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Takele MD, Belay GJ, Kassa T, Merawie DM, Zinabu FS, Cherkos K, Eriku GA, Kibret AK, Chanie ST. Burden of depression and its associated factors among older people living in Gondar town, Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38952219 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2372056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression is one of the main causes of disability worldwide and makes a major contribution to the global disease burden, especially in developing countries. It is also one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the older people and a significant risk factor for both disability and death. Despite the fact that little research has been done on it among those who live in sub-Saharan Africa, especially Ethiopia, the aim of this study was to fill the above-mentioned gap among older people. METHOD A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023. A total of 607 older people were included using the multistage sampling technique. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to assess depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale item 15 with a cut-off ≥5. For statistical analysis, the binary logistic regression model was employed. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants was 72.45 (SD ±9.08) years. The prevalence of depression was found to be 45%. Age 80 years and above, 70-79 years, widowed, retired, known chronic disease, and poor social support were associated factors with depression. CONCLUSION Compared to other studies conducted in different regions of Ethiopia, the prevalence of depression in this study was found to be high, at 45%. The results of this study may be taken as providing health professionals, health policymakers, and other pertinent stakeholders' early warning signs and guidance on how to take efficient control measures and conduct periodic monitoring among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihret Dejen Takele
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Jember Belay
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfa Kassa
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Destaw Marie Merawie
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fiseha Sefiwu Zinabu
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Cherkos
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Azeze Eriku
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Kassaw Kibret
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Teferi Chanie
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Perea-García M, Martori JC, Del Moral-Pairada M, Amblàs-Novellas J. [Geriatric syndromes in intermediate care resources: Screening, prevalence and inpatient mortality. Multicenter prospective study]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2023; 58:134-140. [PMID: 37142459 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of geriatric syndromes (GS) in the geriatric population of the different intermediate care resources, as well as its relationship with intrahospital mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective observational descriptive study, carried out in intermediate care resources in the Vic area (Barcelona) between July 2018 and September 2019. All people aged ≥65 years and/or criteria of complex chronic patient and/or advanced chronic disease, who were assessed for the presence of GS using the trigger questions of the Frail VIG-Index (IF-VIG), administered at baseline, on admission, on discharge and 30 days after discharge. RESULTS Four hundred and forty-two participants were included, of which 55.4% were women, with a mean age of 83.48 years. There are significant differences (P<.05) between frailty, age and number of GS in relation to the intermediate care resource at the time of admission. There were significant differences in the prevalence of GS between the group of patients who died during the hospitalization (24.7% of the sample) in relation to the survivors: both in a situation baseline (malnutrition, dysphagia, delirium, loss of autonomy, pressure ulcers, and insomnia), as well as in the admission assessment (falls, malnutrition, dysphagia, cognitive impairment, delirium, loss of autonomy, and insomnia). CONCLUSIONS There is a close relationship between the prevalence of GS and in-hospital mortality in intermediate care resources. In the absence of more studies, the use of the IF-VIG as a screening checklist for GS could be useful for its detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Perea-García
- Hospital de Sant Celoni, Sant Celoni, Barcelona, España; Grupo de Investigación en Cronicidad de la Cataluña Central (C3RG), Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, España.
| | - Joan Carles Martori
- Grupo de Investigación Data Analysis and Modeling, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, España
| | - Marta Del Moral-Pairada
- Centro de Atención Primaria, Consorcio de Atención Primaria de Salud de Eixample (CAPSBE), Barcelona, España
| | - Jordi Amblàs-Novellas
- Grupo de Investigación en Cronicidad de la Cataluña Central (C3RG), Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, España
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Global prevalence of depression in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological surveys. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 80:103417. [PMID: 36587492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reported prevalence of depressive symptoms (depression hereafter) among older adults varied widely across different studies. This was a meta-analysis to systematically examine the global prevalence of depression among older populations and its associated factors. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Due to the differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between studies, random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of depression and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS In total, 55 studies with 59,851 individuals met the study criteria and were included in the analyses. The overall prevalence of depression was 35.1% (95%CI: 30.2-40.4%). Subgroup analyses revealed that different sampling methods (Q=10592.49, p = 0.037), Geriatric Depression Scale versions (Q=13712.55, p < 0.001) and income levels (Q=14.028, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the pooled prevalence of depression in older adults. In the meta-regression analyses, time of survey (B=0.012, z = 2.30, p = 0.029) was positively associated, and mean age (B=-0.018, z = 2.10, p = 0.044) was negatively associated with the prevalence of depression in older populations. The funnel plot and Egger's test did not reveal any significant publication bias (Egger's test: t = 1.93, p = 0.059). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis found that over a third of older populations globally had depression. Effective preventive measures, regular screening and timely interventions are needed to address this highly prevalent public health problem among older adults.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Maheswaran T, Mahendrarajah N, Gunarathna AI, Coonghe PA, Suganthan N, Sivayokan S. Depression, Disability, and Cognitive Impairment Among Elders With Medical Illnesses Attending Follow-Up Clinics at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Sri Lanka. Cureus 2022; 14:e32379. [PMID: 36632254 PMCID: PMC9828413 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rising proportion of the elderly is increasingly affected by non-communicable diseases. Despite an abundance of literature suggesting that elders with medical conditions are more vulnerable to depression, disability, and cognitive impairment, these tend to go unnoticed and unaddressed. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of depression, disability, and cognitive impairment among elders with medical illnesses attending follow-up clinics in a tertiary care hospital in northern Sri Lanka. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 122 elders (≥60 years) attending medical clinics at Teaching Hospital Jaffna. Depression, disability, and cognitive impairment were assessed by the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, respectively. Student's T-Test, ANOVA, and correlation coefficient were used in analyzing data using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 25 (SPSS-v25) (IBM, New York, United States). RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 68.3 years (SD=5.70); 58 (47.5%) were males and 64 (52.5%) were females. Prevalence of depression was 44.3% (95% CI=35.5-53.1), while disability was 95.9% (95% CI=92.4-99.4) and cognitive impairment was 80.3% (95% CI=73.2-87.4). Depression was significantly associated with gender (p=0.013), marital status (p=0.019), and living arrangement (p<0.001). Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with education level (p=0.045), and disability was associated with education level (p=0.008) and marital status (p=0.027). Among the study participants, only 12 (9.8%) had previously sought professional help for depression, disability, or cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Depression, disability, and cognitive impairment are common among the elderly attending medical clinics in Teaching Hospital Jaffna, and are, in most cases, unaddressed.
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Social participation and depressive symptoms among older adults during the Covid-19 pandemic in Serbia: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2021; 44:8-14. [PMID: 34999368 PMCID: PMC8733672 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To determine the predictors and level of social participation and depressive symptoms within the context of isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic and investigate if the residence and type of housing had a moderating role in the relationship between social participation and depressive symptoms. Methods This cross-sectional, comparative, and correlational study was conducted on a sample of 299 participants. Research instruments used in this study included: socio-demographic questionnaire, the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Maastricht Social Participation Profile, and Mini-Mental State Exam. Results Social participation was found to contribute negatively to symptoms of depression (β = -0.245, p < .01), with a higher level of depression being found in older adults living in nursing homes (β = -0.152, p < .05). Conclusions The study confirmed a strong relationship between social participation and depressive symptoms in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Kumar A, Raj D, Gupta A, Kumar A. Screening of Depression in Elderly Population Using a Geriatric Depression Scale in the Field Practice Area of Urban Health Training Centre Attached to SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Cureus 2021; 13:e15859. [PMID: 34327085 PMCID: PMC8300592 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Depression is one of the most common illnesses worldwide, with more than 264 million people affected. Various studies in the elderly population have estimated the prevalence of depression across India, with results ranging from 6% to 62%. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of depression among the elderly population using a Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and to find out the association between various sociodemographic parameters and depression among elderly people. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of Urban Health Training Centre (UHTC), attached to Sawai Man Singh (SMS) Medical College, Jaipur from September 2019 to July 2020 among elderly people. Some 250 participants were interviewed. RESULTS Depression was present in 41.6% of the study participants. Age group, gender, marital status, educational qualification, type of family, financial dependence, socioeconomic status, and presence of morbidity were significantly associated with the presence of depression among study participants (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of depression in the urban elderly population was high (41.6%). By identifying risk factors for depression among the elderly population and screening them on time, we can reduce the severity and burden of the disease to a greater extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Community Medicine, Sawai Man Singh (SMS) Medical College, Jaipur, IND
| | - Dilip Raj
- Community Medicine, Sawai Man Singh (SMS) Medical College, Jaipur, IND
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Community Medicine, Sawai Man Singh (SMS) Medical College, Jaipur, IND
| | - Amit Kumar
- Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
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Mulat N, Gutema H, Wassie GT. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among elderly people in Womberma District, north-west, Ethiopia. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:136. [PMID: 33685419 PMCID: PMC7938572 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder that suffers many elderly people who are neglected, their problems are overlooked, and no efforts are made to mitigate their suffering. It is a mental health problem which is both underdiagnosed and under treated in primary care settings. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among elderly people in Womberma District, Ethiopia. METHODS A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 10/2020 - April 08/2020. From a 2269 study population, 959 study participants were selected by using computer-generated simple random sampling techniques from selected kebeles. Data were collected using Geriatric depression scale item 15 through face-to-face interviews. Then, entered into EpiData version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 23.0 for analyses. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify associated factors of depression. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was reported and statistical significance was declared at P-values < 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of depression among elderly people was 45% [95% CI: 41.7-48.5%]. Being female [AOR = 1.60, 95% CI [(1.15-2.23)], (age > =75 years [AOR = 7.95, 95% CI (4.98-12.68)], age 70-74 years [AOR = 5.52, 95% CI (3.52-8.66)], age 65-69 years [AOR = 2.39,95% CI (1.54-3.70)]; divorced [AOR = 2.53, 95% CI (1.59-4.03)], widowed [AOR = 2.65, 95% CI (1.61-4.34)]; poor social support [AOR = 3.32, 95% CI (1.77-6.23)] and presence of known chronic disease [AOR = 1.91, 95% CI (1.30-2.81)] were significantly associated factors with depression. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the prevalence of depression among elderly people was high compared with previous studies done in other parts of Ethiopia. Older age, being female, marital loss, presence of known chronic disease, and poor social support were contributing factors for depression among elders. Early screening and co-morbidity management of depression should be comprised in basic primary health care packages. And also, ensuring adequate social support by establishing the Geriatrics care center could play a crucial role to mitigate the suffering of the elders from marital loss provoked loneness and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebiyu Mulat
- Womberma District Health Office, Dembecha, Amhara Region Ethiopia
| | - Hordofa Gutema
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Health promotion and Behavioral sciences, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Tadesse Wassie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
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Amha H, Fente W, Sintayehu M, Tesfaye B, Yitayih M. Depression and associated factors among old age population in Dega damot district, North West Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2020.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Sahni B, Bala K, Kumar T, Narangyal A. Prevalence and determinants of geriatric depression in North India: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:2332-2336. [PMID: 32754497 PMCID: PMC7380778 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_357_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: “Aging India” has become a phenomenon of public health importance. Old age is beset with physical, mental, and social challenges. Among these, mental health concerns are least prioritized in most of the developing countries with depression being the most common and easy to screen. Aims: To assess the burden of geriatric depression and determine its association with sociodemographic factors such as religion, age, gender, education, marital status, and family type. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in July-August 2018 in village Kirpind in north India. Methodology: 162 subjects aged 60 years or more, both males and females participated in the study. Depression was assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale and those with a GDS score >=5 were categorized as depressed. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used for analysis. Results: Nearly 59.3% of subjects had no depression, 33.9% were suffering from mild to moderate depression whereas 6.8% were severely depressed. The mean age of subjects was 69 (±7.4) years. Chi-square test was used to study the association of various factors with depression and only female gender showed a positive statistical association. On using binary logistic regression analysis, being female again emerged to be a significant predictor of depression while no other factor was significantly associated with the outcome. Conclusions: There is a need to sensitize primary care workers and physicians to identify and manage geriatric depression early. It also points towards the need for multicentric, longitudinal studies evaluating various aspects of geriatric depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavna Sahni
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu City, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kiran Bala
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu City, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tejinder Kumar
- Directorate of Health Services, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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