Renaldo T Moura
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Federal University of Paraíba, 58397-000 - Areia-PB, Brazil
| | - Rute A S Ferreira
- Phantom-g, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 - Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís D Carlos
- Phantom-g, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 - Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia G Macedo
- Phantom-g, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 - Aveiro, Portugal.,Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, 80230-901 - Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jaísa F Soares
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-900 - Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kiraev SR, Mathieu E, Siemens F, Kovacs D, Demeyere E, Borbas KE. Lanthanide(III) Complexes of Cyclen Triacetates and Triamides Bearing Tertiary Amide-Linked Antennae. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225282. [PMID: 33198318 PMCID: PMC7698001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordination compounds of the trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln(III)) have unique photophysical properties. Ln(III) excitation is usually performed through a light-harvesting antenna. To enable Ln(III)-based emitters to reach their full potential, an understanding of how complex structure affects sensitization and quenching processes is necessary. Here, the role of the linker between the antenna and the metal binding fragment was studied. Four macrocyclic ligands carrying coumarin 2 or 4-methoxymethylcarbostyril sensitizing antennae linked to an octadentate macrocyclic ligand binding site were synthesized. Complexation with Ln(III) (Ln = La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb and Lu) yielded species with overall −1, 0, or +2 and +3-charge. Paramagnetic 1H NMR spectroscopy indicated subtle differences between the coumarin- and carbostyril-carrying Eu(III) and Yb(III) complexes. Cyclic voltammetry showed that the effect of the linker on the Eu(III)/Eu(II) apparent reduction potential was dependent on the electronic properties of the N-substituent. The Eu(III), Tb(III) and Sm(III) complexes were all luminescent. Coumarin-sensitized complexes were poorly emissive; photoinduced electron transfer was not a major quenching pathway in these species. These results show that seemingly similar emitters can undergo very different photophysical processes, and highlight the crucial role the linker can play.
Collapse
|
20
|
Andres J, Chauvin AS. Colorimetry of Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174022. [PMID: 32899208 PMCID: PMC7570272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Europium, terbium, dysprosium, and samarium are the main trivalent lanthanide ions emitting in the visible spectrum. In this work, the potential of these ions for colorimetric applications and colour reproduction was studied. The conversion of spectral data to colour coordinates was undertaken for three sets of Ln complexes composed of different ligands. We showed that Eu is the most sensitive of the visible Ln ions, regarding ligand-induced colour shifts, due to its hypersensitive transition. Further investigation on the spectral bandwidth of the emission detector, on the wavelengths’ accuracy, on the instrumental correction function, and on the use of incorrect intensity units confirm that the instrumental correction function is the most important spectrophotometric parameter to take into account in order to produce accurate colour values. Finally, we established and discussed the entire colour range (gamut) that can be generated by combining a red-emitting Eu complex with a green-emitting Tb complex and a blue fluorescent compound. The importance of choosing a proper white point is demonstrated. The potential of using different sets of complexes with different spectral fingerprints in order to obtain metameric colours suitable for anti-counterfeiting is also highlighted. This work answers many questions that could arise during a colorimetric analysis of luminescent probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Andres
- Section of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (J.A.); (A.-S.C.); Tel.: +41-21-693-7455 (J.A.); +41-21-693-9824 (A.-S.C.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Chauvin
- Section of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (J.A.); (A.-S.C.); Tel.: +41-21-693-7455 (J.A.); +41-21-693-9824 (A.-S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kudyakova YS, Slepukhin PA, Valova MS, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI, Bazhin DN. A Rare Example of Discrete Lanthanide–Lithium Tetrakis-β-Diketonates: Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescence Properties. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328420070027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
22
|
Hu Z, Deng Q, Yang S, Guo D. Preparation and fluorescence properties of novel 2-quinolone derivatives and their corresponding Eu(III) complexes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
23
|
Kovacs D, Mathieu E, Kiraev SR, Wells JAL, Demeyere E, Sipos A, Borbas KE. Coordination Environment-Controlled Photoinduced Electron Transfer Quenching in Luminescent Europium Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13190-13200. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emilie Mathieu
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Salauat R. Kiraev
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jordann A. L. Wells
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ellen Demeyere
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Agnès Sipos
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K. Eszter Borbas
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Novel Schiff-base derivatives and corresponding Eu(III) complexes: multiple-color, pH-responsive mechanism and fluorescence property. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
25
|
Fueyo-González F, Garcia-Fernandez E, Martínez D, Infantes L, Orte A, González-Vera JA, Herranz R. Smart lanthanide antennas for sensing water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5484-5487. [PMID: 32347241 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01725f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Two new families of lanthanide antennas are described. 8-Methoxy-4,5-dihydrocyclopenta[de]quinolin-2(1H)-one phosphonates or carboxylates behave as selective antennas exhibiting Eu3+ luminescence in organic solvents, while quinolin-2(1H)-one analogues selectively sensitize the Tb3+ emission. These emissions are quenched by H2O addition. Based on this behaviour, the new lanthanide antennas can be used as highly sensitive water sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilio Garcia-Fernandez
- Departmento de Fisicoquímica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - David Martínez
- Departmento de Fisicoquímica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Infantes
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, IQFR-CSIC, Serrano 119, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Angel Orte
- Departmento de Fisicoquímica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Juan A González-Vera
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain. and Departmento de Fisicoquímica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Rosario Herranz
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen J, Xie Z, Meng L, Hu Z, Kuang X, Xie Y, Lu CZ. Luminescence Tunable Europium and Samarium Complexes: Reversible On/Off Switching and White-Light Emission. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6963-6977. [PMID: 32378887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule functional materials with luminescence tunable by external stimuli are of increasing interest due to their application in sensors, display devices, biomarkers, and switches. Herein, new europium and samarium complexes with ligands having triphenylamine (TPA) groups as the redox center and 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) as the coordinating groups and diketonate (tta) as the second ligand have been constructed. The complexes show white-light emission in selected solvents for proper mixtures of the emission from Ln3+ ions and the ligands. Meanwhile, they exhibit reversible luminescence switching on/off properties by controlling the external potential owing to intramolecular energy transfer from the Ln3+ ions to the electrochemically generated radical cation of TPA•+. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations have been performed to study the electronic spectra. The proposed intramolecular energy transfer processes have been verified by density functional theory (DFT) studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziying Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry, New Campus, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Kuang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Xie
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Can-Zhong Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dansholm CN, Junker AKR, Nielsen LG, Kofod N, Pal R, Sørensen TJ. π-Expanded Thioxanthones - Engineering the Triplet Level of Thioxanthone Sensitizers for Lanthanide-Based Luminescent Probes with Visible Excitation. Chempluschem 2020; 84:1778-1788. [PMID: 31943860 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bright lanthanide based probes for optical bioimaging must rely on the antenna principle, where the lanthanide-centred excited state is formed by a complex sensitization process. Efficient sensitization of lanthanide-centred emission occurs via triplet states centred on the sensitizing chromophore. Here, the triplet state of thioxanthone chromophores is modulated by extending the π-system. Three thioxanthone chromophores-thioxanthone, benzo[c]thioxanthone, and naphtho[2,3-c]thioxanthone were synthesised and characterised. The triplet state energies and lifetimes is found to change as expected, and two dyes are found to be suitable sensitizers for europium(iii) luminescence. Reactive derivatives of thioxanthone and benzo[c]thioxanthone were prepared and coupled to a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (DO3A) lanthanide binding pocket. The photophysics and the performance in optical bioimaging of the resulting europium(iii) complexes were investigated. It is concluded that while the energetics favour efficient sensitization, the solution structure does not. While it was found that the complexes are too lipophilic to be efficient luminescent probes for optical bioimaging, we successfully demonstrated bioimaging using europium(iii) luminescence following 405 nm excitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Nybro Dansholm
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, København Ø, Denmark
| | - Anne Kathrine R Junker
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, København Ø, Denmark
| | - Lea G Nielsen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, København Ø, Denmark
| | - Nicolaj Kofod
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, København Ø, Denmark
| | - Robert Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, København Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Clerc M, Heinemann F, Spingler B, Gasser G. A Luminescent NOTA-Based Terbium(III) “Turn-Off” Sensor for Copper. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:669-677. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Clerc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Bernhard Spingler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, F-75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kudyakova YS, Slepukhin PA, Valova MS, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI, Bazhin DN. The Impact of the Alkali Metal Ion on the Crystal Structure and (Mechano)luminescence of Terbium(III) Tetrakis(β‐diketonates). Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia S. Kudyakova
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy str. 620108 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Pavel A. Slepukhin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy str. 620108 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Marina S. Valova
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy str. 620108 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Yanina V. Burgart
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy str. 620108 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Viktor I. Saloutin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy str. 620108 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Denis N. Bazhin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy str. 620108 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin 19 Mira str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fan L, Qin JC, Li CR, Yang ZY. A Schiff-base receptor based chromone derivate: Highly selective fluorescent and colorimetric probe for Al(III). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 218:342-347. [PMID: 31026711 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Upon excitation of the visible light, probes show colorimetric and fluorescent responses to the specific metal ion, which can be easily detected by the naked eye. Owing to the excitation of the visible light at 423 nm, a novel and simple Schiff-base receptor based chromone derivative called 7-methoxychromone-3-carbaldehyde-(indole-3-formyl) hydrazone (MCIH2) had been investigated as a selective and sensitive probe for Al3+ with colorimetric and fluorescent responses. Upon addition of Al3+ to compound MCIH2 solution, compound MCIH2 could respond to Al3+ with a good selective colorimetric signal, which was easily observed from colorless to yellow-green by the naked eye. Furthermore, a remarkable fluorescence emission enhancement with an "OFF-ON" signal by over 700-fold was triggered, but other various metal ions had no such significant effects on the fluorescence emission. In addition, the detection limit of compound MCIH2 for recognizing Al3+ was evaluated to be as low as 1 × 10-7 M level, which was sufficiently low for sensing Al3+ widely distributed in various environmental and biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Quality and Technical Supervision and Inspection of Jin Chang, Jinchang 737100, PR China
| | - Jing-Can Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Chao-Rui Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zheng-Yin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ilmi R, Khan MS, Li Z, Zhou L, Wong WY, Marken F, Raithby PR. Utilization of Ternary Europium Complex for Organic Electroluminescent Devices and as a Sensitizer to Improve Electroluminescence of Red-Emitting Iridium Complex. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:8316-8331. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ilmi
- Department of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad S. Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon Hong Kong
| | - Frank Marken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhuravlev KP, Michnik Ł, Gawryszewska P, Tsaryuk VI, Kudryashova VA. Europium and terbium pyrrole-2-carboxylates: Structures, luminescence, and energy transfer. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
33
|
Utochnikova VV, Kalyakina AS, Solodukhin NN, Aslandukov AN. On the Structural Features of Substituted Lanthanide Benzoates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina V. Utochnikova
- Department of Chemistry; M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- SIA Evoled; 1a Puskina iela LV-1020 Riga Latvia
| | - Alena S. Kalyakina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Nikolay N. Solodukhin
- Department of Chemistry; M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N. Aslandukov
- Department of Chemistry; M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Junker AKR, Sørensen TJ. Illuminating the Intermolecular vs. Intramolecular Excited State Energy Transfer Quenching by Europium(III) Ions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kathrine R. Junker
- Nano‐Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano‐Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bazhin DN, Kudyakova YS, Bogomyakov AS, Slepukhin PA, Kim GA, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI. Dinuclear lanthanide–lithium complexes based on fluorinated β-diketonate with acetal group: magnetism and effect of crystal packing on mechanoluminescence. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qi00772a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A convenient and straightforward synthesis of a novel type of Ln–Li β-diketonates with a discrete molecular structure is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis N. Bazhin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis
- the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 620990 Ekaterinburg
- Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Eltsin
| | - Yulia S. Kudyakova
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis
- the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 620990 Ekaterinburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Artem S. Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Pavel A. Slepukhin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis
- the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 620990 Ekaterinburg
- Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Eltsin
| | - Grigory A. Kim
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis
- the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 620990 Ekaterinburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Yanina V. Burgart
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis
- the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 620990 Ekaterinburg
- Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Eltsin
| | - Victor I. Saloutin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis
- the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 620990 Ekaterinburg
- Russian Federation
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Eltsin
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Junker AKR, Sørensen TJ. Shining light on the excited state energy cascade in kinetically inert Ln(iii) complexes of a coumarin-appended DO3A ligand. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:964-970. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04464c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide based molecular probes for bioimaging relies on the antenna effect, here we are unravelling the excited state energy cascade that results in sensitized lanthanide luminescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kathrine R. Junker
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 København Ø
- Denmark
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 København Ø
- Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mathieu E, Sipos A, Demeyere E, Phipps D, Sakaveli D, Borbas KE. Lanthanide-based tools for the investigation of cellular environments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10021-10035. [PMID: 30101249 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05271a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biological probes constructed from lanthanides can provide a variety of readout signals, such as the luminescence of Eu(iii), Tb(iii), Yb(iii), Sm(iii) and Dy(iii), and the proton relaxation enhancement of Gd(iii) and Eu(ii). For numerous applications the intracellular delivery of the lanthanide probe is essential. Here, we review the methods for the intracellular delivery of non-targeted complexes (i.e. where the overall complex structure enhances cellular uptake), as well as complexes attached to a targeting unit (i.e. to a peptide or a small molecule) that facilitates delivery. The cellular applications of lanthanide-based supramolecules (dendrimers, metal organic frameworks) are covered briefly. Throughout, we emphasize the techniques that can confirm the intracellular localization of the lanthanides and those that enable the determination of the fate of the probes once inside the cell. Finally, we highlight methods that have not yet been applied in the context of lanthanide-based probes, but have been successful in the intracellular delivery of other metal-based probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Mathieu
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kovacs D, Phipps D, Orthaber A, Borbas KE. Highly luminescent lanthanide complexes sensitised by tertiary amide-linked carbostyril antennae. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10702-10714. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The replacement of the secondary amide linker that carries the sensitizing carbostyril antenna with a tertiary amide in luminescent Eu and Tb complexes dramatically increases the lanthanide emission quantum yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Dulcie Phipps
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - K. Eszter Borbas
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- Uppsala
- Sweden
| |
Collapse
|