1
|
Kumar S, Mehdi SMZ, Seo Y. 1D MXenes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405576. [PMID: 39344155 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The fascinating properties and versatile nature of 2D MXenes have generated significant interest in the scientific community. This has led to extensive research on expanding these materials into 1D and 0D forms. This review investigates the synthesis, properties, and applications of 1D MXenes, elucidating their potential across various fields. 1D MXenes, including nanowires, nanoribbons, nanorods, and nanotubes, inherit the remarkable properties of their 2D counterparts while also exhibiting unique anisotropic characteristics that enhance their performance in various applications. The review explores various methods for synthesizing 1D MXenes and examines their structural, electronic, and optical properties. The transition from 2D to 1D results in MXenes that offer superior properties, which are advantageous for various next-generation systems. The increased aspect ratio and surface area of 1D MXenes broaden their usage in energy storage, photothermal therapy, oxygen evolution reactions (OER), hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), oxygen reduction reactions (ORR), microwave absorption, filtration membranes, gas sensors, metal detection, etc. The review also addresses the challenges associated with 1D MXenes, such as limited synthesis methods, scalable production, size customization, preservation of structural integrity, and stability. Furthermore, potential opportunities and future directions in the field of 1D MXenes have also been proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Syed Muhammad Zain Mehdi
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Yongho Seo
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pandey S, Oh Y, Ghimire M, Son JW, Lee M, Jun Y. Value addition of MXenes as photo-/electrocatalysts in water splitting for sustainable hydrogen production. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8789-8805. [PMID: 39081173 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01811g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The energy transition from fossil fuel-based to renewable energy is a global agenda. At present, a major concern in the green hydrogen economy is the demand for clean fuels and non-noble materials to produce hydrogen through water splitting. Researchers are focusing on addressing this concern with the help of the development of appropriate non-noble-based photo-/electrocatalytic materials. A new class of two-dimensional materials, MXenes, have recently shown tremendous potential for water splitting to produce H2via a photoelectrochemical process. The unique properties of emerging 2D MXene materials, such as hydrophilic surface functionalities, higher surface-to-volume ratios, and inherent flexibility, present these materials as appropriate photo-/electrocatalytic materials. Unique value addition and innovative strategies such as the introduction of end-group modification, heterojunctions, and nanostructure engineering have shown the potential of MXene materials as emerging photo-/electrocatalysts for water splitting. When integrated with conventional noble metal catalysts, MXene-based catalysts demonstrated a lower overpotential for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions and a remarkable boost in performance for enhanced H2 production rates surpassing those of pristine noble metal-based catalysts. These promote future perspectives for the utilization of chemically synthesized MXenes as alternative photo-/electrocatalysts. Future research direction should focus on MXene synthesis and utilization for surface modification, composite formation, stabilization, and optimization in synthesis methods and post-synthesis treatments. This review highlights the progress in the understanding of fundamental mechanisms and issues associated with water splitting, influencing factors of MXenes, their value addition role, and application strategies for water splitting, including performance, challenges, and outlook of MXene-based photo-/electrocatalysts, in the last five years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshana Pandey
- Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yongsuk Oh
- Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mukesh Ghimire
- Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Won Son
- Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Energy Materials Research Center, Clean Energy Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minoh Lee
- Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yongseok Jun
- Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Energy Materials Research Center, Clean Energy Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Yu Y, Chen R, Yang H, Zhang W, Miao Y, Liu T, Huang J, He G. Induced Anionic Functional Group Orientation-Assisted Stable Electrode-Electrolyte Interphases for Highly Reversible Zinc Anodes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402821. [PMID: 38666375 PMCID: PMC11220644 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Dendrite growth and other side-reaction problems of zinc anodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries heavily affect their cycling lifespan and Coulombic efficiency, which can be effectively alleviated by the application of polymer-based functional protection layer on the anode. However, the utilization rate of functional groups is difficult to improve without destroying the polymer chain. Here, a simple and well-established strategy is proposed by controlling the orientation of functional groups (─SO3H) to assist the optimization of zinc anodes. Depending on the electrostatic effect, the surface-enriched ─SO3H groups increase the ionic conductivity and homogenize the Zn2+ flux while inhibiting anionic permeation. This approach avoids the destruction of the polymer backbone by over-sulfonation and amplifies the effect of functional groups. Therefore, the modified sulfonated polyether ether ketone (H-SPEEK) coating-optimized zinc anode is capable of longtime stable zinc plating/stripping, and moreover an enhanced cycling steadiness under high current densities is also detected in a series of Zn batteries with different cathode materials, which achieved by the inclusion of H-SPEEK coating without causing any harmful effects on the electrolyte and cathode. This work provides an easy and efficient approach to further optimize the plating/stripping of cations on metal electrodes, and sheds lights on the scale-up of high-performance aqueous zinc-ion battery technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Yi Yu
- School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Ruwei Chen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Hang Yang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Yuee Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringInnovation Center for Textile Science and TechnologyDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological ColloidsMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Huang
- School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Guanjie He
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rasheed T, Ferry DB, Iqbal ZF, Imran M, Usman M. Cutting-edge developments in MXene-derived functional hybrid nanostructures: A promising frontier for next-generation water purification membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141955. [PMID: 38614403 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
A novel family of multifunctional nanomaterials called MXenes is quickly evolving, and it has potential applications that are comparable to those of graphene. This article provides a current explanation of the design and performance assessment of MXene-based membranes. The production of MXenes nanosheets are first described, with an emphasis on exfoliation, dispersion stability, and processability, which are essential elements for membrane construction. Further, critical discussion is also given to MXenes potential applications in Vacuum assisted filtration, casting method, Hot press method, electrospinning and electrochemical deposition and layer-by-layer assembly for the creation of MXene and MXene derived nanocomposite membranes. Additionally, the discussion is carried forward to give an insight to the modification methods for the construction of MXene-based membrane are described in the literature, including pure or intercalated nanomaterials, surface modifiers and miscellaneous two-dimensional nanomaterials. Furthermore, the review article highlights the potential utilization of MXene and MXene based membranes in separation and purification processes including removal of small organic molecules, heavy metals, oil-water separation and desalination. Finally, the perspective use of MXenes strong catalytic activity and electrical conductivity for specialized applications that are difficult for other nanomaterials to accomplish are discussed in conclusion and future prospectus section of the manuscript. Overall, important information is given to help the communities of materials science and membranes to better understand the potential of MXenes for creating cutting-edge separation and purification membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Darim Badur Ferry
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeenat Fatima Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore-54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Research center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Modi KH, Pataniya PM, Sumesh CK. 2D Monolayer Catalysts: Towards Efficient Water Splitting and Green Hydrogen Production. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303978. [PMID: 38299695 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
A viable alternative to non-renewable hydrocarbon fuels is hydrogen gas, created using a safe, environmentally friendly process like water splitting. An important role in water-splitting applications is played by the development of two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal chalcogenides (TMDCs), transition metal carbides (MXenes), graphene-derived 2D layered nanomaterials, phosphorene, and hexagonal boron nitride. Advanced synthesis methods and characterization instruments enabled an effective application for improved electrocatalytic water splitting and sustainable hydrogen production. Enhancing active sites, modifying the phase and electronic structure, adding conductive elements like transition metals, forming heterostructures, altering the defect state, etc., can improve the catalytic activity of 2D stacked hybrid monolayer nanomaterials. The majority of global research and development is focused on finding safer substitutes for petrochemical fuels, and this review summarizes recent advancements in the field of 2D monolayer nanomaterials in water splitting for industrial-scale green hydrogen production and fuel cell applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna H Modi
- Department of Physical Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, 388421, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Pratik M Pataniya
- Department of Physical Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, 388421, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - C K Sumesh
- Department of Physical Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, 388421, Changa, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qiu Y, Jing Z, Liu H, He H, Wu K, Cheng Y, Xiao B. Fast access of the lattice thermal conductivity and phonon quasiparticle spectra of Mo 2TiC 2T 2 (T = -O and -F) and Janus Mo 2TiC 2OF MXenes from machine learning potentials. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7645-7659. [PMID: 38529611 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The presence of strong anharmonic effects in surface functionalized MXenes greatly challenges the use of harmonic lattice dynamics calculations to predict their phonon spectra and lattice thermal conductivity at finite temperatures. Herein, we demonstrate the workflow for training and validating machine learning potentials in terms of moment tensor potential (MTP) for MXenes including Mo2TiC2, Mo2TiC2O2, Mo2TiC2F2 and Janus-Mo2TiC2OF monolayers. Then, the MTPs of MXenes are successfully combined with the harmonic lattice dynamics calculations to obtain the temperature renormalized phonon spectra, three-phonon scattering rates, phonon relaxation times and lattice thermal conductivity at finite temperatures. Furthermore, combining MTPs with classic molecular dynamics simulations at finite temperatures directly enables the calculation of phonon quasi-particle spectral energy density with a full inclusion of all anharmonic effects in MXenes. Our current results indicate that anharmonic effects are found to be relatively weak in Mo2TiC2 and Mo2TiC2O2 monolayers, whereas the phonon quasi-particle spectral energy densities largely resemble those of harmonic or renormalized lattice dynamics calculations. Significant broadening of spectral energy density at finite temperature is predicted for Mo2TiC2F2 and Janus-Mo2TiC2OF monolayers, implying strong anharmonic effects in those MXenes. Our work paves a new way for fast and reliable calculation of the phonon scattering process and lattice thermal conductivity of MXenes within MTPs trained from first-principles molecular dynamics simulations in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Qiu
- School of Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Ziang Jing
- School of Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Haoliang Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Huaxuan He
- School of Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Wu
- School of Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Yonghong Cheng
- School of Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Xiao
- School of Electrical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu X, Yao L, Zhang S, Huang C, Yang W. Theoretical Study of Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Mechanism on Typical MXenes under Realistic Conditions. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6305-6314. [PMID: 38549559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
MXenes are a revolutionary class of two-dimensional materials that have been recently demonstrated to exhibit promising capability of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) in theory and experiment. In electrocatalytic reactions, the active phases, the mechanism, and the performance can be greatly influenced by electrochemical conditions such as applied electrode potential, pH, and electrolyte. Therefore, in this first-principles study, the stable surface structures of three typical MXenes (V2C, Mo2C, and Ti3C2) with variation of electrocatalytic conditions were determined by the Pourbaix phase diagrams. Additionally, the reaction mechanism for CO2RR toward C1 products was investigated based on the thermal dynamically stable phases. The computation revealed that surfaces of all three MXenes are dominated by H* termination throughout the practical CO2RR electrochemical condition ranges. Meanwhile, the bicarbonate ions, which serve as the major electrolyte in CO2RR, show thermal dynamic unfavorability to adsorb on the surfaces. Among the three types of MXenes, V2CH exhibits higher activity in generating CO and HCOOH through the CO2RR, while Mo2CH exhibits higher activity in producing HCHO, CH3OH, and CH4. This comprehensive study provides crucial insights into the mechanism of electrocatalytic CO2RR on MXenes under realistic electrochemical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Liu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Lanlan Yao
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Sijia Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Chuanqi Huang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Wenshao Yang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu X, Li Y, Wen M, Xie Y, Zeng K, Liu YN, Chen W, Zhao Y. Nanocatalysts for modulating antitumor immunity: fabrication, mechanisms and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2643-2692. [PMID: 38314836 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00673e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy harnesses the inherent immune system in the body to generate systemic antitumor immunity, offering a promising modality for defending against cancer. However, tumor immunosuppression and evasion seriously restrict the immune response rates in clinical settings. Catalytic nanomedicines can transform tumoral substances/metabolites into therapeutic products in situ, offering unique advantages in antitumor immunotherapy. Through catalytic reactions, both tumor eradication and immune regulation can be simultaneously achieved, favoring the development of systemic antitumor immunity. In recent years, with advancements in catalytic chemistry and nanotechnology, catalytic nanomedicines based on nanozymes, photocatalysts, sonocatalysts, Fenton catalysts, electrocatalysts, piezocatalysts, thermocatalysts and radiocatalysts have been rapidly developed with vast applications in cancer immunotherapy. This review provides an introduction to the fabrication of catalytic nanomedicines with an emphasis on their structures and engineering strategies. Furthermore, the catalytic substrates and state-of-the-art applications of nanocatalysts in cancer immunotherapy have also been outlined and discussed. The relationships between nanostructures and immune regulating performance of catalytic nanomedicines are highlighted to provide a deep understanding of their working mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, the challenges and development trends are revealed, aiming to provide new insights for the future development of nanocatalysts in catalytic immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Yuqing Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Mei Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Yongting Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Ke Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - You-Nian Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Wansong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang J, Yang G, Jiao Y, Yan H, Fu H. Subtle 2D/2D MXene-Based Heterostructures for High-Performance Electrocatalytic Water Splitting. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301602. [PMID: 38385824 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Developing efficient electrocatalysts is significant for the commercial application of electrocatalytic water splitting. 2D materials have presented great prospects in electrocatalysis for their high surface-to-volume ratio and tunable electronic properties. Particularly, MXene emerges as one of the most promising candidates for electrocatalysts, exhibiting unique advantages of hydrophilicity, outstanding conductivity, and exceptional stability. However, it suffers from lacking catalytic active sites, poor oxidation resistance, and easy stacking, leading to a significant suppression of the catalytic performance. Combining MXene with other 2D materials is an effective way to tackle the aforementioned drawbacks. In this review, the focus is on the accurate synthesis of 2D/2D MXene-based catalysts toward electrocatalytic water splitting. First, the mechanisms of electrocatalytic water splitting and the relative properties and preparation methods of MXenes are introduced to offer the basis for accurate synthesis of 2D/2D MXene-based catalysts. Then, the accurate synthesis methods for various categories of 2D/2D MXene-based catalysts, such as wet-chemical, phase-transformation, electrodeposition, etc., are systematically elaborated. Furthermore, in-depth investigations are conducted into the internal interactions and structure-performance relationship of 2D/2D MXene-based catalysts. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities are proposed for the development of 2D/2D MXene-based catalysts, aiming to enlighten these promising nanomaterials for electrocatalytic water splitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Ganceng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yanqing Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Haijing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Honggang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sajid IH, Iqbal MZ, Rizwan S. Recent advances in the role of MXene based hybrid architectures as electrocatalysts for water splitting. RSC Adv 2024; 14:6823-6847. [PMID: 38410361 PMCID: PMC10895475 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06725d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of non-noble metal based and cost-effective electrocatalysts for water splitting has attracted significant attention due to their potential in production of clean and green hydrogen fuel. Discovered in 2011, a family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, have demonstrated promising performance as electro catalysts in the water splitting process due to their high electrical conductivity, very large surface area and abundant catalytic active sites. However, their-long term stability and recyclability are limited due to restacking and agglomeration of MXene flakes. This problem can be solved by combining MXene with other materials to create their hybrid architectures which have demonstrated higher electrocatalytic performance than pristine MXenes. Electrolysis of water encompasses two half-cell reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode. Firstly, this concise review explains the mechanism of water splitting. Then it provides an overview of the recent advances about applications of MXenes and their hybrid architectures as HER, OER and bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. Finally, the recent challenges and potential outlook in the field have been presented. This concise review may provide further understanding about the role of MXene-based hybrid architectures to develop efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Haider Sajid
- Physics Characterization and Simulations Lab (PCSL), Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan +92 51 886 5599
| | - Muhammad Z Iqbal
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University P.O. Box 15551 Al-Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed Rizwan
- Physics Characterization and Simulations Lab (PCSL), Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan +92 51 886 5599
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
In situ self-assembled macroporous interconnected nanosheet arrays of Ni-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate metal - organic framework on Ti mesh as high-performance oxygen evolution electrodes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 639:274-283. [PMID: 36805752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient metal-organic framework (MOF)-based oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts are desirable for water splitting, but their development remains challenging due to poor accessibility of coordinatively unsaturated metal (cum) sites and low intrinsic activity. A large-area three-dimensional (3-D) macroporous interconnected nanosheet array of Ni-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate has been in situ self-assembled on Ti mesh (TM) by using ethanol as the solvent and high-affinity oxide layer on TM to promote in situ nucleation. The obtained nanoarchitecture exhibits much superior catalytic activity compared to most reported catalysts including MOF-based catalysts, other precious-metal-free ones, and Ir/Ru-based ones. Additionally, this electrode undergoes no current decay after 300 cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycles and can maintain at 250 mA cm-2 for over 266 h. The excellent catalytic performance is mainly due to the 3-D macroporous and interconnected nanosheet array structure improving cum site exposure and charge transport and in situ activated cum cations enhancing OH- adsorption. This work not only develops a facile and economical approach to synthesize 3-D macroporous interconnected MOF nanosheet arrays to simultaneously increase the number, exposure, and intrinsic activity of active sites and facilitate charge transport for high-performance eletrocatalysis, but provides scientific insights into the mechanisms for self-assembly of this unique nanoarchitecture and for the high OER performance.
Collapse
|
12
|
He H, Wen H, Li H, Li P, Wang J, Yang Y, Li C, Zhang Z, Du M. Hydrophobicity Tailoring of Ferric Covalent Organic Framework/MXene Nanosheets for High-Efficiency Nitrogen Electroreduction to Ammonia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206933. [PMID: 36995064 PMCID: PMC10214235 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) represents a promising sustainable approach for NH3 synthesis. However, the poor NRR performance of electrocatalysts is a great challenge at this stage, mainly owing to their low activity and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, 2D ferric covalent organic framework/MXene (COF-Fe/MXene) nanosheets with controllable hydrophobic behaviors are successfully prepared via a multiple-in-one synthetic strategy. The boosting hydrophobicity of COF-Fe/MXene can effectively repel water molecules to inhibit the HER for enhanced NRR performances. By virtue of the ultrathin nanostructure, well-defined single Fe sites, nitrogen enrichment effect, and high hydrophobicity, the 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanethiol modified COF-Fe/MXene hybrid shows a NH3 yield of 41.8 µg h-1 mgcat. -1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 43.1% at -0.5 V versus RHE in a 0.1 m Na2 SO4 water solution, which are vastly superior to the known Fe-based catalysts and even to the noble metal catalysts. This work provides a universal strategy to design and synthesis of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for high-efficiency N2 reduction to NH3 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongming He
- College of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Hao‐Ming Wen
- College of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Hong‐Kai Li
- College of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Ping Li
- College of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- College of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Yijie Yang
- College of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Cheng‐Peng Li
- College of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001China
| | - Miao Du
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shu Z, Cai Y. Thickness-dependent catalytic activity of hydrogen evolution based on single atomic catalyst of Pt above MXene. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:204001. [PMID: 36881922 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc22a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen as the cleanest energy carrier is a promising alternative renewable resource to fossil fuels. There is an ever-increasing interest in exploring efficient and cost-effective approaches of hydrogen production. Recent experiments have shown that single platinum atom immobilized on the metal vacancies of MXenes allows a high-efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here usingab initiocalculations, we design a series of substitutional Pt-doped Tin+ 1CnTx(Tin+ 1CnTx-PtSA) with different thicknesses and terminations (n= 1, 2 and 3, Tx= O, F and OH), and investigate the quantum-confinement effect on the HER catalytic performance. Surprisingly, we reveal a strong thickness effect of the MXene layer on the HER performance. Among the various surface-terminated derivatives, Ti2CF2-PtSAand Ti2CH2O2-PtSAare found to be the best HER catalysts with the change of Gibbs free energy ΔGH*∼ 0 eV, complying with the thermoneutral condition. Theab initiomolecular dynamics simulations reveal that Ti2CF2-PtSAand Ti2CH2O2-PtSApossess a good thermodynamic stability. The present work shows that the HER catalytic activity of the MXene is not solely governed by the local environment of the surface such as Pt single atom. We point out the critical role of thickness control and surface decoration of substrate in achieving a high-performance HER catalytical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Shu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang Z, Rafiq M, Woldu AR, Tong QX, Astruc D, Hu L. Recent progress in electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia (NRR). Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
15
|
Wu Q, Siddique MS, Wang H, Cui L, Wang H, Pan M, Yan J. Visible-light-driven iron-based heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts for wastewater decontamination: A review of recent advances. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137509. [PMID: 36495983 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light-driven heterogeneous photo-Fenton process has emerged as the most promising Fenton-derived technology for wastewater decontamination, owing to its prominent superiorities including the potential utilization of clean energy (solar light), and acceleration of ≡Fe(II)/≡Fe(III) dynamic cycle. As the core constituent, catalysts play a pivotal role in the photocatalytic activation of H2O2 to yield reactive oxidative species (ROS). To date, all types of iron-based heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts (Fe-HPFCs) have been extensively reported by the scientific community, and exhibited satisfactory catalytic performance towards pollutants decomposition, sometimes even exceeding the homogeneous counterparts (Fe(II)/H2O2). However, the relevant reviews on Fe-HPFCs, especially from the viewpoint of catalyst-self design are extremely limited. Therefore, this state-of-the-art review focuses on the available Fe-HPFCs in literatures, and gives their classification based on their self-characteristics and modification strategies for the first time. Two classes of representative Fe-HPFCs, conventional inorganic semiconductors of Fe-containing minerals and newly emerging Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs) are comprehensively summarized. Moreover, three universal strategies including (i) transition metal (TMs) doping, (ii) construction of heterojunctions with other semiconductors or plasmonic materials, and (iii) combination with supporters were proposed to tackle their inherent defects, viz., inferior light-harvesting capacity, fast recombination of photogenerated carriers, slow mass transfer and low exposure and uneven dispersion of active sites. Lastly, a critical emphasis was also made on the challenges and prospects of Fe-HPFCs in wastewater treatment, providing valuable guidance to researchers for the reasonable construction of high-performance Fe-HPFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangshun Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China.
| | - Muhammad Saboor Siddique
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100086, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Liqiang Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Mei Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Jinlong Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li Y, Zhu S, Wu E, Ding H, Lu J, Mu X, Chen L, Zhang Y, Palisaitis J, Chen K, Li M, Yan P, Persson POÅ, Hultman L, Eklund P, Du S, Kuang Y, Chai Z, Huang Q. Nanolaminated Ternary Transition Metal Carbide (MAX Phase)-Derived Core-Shell Structure Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Evolution Reactions in Alkaline Electrolytes. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:481-488. [PMID: 36625782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of abundant, cheap, and highly active catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is important for hydrogen production. Nanolaminate ternary transition metal carbides (MAX phases) and their derived two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) have attracted considerable interest for electrocatalyst applications. Herein, four new MAX@MXene core-shell structures (Ta2CoC@Ta2CTx, Ta2NiC@Ta2CTx, Nb2CoC@Nb2CTx, and Nb2NiC@Nb2CTx), in which the core region is Co/Ni-MAX phases while the edge region is MXenes, have been prepared. Under alkaline electrolyte conditions, the Ta2CoC@Ta2CTx core-shell structure showed an overpotential of 239 mV and excellent stability during the HER with MXenes as the active sites. For the OER, the Ta2CoC@Ta2CTx core-shell structure showed an overpotential of 373 mV and a small Tafel plot (56 mV dec-1), which maintained a bulk crystalline structure and generated Co-based oxyhydroxides that formed by surface reconstruction as active sites. Considering rich chemical compositions and structures of MAX phases, this work provides a new strategy for designing multifunctional electrocatalysts and also paves the way for further development of MAX phase-based materials for clean energy applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youbing Li
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Shuairu Zhu
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, 85 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
| | - Erxiao Wu
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Haoming Ding
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping58183, Sweden
| | - Xulin Mu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Properties of Solids, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Justinas Palisaitis
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping58183, Sweden
| | - Ke Chen
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Mian Li
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Properties of Solids, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Per O Å Persson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping58183, Sweden
| | - Lars Hultman
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping58183, Sweden
| | - Per Eklund
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping58183, Sweden
| | - Shiyu Du
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Yongbo Kuang
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China
| | - Zhifang Chai
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang315201, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Ningbo315336, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu D, Zeng L, Liu Y, Yuan C, Xue X, Zhang X. Design of 2D/2D heterojunction of Ti3C2/BiOClxBr1-x for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
18
|
Koriukina T, Kotronia A, Halim J, Hahlin M, Rosen J, Edström K, Nyholm L. On the Use of Ti 3C 2 T x MXene as a Negative Electrode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41696-41710. [PMID: 36406498 PMCID: PMC9670687 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of new and better battery materials has given rise to numerous studies of the possibilities to use two-dimensional negative electrode materials, such as MXenes, in lithium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, both the origin of the capacity and the reasons for significant variations in the capacity seen for different MXene electrodes still remain unclear, even for the most studied MXene: Ti3C2 T x . Herein, freestanding Ti3C2 T x MXene films, composed only of Ti3C2 T x MXene flakes, are studied as additive-free negative lithium-ion battery electrodes, employing lithium metal half-cells and a combination of chronopotentiometry, cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments. The aim of this study is to identify the redox reactions responsible for the observed reversible and irreversible capacities of Ti3C2 T x -based lithium-ion batteries as well as the reasons for the significant capacity variation seen in the literature. The results demonstrate that the reversible capacity mainly stems from redox reactions involving the T x -Ti-C titanium species situated on the surfaces of the MXene flakes, whereas the Ti-C titanium present in the core of the flakes remains electro-inactive. While a relatively low reversible capacity is obtained for electrodes composed of pristine Ti3C2 T x MXene flakes, significantly higher capacities are seen after having exposed the flakes to water and air prior to the manufacturing of the electrodes. This is ascribed to a change in the titanium oxidation state at the surfaces of the MXene flakes, resulting in increased concentrations of Ti(II), Ti(III), and Ti(IV) in the T x -Ti-C surface species. The significant irreversible capacity seen in the first cycles is mainly attributed to the presence of residual water in the Ti3C2 T x electrodes. As the capacities of Ti3C2 T x MXene negative electrodes depend on the concentration of Ti(II), Ti(III), and Ti(IV) in the T x -Ti-C surface species and the water content, different capacities can be expected when using different manufacturing, pretreatment, and drying procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Koriukina
- The
Ångström Advanced Battery Center, Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antonia Kotronia
- The
Ångström Advanced Battery Center, Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joseph Halim
- Materials
Design Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria Hahlin
- The
Ångström Advanced Battery Center, Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Materials
Design Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kristina Edström
- The
Ångström Advanced Battery Center, Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Nyholm
- The
Ångström Advanced Battery Center, Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tian Z, Tian H, Cao K, Bai S, Peng Q, Wang Y, Zhu Q. Facile preparation of Ti3C2Tx sheets by selectively etching in a H2SO4/H2O2 mixture. Front Chem 2022; 10:962528. [PMID: 36339050 PMCID: PMC9626649 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.962528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MXenes and MXene-based composite materials have potential applications in a wide range of areas due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. At present, it is still a major challenge to develop a simple, safe, and efficient route to prepare MXenes without using fluorinated etchants. Herein, we design a facile method to prepare Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets by selectively etching Ti3AlC2 powders in an aqueous diluted H2SO4 solution with H2O2 as an oxidant. In a system of H2SO4 and H2O2, an aqueous H2SO4 solution with a concentration of 6 mol/L is a strongly acidic medium with no volatility, and 30% H2O2 acts as a strong green oxidizer without harmful by-products. The experimental process is safe and convenient to conduct in a beaker under a water bath of 40°C. The etching process can be completed in 1 h under the air atmosphere conditions. The experimental results confirmed that the etched Ti3AlC2 powders can be successfully separated into Ti3C2Tx nanosheets under ultrasound treatment without using any intercalation agent. The relevant etching mechanism is may be attributed to the synergy effect of H2SO4 and H2O2, which triggers sequential selective etching of Al layers from the Ti3AlC2 phase. It may provide a new green way to prepare MXene-based materials without using toxic HF or HF-containing etchants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshan Tian
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengshan Tian, ; Suzhen Bai,
| | - Hao Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kesheng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Suzhen Bai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengshan Tian, ; Suzhen Bai,
| | - Qinlong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Yabo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhu
- College of Information and Electronic Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|