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Ji M, Kim HJ, Ahn CB, Son KH, Hong JH. Cellular channelopathy mediated by hypergravity: IL-6-mediated Nkcc1 activation and enhanced Trpm2 expression in rat atrium. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 383:1017-1024. [PMID: 33159577 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although cardiac tissue is considered a target of gravitational force (g-force), the mechanism of hypergravity on the ion modulation or identification of ion transporters is still unknown. Thus, we determine the effect of hypergravity on a physical force-sensitive cytokine, IL-6 and its related channel activity to investigate rat cardiac function changes in response to accelerated g-force. Serum IL-6 levels and intracellular calcium levels of the right atrium were moderately increased under hypergravity stimulation (4g). IL-6 was involved in the modulation of sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter (Nkcc) activity. Surprisingly, the right atrium under 4g revealed significantly enhanced Nkcc1 activity. The use of IL-6 on the NKCC1-overexpressed or native NKCC-expressing cells also showed enhanced NKCC1 activity. Hypergravity conditions were also involved in the oxidative stress activated Trpm2 channel and revealed an enhanced expression of the Trpm2 channel under 4g in the rat right atrium. In conclusion, hypergravity revealed that moderate increases in serum IL-6 and enhanced Nkcc1 activity was modulated by IL-6. In addition, enhanced Trpm2 channel expression could be involved in the increased intracellular calcium levels of the right atrium under hypergravitational force. We therefore address that enhanced physical force-sensitive cytokine and oxidative stress by the gravitational force mediate activation of the cotransporter involved in possibilities of edema and calcium loading in cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjeong Ji
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, 155 Getbeolro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, 22332, South Korea
| | - Chi Bum Ahn
- Center for Information Security Technologies, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, South Korea.
| | - Jeong Hee Hong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, 155 Getbeolro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 155 Getbeolro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
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Roder P, Hille C. Local tissue manipulation via a force- and pressure-controlled AFM micropipette for analysis of cellular processes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5892. [PMID: 29651136 PMCID: PMC5897369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Local manipulation of complex tissues at the single-cell level is challenging and requires excellent sealing between the specimen and the micromanipulation device. Here, biological applications for a recently developed loading technique for a force- and pressure-controlled fluidic force microscope micropipette are described. This technique allows for the exact positioning and precise spatiotemporal control of liquid delivery. The feasibility of a local loading technique for tissue applications was investigated using two fluorescent dyes, with which local loading behaviour could be optically visualised. Thus, homogeneous intracellular distribution of CellTracker Red and accumulation of SYTO 9 Green within nuclei was realised in single cells of a tissue preparation. Subsequently, physiological micromanipulation experiments were performed. Salivary gland tissue was pre-incubated with the Ca2+-sensitive dye OGB-1. An intracellular Ca2+ rise was then initiated at the single-cell level by applying dopamine via micropipette. When pre-incubating tissue with the nitric oxide (NO)-sensitive dye DAF-FM, NO release and intercellular NO diffusion was observed after local application of the NO donor SNP. Finally, local micromanipulation of a well-defined area along irregularly shaped cell surfaces of complex biosystems was shown for the first time for the fluidic force microscope micropipette. Thus, this technique is a promising tool for the investigation of the spatiotemporal effects of locally applied substances in complex tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Roder
- Department of Physical Chemistry/Applied Laser Sensing in Complex Biosystems (ALS ComBi), Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Carsten Hille
- Department of Physical Chemistry/Applied Laser Sensing in Complex Biosystems (ALS ComBi), Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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Ge YX, Shang B, Chen WZ, Lu Y, Wang J. Adult-onset of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome with hypothyroidism and psychiatric disorders. eNeurologicalSci 2017; 6:16-20. [PMID: 29260009 PMCID: PMC5721577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a clinical syndrome associated with mitochondrial disorders (MIDs). This report illustrates a case of MELAS syndrome with hypothyroidism and psychiatric disorders, which is different from the common clinical manifestations of MELAS syndrome, such as exercise intolerance, migraine-like headaches, hearing loss and seizures etc. There are considerable interests in the possibility that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in the pathogenesis of endocrine dysfunctions and psychiatric disorders in MELAS syndrome.
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Key Words
- ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- BAEP, Brainstem auditory evoked potential
- CSF, Cerebral spinal fluid
- CT, Computed tomography
- Cr, creatine
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- DWI, diffusion-weighted image
- Endocrine dysfunction
- FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery
- MELAS
- MELAS, mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes
- MIDs, Mitochondrial disorders
- MRC, mitochondrial respiratory chain
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- Mitochondrial disorders
- NAA, N-acetyl aspartic acid
- OB, oligoclonal bands
- Psychiatric disorders
- RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism
- ROI, region of interest
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xing Ge
- Department of Neurology, Tongji University Affiliated Tenth People's Hospital, 200072 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bo Shang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji University Affiliated Tenth People's Hospital, 200072 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wen-Zhen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji University Affiliated Tenth People's Hospital, 200072 Shanghai, PR China
| | - You Lu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji University Affiliated Tenth People's Hospital, 200072 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji University Affiliated Tenth People's Hospital, 200072 Shanghai, PR China
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A Multifunctional Frontloading Approach for Repeated Recycling of a Pressure-Controlled AFM Micropipette. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144157. [PMID: 26636981 PMCID: PMC4670200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid force microscopy combines the positional accuracy and force sensitivity of an atomic force microscope (AFM) with nanofluidics via a microchanneled cantilever. However, adequate loading and cleaning procedures for such AFM micropipettes are required for various application situations. Here, a new frontloading procedure is described for an AFM micropipette functioning as a force- and pressure-controlled microscale liquid dispenser. This frontloading procedure seems especially attractive when using target substances featuring high costs or low available amounts. Here, the AFM micropipette could be filled from the tip side with liquid from a previously applied droplet with a volume of only a few μL using a short low-pressure pulse. The liquid-loaded AFM micropipettes could be then applied for experiments in air or liquid environments. AFM micropipette frontloading was evaluated with the well-known organic fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G and the AlexaFluor647-labeled antibody goat anti-rat IgG as an example of a larger biological compound. After micropipette usage, specific cleaning procedures were tested. Furthermore, a storage method is described, at which the AFM micropipettes could be stored for a few hours up to several days without drying out or clogging of the microchannel. In summary, the rapid, versatile and cost-efficient frontloading and cleaning procedure for the repeated usage of a single AFM micropipette is beneficial for various application situations from specific surface modifications through to local manipulation of living cells, and provides a simplified and faster handling for already known experiments with fluid force microscopy.
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Shrestha S, Park J, Ahn SJ, Kim Y. PGE2 MEDIATES OENOCYTOID CELL LYSIS VIA A SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE COTRANSPORTER. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 89:218-229. [PMID: 25845372 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) mediates immune responses of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, including oenocytoid cell lysis (a class of lepidopteran hemocytes: OCL) via its specific membrane receptor to release inactive prophenoloxidase (PPO) into hemolymph. PPO is activated into phenoloxidase in the plasma to play crucial roles in the immune responses of S. exigua. The mechanism of OCL has not been elucidated, however we posed the hypothesis that a rapid accumulation of sodium ions within the oenocytoids allows a massive influx of water by the ion gradient, which leads to the cell lysis. It remains unclear which sodium channel is responsible for the OCL in response to PGE2 . This study identified a specific sodium channel called sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter 1 (Se-NKCC1) expressed in hemocytes of S. exigua and analyzed its function in the OCL in response to PGE2 . Se-NKCC1 encodes a basic membrane protein (pI value = 8.445) of 1,066 amino acid residues, which contains 12 putative transmembrane domains. Se-NKCC1 was expressed in all developmental stages and tissues. qPCR showed that bacterial challenge significantly induced its expression. A specific inhibitor of NKCC, bumetanide, prevented the OCL in a dose-dependent manner. When RNA interference (RNAi) using double-stranded RNA specific to Se-NKCC1 suppressed its expression, the OCL and PPO activation were significantly inhibited in response to PGE2 . The RNAi treatment also reduced nodule formation to bacterial challenge. These results suggest that Se-NKCC1 is associated with OCL by facilitating inward transport of ions in response to PGE2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sony Shrestha
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, Korea
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jiyeong Park
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, Korea
| | - Seung-Joon Ahn
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Yonggyun Kim
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, Korea
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Jahn K, Hille C. Asante Calcium Green and Asante Calcium Red--novel calcium indicators for two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105334. [PMID: 25140519 PMCID: PMC4139374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For a comprehensive understanding of cellular processes and potential dysfunctions therein, an analysis of the ubiquitous intracellular second messenger calcium is of particular interest. This study examined the suitability of the novel Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dyes Asante Calcium Red (ACR) and Asante Calcium Green (ACG) for two-photon (2P)-excited time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Both dyes displayed sufficient 2P fluorescence excitation in a range of 720–900 nm. In vitro, ACR and ACG exhibited a biexponential fluorescence decay behavior and the two decay time components in the ns-range could be attributed to the Ca2+-free and Ca2+-bound dye species. The amplitude-weighted average fluorescence decay time changed in a Ca2+-dependent way, unraveling in vitro dissociation constants KD of 114 nM and 15 nM for ACR and ACG, respectively. In the presence of bovine serum albumin, the absorption and steady-state fluorescence behavior of ACR was altered and its biexponential fluorescence decay showed about 5-times longer decay time components indicating dye-protein interactions. Since no ester derivative of ACG was commercially available, only ACR was evaluated for 2P-excited fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2P-FLIM) in living cells of American cockroach salivary glands. In living cells, ACR also exhibited a biexponential fluorescence decay with clearly resolvable short (0.56 ns) and long (2.44 ns) decay time components attributable to the Ca2+-free and Ca2+-bound ACR species. From the amplitude-weighted average fluorescence decay times, an in situ KD of 180 nM was determined. Thus, quantitative [Ca2+]i recordings were realized, unraveling a reversible dopamine-induced [Ca2+]i elevation from 21 nM to 590 nM in salivary duct cells. It was concluded that ACR is a promising new Ca2+ indicator dye for 2P-FLIM recordings applicable in diverse biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Jahn
- Department of Physical Chemistry/ALS ComBi, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Carsten Hille
- Department of Physical Chemistry/ALS ComBi, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Sagolla K, Löhmannsröben HG, Hille C. Time-resolved fluorescence microscopy for quantitative Ca2+ imaging in living cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:8525-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Calcium transport and homeostasis in gill cells of a freshwater crab Dilocarcinus pagei. J Comp Physiol B 2009; 180:313-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-009-0427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Pfeiffer K, Panek I, Höger U, French AS, Torkkeli PH. Random Stimulation of Spider Mechanosensory Neurons Reveals Long-Lasting Excitation by GABA and Muscimol. J Neurophysiol 2009; 101:54-66. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.91020.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor activation inhibits many primary afferent neurons by depolarization and increased membrane conductance. Deterministic (step and sinusoidal) functions are commonly used as stimuli to test such inhibition. We found that when the VS-3 mechanosensory neurons innervating the spider lyriform slit-sense organ were stimulated by randomly varying white-noise mechanical or electrical signals, their responses to GABAA receptor agonists were more complex than the inhibition observed during deterministic stimulation. Instead, there was rapid excitation, then brief inhibition, followed by long-lasting excitation. During the final excitatory phase, VS-3 neuron sensitivity to high-frequency signals increased selectively and their linear information capacity also increased. Using experimental and simulation approaches we found that the excitatory effect could also be achieved by depolarizing the neurons without GABA application and that excitation could override the inhibitory effect produced by increased membrane conductance (shunting). When the VS-3 neurons were exposed to bumetanide, an antagonist of the Cl− transporter NKCC1, the GABA-induced depolarization decreased without any change in firing rate, suggesting that the effects of GABA can be maintained for a long time without additional Cl− influx. Our results show that the VS-3 neuron's response to GABA depends profoundly on the type of signals the neuron is conveying while the transmitter binds to its receptors.
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Hille C, Walz B. Characterisation of neurotransmitter-induced electrolyte transport in cockroach salivary glands by intracellular Ca2+, Na+ and pH measurements in duct cells. J Exp Biol 2008; 211:568-76. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARYIon-transporting acinar peripheral cells in cockroach salivary glands are innervated by dopaminergic and serotonergic fibres, but saliva-modifying duct cells are innervated only by dopaminergic fibres. We used microfluorometry to record intracellular Na+, Ca2+ and H+concentrations ([Na+]i, [Ca2+]iand pHi) in duct cells of two types of preparation, viz`lobes' consisting of acini with their duct system and `isolated ducts'without acini, in order to obtain information about the transporters involved in saliva secretion and/or modification. Our results indicate that (1)stimulation of lobes by dopamine (DA) causes a strong drop of pHiand increases in [Na+]i and[Ca2+]i in duct cells; (2) in contrast, DA stimulation of isolated ducts produces only a small pHi drop and no changes in[Na+]i and [Ca2+]i; (3)pHi and [Ca2+]i changes are also induced in duct cells by serotonin (5-HT) stimulation of lobes, but not isolated ducts;(4) in the absence of CO2/HCO3–, the DA-induced pHi drop is strongly reduced by removal of extracellular Cl– or inhibition of the Na+–K+–2Cl– cotransporter(NKCC); (5) in the presence of CO2/HCO3–, the DA-induced pHi drop is not reduced by NKCC inhibition, but rather by inhibition of the Cl–/HCO3–exchanger (AE), Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) or carbonic anhydrase. We suggest that DA and 5-HT act predominantly on acinar peripheral cells. Their activity (secretion of primary saliva) seems to cause changes in ion concentrations in duct cells. NKCC and/or AE/NHE activities are necessary for pHi changes in duct cells; we consider that these transporters are involved in the secretion of the NaCl-rich primary saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Hille
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Animal Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bernd Walz
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Animal Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Hille C, Walz B. A vacuolar-type H+-ATPase and a Na+/H+exchanger contribute to intracellular pH regulation in cockroach salivary ducts. J Exp Biol 2007; 210:1463-71. [PMID: 17401129 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.001529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYCells of the dopaminergically innervated salivary ducts in the cockroach Periplaneta americana have a vacuolar-type H+-ATPase(V-ATPase) of unknown function in their apical membrane. We have studied whether dopamine affects intracellular pH (pHi) in duct cells and whether and to what extent the apical V-ATPase contributes to pHiregulation. pHi measurements with double-barrelled pH-sensitive microelectrodes and the fluorescent dye BCECF have revealed: (1) the steady-state pHi is 7.3±0.1; (2) dopamine induces a dose-dependent acidification up to pH 6.9±0.1 at 1 μmol l–1 dopamine, EC50 at 30 nmol l–1dopamine; (3) V-ATPase inhibition with concanamycin A or Na+-free physiological saline (PS) does not affect the steady-state pHi; (4)concanamycin A, Na+ -free PS and Na+/H+exchange inhibition with 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride(EIPA) each reduce the rate of pHi recovery from a dopamine-induced acidification or an acidification induced by an NH4Cl pulse; (5)pHi recovery after NH4Cl-induced acidification is almost completely blocked by concanamycin A in Na+-free PS or by concanamycin A applied together with EIPA; (6) pHi recovery after dopamine-induced acidification is also completely blocked by concanamycin A in Na+-free PS but only partially blocked by concanamycin A applied together with EIPA. We therefore conclude that the apical V-ATPase and a basolateral Na+/H+ exchange play a minor role in steady-state pHi regulation but contribute both to H+extrusion after an acute dopamine- or NH4Cl-induced acid load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Hille
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Animal Physiology, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Su L, Ma CY, Zhou YD, Jia YH, Cui ZJ. Cytosolic calcium oscillations in submandibular gland cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2006; 27:843-7. [PMID: 16787567 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium oscillations can, by default, encode diverse and specific signals by different modes of modulation. Frequency modulation is illustrated by the activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II at unit Hz, and of calcineurin at 10 mHz frequencies, respectively. The submandibular gland secretory axis is characterized by both potassium and osmolarity gradients from the luminal side of the secretory cells. Such gradients may play significant physiological roles through the feedback modulation of cholinergic stimulation. High potassium transforms plateau calcium increases induced by cholinergic stimulation of the submandibular acinar cells into oscillatory calcium increases. The ductal cells may have similar mechanisms of feedback modulation both by high potassium and by hypoosmolarity. Such feedback mechanisms could modulate the decision-making process for determining which secretory products are selectively released after nerve stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Institute of Cell Biology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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