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Pimenta AI, Bernardino RM, Pereira IAC. Role of sulfidogenic members of the gut microbiota in human disease. Adv Microb Physiol 2024; 85:145-200. [PMID: 39059820 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The human gut flora comprises a dynamic network of bacterial species that coexist in a finely tuned equilibrium. The interaction with intestinal bacteria profoundly influences the host's development, metabolism, immunity, and overall health. Furthermore, dysbiosis, a disruption of the gut microbiota, can induce a variety of diseases, not exclusively associated with the intestinal tract. The increased consumption of animal protein, high-fat and high-sugar diets in Western countries has been implicated in the rise of chronic and inflammatory illnesses associated with dysbiosis. In particular, this diet leads to the overgrowth of sulfide-producing bacteria, known as sulfidogenic bacteria, which has been linked to inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer, among other disorders. Sulfidogenic bacteria include sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio spp.) and Bilophila wadsworthia among others, which convert organic and inorganic sulfur compounds to sulfide through the dissimilatory sulfite reduction pathway. At high concentrations, sulfide is cytotoxic and disrupts the integrity of the intestinal epithelium and mucus barrier, triggering inflammation. Besides producing sulfide, B. wadsworthia has revealed significant pathogenic potential, demonstrated in the ability to cause infection, adhere to intestinal cells, promote inflammation, and compromise the integrity of the colonic mucus layer. This review delves into the mechanisms by which taurine and sulfide-driven gut dysbiosis contribute to the pathogenesis of sulfidogenic bacteria, and discusses the role of these gut microbes, particularly B. wadsworthia, in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia I Pimenta
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Bernardino
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Inês A C Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.
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Li R, Chen S, Li Y, Chen X, Ye BC. Development of a "Turn off-on" whole-cell biosensor for sulforaphane detection based on the ultrasensitive activator HrpRS. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 70:798-810. [PMID: 36070874 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), a defense secondary metabolite, can be used to predict the health status of plants and also has pharmacological effects, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The detection of SFN is therefore of great significance for the prevention and treatment of diseases. In this study, a "Turn off" whole-cell biosensor that can rapidly and robustly respond to the presence of SFN was constructed based on the orthogonal genetic components (hrpR, hrpS, and PhrpL ) of Pseudomonas syringae (PS). The final optimized biosensor, p114(30R-30S), was able to inhibit 91.7% of the fluorescence intensity in the presence of 100-μM SFN. Subsequently, a HrpRS-regulated OFF-ON genetic switch was designed by reconstituting a reverse σ70 promoter on the σ54 -PhrpL promoter sequence; this was coupled with dual-color reporter genes to construct a "Turn off-on" whole-cell SFN biosensor. The PhrpLB variant increased the expression of green fluorescence a factor of 11.9 and reduced the expression of red fluorescence by 85.8% compared with the system in the absence of SFN. Thus, a robust switching of signal output from "turn off" to "turn on" was realized. In addition, the biosensor showed good linearity in the SFN concentration ranges of 0.1-10 μM (R2 = 0.99429) and 10-100 μM (R2 = 0.99465) and a detection limit of ⁓0.1 μM. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Shengyan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Yangguang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.,Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.,Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Bai H, Zhou D, Zhang X, Cao Y, Xiao X, Zhang Y, Yu Y. The responses of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to vanillin in apple juice through global transcriptomics. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 347:109189. [PMID: 33838479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium can survive some extreme environment in food processing, and vanillin generally recognized as safe is bactericidal to pathogens. Thus, we need to explore the responses of S. Typhimurium to vanillin in order to apply this antimicrobial agent in food processing. In this study, we exposed S. Typhimurium to commercial apple juice with/without vanillin (3.2 mg/mL) at 45 °C for 75 min to determine the survival rate. Subsequently, the 10-min cultures were selected for transcriptomic analysis. Using high-throughput RNA sequencing, genes related to vanillin resistance and their expression changes of S. Typhimurium were identified. The survival curve showed that S. Typhimurium treated with vanillin were inactivated by 5.5 log after 75 min, while the control group only decreased by 2.3 log. Such a discrepancy showed the significant antibacterial effect of vanillin on S. Typhimurium. As a result, 265 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found when coping with vanillin, among which, 225 showed up-regulation and 40 DEGs were down-regulated. Treated with vanillin, S. Typhimurium significantly up-regulated genes involved in cell membrane, acid tolerance response (ATR) and oxidative stress response, cold shock cross-protection, DNA repair, virulence factors and some key regulators. Firstly, membrane-related genes, including outer membrane (bamE, mepS, ygdI, lolB), inner membrane (yaiY, yicS) and other proteins (yciC, yjcH), were significantly up-regulated because of the damaged cell membrane. Then, up-regulated proteins associated with arginine synthesis (ArgABCDIG) and inward transportation (ArtI, ArtJ, ArtP and HisP), participated in ATR to pump out the protons inside the cell in this scenario. Next, superoxide stress response triggered by vanillin was found to have a significant up-regulation as well, which was controlled by SoxRS regulon. Besides, NADH-associated (nuoA, nuoB, nuoK, nadE, fre and STM3021), thioredoxin (trxA, trxC, tpx and bcp) and glutaredoxin (grxC and grxD) DEGs led to the increase of the oxidative stress response. Cold shock proteins such as CspA and CspC showed an up-regulation, suggesting it might play a role in cross-protecting S. Typhimurium from vanillin stress. Furthermore, DEGs in DNA repair and virulence factors, including flagellar assembly, adhesins and type III secretion system were up-regulated. Some regulators like fur, rpoE and csrA played a pivotal role in response to the stress caused by vanillin. Therefore, this study sounds an alarm for the risks caused by stress tolerance of S. Typhimurium in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Bai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510640, China
| | - Donggen Zhou
- Ningbo International Travel Healthcare Center, No.336 LiutingStreet, Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province 315012, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510640, China
| | - Yifang Cao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510640, China
| | - Xinglong Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510640, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510640, China
| | - Yigang Yu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510640, China.
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Perry F, Johnson C, Aylward B, Arsenault RJ. The Differential Phosphorylation-Dependent Signaling and Glucose Immunometabolic Responses Induced during Infection by Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Heidelberg in Chicken Macrophage-like cells. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1041. [PMID: 32674261 PMCID: PMC7409154 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a burden to the poultry, health, and food safety industries, resulting in illnesses, food contamination, and recalls. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is one of the most prevalent serotypes isolated from poultry. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica Heidelberg (S. Heidelberg), which is becoming as prevalent as S. Enteritidis, is one of the five most isolated serotypes. Although S. Enteritidis and S. Heidelberg are almost genetically identical, they both are capable of inducing different immune and metabolic responses in host cells to successfully establish an infection. Therefore, using the kinome peptide array, we demonstrated that S. Enteritidis and S. Heidelberg infections induced differential phosphorylation of peptides on Rho proteins, caspases, toll-like receptors, and other proteins involved in metabolic- and immune-related signaling of HD11 chicken macrophages. Metabolic flux assays measuring extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) demonstrated that S. Enteritidis at 30 min postinfection (p.i.) increased glucose metabolism, while S. Heidelberg at 30 min p.i. decreased glucose metabolism. S. Enteritidis is more invasive than S. Heidelberg. These results show different immunometabolic responses of HD11 macrophages to S. Enteritidis and S. Heidelberg infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ryan J. Arsenault
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (F.P.); (C.J.); (B.A.)
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Abstract
The independent naming of components of injectisome-type type III secretion systems in different bacterial species has resulted in considerable confusion, impeding accessibility of the literature and hindering communication between scientists of the same field. A unified nomenclature had been proposed by Hueck more than 20 years ago. It found little attention for many years, but usage was sparked again by recent reviews and an international type III secretion meeting in 2016. Here, we propose that the field consistently switches to an extended version of this nomenclature to be no longer lost in translation.
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Kooger R, Szwedziak P, Böck D, Pilhofer M. CryoEM of bacterial secretion systems. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2018; 52:64-70. [PMID: 30223223 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The need for bacteria to interact with their environment has driven the evolution of elaborate secretion systems. By virtue of their function, secretion systems are macromolecular complexes associated with the cell envelope and therefore inherently difficult to study by conventional structural biology techniques. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) has become an invaluable technique to study large membrane-embedded complexes and led to major advances in the mechanistic understanding of secretion systems. CryoEM comprises of two main modalities, namely single particle analysis and tomography. Here, we review how detailed structures retrieved by single particle analysis combine elegantly with tomography experiments in which the secretion systems are observed in their native cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Kooger
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Szwedziak
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Désirée Böck
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pilhofer
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Hu S, Yu Y, Zhou D, Li R, Xiao X, Wu H. Global transcriptomic Acid Tolerance Response in Salmonella Enteritidis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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