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Vorobyeva SN, Bautina SA, Shekhovtsov NA, Nikolaenkova EB, Sukhikh TS, Golubeva YA, Klyushova LS, Krivopalov VP, Rakhmanova MI, Gourlaouen C, Bushuev MB. N^N^C-Cyclometalated rhodium(III) complexes with isomeric pyrimidine-based ligands: unveiling the impact of isomerism on structural motifs, luminescence and cytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8398-8416. [PMID: 38683023 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00824c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The impact of isomerism of pyrimidine-based ligands and their rhodium(III) complexes with regard to their structures and properties was investigated. Two isomeric ligands, 4-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2,5-diphenylpyrimidine (HL2,5) and 4-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine (HL2,6), were synthesized. The ligands differ by the degree of steric bulk: the molecular structure of HL2,5 is more distorted due to presence of pyrazolyl and phenyl groups in the neighbouring positions 4 and 5 of the pyrimidine ring. The complexation of HL2,5 and HL2,6 with RhCl3 leads to the sp2 C-H bond activation, resulting in the isolation of two complexes, [RhL2,5(Solv)Cl2]·nEtOH and [RhL2,6(Solv)Cl2]·nEtOH (Solv = H2O, EtOH), with the deprotonated forms of the pyrazolylpyrimidine molecules which coordinate the Rh3+ ion as N^N^C-tridentate ligands. According to DFT modelling, the mechanism of the deprotonation involves (i) the C-H bond breaking in the 2-phenyl group followed by the coordination of the C atom to the Rh atom, (ii) the protonation of coordinated chlorido ligand, (iii) the ejection of the HCl molecule and (iv) the coordination of the H2O molecule. The ligand isomerism has an impact on emission properties and cytotoxicity of the complexes. Although the excited states of the complexes effectively deactivate through S0/T1 and S0/S1 crossings associated with the cleavage of the weak H2O ligands upon excitation, the [RhL2,5(Solv)Cl2]·nEtOH complex appeared to be emissive in the solid state, while [RhL2,6(Solv)Cl2]·nEtOH is non-emissive at all. The complexes show significant cytotoxic activity against cancerous HepG2 and Hep2 cell lines, with the [RhL2,6(Solv)Cl2]·nEtOH complex being more active than its isomer [RhL2,5(Solv)Cl2]·nEtOH. On the other hand, noticeable cytotoxicity of the latter against HepG2 is supplemented by its non-toxicity against non-cancerous MRC-5 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia N Vorobyeva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Sof'ya A Bautina
- Novosibirsk State University, 1, Pirogova str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nikita A Shekhovtsov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Elena B Nikolaenkova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Taisiya S Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Yuliya A Golubeva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Lyubov S Klyushova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Centre of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (IMBB FRC FTM), 2/12, Timakova str., 630060, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viktor P Krivopalov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Marianna I Rakhmanova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Mark B Bushuev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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Nath J, Baruah JB. E- or Z-Isomers Arising from the Geometries of Ligands in the Mercury Complex of 2-(Anthracen-9-ylmethylene)- N-phenylhydrazine Carbothioamide. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42827-42839. [PMID: 38024736 PMCID: PMC10653070 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
An anionic mercury(II) complex of 2-(anthracen-9-ylmethylene)-N-phenylhydrazine carbothioamide (HATU) and two isomers of a neutral mercury(II) complex of the anion of the same ligand (ATU) were reported. The anionic complex [Hg(HATU)2Cl2]·CH2Cl2 had a monodentate HATU ligand (a neutral form of the ligand) and chloride ligands. The two conformational isomers were of the neutral mercury(II) complex Hg(ATU)2·2DMF. The two isomers were from the E or Z geometry of the ligands across the conjugated C=N-N=C-N scaffold of the coordinated ligand. The two isomers of the complex were independently prepared and characterized. The spectroscopic properties of the isomers in solution were studied by 1H NMR as well as fluorescence spectroscopy. Facile conversion of the E-isomer to the Z-isomer in solution was observed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the Z-isomer of the complex was stable compared to the E-isomer by an energy of 14.35 kJ/mol; whereas, E isomer of the ligand was more stable than Z isomer by 8.37 KJ/mol. The activation barrier for the conversion of the E-isomer to the Z-isomer of the ligand was 167.37 kJ/mol. The role of the mercury ion in the conversion of the E-form to the Z-form was discussed. The mercury complex [Hg(HATU)2Cl2]·CH2Cl2 had the E-form of the ligand. Distinct photophysical features of these mercury complexes were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam India
| | - Jubaraj B. Baruah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam India
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Chen H, Lee G, Chien S, Lee C. Light‐induced
NO
release from iron‐nitrosyl‐thiolato complex: The role of noncovalent thiol/thioether. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huai‐Cheng Chen
- Department of Applied Science National Taitung University Taitung Taiwan
| | - Gene‐Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Su‐Ying Chien
- Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Ming Lee
- Department of Applied Science National Taitung University Taitung Taiwan
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Klementyeva SV, Schrenk C, Schnepf A. Oxidation of [Ge 9{Si(SiMe 3) 3} 3] − with LnI 3 (Ln = Eu, Sm, Yb): Isomerism of Metalloid Germanium Clusters. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11787-11795. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Schrenk
- Chemistry Department, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Andreas Schnepf
- Chemistry Department, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen Germany
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Jakopec S, Pantalon Juraj N, Brozovic A, Jadreško D, Perić B, Kirin SI, Raić‐Malić S. Ferrocene conjugates linked by 1,2,3‐triazole and their Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes: Synthesis, characterization and biological activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Jakopec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Natalija Pantalon Juraj
- Laboratory for Solid‐State and Complex Compounds Chemistry, Division of Materials Chemistry Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia
| | - Anamaria Brozovic
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia
| | - Dijana Jadreško
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Traces, Division for Marine and Environmental Research Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia
| | - Berislav Perić
- Laboratory for Solid‐State and Complex Compounds Chemistry, Division of Materials Chemistry Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia
| | - Srećko I. Kirin
- Laboratory for Solid‐State and Complex Compounds Chemistry, Division of Materials Chemistry Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia
| | - Silvana Raić‐Malić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
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Pantalon Juraj N, Tandarić T, Tadić V, Perić B, Moreth D, Schatzschneider U, Brozovic A, Vianello R, Kirin SI. Tuning the coordination properties of chiral pseudopeptide bis(2-picolyl)amine and iminodiacetamide ligands in Zn( ii) and Cu( ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17008-17021. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02895f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modifications of the chiral side chains of bpa and imda ligands lead to different metal ion coordination and hydrogen bonding ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dominik Moreth
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schatzschneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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