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Singh AK, Prasad P, Cancelas JA. Mesenchymal stromal cells, metabolism, and mitochondrial transfer in bone marrow normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1325291. [PMID: 38169927 PMCID: PMC10759248 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1325291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation-based treatments are in different phases of clinical development, ranging from current therapies to a promise in the repair and regeneration of diseased tissues and organs. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which are fibroblast-like heterogeneous progenitors with multilineage differentiation (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic) and self-renewal potential, and exist in the bone marrow (BM), adipose, and synovium, among other tissues, represent one of the most widely used sources of stem cells in regenerative medicine. MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) exhibit a variety of traits, including the potential to drive HSC fate and anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive capabilities via paracrine activities and interactions with the innate and adaptive immune systems. The role of BM-MSC-derived adipocytes is more controversial and may act as positive or negative regulators of benign or malignant hematopoiesis based on their anatomical location and functional crosstalk with surrounding cells in the BM microenvironment. This review highlights the most recent clinical and pre-clinical findings on how BM-MSCs interact with the surrounding HSCs, progenitors, and immune cells, and address some recent insights on the mechanisms that mediate MSCs and adipocyte metabolic control through a metabolic crosstalk between BM microenvironment cells and intercellular mitochondrial transfer in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek K. Singh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Parash Prasad
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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2
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Liu Z, Zhao X, Shen H, Liu X, Xu X, Fu R. Cellular immunity in the era of modern multiple myeloma therapy. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:1436-1447. [PMID: 37306091 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relapsing clonal plasma cell malignancy and incurable thus far. With the increasing understanding of myeloma, highlighting the critical importance of the immune system in the pathogenesis of MM is essential. The immune changes in MM patients after treatment are associated with prognosis. In this review, we summarize currently available MM therapies and discuss how they affect cellular immunity. We find that the modern anti-MM treatments enhance antitumour immune responses. A deeper understanding of the therapeutic activity of individual drugs offers more effective treatment approaches that enhance the beneficial immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, we show that the immune changes after treatment in MM patients can provide useful prognostic marker. Analysing cellular immune responses offers new perspectives for evaluating clinical data and making comprehensive predictions for applying novel therapies in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianghong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongli Shen
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
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3
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Riekert M, Almanzar G, Schmalzing M, Schütze N, Jakob F, Prelog M. Mesenchymal stem cells modulate IL-17 and IL-9 production induced by Th17-inducing cytokine conditions in autoimmune arthritis: an explorative analysis. Adv Rheumatol 2023; 63:37. [PMID: 37525265 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of proinflammatory T-cells and their cytokine production in patients with autoimmune arthritis has been widely described. Due to their immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have come into focus as a potential therapeutic concept. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of MSCs on the phenotype, cytokine profile, and functionality of naive and non-naive CD4+ T-cells from healthy donors (HD) and patients with autoimmune arthritis under Th17-cytokine polarizing conditions in an explorative way using a transwell system prohibiting any cell-cell-contact. METHODS Magnetically isolated naive and non-naive CD4+ T-cells were stimulated under Th17-polarizing proinflammatory cytokine conditions in presence and absence of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). After an incubation period of 6 days, the proportions of the T-cell subpopulations TEMRA (CD45RA+CD27-), memory (CD45RA-CD27+), effector (CD45RA-CD27-) and naive cells (CD45RA+CD27+) were determined. Quantitative immunofluorescence intensity was used as a measure for IL-9, IL-17 and IFN-γ production in each subpopulation. RESULTS In isolated naive CD4+ T-cells from HD and patients, MSCs suppressed the differentiation of naive towards an effector phenotype while memory and naive cells showed higher percentages in culture with MSCs. In patients, MSCs significantly decreased the proportion of IL-9 and IL-17 producing effector T-cells. MSCs also reduced IFN-γ production in the naive and memory phenotype from HD. CONCLUSION The results of the study indicate significant immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, as under Th17-polarizing conditions MSCs are still able to control T-cell differentiation and proinflammatory cytokine production in both HD and patients with autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Riekert
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50924, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Giovanni Almanzar
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmalzing
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Schütze
- Orthopedic Clinic, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Orthopedic Clinic, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martina Prelog
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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4
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The Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Neuroblastoma Therapy for Delivery of Anti-Cancer Agents and Hematopoietic Recovery. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030161. [PMID: 33668854 PMCID: PMC7996318 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common pediatric cancers and a major cause of cancer-related death in infancy. Conventional therapies including high-dose chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and immunotherapy approach a limit in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma and prevention of relapse. In the last two decades, research unraveled a potential use of mesenchymal stromal cells in tumor therapy, as tumor-selective delivery vehicles for therapeutic compounds and oncolytic viruses and by means of supporting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Based on pre-clinical and clinical advances in neuroblastoma and other malignancies, we assess both the strong potential and the associated risks of using mesenchymal stromal cells in the therapy for neuroblastoma. Furthermore, we examine feasibility and safety aspects and discuss future directions for harnessing the advantageous properties of mesenchymal stromal cells for the advancement of therapy success.
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Hochheuser C, Windt LJ, Kunze NY, de Vos DL, Tytgat GA, Voermans C, Timmerman I. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Neuroblastoma: Exploring Crosstalk and Therapeutic Implications. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:59-78. [PMID: 33287630 PMCID: PMC7826431 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the second most common solid cancer in childhood, accounting for 15% of cancer-related deaths in children. In high-risk NB patients, the majority suffers from metastasis. Despite intensive multimodal treatment, long-term survival remains <40%. The bone marrow (BM) is among the most common sites of distant metastasis in patients with high-risk NB. In this environment, small populations of tumor cells can persist after treatment (minimal residual disease) and induce relapse. Therapy resistance of these residual tumor cells in BM remains a major obstacle for the cure of NB. A detailed understanding of the microenvironment and its role in tumor progression is of utmost importance for improving the treatment efficiency of NB. In BM, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) constitute an important part of the microenvironment, where they support hematopoiesis and modulate immune responses. Their role in tumor progression is not completely understood, especially for NB. Although MSCs have been found to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor growth, and metastasis and to induce chemoresistance, some reports point toward a tumor-suppressive effect of MSCs. In this review, we aim to compile current knowledge about the role of MSCs in NB development and progression. We evaluate arguments that depict tumor-supportive versus -suppressive properties of MSCs in the context of NB and give an overview of factors involved in MSC-NB crosstalk. A focus lies on the BM as a metastatic niche, since that is the predominant site for NB metastasis and relapse. Finally, we will present opportunities and challenges for therapeutic targeting of MSCs in the BM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hochheuser
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Laurens J. Windt
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina Y. Kunze
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dieuwke L. de Vos
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Carlijn Voermans
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ilse Timmerman
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Yanir A, Schulz A, Lawitschka A, Nierkens S, Eyrich M. Immune Reconstitution After Allogeneic Haematopoietic Cell Transplantation: From Observational Studies to Targeted Interventions. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:786017. [PMID: 35087775 PMCID: PMC8789272 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.786017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune reconstitution (IR) after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) represents a central determinant of the clinical post-transplant course, since the majority of transplant-related outcome parameters such as graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD), infectious complications, and relapse are related to the velocity, quantity and quality of immune cell recovery. Younger age at transplant has been identified as the most important positive prognostic factor for favourable IR post-transplant and, indeed, accelerated immune cell recovery in children is most likely the pivotal contributing factor to lower incidences of GvHD and infectious complications in paediatric allogeneic HCT. Although our knowledge about the mechanisms of IR has significantly increased over the recent years, strategies to influence IR are just evolving. In this review, we will discuss different patterns of IR during various time points post-transplant and their impact on outcome. Besides IR patterns and cellular phenotypes, recovery of antigen-specific immune cells, for example virus-specific T cells, has recently gained increasing interest, as certain threshold levels of antigen-specific T cells seem to confer protection against severe viral disease courses. In contrast, the association between IR and a possible graft-vs. leukaemia effect is less well-understood. Finally, we will present current concepts of how to improve IR and how this could change transplant procedures in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Yanir
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Division of Haematology and Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Lawitschka
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Matthias Eyrich
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Abstract
Following periods of haematopoietic cell stress, such as after chemotherapy, radiotherapy, infection and transplantation, patient outcomes are linked to the degree of immune reconstitution, specifically of T cells. Delayed or defective recovery of the T cell pool has significant clinical consequences, including prolonged immunosuppression, poor vaccine responses and increased risks of infections and malignancies. Thus, strategies that restore thymic function and enhance T cell reconstitution can provide considerable benefit to individuals whose immune system has been decimated in various settings. In this Review, we focus on the causes and consequences of impaired adaptive immunity and discuss therapeutic strategies that can recover immune function, with a particular emphasis on approaches that can promote a diverse repertoire of T cells through de novo T cell formation.
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Boberg E, von Bahr L, Afram G, Lindström C, Ljungman P, Heldring N, Petzelbauer P, Garming Legert K, Kadri N, Le Blanc K. Treatment of chronic GvHD with mesenchymal stromal cells induces durable responses: A phase II study. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:1190-1202. [PMID: 32573983 PMCID: PMC7519760 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid‐refractory chronic graft‐vs‐host disease (cGvHD) contributes to morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Here, we report on 11 patients with severe, refractory cGvHD treated with repeated infusions of allogeneic bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) over a 6‐ to 12‐month period. Six patients responded to MSC treatment following National Institutes of Health response criteria, accompanied by improvement in GvHD‐related symptoms and quality of life. This response was durable, with systemic immunosuppressive therapy withdrawn from two responders, and a further two free from steroids and tapering calcineurin inhibitors. All responders displayed a distinct immune phenotype characterized by higher levels of naïve T cells and B cells before treatment compared with the nonresponders, and a significantly higher fraction of CD31+ naïve CD4+ T cells. MSC treatment was associated with significant increases in naïve T cells, B cells, and Tregs 7 days after each infusion. Skin biopsies showed resolution of epidermal pathology. CXCL9 and CXCL10 showed differential responses in responder and nonresponder patients. Our data support the use of MSC infusions as treatment for steroid‐refractory cGvHD with durable responses. We propose CXCL9 and CXCL10 as early biomarkers for responsiveness to MSC treatment. Our results highlight the importance of the MSC recipient immune phenotype in promoting treatment response. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT01522716.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Boberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena von Bahr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriel Afram
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Lindström
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Ljungman
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Heldring
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Petzelbauer
- Skin and Endothelial Research Division, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Nadir Kadri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Daltro SRT, Meira CS, Santos IP, Ribeiro dos Santos R, Soares MBP. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Atopic Dermatitis: A Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:326. [PMID: 32478072 PMCID: PMC7240073 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are stromal-derived non-hematopoietic progenitor cells that reside in and can be expanded from various tissues sources of adult and neonatal origin, such as the bone marrow, umbilical cord, umbilical cord blood, adipose tissue, amniotic fluid, placenta, dental pulp and skin. The discovery of the immunosuppressing action of MSCs on T cells has opened new perspectives for their use as a therapeutic agent for immune-mediated disorders, including allergies. Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic and relapsing skin disorder that affects up to 20% of children and up to 3% of adults worldwide, is characterized by pruritic eczematous lesions, impaired cutaneous barrier function, Th2 type immune hyperactivation and, frequently, elevation of serum immunoglobulin E levels. Although, in the dermatology field, the application of MSCs as a therapeutic agent was initiated using the concept of cell replacement for skin defects and wound healing, accumulating evidence have shown that MSC-mediated immunomodulation can be applicable to the treatment of inflammatory/allergic skin disorders. Here we reviewed the pre-clinical and clinical studies and possible biological mechanisms of MSCs as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ricardo Ribeiro dos Santos
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
- Health Institute of Technology, National Industrial Learning Service - Integrated Manufacturing and Technology Campus (SENAI-CIMATEC), Salvador, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
- Health Institute of Technology, National Industrial Learning Service - Integrated Manufacturing and Technology Campus (SENAI-CIMATEC), Salvador, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Fisher SA, Cutler A, Doree C, Brunskill SJ, Stanworth SJ, Navarrete C, Girdlestone J. Mesenchymal stromal cells as treatment or prophylaxis for acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease in haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with a haematological condition. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 1:CD009768. [PMID: 30697701 PMCID: PMC6353308 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009768.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recipients of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) can develop acute or chronic, or both forms of graft-versus-host disease (a/cGvHD), whereby immune cells of the donor attack host tissues. Steroids are the primary treatment, but patients with severe, refractory disease have limited options and a poor prognosis. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit immunosuppressive properties and are being tested in clinical trials for their safety and efficacy in treating many immune-mediated disorders. GvHD is one of the first areas in which MSCs were clinically applied, and it is important that the accumulating evidence is systematically reviewed to assess whether their use is favoured. OBJECTIVES To determine the evidence for the safety and efficacy of MSCs for treating immune-mediated inflammation post-transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells. SEARCH METHODS We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, the Cochrane Library 2018, Issue 12), MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), CINAHL (from 1937), Web of Science: Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science (CPCI-S) (from 1990) and ongoing trial databases to 6 December 2018. No constraints were placed on language or publication status. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs of participants with a haematological condition who have undergone an HSCT as treatment for their condition and were randomised to MSCs (intervention arm) or no MSCs (comparator arm), to prevent or treat GvHD. We also included RCTs which compared different doses of MSCs or MSCs of different sources (e.g. bone marrow versus cord). We included MSCs co-transplanted with haematopoietic stem cells as well as MSCs administered post-transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane.We employed a random-effects model for all analyses due to expected clinical heterogeneity arising from differences in participant characteristics and interventions. MAIN RESULTS We identified 12 completed RCTs (879 participants), and 13 ongoing trials (1532 enrolled participants planned). Of 12 completed trials, 10 compared MSCs versus no MSCs and two compared different doses of MSCs. One trial was in people with thalassaemia major, the remaining trials were for haematological malignancies. Seven trials administered MSCs to prevent GvHD, whereas five trials gave MSCs to treat GvHD.In the comparison of MSCs with no MSCs, cells were administered at a dose of between 105 and 107 cells/kg in either a single dose (six trials) or in multiple doses (four trials) over a period of three days to four months. The dose-comparison trials compared 2 x 106 cells/kg with 8 x 106 cells/kg in two infusions, or 1 x 106 cells/kg with 3 x 106 cells/kg in a single infusion.The median duration of follow-up in seven trials which administered MSCs prophylactically ranged from 10 to 60 months. In three trials of MSCs as treatment for aGvHD, participants were followed up for 90 or 100 days. In two trials of MSCs as treatment for cGvHD, the mean duration of follow-up was 13.4 months (MSC group) and 23.6 months (control group) in one trial, and 56 weeks in the second trial. Five trials included adults only, six trials included adults and children, and one trial included children only. In eight trials which reported the gender distribution, the percentage of females ranged from 20% to 59% (median 35.8%).The overall quality of the included studies was low: randomisation methods were poorly reported and several of the included studies were subject to a high risk of performance bias and reporting bias. One trial which started in 2008 has not been published and the progress of this trial in unknown, leading to potential publication bias. The quality of evidence was therefore low or very low for all outcomes due to a high risk of bias as well as imprecision due to the low number of overall participants, and in some cases evidence based on a single study. We found that MSCs may make little or no difference in the risk of all-cause mortality in either prophylactic trials (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.42; participants = 301; studies = 5; I2 = 34% ; low-quality evidence) or therapeutic trials (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.56; participants = 244; studies = 1; very low-quality evidence), and no difference in the risk of relapse of malignant disease (prophylactic trials: RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.59; participants = 323; studies = 6; I2 = 0%; low-quality evidence) compared with no MSCs. MSCs were well-tolerated, no infusion-related toxicity or ectopic tissue formation was reported. No study reported health-related quality of life. In prophylactic trials, MSCs may reduce the risk of chronic GvHD (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.89; participants = 283; studies = 6; I2 = 0%; low-quality evidence). This means that only 310 (95% CI 230 to 418) in every 1000 patients in the MSC arm are expected to develop chronic GvHD compared to 469 in the control arm. However, MSCs may make little or no difference to the risk of aGvHD (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.17; participants = 247; studies = 6; I2 = 0%; low-quality evidence). In GvHD therapeutic trials, we are very uncertain whether MSCs improve complete response of either aGvHD (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.70, participants = 260, studies = 1; very low-quality evidence) or cGvHD (RR 5.00, 95%CI 0.75 to 33.21, participants = 40, studies = 1; very low-quality evidence).In two trials which compared different doses of MSCs, we found no evidence of any differences in outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS MSCs are an area of intense research activity, and an increasing number of trials have been undertaken or are planned. Despite a number of reports of positive outcomes from the use of MSCs for treating acute GvHD, the evidence to date from RCTs has not supported the conclusion that they are an effective therapy. There is low-quality evidence that MSCs may reduce the risk of cGvHD. New trial evidence will be incorporated into future updates of this review, which may better establish a role for MSCs in the prevention or treatment of GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila A Fisher
- NHS Blood and TransplantSystematic Review InitiativeLevel 2, John Radcliffe HospitalHeadingtonOxfordOxonUKOX3 9BQ
| | - Antony Cutler
- NHS Blood and TransplantHistocompatibility & Immunogenetics Research GroupLondonUK
| | - Carolyn Doree
- NHS Blood and TransplantSystematic Review InitiativeLevel 2, John Radcliffe HospitalHeadingtonOxfordOxonUKOX3 9BQ
| | - Susan J Brunskill
- NHS Blood and TransplantSystematic Review InitiativeLevel 2, John Radcliffe HospitalHeadingtonOxfordOxonUKOX3 9BQ
| | - Simon J Stanworth
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of OxfordNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research CentreJohn Radcliffe Hospital, Headley WayHeadingtonOxfordUKOX3 9BQ
| | | | - John Girdlestone
- University College LondonDivision of Infection and ImmunityLondonUK
- NHS Blood and TransplantStem Cells and ImmunotherapiesHeadley WayOxfordUKOX3 9BQ
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Liu J, Chen C, Ling C, Hu H, Cao J, Gao Y. The effects of hemocyanin on T cells cultured in vitro. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:2655-2660. [PMID: 29434988 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As a broad-spectrum antibiotic, gentamicin is used extensively in T cell culturing in vitro, but preliminary studies have identified that T cell activity is significantly affected by gentamicin. In the present study, the hemocyanin from Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei) was selected as an additive for T cell cultures in vitro. Compared with those in the control group, the cell quantity exhibited no significant difference, and the formation rate of cell colony increased gradually with increases in the hemocyanin concentration. Additionally, flow cytometry assays identified that cluster of differentiation (CD)3+CD4+ and CD4+CD25+ T cells in the 0.2 µg/ml hemocyanin (Hem 3) group were all significantly increased. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis demonstrated that T cells in the G0/G1 phase were significantly decreased in the Hem 3 group compared with in the control, 0.05 µg/ml (Hem 1) and 0.1 µg/ml (Hem 2) groups, and cells in the S phase were significantly elevated in the Hem 3 group compared with in the control and Hem 1 groups. In addition, MTT analysis indicated that the cytotoxicity of T cells towards HepG2 cells was significantly increased in the Hem 3 group compared with in the control, Hem 1 and Hem 2 groups. Taken together, the present study identified that hemocyanin may improve the proliferation and cytotoxicity of T cells, and the results supported the use of hemocyanin in T cell adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Liu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Haoyun Hu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jingsong Cao
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Gao
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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12
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Timari H, Shamsasenjan K, Movassaghpour A, Akbarzadehlaleh P, Pashoutan Sarvar D, Aqmasheh S. The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Hematopoietic Stem Cells Fate. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:531-546. [PMID: 29399543 PMCID: PMC5788208 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent stem cells, with self-renewal ability as well as ability to generate all blood cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells, with self-renewal ability, and capable of differentiating into a variety of cell types. MSCs have supporting effects on hematopoiesis; through direct intercellular communications as well as secreting cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Recent investigations demonstrated that some biological functions and effects of MSCs are mediated by their EVs. MSC-EVs are the cell membrane and endosomal membrane compartments, which are important mediators in the intercellular communications. MSC-EVs contain some of the molecules such as proteins, mRNA, siRNA, and miRNA from their parental cells. MSC-EVs are able to inhibit tumor, repair damaged tissue, and modulate immune system responses. MSC-EVs compared to their parental cells, may have the specific safety advantages such as the lower potential to trigger immune system responses and limited side effects. Recently some studies demonstrated the effect of MSC-EVs on the expansion, differentiation, and clinical applications of HSCs such as improvement of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and inhibition of graft versus host disease (GVHD). HSCT may be the only therapeutic choice for patients who suffer from malignant and non-malignant hematological disorders. However, there are several severe side effects such GVHD that restricts the successfulness of HSCT. In this review, we will discuss the most important effects of MSCs and MSC-EVs on the improvement of HSCT, inhibition and treatment of GVHD, as well as, on the expansion of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamze Timari
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Shamsasenjan
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Movassaghpour
- Hematology Oncology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Akbarzadehlaleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sara Aqmasheh
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Chen Y, Zeng L, Yang J, Wang Y, Yao F, Wu Y, Wang D, Hu Y, Liu J. Anti-DHAV-1 reproduction and immuno-regulatory effects of a flavonoid prescription on duck virus hepatitis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1545-1552. [PMID: 28385083 PMCID: PMC6130687 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1309554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The flavonoid prescription baicalin-linarin-icariin-notoginsenoside R1 (BLIN) has a curative effect on duck virus hepatitis (DVH) caused by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1). However, the mechanism of this curative effect is not understood. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the mechanism of the curative effect of BLIN on DVH caused by DHAV-1. We analyzed the anti-DHAV-1 reproduction mechanism and immuno-regulatory effect of BLIN. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-DHAV-1 reproduction effects of BLIN at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 μg/mL in vitro, as well as the influence of BLIN at 20 μg/mL on DHAV-1 adsorption, replication and release were tested using the qRT-PCR method. The promotion abilities of BLIN at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 μg/mL on T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation were investigated by the MTT method. IL-2 and IFN-γ levels and total anti-DHAV-1 antibody secretion after treatment with DHAV-1 for 4, 8 and 54 h were determined by ELISA. RESULTS BLIN showed a dose-dependent DHAV-1 reproduction inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect was highest at 20 μg/mL, where DHAV-1 adsorption and release were significantly lower. Meanwhile, BLIN at 5 μg/mL significantly increased T and B lymphocyte proliferation. BLIN stimulated total anti-DHAV-1 antibody secretion in ducklings at the dosage of 4 mg per duckling, but did not stimulate IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion significantly. CONCLUSIONS BLIN inhibits DHAV-1 reproduction by suppressing its adsorption and release. Additionally, BLIN promoted the duckling antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Fangke Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
- CONTACT Jiaguo Liu Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, P R China
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14
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Cao J, Chen C, Gao Y, Hu L, Liang Y, Xiao J. Identification of a protein associated with the activity of cytokine-induced killer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6937-6942. [PMID: 29163711 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) adoptive immunotherapy for efficient antitumor ability is used clinically, but details regarding the proteins associated with CIK activity remain unclear. In the current study, the cytotoxicity of CIKs on hepatoma was identified to be significantly downregulated by 1.61-fold following gentamincin treatment. Further research revealed that a differentially expressed protein (P43) was significantly downregulated by 1.22-fold using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. Of these, the P43 was identified as human haptoglobin using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Western blotting demonstrated that the haptoglobin specifically reacted with rabbit anti-human-haptoglobin. Furthermore, western blotting results verified that the haptoglobin was significantly downregulated by 1.17-fold compared with the control group. In addition, the expression of haptoglobin mRNA was significantly downregulated by 1.73-fold following gentamincin treatment. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of haptoglobin protein was associated with the activity of CIKs, and the results will be beneficial to the further investigation of CIK activity-enhancement mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Cao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Cong Chen
- Laboratory Department, The Second Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Gao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Li Hu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Xiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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15
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Contreras-Kallens P, Terraza C, Oyarce K, Gajardo T, Campos-Mora M, Barroilhet MT, Álvarez C, Fuentes R, Figueroa F, Khoury M, Pino-Lagos K. Mesenchymal stem cells and their immunosuppressive role in transplantation tolerance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1417:35-56. [PMID: 28700815 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since they were first described, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to have important effector mechanisms and the potential for use in cell therapy. A great deal of research has been focused on unveiling how MSCs contribute to anti-inflammatory responses, including describing several cell populations involved and identifying soluble and other effector molecules. In this review, we discuss some of the contemporary evidence for use of MSCs in the field of immune tolerance, with a special emphasis on transplantation. Although considerable effort has been devoted to understanding the biological function of MSCs, additional resources are required to clarify the mechanisms of their induction of immune tolerance, which will undoubtedly lead to improved clinical outcomes for MSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamina Contreras-Kallens
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Terraza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Oyarce
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tania Gajardo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Campos-Mora
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Teresa Barroilhet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Álvarez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Fuentes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Figueroa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile.,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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16
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De Luca L, Trino S, Laurenzana I, Lamorte D, Caivano A, Del Vecchio L, Musto P. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Role in Hematopoietic Transplantation? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051022. [PMID: 28486431 PMCID: PMC5454935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous cellular population containing different progenitors able to repair tissues, support hematopoiesis, and modulate immune and inflammatory responses. Several clinical trials have used MSCs in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) to prevent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) engraftment failure, reduce aplasia post chemotherapy, and to control graft versus host disease (GvHD). The efficacy of MSCs is linked to their immune suppressive and anti-inflammatory properties primarily due to the release of soluble factors. Recent studies indicate that most of these effects are mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-EVs have therefore therapeutic effects in regenerative medicine, tumor inhibition, and immune-regulation. MSC-EVs may offer specific advantages for patient safety, such as lower propensity to trigger innate and adaptive immune responses. It has been also shown that MSC-EVs can prevent or treat acute-GvHD by modulating the immune-response and, combined with HSCs, may contribute to the hematopoietic microenvironment reconstitution. Finally, MSC-EVs may provide a new potential therapeutic option (e.g., transplantation, gene therapy) for different diseases, particularly hematological malignancies. In this review, we will describe MSC and MSC-EVs role in improving allo-HSCT procedures and in treating GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana De Luca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Stefania Trino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Daniela Lamorte
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Antonella Caivano
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a r.l., 80147 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
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17
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Kumar A, Lau W, Starly B. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expansion on Three-Dimensional (3D) Printed Poly-Styrene (PS) Scaffolds in a Perfusion Bioreactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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18
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Skerget M, Skopec B, Zontar D, Cernelc P. Mobilization with cyclophosphamide reduces the number of lymphocyte subpopulations in the leukapheresis product and delays their reconstitution after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. Radiol Oncol 2016; 50:402-408. [PMID: 27904448 PMCID: PMC5120577 DOI: 10.1515/raon-2016-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is considered the standard of care for younger patients with multiple myeloma. Several mobilization regimens are currently used, most commonly growth factors alone or in combination with chemotherapy. The aim of our study was to investigate the differences in lymphocyte subpopulation counts between three different mobilization regimens on collection day, in the leukapheresis product and on day 15 after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total 48 patients were prospectively enrolled in three different mobilization regimens; (i) filgrastim (20), (ii) pegfilgrastim (19) and (iii) cyclophosphamide + filgrastim (9). Lymphocytes, CD16+/56+ natural killer and CD4+/CD25high T regulatory cells were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found a statistically significant difference between the mobilization regimens. Cyclophosphamide reduced lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell counts on collection day (lymphocytes 1.08 × 109/L; NK cells 0.07 × 109/L) compared to filgrastim (lymphocytes 3.08 × 109/L; NK cells 0.52 × 109/L) and pegfilgrastim (lymphocytes 3 × 109/L; NK cells 0.42 × 109/L). As a consequence lymphocyte and NK cell counts were also lower in the leukapheresis products following cyclophosphamide mobilization regimen (lymphocytes 50.1 × 109/L; NK cells 4.18 × 109/L) compared to filgrastim (lymphocytes 112 × 109/L; NK cells 17.5 × 109/L) and pegfilgrastim (lymphocytes 112 × 109/L; NK cells 14.3 × 109/L). In all mobilization regimens T regulatory cells increased 2-fold on collection day, regarding the base line value before mobilization. There was no difference in T regulatory cell counts between the regimens. CONCLUSIONS Mobilization with cyclophophamide reduces the number of mobilized and collected lymphocytes and NK cells as compared to mobilization with growth factors only and results in their delayed reconstitution following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We found no difference between filgrastim and pegfilgrastim mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matevz Skerget
- Department of hematology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Skopec
- Department of hematology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Zontar
- Department of hematology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Cernelc
- Department of hematology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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