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Klyosova E, Azarova I, Petrukhina I, Khabibulin R, Polonikov A. The rs2341471-G/G genotype of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) is the risk factor of type 2 diabetes in subjects with obesity or overweight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024. [DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
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2
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Alasady MJ, Koeva M, Takagishi SR, Segal D, Amici DR, Smith RS, Ansel DJ, Lindquist S, Whitesell L, Bartom ET, Taipale M, Mendillo ML. An HSF1-JMJD6-HSP feedback circuit promotes cell adaptation to proteotoxic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313370121. [PMID: 38985769 PMCID: PMC11260097 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313370121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) is best known as the master transcriptional regulator of the heat-shock response (HSR), a conserved adaptive mechanism critical for protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Combining a genome-wide RNAi library with an HSR reporter, we identified Jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) as an essential mediator of HSF1 activity. In follow-up studies, we found that JMJD6 is itself a noncanonical transcriptional target of HSF1 which acts as a critical regulator of proteostasis. In a positive feedback circuit, HSF1 binds and promotes JMJD6 expression, which in turn reduces heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) R469 monomethylation to disrupt HSP70-HSF1 repressive complexes resulting in enhanced HSF1 activation. Thus, JMJD6 is intricately wired into the proteostasis network where it plays a critical role in cellular adaptation to proteotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad J. Alasady
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Martina Koeva
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA02142
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02142
- HHMI, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Seesha R. Takagishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Dmitri Segal
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E1, Canada
| | - David R. Amici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Roger S. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Daniel J. Ansel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Susan Lindquist
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA02142
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02142
- HHMI, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA02142
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Elizabeth T. Bartom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Mikko Taipale
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Marc L. Mendillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
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3
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Hipp MS, Hartl FU. Interplay of Proteostasis Capacity and Protein Aggregation: Implications for Cellular Function and Disease. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168615. [PMID: 38759929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells are equipped with an intricate proteostasis network (PN), comprising nearly 3,000 components dedicated to preserving proteome integrity and sustaining protein homeostasis. This protective system is particularly important under conditions of external and intrinsic cell stress, where inherently dynamic proteins may unfold and lose functionality. A decline in proteostasis capacity is associated with the aging process, resulting in a reduced folding efficiency of newly synthesized proteins and a deficit in the cellular capacity to degrade misfolded proteins. A critical consequence of PN insufficiency is the accumulation of cytotoxic protein aggregates that underlie various age-related neurodegenerative conditions and other pathologies. By interfering with specific proteostasis components, toxic aggregates place an excessive burden on the PN's ability to maintain proteome integrity. This initiates a feed-forward loop, wherein the generation of misfolded and aggregated proteins ultimately leads to proteostasis collapse and cellular demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Hipp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan, 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands; Research School of Behavioural and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Toribio R, Navarro A, Castellano MM. HOP stabilizes the HSFA1a and plays a main role in the onset of thermomorphogenesis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39007522 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Living organisms have the capacity to respond to environmental stimuli, including warm conditions. Upon sensing mild temperature, plants launch a transcriptional response that promotes morphological changes, globally known as thermomorphogenesis. This response is orchestrated by different hormonal networks and by the activity of different transcription factors, including the heat shock factor A1 (HSFA1) family. Members of this family interact with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90); however, the effect of this binding on the regulation of HSFA1 activity or of the role of cochaperones, such as the HSP70-HSP90 organizing protein (HOP) on HSFA1 regulation, remains unknown. Here, we show that AtHOPs are involved in the folding and stabilization of the HSFA1a and are required for the onset of the transcriptional response associated to thermomorphogenesis. Our results demonstrate that the three members of the AtHOP family bind in vivo to the HSFA1a and that the expression of multiple HSFA1a-responsive-responsive genes is altered in the hop1 hop2 hop3 mutant under warm temperature. Interestingly, HSFA1a is accumulated at lower levels in the hop1 hop2 hop3 mutant, while control levels are recovered in the presence of the proteasome inhibitor MG132 or the synthetic chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). This uncovers the HSFA1a as a client of HOP complexes in plants and reveals the participation of HOPs in HSFA1a stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Toribio
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Navarro
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Mar Castellano
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Mayer MP. Hsf1 and Hsf2 in normal, healthy human tissues: Immunohistochemistry provokes new questions. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:437-439. [PMID: 38641046 PMCID: PMC11067330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The heat shock transcription factors heat shock transcription factor 1 and Hsf2 have been studied for many years, mainly in the context of stress response and in malignant cells. Their physiological function in nonmalignant human cells under nonstress conditions is still largely unknown. To approach this important issue, Joutsen et al. present immunohistochemical staining data on Hsf1 and Hsf2 in 80 nonpathological human tissue samples. The wealth of these data elicits many interesting questions that will spur many future research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias P Mayer
- Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Jha K, Kumar A, Bhatnagar K, Patra A, Bhavesh NS, Singh B, Chaudhary S. Modulation of Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) interaction with their binding partners in cancers through acetylation and phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195003. [PMID: 37992989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.195003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of transcription factors regulate transcriptional activity and play a key role in essentially all biological processes and generate indispensable insight towards biological function including activity state, subcellular localization, protein solubility, protein folding, substrate trafficking, and protein-protein interactions. Amino acids modified chemically via PTMs, function as molecular switches and affect the protein function and characterization and increase the proteome complexity. Krüppel-like transcription factors (KLFs) control essential cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration, programmed cell death and various cancer-relevant processes. We investigated the interactions of KLF group-2 members with their binding partners to assess the role of acetylation and phosphorylation in KLFs on their binding affinity. It was observed that acetylation and phosphorylation at different positions in KLFs have a variable effect on binding with specific partners. KLF2-EP300, KLF4-SP1, KLF6-ATF3, KLF6-JUN, and KLF7-JUN show stabilization upon acetylation or phosphorylation at variable positions. On the other hand, KLF4-CBP, KLF4-EP300, KLF5-CBP, KLF5-WWP1, KLF6-SP1, and KLF7-ATF3 show stabilization or destabilization due to acetylation or phosphorylation at variable positions in KLFs. This provides a molecular explanation of the experimentally observed dual role of KLF group-2 members as a suppressor or activator of cancers in a PTM-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanupriya Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Kartik Bhatnagar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Anupam Patra
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Neel Sarovar Bhavesh
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Bipin Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India; Centre for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Bahadurpally, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, Telangana 500043, India.
| | - Sarika Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
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Collins CB, Nguyen TT, Leddy RS, Alula KM, Yeckes AR, Strassheim D, Aherne CM, Luck ME, Karoor V, Jedlicka P, Pierce A, de Zoeten EF. Heat shock factor 1 drives regulatory T-cell induction to limit murine intestinal inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:94-110. [PMID: 37944754 PMCID: PMC10953693 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock response is a critical component of the inflammatory cascade that prevents misfolding of new proteins and regulates immune responses. Activation of clusters of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells causes an upregulation of heat shock transcription factor, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). We hypothesized that HSF1 promotes a pro-regulatory phenotype during inflammation. To validate this hypothesis, we interrogated cell-specific HSF1 knockout mice and HSF1 transgenic mice using in vitro and in vivo techniques. We determined that while HSF1 expression was induced by anti-CD3 stimulation alone, the combination of anti-CD3 and transforming growth factor β, a vital cytokine for regulatory T cell (Treg) development, resulted in increased activating phosphorylation of HSF1, leading to increased nuclear translocation and binding to heat shock response elements. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), we demonstrate the direct binding of HSF1 to foxp3 in isolated murine CD4+ T cells, which in turn coincided with induction of FoxP3 expression. We defined that conditional knockout of HSF1 decreased development and function of Tregs and overexpression of HSF1 led to increased expression of FoxP3 along with enhanced Treg suppressive function. Adoptive transfer of CD45RBHigh CD4 colitogenic T cells along with HSF1 transgenic CD25+ Tregs prevented intestinal inflammation when wild-type Tregs did not. Finally, overexpression of HSF1 provided enhanced barrier function and protection from murine ileitis. This study demonstrates that HSF1 promotes Treg development and function and may represent both a crucial step in the development of induced regulatory T cells and an exciting target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with a regulatory T-cell component. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The heat shock response (HSR) is a canonical stress response triggered by a multitude of stressors, including inflammation. Evidence supports the role of the HSR in regulating inflammation, yet there is a paucity of data on its influence in T cells specifically. Gut homeostasis reflects a balance between regulatory clusters of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells and pro-inflammatory T-helper (Th)17 cells. We show that upon activation within T cells, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) translocates to the nucleus, and stimulates Treg-specific gene expression. HSF1 deficiency hinders Treg development and function and conversely, HSF1 overexpression enhances Treg development and function. While this work, focuses on HSF1 as a novel therapeutic target for intestinal inflammation, the findings have significance for a broad range of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm B Collins
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tom T Nguyen
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert S Leddy
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kibrom M Alula
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alyson R Yeckes
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Derek Strassheim
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carol M Aherne
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marisa E Luck
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vijaya Karoor
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paul Jedlicka
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Edwin F de Zoeten
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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8
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Fei Y, Hu G, Xu J, Song S, Zhao Z, Lu L. Involvement of transcriptional co-activator p300 in upregulated expression of HSP70 by aquareovirus non-structural protein NS31. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:105077. [PMID: 37820759 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Members of Aquareovirus genus, including grass carp reovirus (GCRV), contribute to a serious threat to aquaculture animals accompanied by stress response. Our previous reports revealed that GCRV nonstructural protein NS31 serves as a potent contributor for virus selectively up-regulating specific heat shock protein 70-kd gene(HSP70),however,the mechanism by which inducing HSP70 gene expression is unknown. In this study, we further found that either the N- or C-terminal domain of GCRV NS31 is responsible for enhancing fish HSP70 promoter transcription, and recombinant NS31 protein purified from baculovirus expression system seems to not directly bind HSP70 basic promoter in vitro by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. However, the transcriptional co-activator p300 was identified as a potential interacting partner for NS31 by pull-down assay. Moreover, knock-down of p300 or addition of p300 inhibitor resulted in obviously reduced HSP70 expression by NS31 or GCRV infection suggesting that the well-characterized heat-shock-responsive HSF1/p300 transcriptional complex might involve in the induction of HSP70. These results collectively reveal this aquareovirus generates cell stress response through its nonstructural protein NS31 recruiting transcriptional co-activator p300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fei
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, PR China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guangyao Hu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiehua Xu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Siyang Song
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Gumilar KE, Chin Y, Ibrahim IH, Tjokroprawiro BA, Yang JY, Zhou M, Gassman NR, Tan M. Heat Shock Factor 1 Inhibition: A Novel Anti-Cancer Strategy with Promise for Precision Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5167. [PMID: 37958341 PMCID: PMC10649344 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a transcription factor crucial for regulating heat shock response (HSR), one of the significant cellular protective mechanisms. When cells are exposed to proteotoxic stress, HSF1 induces the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) to act as chaperones, correcting the protein-folding process and maintaining proteostasis. In addition to its role in HSR, HSF1 is overexpressed in multiple cancer cells, where its activation promotes malignancy and leads to poor prognosis. The mechanisms of HSF1-induced tumorigenesis are complex and involve diverse signaling pathways, dependent on cancer type. With its important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, targeting HSF1 offers a novel cancer treatment strategy. In this article, we examine the basic function of HSF1 and its regulatory mechanisms, focus on the mechanisms involved in HSF1's roles in different cancer types, and examine current HSF1 inhibitors as novel therapeutics to treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanisyah Erza Gumilar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan (Y.C.); (I.H.I.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia;
| | - Yeh Chin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan (Y.C.); (I.H.I.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Ibrahim Haruna Ibrahim
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan (Y.C.); (I.H.I.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Brahmana A. Tjokroprawiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia;
| | - Jer-Yen Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan (Y.C.); (I.H.I.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Natalie R. Gassman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Ming Tan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan (Y.C.); (I.H.I.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
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10
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Xiang W, Yang Y, Weng L, Ye Z, Ding P, Li H, Sun J, Zeng C. Hyperhomocysteinemia activates NLRP3 inflammasome to cause hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance via MDM2-mediated ubiquitination of HSF1. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110085. [PMID: 37018978 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance (IR). However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Recent studies have demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a vital role in NAFLD and IR. Our study aimed to explore whether NLRP3 inflammasome contributed to HHcy-induced NAFLD and IR as well as dissected the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-methionine diet (HMD) for 8 weeks to establish the HHcy mouse model. Compared with a chow diet, HMD induced hepatic steatosis (HS) and IR as well as activation of hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome. Moreover, HHcy-induced NAFLD and IR characterization disclosed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation occurred in liver tissue of HMD-fed mice, but was very marginal in either NLRP3-/- or Caspase-1-/- mice. Mechanistically, high levels of homocysteine (Hcy) up-regulated the expression of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), which directly ubiquitinates heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) and consequently activated hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo and in vitro. In addition, in vitro experiments showed P300-mediated HSF1 acetylation at K298 hindered MDM2-mediated ubiquitination of HSF1 at K372, which plays important role in determining the HSF1 level. Importantly, either inhibition of MDM2 by JNJ-165 or activation of HSF1 by HSF1A reversed HMD-induced hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome, and consequently alleviated HS and IR in mice. This study demonstrates that NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to HHcy-induced NAFLD and IR, and further identified that HSF1 as a new substrate of MDM2 and its decrease on MDM2-mediated ubiquitination at K372 modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These findings may provide novel therapeutic strategies aimed at halting HS or IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Liangkun Weng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Ding
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huayu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510699, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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11
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Regulation of germline proteostasis by HSF1 and insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:501-512. [PMID: 36892215 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for cellular function and organismal health and requires the concerted actions of protein synthesis, folding, transport, and turnover. In sexually reproducing organisms, the immortal germline lineage passes genetic information across generations. Accumulating evidence indicates the importance of proteome integrity for germ cells as genome stability. As gametogenesis involves very active protein synthesis and is highly energy-demanding, it has unique requirements for proteostasis regulation and is sensitive to stress and nutrient availability. The heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a key transcriptional regulator of cellular response to cytosolic and nuclear protein misfolding has evolutionarily conserved roles in germline development. Similarly, insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling, a major nutrient-sensing pathway, impacts many aspects of gametogenesis. Here, we focus on HSF1 and IIS to review insights into their roles in germline proteostasis and discuss the implications on gamete quality control during stress and aging.
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12
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Saha I, Yuste-Checa P, Da Silva Padilha M, Guo Q, Körner R, Holthusen H, Trinkaus VA, Dudanova I, Fernández-Busnadiego R, Baumeister W, Sanders DW, Gautam S, Diamond MI, Hartl FU, Hipp MS. The AAA+ chaperone VCP disaggregates Tau fibrils and generates aggregate seeds in a cellular system. Nat Commun 2023; 14:560. [PMID: 36732333 PMCID: PMC9894937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-like aggregates of the microtubule-associated protein Tau are associated with several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. The existence of cellular machinery for the removal of such aggregates has remained unclear, as specialized disaggregase chaperones are thought to be absent in mammalian cells. Here we show in cell culture and in neurons that the hexameric ATPase valosin-containing protein (VCP) is recruited to ubiquitylated Tau fibrils, resulting in their efficient disaggregation. Aggregate clearance depends on the functional cooperation of VCP with heat shock 70 kDa protein (Hsp70) and the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery. While inhibition of VCP activity stabilizes large Tau aggregates, disaggregation by VCP generates seeding-active Tau species as byproduct. These findings identify VCP as a core component of the machinery for the removal of neurodegenerative disease aggregates and suggest that its activity can be associated with enhanced aggregate spreading in tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itika Saha
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Yuste-Checa
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Miguel Da Silva Padilha
- Molecular Neurodegeneration Group, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecules - Signaling - Development, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Roman Körner
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hauke Holthusen
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Victoria A Trinkaus
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Dudanova
- Molecular Neurodegeneration Group, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecules - Signaling - Development, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.,Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - David W Sanders
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, TX, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Saurabh Gautam
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, 55216, Ingelheim, Germany.,ViraTherapeutics GmbH, 6063, Rum, Austria
| | - Marc I Diamond
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, TX, USA
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany. .,Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Mark S Hipp
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. .,School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan, 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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13
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HSP70 mediates a crosstalk between the estrogen and the heat shock response pathways. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102872. [PMID: 36610605 PMCID: PMC9926311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to multiple signals from the environment simultaneously, which often creates crosstalk between pathways affecting the capacity to adapt to the changing environment. Chaperones are an important component in the cellular integration of multiple responses to environmental signals, often implicated in negative feedback and inactivation mechanisms. These mechanisms include the stabilization of steroid hormone nuclear receptors in the cytoplasm in the absence of their ligand. Here, we show using immunofluorescence, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and nascent transcripts production that the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) chaperone plays a central role in a new crosstalk mechanism between the steroid and heat shock response pathways. HSP70-dependent feedback mechanisms are required to inactivate the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) after activation. Interestingly, a steroid stimulation leads to faster accumulation of HSF1 in inactive foci following heat shock. Our results further show that in the presence of estrogen, HSP70 accumulates at HSF1-regulated noncoding regions, leading to deactivation of HSF1 and the abrogation of the heat shock transcriptional response. Using an HSP70 inhibitor, we demonstrate that the crosstalk between both pathways is dependent on the chaperone activity. These results suggest that HSP70 availability is a key determinant in the transcriptional integration of multiple external signals. Overall, these results offer a better understanding of the crosstalk between the heat shock and steroid responses, which are salient in neurodegenerative disorders and cancers.
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14
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Kim H, Gomez-Pastor R. HSF1 and Its Role in Huntington's Disease Pathology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1410:35-95. [PMID: 36396925 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the master transcriptional regulator of the heat shock response (HSR) in mammalian cells and is a critical element in maintaining protein homeostasis. HSF1 functions at the center of many physiological processes like embryogenesis, metabolism, immune response, aging, cancer, and neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms that allow HSF1 to control these different biological and pathophysiological processes are not fully understood. This review focuses on Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by severe protein aggregation of the huntingtin (HTT) protein. The aggregation of HTT, in turn, leads to a halt in the function of HSF1. Understanding the pathways that regulate HSF1 in different contexts like HD may hold the key to understanding the pathomechanisms underlying other proteinopathies. We provide the most current information on HSF1 structure, function, and regulation, emphasizing HD, and discussing its potential as a biological target for therapy. DATA SOURCES We performed PubMed search to find established and recent reports in HSF1, heat shock proteins (Hsp), HD, Hsp inhibitors, HSF1 activators, and HSF1 in aging, inflammation, cancer, brain development, mitochondria, synaptic plasticity, polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, and HD. STUDY SELECTIONS Research and review articles that described the mechanisms of action of HSF1 were selected based on terms used in PubMed search. RESULTS HSF1 plays a crucial role in the progression of HD and other protein-misfolding related neurodegenerative diseases. Different animal models of HD, as well as postmortem brains of patients with HD, reveal a connection between the levels of HSF1 and HSF1 dysfunction to mutant HTT (mHTT)-induced toxicity and protein aggregation, dysregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disruption of the structural and functional integrity of synaptic connections, which eventually leads to neuronal loss. These features are shared with other neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Currently, several inhibitors against negative regulators of HSF1, as well as HSF1 activators, are developed and hold promise to prevent neurodegeneration in HD and other NDs. CONCLUSION Understanding the role of HSF1 during protein aggregation and neurodegeneration in HD may help to develop therapeutic strategies that could be effective across different NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuck Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rocio Gomez-Pastor
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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15
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Roos-Mattjus P, Sistonen L. Interplay between mammalian heat shock factors 1 and 2 in physiology and pathology. FEBS J 2022; 289:7710-7725. [PMID: 34478606 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The heat-shock factors (HSFs) belong to an evolutionary conserved family of transcription factors that were discovered already over 30 years ago. The HSFs have been shown to a have a broad repertoire of target genes, and they also have crucial functions during normal development. Importantly, HSFs have been linked to several disease states, such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, highlighting their importance in physiology and pathology. However, it is still unclear how HSFs are regulated and how they choose their specific target genes under different conditions. Posttranslational modifications and interplay among the HSF family members have been shown to be key regulatory mechanisms for these transcription factors. In this review, we focus on the mammalian HSF1 and HSF2, including their interplay, and provide an updated overview of the advances in understanding how HSFs are regulated and how they function in multiple processes of development, aging, and disease. We also discuss HSFs as therapeutic targets, especially the recently reported HSF1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Roos-Mattjus
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Lea Sistonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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16
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Kovács D, Kovács M, Ahmed S, Barna J. Functional diversification of heat shock factors. Biol Futur 2022; 73:427-439. [PMID: 36402935 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-022-00138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are widely known as master regulators of the heat shock response. In invertebrates, a single heat shock factor, HSF1, is responsible for the maintenance of protein homeostasis. In vertebrates, seven members of the HSF family have been identified, namely HSF1, HSF2, HSF3, HSF4, HSF5, HSFX, and HSFY, of which HSF1 and HSF2 are clearly associated with heat shock response, while HSF4 is involved in development. Other members of the family have not yet been studied as extensively. Besides their role in cellular proteostasis, HSFs influence a plethora of biological processes such as aging, development, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation, and they are implicated in several pathologies such as neurodegeneration and cancer. This is achieved by regulating the expression of a great variety of genes including chaperones. Here, we review our current knowledge on the function of HSF family members and important aspects that made possible the functional diversification of HSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Kovács
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Márton Kovács
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Saqib Ahmed
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - János Barna
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary. .,ELKH-ELTE Genetics Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
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17
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The Thermal Stress Coping Network of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314907. [PMID: 36499234 PMCID: PMC9737000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Response to hyperthermia, highly conserved from bacteria to humans, involves transcriptional upregulation of genes involved in battling the cytotoxicity caused by misfolded and denatured proteins, with the aim of proteostasis restoration. C. elegans senses and responds to changes in growth temperature or noxious thermal stress by well-defined signaling pathways. Under adverse conditions, regulation of the heat shock response (HSR) in C. elegans is controlled by a single transcription factor, heat-shock factor 1 (HSF-1). HSR and HSF-1 in particular are proven to be central to survival under proteotoxic stress, with additional roles in normal physiological processes. For years, it was a common belief that upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) by HSF-1 was the main and most important step toward thermotolerance. However, an ever-growing number of studies have shown that targets of HSF-1 involved in cytoskeletal and exoskeletal integrity preservation as well as other HSF-1 dependent and independent pathways are equally important. In this review, we follow the thermal stimulus from reception by the nematode nerve endings till the activation of cellular response programs. We analyze the different HSF-1 functions in HSR as well as all the recently discovered mechanisms that add to the knowledge of the heat stress coping network of C. elegans.
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18
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de Thonel A, Ahlskog JK, Daupin K, Dubreuil V, Berthelet J, Chaput C, Pires G, Leonetti C, Abane R, Barris LC, Leray I, Aalto AL, Naceri S, Cordonnier M, Benasolo C, Sanial M, Duchateau A, Vihervaara A, Puustinen MC, Miozzo F, Fergelot P, Lebigot É, Verloes A, Gressens P, Lacombe D, Gobbo J, Garrido C, Westerheide SD, David L, Petitjean M, Taboureau O, Rodrigues-Lima F, Passemard S, Sabéran-Djoneidi D, Nguyen L, Lancaster M, Sistonen L, Mezger V. CBP-HSF2 structural and functional interplay in Rubinstein-Taybi neurodevelopmental disorder. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7002. [PMID: 36385105 PMCID: PMC9668993 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients carrying autosomal dominant mutations in the histone/lysine acetyl transferases CBP or EP300 develop a neurodevelopmental disorder: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS). The biological pathways underlying these neurodevelopmental defects remain elusive. Here, we unravel the contribution of a stress-responsive pathway to RSTS. We characterize the structural and functional interaction between CBP/EP300 and heat-shock factor 2 (HSF2), a tuner of brain cortical development and major player in prenatal stress responses in the neocortex: CBP/EP300 acetylates HSF2, leading to the stabilization of the HSF2 protein. Consequently, RSTS patient-derived primary cells show decreased levels of HSF2 and HSF2-dependent alteration in their repertoire of molecular chaperones and stress response. Moreover, we unravel a CBP/EP300-HSF2-N-cadherin cascade that is also active in neurodevelopmental contexts, and show that its deregulation disturbs neuroepithelial integrity in 2D and 3D organoid models of cerebral development, generated from RSTS patient-derived iPSC cells, providing a molecular reading key for this complex pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie de Thonel
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France.
| | - Johanna K Ahlskog
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Kevin Daupin
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Dubreuil
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Berthelet
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Carole Chaput
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
- Ksilink, Strasbourg, France
| | - Geoffrey Pires
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Camille Leonetti
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Ryma Abane
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Lluís Cordón Barris
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Leray
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Anna L Aalto
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Sarah Naceri
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Marine Cordonnier
- INSERM, UMR1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Département d'Oncologie médicale, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Carène Benasolo
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Sanial
- CNRS, UMR 7592 Institut Jacques Monod, F-75205, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Duchateau
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Anniina Vihervaara
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael C Puustinen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Federico Miozzo
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France
- Neuroscience Institute-CNR (IN-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Patricia Fergelot
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France and INSERM U1211, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Élise Lebigot
- Service de Biochimie-pharmaco-toxicologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris-Sud, France
| | - Alain Verloes
- Université de Paris, INSERM, NeuroDiderot, Robert-Debré Hospital, F-75019, Paris, France
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Université de Paris, INSERM, NeuroDiderot, Robert-Debré Hospital, F-75019, Paris, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France and INSERM U1211, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jessica Gobbo
- INSERM, UMR1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Département d'Oncologie médicale, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM, UMR1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Département d'Oncologie médicale, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Sandy D Westerheide
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Laurent David
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Petitjean
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Taboureau
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | | | - Sandrine Passemard
- Université de Paris, INSERM, NeuroDiderot, Robert-Debré Hospital, F-75019, Paris, France
| | | | - Laurent Nguyen
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Madeline Lancaster
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical, Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lea Sistonen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Valérie Mezger
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, F-75013, Paris, France.
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19
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Lazaro-Pena MI, Ward ZC, Yang S, Strohm A, Merrill AK, Soto CA, Samuelson AV. HSF-1: Guardian of the Proteome Through Integration of Longevity Signals to the Proteostatic Network. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:861686. [PMID: 35874276 PMCID: PMC9304931 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.861686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Discoveries made in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans revealed that aging is under genetic control. Since these transformative initial studies, C. elegans has become a premier model system for aging research. Critically, the genes, pathways, and processes that have fundamental roles in organismal aging are deeply conserved throughout evolution. This conservation has led to a wealth of knowledge regarding both the processes that influence aging and the identification of molecular and cellular hallmarks that play a causative role in the physiological decline of organisms. One key feature of age-associated decline is the failure of mechanisms that maintain proper function of the proteome (proteostasis). Here we highlight components of the proteostatic network that act to maintain the proteome and how this network integrates into major longevity signaling pathways. We focus in depth on the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), the central regulator of gene expression for proteins that maintain the cytosolic and nuclear proteomes, and a key effector of longevity signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Lazaro-Pena
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Zachary C. Ward
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sifan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra Strohm
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alyssa K. Merrill
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Celia A. Soto
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Cell Biology of Disease Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Andrew V. Samuelson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Andrew V. Samuelson,
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20
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Reyes A, Navarro AJ, Diethelm-Varela B, Kalergis AM, González PA. Is there a role for HSF1 in viral infections? FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1112-1124. [PMID: 35485710 PMCID: PMC9157408 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells undergo numerous processes to adapt to new challenging conditions and stressors. Heat stress is regulated by a family of heat shock factors (HSFs) that initiate a heat shock response by upregulating the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) intended to counteract cellular damage elicited by increased environmental temperature. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is known as the master regulator of the heat shock response and upon its activation induces the transcription of genes that encode for molecular chaperones, such as HSP40, HSP70, and HSP90. Importantly, an accumulating body of studies relates HSF1 with viral infections; the induction of fever during viral infection may activate HSF1 and trigger a consequent heat shock response. Here, we review the role of HSF1 in different viral infections and its impact on the health outcome for the host. Studying the relationship between HSF1 and viruses could open new potential therapeutic strategies given the availability of drugs that regulate the activation of this transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reyes
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Areli J Navarro
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Benjamín Diethelm-Varela
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Pontificia, Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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21
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Barrett LN, Westerheide SD. The CBP-1/p300 Lysine Acetyltransferase Regulates the Heat Shock Response in C. elegans. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:861761. [PMID: 35821825 PMCID: PMC9261439 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.861761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The decline of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging that is, in part, affected by the dysregulation of the heat shock response (HSR), a highly conserved cellular response to proteotoxic stress in the cell. The heat shock transcription factor HSF-1 is well-studied as a key regulator of proteostasis, but mechanisms that could be used to modulate HSF-1 function to enhance proteostasis during aging are largely unknown. In this study, we examined lysine acetyltransferase regulation of the HSR and HSF-1 in C. elegans. We performed an RNA interference screen of lysine acetyltransferases and examined mRNA expression of the heat-shock inducible gene hsp-16.2, a widely used marker for HSR activation. From this screen, we identified one acetyltransferase, CBP-1, the C. elegans homolog of mammalian CREB-binding protein CBP/p300, as a negative regulator of the HSR. We found that while knockdown of CBP-1 decreases the overall lifespan of the worm, it also enhances heat shock protein production upon heat shock and increases thermotolerance of the worm in an HSF-1 dependent manner. Similarly, we examined a hallmark of HSF-1 activation, the formation of nuclear stress bodies (nSBs). In analyzing the recovery rate of nSBs, we found that knockdown of CBP-1 enhanced the recovery and resolution of nSBs after stress. Collectively, our studies demonstrate a role of CBP-1 as a negative regulator of HSF-1 activity and its physiological effects at the organismal level upon stress.
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22
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Xu J, Su Z, Cheng X, Hu S, Wang W, Zou T, Zhou X, Song Z, Xia Y, Gao Y, Zheng Q. High PPT1 expression predicts poor clinical outcome and PPT1 inhibitor DC661 enhances sorafenib sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:115. [PMID: 35277179 PMCID: PMC8917761 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Adaptive resistance and side effects of sorafenib treatment result in unsatisfied survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) plays a critical role in progression of various cancers. However, its role on prognosis and immune infiltrates in HCC remains unclarified.
Methods
By data mining in the Cancer Genome Atlas databases, the role of PPT1 in HCC were initially investigated. Furthermore, HCC cell lines Hep 3B and Hep 1-6 were treated with DC661 or siRNA against PPT1. The biological function of PPT1 was determined by CCK-8 test, colony formation assay, TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence staining, Western blot test, and PI-Annexin V apoptosis assays in vitro. Animal models of subcutaneous injection were applied to investigate the therapeutic role of targeting PPT1.
Results
We found that PPT1 levels were significantly upregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal tissues and were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis further confirmed that high expression of PPT1 was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival of HCC patients. We initially found that PPT1 was significantly upregulated in sorafenib-resistant cell lines established in this study. Upon sorafenib treatment, HCC cells acquired adaptive resistance by inducing autophagy. We found that DC661, a selective and potent small-molecule PPT1-inhibitor, induced lysosomal membrane permeability, caused lysosomal deacidification, inhibited autophagy and enhanced sorafenib sensitivity in HCC cells. Interestingly, this sensitization effect was also mediated by the induction mitochondrial pathway apoptosis. In addition, the expression level of PPT1 was associated with the immune infiltration in the HCC tumor microenvironment, and PPT1 inhibitor DC661 significantly enhanced the anti-tumor immune response by promoting dendritic cell maturation and further promoting CD8+ T cell activation. Moreover, DC661 combined with sorafenib was also very effective at treating tumor models in immunized mice.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that targeting PPT1 with DC661 in combination with sorafenib might be a novel and effective alternative therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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23
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Reversible phase separation of HSF1 is required for an acute transcriptional response during heat shock. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:340-352. [DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Cyran AM, Zhitkovich A. Heat Shock Proteins and HSF1 in Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:860320. [PMID: 35311075 PMCID: PMC8924369 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.860320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fitness of cells is dependent on protein homeostasis which is maintained by cooperative activities of protein chaperones and proteolytic machinery. Upon encountering protein-damaging conditions, cells activate the heat-shock response (HSR) which involves HSF1-mediated transcriptional upregulation of a group of chaperones - the heat shock proteins (HSPs). Cancer cells experience high levels of proteotoxic stress due to the production of mutated proteins, aneuploidy-induced excess of components of multiprotein complexes, increased translation rates, and dysregulated metabolism. To cope with this chronic state of proteotoxic stress, cancers almost invariably upregulate major components of HSR, including HSF1 and individual HSPs. Some oncogenic programs show dependence or coupling with a particular HSR factor (such as frequent coamplification of HSF1 and MYC genes). Elevated levels of HSPs and HSF1 are typically associated with drug resistance and poor clinical outcomes in various malignancies. The non-oncogene dependence ("addiction") on protein quality controls represents a pancancer target in treating human malignancies, offering a potential to enhance efficacy of standard and targeted chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In cancers with specific dependencies, HSR components can serve as alternative targets to poorly druggable oncogenic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anatoly Zhitkovich
- Legoretta Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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25
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Lu WC, Omari R, Ray H, Wang J, Williams I, Jacobs C, Hockaden N, Bochman ML, Carpenter RL. AKT1 mediates multiple phosphorylation events that functionally promote HSF1 activation. FEBS J 2022; 289:3876-3893. [PMID: 35080342 PMCID: PMC9309721 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The heat stress response activates the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), which subsequently upregulates heat shock proteins to maintain the integrity of the proteome. HSF1 activation requires nuclear localization, trimerization, DNA binding, phosphorylation and gene transactivation. Phosphorylation at S326 is an important regulator of HSF1 transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation at S326 is mediated by AKT1, mTOR, p38, MEK1 and DYRK2. Here, we observed activation of HSF1 by AKT1 independently of mTOR. AKT2 also phosphorylated S326 of HSF1 but showed weak ability to activate HSF1. Similarly, mTOR, p38, MEK1 and DYRK2 all phosphorylated S326 but AKT1 was the most potent activator. Mass spectrometry showed that AKT1 also phosphorylated HSF1 at T142, S230 and T527 in addition to S326, whereas the other kinases did not. Subsequent investigation revealed that phosphorylation at T142 is necessary for HSF1 trimerization and that S230, S326 and T527 are required for HSF1 gene transactivation and recruitment of TFIIB and CDK9. Interestingly, T527 as a phosphorylated residue has not been previously shown and sits in the transactivation domain, further implying a role for this site in HSF1 gene transactivation. This study suggests that HSF1 hyperphosphorylation is targeted and these specific residues have direct function in regulating HSF1 transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Lu
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Ramsey Omari
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Haimanti Ray
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - John Wang
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Imade Williams
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Curteisha Jacobs
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Natasha Hockaden
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Matthew L Bochman
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.,Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | - Richard L Carpenter
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.,Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
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26
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Kurop MK, Huyen CM, Kelly JH, Blagg BSJ. The heat shock response and small molecule regulators. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113846. [PMID: 34563965 PMCID: PMC8608735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a highly conserved cellular pathway that is responsible for stress relief and the refolding of denatured proteins [1]. When a host cell is exposed to conditions such as heat shock, ischemia, or toxic substances, heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1), a transcription factor, activates the genes that encode for the heat shock proteins (Hsps), which are a family of proteins that work alongside other chaperones to relieve stress and refold proteins that have been denatured (Burdon, 1986) [2]. Along with the refolding of denatured proteins, Hsps facilitate the removal of misfolded proteins by escorting them to degradation pathways, thereby preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins [3]. Research has indicated that many pathological conditions, such as diabetes, cancer, neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, and aging have a negative impact on HSR function and are commonly associated with misfolded protein aggregation [4,5]. Studies indicate an interplay between mitochondrial homeostasis and HSF-1 levels can impact stress resistance, proteostasis, and malignant cell growth, which further support the role of Hsps in pathological and metabolic functions [6]. On the other hand, Hsp activation by specific small molecules can induce the heat shock response, which can afford neuroprotection and other benefits [7]. This review will focus on the modulation of Hsps and the HSR as therapeutic options to treat these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret K Kurop
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Cormac M Huyen
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - John H Kelly
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
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27
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Kmiecik SW, Mayer MP. Molecular mechanisms of heat shock factor 1 regulation. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 47:218-234. [PMID: 34810080 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To thrive and to fulfill their functions, cells need to maintain proteome homeostasis even in the face of adverse environmental conditions or radical restructuring of the proteome during differentiation. At the center of the regulation of proteome homeostasis is an ancient transcriptional mechanism, the so-called heat shock response (HSR), orchestrated in all eukaryotic cells by heat shock transcription factor 1 (Hsf1). As Hsf1 is implicated in aging and several pathologies like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, understanding the regulation of Hsf1 could open novel therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we discuss the regulation of Hsf1's transcriptional activity by multiple layers of control circuits involving Hsf1 synthesis and degradation, conformational rearrangements and post-translational modifications (PTMs), and molecular chaperones in negative feedback loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon W Kmiecik
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias P Mayer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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28
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Zhang B, Fan Y, Cao P, Tan K. Multifaceted roles of HSF1 in cell death: A state-of-the-art review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188591. [PMID: 34273469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a common and active process that is involved in various biological processes, including organ development, morphogenesis, maintaining tissue homeostasis and eliminating potentially harmful cells. Abnormal regulation of cell death significantly contributes to tumor development, progression and chemoresistance. The mechanisms of cell death are complex and involve not only apoptosis and necrosis but also their cross-talk with other types of cell death, such as autophagy and the newly identified ferroptosis. Cancer cells are chronically exposed to various stresses, such as lack of oxygen and nutrients, immune responses, dysregulated metabolism and genomic instability, all of which lead to activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). In response to heat shock, oxidative stress and proteotoxic stresses, HSF1 upregulates transcription of heat shock proteins (HSPs), which act as molecular chaperones to protect normal cells from stresses and various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that HSF1 regulates multiple types of cell death through different signaling pathways as well as expression of distinct target genes in cancer cells. Here, we review the current understanding of the potential roles and molecular mechanism of HSF1 in regulating apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis. Deciphering HSF1-regulated signaling pathways and target genes may help in the development of new targeted anti-cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
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29
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Alford BD, Tassoni-Tsuchida E, Khan D, Work JJ, Valiant G, Brandman O. ReporterSeq reveals genome-wide dynamic modulators of the heat shock response across diverse stressors. eLife 2021; 10:57376. [PMID: 34223816 PMCID: PMC8257254 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding cellular stress response pathways is challenging because of the complexity of regulatory mechanisms and response dynamics, which can vary with both time and the type of stress. We developed a reverse genetic method called ReporterSeq to comprehensively identify genes regulating a stress-induced transcription factor under multiple conditions in a time-resolved manner. ReporterSeq links RNA-encoded barcode levels to pathway-specific output under genetic perturbations, allowing pooled pathway activity measurements via DNA sequencing alone and without cell enrichment or single-cell isolation. We used ReporterSeq to identify regulators of the heat shock response (HSR), a conserved, poorly understood transcriptional program that protects cells from proteotoxicity and is misregulated in disease. Genome-wide HSR regulation in budding yeast was assessed across 15 stress conditions, uncovering novel stress-specific, time-specific, and constitutive regulators. ReporterSeq can assess the genetic regulators of any transcriptional pathway with the scale of pooled genetic screens and the precision of pathway-specific readouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Alford
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Eduardo Tassoni-Tsuchida
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Danish Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Jeremy J Work
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Gregory Valiant
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Onn Brandman
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
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30
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Augmentation of the heat shock axis during exceptional longevity in Ames dwarf mice. GeroScience 2021; 43:1921-1934. [PMID: 33846884 PMCID: PMC8492860 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00362-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
How the heat shock axis, repair pathways, and proteostasis impact the rate of aging is not fully understood. Recent reports indicate that normal aging leads to a 50% change in several regulatory elements of the heat shock axis. Most notably is the age-dependent enhancement of inhibitory signals associated with accumulated heat shock proteins and hyper-acetylation associated with marked attenuation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)–DNA binding activity. Because exceptional longevity is associated with increased resistance to stress, this study evaluated regulatory check points of the heat shock axis in liver extracts from 12 months and 24 months long-lived Ames dwarf mice and compared these findings with aging wild-type mice. This analysis showed that 12M dwarf and wild-type mice have comparable stress responses, whereas old dwarf mice, unlike old wild-type mice, preserve and enhance activating elements of the heat shock axis. Old dwarf mice thwart negative regulation of the heat shock axis typically observed in usual aging such as noted in HSF1 phosphorylation at Ser307 residue, acetylation within its DNA binding domain, and reduction in proteins that attenuate HSF1–DNA binding. Unlike usual aging, dwarf HSF1 protein and mRNA levels increase with age and further enhance by stress. Together these observations suggest that exceptional longevity is associated with compensatory and enhanced HSF1 regulation as an adaptation to age-dependent forces that otherwise downregulate the heat shock axis.
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31
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Lallier M, Marchandet L, Moukengue B, Charrier C, Baud’huin M, Verrecchia F, Ory B, Lamoureux F. Molecular Chaperones in Osteosarcoma: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Issues. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040754. [PMID: 33808130 PMCID: PMC8067202 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common form of primary bone tumor affecting mainly children and young adults. Despite therapeutic progress, the 5-year survival rate is 70%, but it drops drastically to 30% for poor responders to therapies or for patients with metastases. Identifying new therapeutic targets is thus essential. Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are the main effectors of Heat Shock Response (HSR), the expression of which is induced by stressors. HSPs are a large family of proteins involved in the folding and maturation of other proteins in order to maintain proteostasis. HSP overexpression is observed in many cancers, including breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, and ovarian, as well as OS. In this article we reviewed the significant role played by HSPs in molecular mechanisms leading to OS development and progression. HSPs are directly involved in OS cell proliferation, apoptosis inhibition, migration, and drug resistance. We focused on HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 and summarized their potential clinical uses in OS as either biomarkers for diagnosis or therapeutic targets. Finally, based on different types of cancer, we consider the advantage of targeting heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), the major transcriptional regulator of HSPs in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Lallier
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Louise Marchandet
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Brice Moukengue
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Celine Charrier
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Marc Baud’huin
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
- CHU Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Benjamin Ory
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - François Lamoureux
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
- Correspondence:
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32
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Santopolo S, Riccio A, Rossi A, Santoro MG. The proteostasis guardian HSF1 directs the transcription of its paralog and interactor HSF2 during proteasome dysfunction. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:1113-1129. [PMID: 32607595 PMCID: PMC11071745 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03568-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is essential for life in eukaryotes. Organisms respond to proteotoxic stress by activating heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), which play important roles in cytoprotection, longevity and development. Of six human HSFs, HSF1 acts as a proteostasis guardian regulating stress-induced transcriptional responses, whereas HSF2 has a critical role in development, in particular of brain and reproductive organs. Unlike HSF1, that is a stable protein constitutively expressed, HSF2 is a labile protein and its expression varies in different tissues; however, the mechanisms regulating HSF2 expression remain poorly understood. Herein we demonstrate that the proteasome inhibitor anticancer drug bortezomib (Velcade), at clinically relevant concentrations, triggers de novo HSF2 mRNA transcription in different types of cancers via HSF1 activation. Similar results were obtained with next-generation proteasome inhibitors ixazomib and carfilzomib, indicating that induction of HSF2 expression is a general response to proteasome dysfunction. HSF2-promoter analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and chromatin immunoprecipitation studies unexpectedly revealed that HSF1 is recruited to a heat shock element located at 1.397 bp upstream from the transcription start site in the HSF2-promoter. More importantly, we found that HSF1 is critical for HSF2 gene transcription during proteasome dysfunction, representing an interesting example of transcription factor involved in controlling the expression of members of the same family. Moreover, bortezomib-induced HSF2 was found to localize in the nucleus, interact with HSF1, and participate in bortezomib-mediated control of cancer cell migration. The results shed light on HSF2-expression regulation, revealing a novel level of HSF1/HSF2 interplay that may lead to advances in pharmacological modulation of these fundamental transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Santopolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Riccio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - M Gabriella Santoro
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy.
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy.
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Kmiecik SW, Drzewicka K, Melchior F, Mayer MP. Heat shock transcription factor 1 is SUMOylated in the activated trimeric state. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100324. [PMID: 33493517 PMCID: PMC7949154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response is a transcriptional program of organisms to counteract an imbalance in protein homeostasis. It is orchestrated in all eukaryotic cells by heat shock transcription factor 1 (Hsf1). Despite very intensive research, the intricacies of the Hsf1 activation-attenuation cycle remain elusive at a molecular level. Post-translational modifications belong to one of the key mechanisms proposed to adapt the Hsf1 activity to the needs of individual cells, and phosphorylation of Hsf1 at multiple sites has attracted much attention. According to cell biological and proteomics data, Hsf1 is also modified by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) at several sites. How SUMOylation affects Hsf1 activity at a molecular level is still unclear. Here, we analyzed Hsf1 SUMOylation in vitro with purified components to address questions that could not be answered in cell culture models. In vitro Hsf1 is primarily conjugated at lysine 298 with a single SUMO, though we did detect low-level SUMOylation at other sites. Different SUMO E3 ligases such as protein inhibitor of activated STAT 4 enhanced the efficiency of in vitro modification but did not alter SUMO site preferences. We provide evidence that Hsf1 trimerization and phosphorylation at serines 303 and 307 increases SUMOylation efficiency, suggesting that Hsf1 is SUMOylated in its activated state. Hsf1 can be SUMOylated when DNA bound, and SUMOylation of Hsf1 does neither alter DNA-binding affinity nor affects heat shock cognate 71kDa protein (HSPA8)+DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1-mediated monomerization of Hsf1 trimers and concomitant dislocation from DNA. We propose that SUMOylation acts at the transcription level of the heat shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon W Kmiecik
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Drzewicka
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frauke Melchior
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias P Mayer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Dong B, Jaeger AM, Hughes PF, Loiselle DR, Hauck JS, Fu Y, Haystead TA, Huang J, Thiele DJ. Targeting therapy-resistant prostate cancer via a direct inhibitor of the human heat shock transcription factor 1. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eabb5647. [PMID: 33328331 PMCID: PMC10571035 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb5647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a cellular stress-protective transcription factor exploited by a wide range of cancers to drive proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis. Nuclear HSF1 abundance is a prognostic indicator for cancer severity, therapy resistance, and shortened patient survival. The HSF1 gene was amplified, and nuclear HSF1 abundance was markedly increased in prostate cancers and particularly in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), for which there are no available treatment options. Despite genetic validation of HSF1 as a therapeutic target in a range of cancers, a direct and selective small-molecule HSF1 inhibitor has not been validated or developed for use in the clinic. We described the identification of a direct HSF1 inhibitor, Direct Targeted HSF1 InhiBitor (DTHIB), which physically engages HSF1 and selectively stimulates degradation of nuclear HSF1. DTHIB robustly inhibited the HSF1 cancer gene signature and prostate cancer cell proliferation. In addition, it potently attenuated tumor progression in four therapy-resistant prostate cancer animal models, including an NEPC model, where it caused profound tumor regression. This study reports the identification and validation of a direct HSF1 inhibitor and provides a path for the development of a small-molecule HSF1-targeted therapy for prostate cancers and other therapy-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushu Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alex M Jaeger
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Philip F Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David R Loiselle
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - J Spencer Hauck
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Timothy A Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dennis J Thiele
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Klaips CL, Gropp MHM, Hipp MS, Hartl FU. Sis1 potentiates the stress response to protein aggregation and elevated temperature. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6271. [PMID: 33293525 PMCID: PMC7722728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20000-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells adapt to conditions that compromise protein conformational stability by activating various stress response pathways, but the mechanisms used in sensing misfolded proteins remain unclear. Moreover, aggregates of disease proteins often fail to induce a productive stress response. Here, using a yeast model of polyQ protein aggregation, we identified Sis1, an essential Hsp40 co-chaperone of Hsp70, as a critical sensor of proteotoxic stress. At elevated levels, Sis1 prevented the formation of dense polyQ inclusions and directed soluble polyQ oligomers towards the formation of permeable condensates. Hsp70 accumulated in a liquid-like state within this polyQ meshwork, resulting in a potent activation of the HSF1 dependent stress response. Sis1, and the homologous DnaJB6 in mammalian cells, also regulated the magnitude of the cellular heat stress response, suggesting a general role in sensing protein misfolding. Sis1/DnaJB6 functions as a limiting regulator to enable a dynamic stress response and avoid hypersensitivity to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L Klaips
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael H M Gropp
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mark S Hipp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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Shen Y, Zou Y, Li J, Chen F, Li H, Cai Y. CDK5RAP3, a Novel Nucleoplasmic Shuttle, Deeply Regulates HSF1-Mediated Heat Stress Response and Protects Mammary Epithelial Cells from Heat Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8400. [PMID: 33182370 PMCID: PMC7664939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CDK5RAP3 was regarded as the most significant regulator of cellular responses against heat stress, which is associated with dysfunctions of the immune system and animal susceptibility to disease. Despite this, little known about how CDK5RAP3 regulates heat stress response. In this study, CDK5RAP3 conditional Knockout (CKO) mice, CDK5RAP3-/- mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) and bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were used as an in vitro and in vivo model, respectively to reveal the role of CDK5RAP3 in regulating the heat stress response. The deletion of CDK5RAP3 unexpectedly caused animal lethality after 1.5-h heat stimulations. Furthermore, BMECs were re-cultured for eight hours after heat stress and was found that the expression of CDK5RAP3 and HSPs showed a similar fluctuating pattern of increase (0-2, 4-6 h) and decrease (2-4, 6-8 h). In addition to the remarkably enhanced expression of heat shock protein, apoptosis rate and endoplasmic reticulum stress, the deletion of CDK5RAP3 also affected nucleoplasmic translocation and trimer formation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). These programs were further confirmed in the mammary gland of CDK5RAP3 CKO mice and CDK5RAP3-/- MEFs as well. Interestingly, genetic silencing of HSF1 downregulated CDK5RAP3 expression in BMECs. Immunostaining and immunoprecipitation studies suggested a physical interaction between CDK5RAP3 and HSF1 being co-localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Besides, CDK5RAP3 also interacted with HSP90, suggesting an operative machinery at both transcriptional level and protein functionality of HSP90 per se. Together, our findings suggested that CDK5RAP3 works like a novel nucleoplasmic shuttle or molecular chaperone, deeply participating in HSF1-mediated heat stress response and protecting cells from heat injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Yan Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China;
| | - Fanghui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Yafei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.)
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Rawat S, Ghosh S, Mondal D, Anusha V, Raychaudhuri S. Increased supraorganization of respiratory complexes is a dynamic multistep remodelling in response to proteostasis stress. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.248492. [PMID: 32878939 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.248492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins prevents aggregation inside and outside mitochondria. But how do cells safeguard the mitochondrial proteome and mitochondrial functions despite increased aggregation during proteasome inactivation? Here, using a novel two-dimensional complexome profiling strategy, we report increased supraorganization of respiratory complexes (RCs) in proteasome-inhibited cells that occurs simultaneously with increased pelletable aggregation of RC subunits inside mitochondria. Complex II (CII) and complex V (CV) subunits are increasingly incorporated into oligomers. Complex I (CI), complex III (CIII) and complex IV (CIV) subunits are engaged in supercomplex formation. We unravel unique quinary states of supercomplexes during early proteostatic stress that exhibit plasticity and inequivalence of constituent RCs. The core stoichiometry of CI and CIII is preserved, whereas the composition of CIV varies. These partially disintegrated supercomplexes remain functionally competent via conformational optimization. Subsequently, increased stepwise integration of RC subunits into holocomplexes and supercomplexes re-establishes steady-state stoichiometry. Overall, the mechanism of increased supraorganization of RCs mimics the cooperative unfolding and folding pathways for protein folding, but is restricted to RCs and is not observed for any other mitochondrial protein complexes.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivali Rawat
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Suparna Ghosh
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Debodyuti Mondal
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Valpadashi Anusha
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Swasti Raychaudhuri
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
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38
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Ray J, Kruse A, Ozer A, Kajitani T, Johnson R, MacCoss M, Heck M, Lis JT. RNA aptamer capture of macromolecular complexes for mass spectrometry analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:e90. [PMID: 32609809 PMCID: PMC7470977 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific genomic functions are dictated by macromolecular complexes (MCs) containing multiple proteins. Affinity purification of these complexes, often using antibodies, followed by mass spectrometry (MS) has revolutionized our ability to identify the composition of MCs. However, conventional immunoprecipitations suffer from contaminating antibody/serum-derived peptides that limit the sensitivity of detection for low-abundant interacting partners using MS. Here, we present AptA-MS (aptamer affinity-mass spectrometry), a robust strategy primarily using a specific, high-affinity RNA aptamer against Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) to identify interactors of a GFP-tagged protein of interest by high-resolution MS. Utilizing this approach, we have identified the known molecular chaperones that interact with human Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1), and observed an increased association with several proteins upon heat shock, including translation elongation factors and histones. HSF1 is known to be regulated by multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs), and we observe both known and new sites of modifications on HSF1. We show that AptA-MS provides a dramatic target enrichment and detection sensitivity in evolutionarily diverse organisms and allows identification of PTMs without the need for modification-specific enrichments. In combination with the expanding libraries of GFP-tagged cell lines, this strategy offers a general, inexpensive, and high-resolution alternative to conventional approaches for studying MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judhajeet Ray
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Angela Kruse
- Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Abdullah Ozer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Takuya Kajitani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Richard Johnson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael MacCoss
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michelle Heck
- Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center, United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - John T Lis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Jones LM, Chen Y, van Oosten-Hawle P. Redefining proteostasis transcription factors in organismal stress responses, development, metabolism, and health. Biol Chem 2020; 401:1005-1018. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEukaryotic organisms have evolved complex and robust cellular stress response pathways to ensure maintenance of proteostasis and survival during fluctuating environmental conditions. Highly conserved stress response pathways can be triggered and coordinated at the cell-autonomous and cell-nonautonomous level by proteostasis transcription factors, including HSF1, SKN-1/NRF2, HIF1, and DAF-16/FOXO that combat proteotoxic stress caused by environmental challenges. While these transcription factors are often associated with a specific stress condition, they also direct “noncanonical” transcriptional programs that serve to integrate a multitude of physiological responses required for development, metabolism, and defense responses to pathogen infections. In this review, we outline the established function of these key proteostasis transcription factors at the cell-autonomous and cell-nonautonomous level and discuss a newly emerging stress responsive transcription factor, PQM-1, within the proteostasis network. We look beyond the canonical stress response roles of proteostasis transcription factors and highlight their function in integrating different physiological stimuli to maintain cytosolic organismal proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Jones
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yannic Chen
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Patricija van Oosten-Hawle
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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40
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Masser AE, Ciccarelli M, Andréasson C. Hsf1 on a leash - controlling the heat shock response by chaperone titration. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112246. [PMID: 32861670 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) is an ancient transcription factor that monitors protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and counteracts disturbances by triggering a transcriptional programme known as the heat shock response (HSR). The HSR is transiently activated and upregulates the expression of core proteostasis genes, including chaperones. Dysregulation of Hsf1 and its target genes are associated with disease; cancer cells rely on a constitutively active Hsf1 to promote rapid growth and malignancy, whereas Hsf1 hypoactivation in neurodegenerative disorders results in formation of toxic aggregates. These central but opposing roles highlight the importance of understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms that control Hsf1 activity. According to current understanding, Hsf1 is maintained latent by chaperone interactions but proteostasis perturbations titrate chaperone availability as a result of chaperone sequestration by misfolded proteins. Liberated and activated Hsf1 triggers a negative feedback loop by inducing the expression of key chaperones. Until recently, Hsp90 has been highlighted as the central negative regulator of Hsf1 activity. In this review, we focus on recent advances regarding how the Hsp70 chaperone controls Hsf1 activity and in addition summarise several additional layers of activity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Masser
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michela Ciccarelli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claes Andréasson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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41
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Yu F, Wang L, Li W, Wang H, Que S, Lu L. Aquareovirus NS31 protein serves as a specific inducer for host heat shock 70-kDa protein. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:145-155. [PMID: 31859614 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevation of heat-shock protein expression, known as cellular heat-shock responses, occurs during infection of many viruses, which is involved in viral replication through various mechanisms. Herein, transcriptome analysis revealed that over-expression of non-structural protein NS31 of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells specifically induced expression of heat-shock response (HSR) genes HSP30 and HSP70. We further found that, among the HSR genes, only HSP70 protein were shown to be efficiently induced in fish cells following NS31 over-expression or GCRV infection. Employing a luciferase assay, we were able to show that the promoter of the HSP70 gene can be specifically activated by NS31. In addition, over-expressing HSP70 in grass carp CIK cells resulted in enhanced replication efficiency of GCRV, and an inhibitor for HSP70 resulted in the inhibition of GCRV replication, indicating that HSP70 should serve as a pro-viral factor. We also found that NS31 could activate HSP70 expression in cells of other vertebrate animals. Similar inducing effect on HSP70 expression was demonstrated for NS31-homologue proteins of other aquareoviruses including American grass carp reovirus (AGCRV) and GRCV (green river chinook virus). All these results indicated NS31 proteins in the Aquareovirus genus should play a key role for up-regulating specific HSP70 gene during viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Institute of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, PR China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Longlong Wang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wanjuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shunzheng Que
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
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42
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Emerging roles of HSF1 in cancer: Cellular and molecular episodes. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188390. [PMID: 32653364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) systematically guards proteome stability and proteostasis by regulating the expression of heat shock protein (HSP), thus rendering cancer cells addicted to HSF1. The non-canonical transcriptional programme driven by HSF1, which is distinct from the heat shock response (HSR), plays an indispensable role in the initiation, promotion and progression of cancer. Therefore, HSF1 is widely exploited as a potential therapeutic target in a broad spectrum of cancers. Various molecules and signals in the cell jointly regulate the activation and attenuation of HSF1. The high-level expression of HSF1 in tumours and its relationship with patient prognosis imply that HSF1 can be used as a biomarker for patient prognosis and a target for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the newly identified mechanisms of HSF1 activation and regulation, the diverse functions of HSF1 in tumourigenesis, and the feasibility of using HSF1 as a prognostic marker. Disrupting cancer cell proteostasis by targeting HSF1 represents a novel anti-cancer therapeutic strategy.
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43
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Pincus D. Regulation of Hsf1 and the Heat Shock Response. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:41-50. [PMID: 32297210 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is characterized by the induction of molecular chaperones following a sudden increase in temperature. In eukaryotes, the HSR comprises the set of genes controlled by the transcription factor Hsf1. The HSR is induced by defects in co-translational protein folding, ribosome biogenesis, organellar targeting of nascent proteins, and protein degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome system. Upon heat shock, these processes may be endogenous sources of polypeptide ligands that activate the HSR. Mechanistically, these ligands are thought to titrate the chaperone Hsp70 away from Hsf1, releasing Hsf1 to induce the full arsenal of cellular chaperones to restore protein homeostasis. In metazoans, this cell-autonomous feedback loop is modulated by the microenvironment and neuronal cues to enable tissue-level and organism-wide coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pincus
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Center for Physics of Evolving Systems, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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44
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Kmiecik SW, Le Breton L, Mayer MP. Feedback regulation of heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) activity by Hsp70-mediated trimer unzipping and dissociation from DNA. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104096. [PMID: 32490574 PMCID: PMC7360973 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response is a universal transcriptional response to proteotoxic stress orchestrated by heat shock transcription factor Hsf1 in all eukaryotic cells. Despite over 40 years of intense research, the mechanism of Hsf1 activity regulation remains poorly understood at the molecular level. In metazoa, Hsf1 trimerizes upon heat shock through a leucine‐zipper domain and binds to DNA. How Hsf1 is dislodged from DNA and monomerized remained enigmatic. Here, using purified proteins, we demonstrate that unmodified trimeric Hsf1 is dissociated from DNA in vitro by Hsc70 and DnaJB1. Hsc70 binds to multiple sites in Hsf1 with different affinities. Hsf1 trimers are monomerized by successive cycles of entropic pulling, unzipping the triple leucine‐zipper. Starting this unzipping at several protomers of the Hsf1 trimer results in faster monomerization. This process directly monitors the concentration of Hsc70 and DnaJB1. During heat shock adaptation, Hsc70 first binds to a high‐affinity site in the transactivation domain, leading to partial attenuation of the response, and subsequently, at higher concentrations, Hsc70 removes Hsf1 from DNA to restore the resting state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon W Kmiecik
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Le Breton
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias P Mayer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
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45
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Herpes Simplex Viruses Whose Replication Can Be Deliberately Controlled as Candidate Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020230. [PMID: 32443425 PMCID: PMC7349925 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, we have been evaluating a novel paradigm for immunization using viruses or virus-based vectors. Safety is provided not by attenuation or inactivation of vaccine viruses, but by the introduction into the viral genomes of genetic mechanisms that allow for stringent, deliberate spatial and temporal control of virus replication. The resulting replication-competent controlled viruses (RCCVs) can be activated to undergo one or, if desired, several rounds of efficient replication at the inoculation site, but are nonreplicating in the absence of activation. Extrapolating from observations that attenuated replicating viruses are better immunogens than replication-defective or inactivated viruses, it was hypothesized that RCCVs that replicate with wild-type-like efficiency when activated will be even better immunogens. The vigorous replication of the RCCVs should also render heterologous antigens expressed from them highly immunogenic. RCCVs for administration to skin sites or mucosal membranes were constructed using a virulent wild-type HSV-1 strain as the backbone. The recombinants are activated by a localized heat treatment to the inoculation site in the presence of a small-molecule regulator (SMR). Derivatives expressing influenza virus antigens were also prepared. Immunization/challenge experiments in mouse models revealed that the activated RCCVs induced far better protective immune responses against themselves as well as against the heterologous antigens they express than unactivated RCCVs or a replication-defective HSV-1 strain. Neutralizing antibody and proliferation responses mirrored these findings. We believe that the data obtained so far warrant further research to explore the possibility of developing effective RCCV-based vaccines directed to herpetic diseases and/or diseases caused by other pathogens.
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Chakraborty A, Edkins AL. Hop depletion reduces HSF1 levels and activity and coincides with reduced stress resilience. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:440-446. [PMID: 32334836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) regulates the transcriptional response to stress and controls expression of molecular chaperones required for cell survival. Here we report that HSF1 is regulated by the abundance of the Hsp70-Hsp90 organizing protein (Hop/STIP1). HSF1 levels were significantly reduced in Hop-depleted HEK293T cells. HSF1 transcriptional activity at the Hsp70 promoter, and binding of a biotinylated HSE oligonucleotide under both basal and heat-shock conditions were significantly reduced. Hop-depleted HEK293T cells were more sensitive to the HSF1 inhibitor KRIBB11 and showed reduced short-term proliferation, and reduced long-term survival under basal and heat-shock conditions. HSF1 nuclear localization was reduced in response to heat-shock and the nuclear staining pattern in Hop-depleted cells was punctate. Taken together, these data suggest that Hop regulates HSF1 function under both basal and stress conditions through a mechanism involving changes in levels, activity and subcellular localization, and coincides with reduced cellular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abantika Chakraborty
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Adrienne Lesley Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
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Morimoto RI. Cell-Nonautonomous Regulation of Proteostasis in Aging and Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a034074. [PMID: 30962274 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a034074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The functional health of the proteome is determined by properties of the proteostasis network (PN) that regulates protein synthesis, folding, macromolecular assembly, translocation, and degradation. In eukaryotes, the PN also integrates protein biogenesis across compartments within the cell and between tissues of metazoans for organismal health and longevity. Additionally, in metazoans, proteome stability and the functional health of proteins is optimized for development and yet declines throughout aging, accelerating the risk for misfolding, aggregation, and cellular dysfunction. Here, I describe the cell-nonautonomous regulation of organismal PN by tissue communication and cell stress-response pathways. These systems are robust from development through reproductive maturity and are genetically programmed to decline abruptly in early adulthood by repression of the heat shock response and other cell-protective stress responses, thus compromising the ability of cells and tissues to properly buffer against the cumulative stress of protein damage during aging. While the failure of multiple protein quality control processes during aging challenges cellular function and tissue health, genetic studies, and the identification of small-molecule proteostasis regulators suggests strategies that can be employed to reset the PN with potential benefit on cellular health and organismal longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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Duchateau A, de Thonel A, El Fatimy R, Dubreuil V, Mezger V. The "HSF connection": Pleiotropic regulation and activities of Heat Shock Factors shape pathophysiological brain development. Neurosci Lett 2020; 725:134895. [PMID: 32147500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Heat Shock Factors (HSFs) have been historically identified as a family of transcription factors that are activated and work in a stress-responsive manner, after exposure to a large variety of stimuli. However, they are also critical in normal conditions, in a life long manner, in a number of physiological processes that encompass gametogenesis, embryonic development and the integrity of adult organs and organisms. The importance of such roles is emphasized by the devastating impact of their deregulation on health, ranging from reproductive failure, neurodevelopmental disorders, cancer, and aging pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we provide an overview of the delicate choreography of the regulation of HSFs during neurodevelopment, at prenatal and postnatal stages. The regulation of HSFs acts at multiple layers and steps, and comprises the control of (i) HSF mRNA and protein levels, (ii) HSF activity in terms of DNA-binding and transcription, (iii) HSF homo- and hetero-oligomerization capacities, and (iv) HSF combinatory set of post-translational modifications. We also describe how these regulatory mechanisms operate in the normal developing brain and how their perturbation impact neurodevelopment under prenatal or perinatal stress conditions. In addition, we put into perspective the possible role of HSFs in the evolution of the vertebrate brains and the importance of the HSF pathway in a large variety of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Duchateau
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU PROTECT, Paris, France; ED 562 BioSPC, Université de Paris, F-75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Aurélie de Thonel
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU PROTECT, Paris, France
| | - Rachid El Fatimy
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU PROTECT, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Dubreuil
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU PROTECT, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Mezger
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU PROTECT, Paris, France.
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Jayaraj GG, Hipp MS, Hartl FU. Functional Modules of the Proteostasis Network. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a033951. [PMID: 30833457 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a033951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cells invest in an extensive network of factors to maintain protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and prevent the accumulation of potentially toxic protein aggregates. This proteostasis network (PN) comprises the machineries for the biogenesis, folding, conformational maintenance, and degradation of proteins with molecular chaperones as central coordinators. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the modular architecture of the PN in mammalian cells and how it is modified during cell differentiation. We discuss the capacity and limitations of the PN in maintaining proteome integrity in the face of proteotoxic stresses, such as aggregate formation in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we outline various pharmacological interventions to ameliorate proteostasis imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal G Jayaraj
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mark S Hipp
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Alasady MJ, Mendillo ML. The Multifaceted Role of HSF1 in Tumorigenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:69-85. [PMID: 32297212 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1), the master transcriptional regulator of the heat shock response (HSR), was first cloned more than 30 years ago. Most early research interrogating the role that HSF1 plays in biology focused on its cytoprotective functions, as a factor that promotes the survival of organisms by protecting against the proteotoxicity associated with neurodegeneration and other pathological conditions. However, recent studies have revealed a deleterious role of HSF1, as a factor that is co-opted by cancer cells to promote their own survival to the detriment of the organism. In cancer, HSF1 operates in a multifaceted manner to promote oncogenic transformation, proliferation, metastatic dissemination, and anti-cancer drug resistance. Here we review our current understanding of HSF1 activation and function in malignant progression and discuss the potential for HSF1 inhibition as a novel anticancer strategy. Collectively, this ever-growing body of work points to a prominent role of HSF1 in nearly every aspect of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad J Alasady
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marc L Mendillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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