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Han C, Yu G, Mao Y, Song S, Li L, Zhou L, Wang Z, Liu Y, Li M, Xu B. LPCAT1 enhances castration resistant prostate cancer progression via increased mRNA synthesis and PAF production. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240801. [PMID: 33137125 PMCID: PMC7605678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previously study shown that Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase1 (LPCAT1) is overexpressed in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) relative to primary prostate cancer (PCa), and androgen controls its expression via the Wnt signaling pathway. While highly expressed in CRPC, the role of LPCAT1 remains unclear. In vitro cell experiments referred to cell transfection, mutagenesis, proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle progression and apoptosis, Western blotting, Pulse-chase RNA labeling. BALB/c nude mice were used for in vivo experiments. We found that LPCAT1 overexpression enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRPC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Silencing of LPCAT1 reduced the proliferation and the invasive capabilities of CRPC cells. Providing exogenous PAF to LPCAT1 knockdown cells increased their invasive capabilities; however platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) and the PAFR antagonist ABT-491 both reversed this phenotype; proliferation of CRPC cells was not affected in either model. LPCAT1 was found to mediate CRPC growth via nuclear re-localization and Histone H4 palmitoylation in an androgen-dependent fashion, increasing mRNA synthesis rates. We also found that LPCAT1 overexpression led to CRPC cell resistance to treatment with paclitaxel. LPCAT1 overexpression in CRPC cells drives tumor progression via increased mRNA synthesis and PAF production. Our results highlight LPCAT1 as a viable therapeutic target in the context of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guopeng Yu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanshen Mao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangqing Song
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (BX); (YL); (ML)
| | - Minglun Li
- Urologic and Hematologic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail: (BX); (YL); (ML)
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (BX); (YL); (ML)
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Yao M, Xie C, Kiang MY, Teng Y, Harman D, Tiffen J, Wang Q, Sved P, Bao S, Witting P, Holst J, Dong Q. Targeting of cytosolic phospholipase A2α impedes cell cycle re-entry of quiescent prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:34458-74. [PMID: 26416244 PMCID: PMC4741466 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle re-entry of quiescent cancer cells has been proposed to be involved in cancer progression and recurrence. Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes membrane glycerophospholipids to release arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids that are implicated in cancer cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine the role of cPLA2α in cell cycle re-entry of quiescent prostate cancer cells. When PC-3 and LNCaP cells were rendered to a quiescent state, the active form of cPLA2α with a phosphorylation at Ser505 was lower compared to their proliferating state. Conversely, the phospho-cPLA2α levels were resurgent during the induction of cell cycle re-entry. Pharmacological inhibition of cPLA2α with Efipladib upon induction of cell cycle re-entry inhibited the re-entry process, as manifested by refrained DNA synthesis, persistent high proportion of cells in G0/G1 and low percentage of cells in S and G2/M phases, together with a stagnant recovery of Ki-67 expression. Simultaneously, Efipladib prohibited the emergence of Skp2 while maintained p27 at a high level in the nuclear compartment during cell cycle re-entry. Inhibition of cPLA2α also prevented an accumulation of cyclin D1/CDK4, cyclin E/CDK2, phospho-pRb, pre-replicative complex proteins CDC6, MCM7, ORC6 and DNA synthesis-related protein PCNA during induction of cell cycle re-entry. Moreover, a pre-treatment of the prostate cancer cells with Efipladib during induction of cell cycle re-entry subsequently compromised their tumorigenic capacity in vivo. Hence, cPLA2α plays an important role in cell cycle re-entry by quiescent prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Central Clinical School and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chanlu Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Central Clinical School and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Parramatta, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Mei-Yee Kiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Central Clinical School and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ying Teng
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Central Clinical School and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David Harman
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, University of Western Sydney, Parramatta, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Jessamy Tiffen
- Origins of Cancer Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Qian Wang
- Origins of Cancer Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Paul Sved
- Department of Urology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Shisan Bao
- Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Paul Witting
- Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Origins of Cancer Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Qihan Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Central Clinical School and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Parramatta, NSW 2751, Australia
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Ji W, Chen J, Mi Y, Wang G, Xu X, Wang W. Platelet-activating factor receptor activation promotes prostate cancer cell growth, invasion and metastasis via ERK1/2 pathway. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:181-8. [PMID: 27176648 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and its receptor (PAFR), have been reported to participate in many cellular processes of cancer. However, little is known about their function in prostate cancer. In the present study, we found that PAFR was overexpressed in prostate cancer cells. PAF stimulation dose-dependently promoted the invasion, migration and growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro, while knockdown of PAFR inhibited the effect of PAF on prostate cancer cells. We further found that PAFR promoted prostate cancer cell growth and metastasis in vivo. Moreover, we found that PAFR activation increased MMP-3 expression and decreased E-cadherin expression of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we found that PAFR time-dependently induced activation of ERK1/2, and ERK1/2 pathway contributed to PAFR-mediated prostate cancer cell invasion, migration and growth. Together, our findings demonstrate that PAFR can activate ERK1/2 pathway, and subsequently increase MMP-3 expression and decrease E-cadherin expression, which finally promote prostate cancer cell growth, invasion and metastasis. Thus, PAFR may act as a potential target for therapeutic use of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Ji
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Yucheng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Guanliang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Xinjian Xu
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
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Xu B, Gao L, Wang L, Tang G, He M, Yu Y, Ni X, Sun Y. Effects of platelet-activating factor and its differential regulation by androgens and steroid hormones in prostate cancers. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1279-86. [PMID: 23949154 PMCID: PMC3778313 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an arachidonic acid metabolite that plays an important role in cell proliferation, migration and neoangiogenesis, but whether it is involved in the progression of prostate cancer remains undiscovered. Methods: Clinical prostate specimens were investigated with immunohistochemistry method and in vitro cell experiments referred to MTS cell proliferation assay, invasion and migration experiment, quantitative real-time RT–PCR assay, western blotting analysis and ELISA assay. Results: Platelet-activating factor synthetase, lyso-PAF acetyl transferase (LPCAT1), increased significantly in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) specimens and CRPC PC-3 cells than that in controls. Intriguingly, PAF induced invasion and migration of PC-3 cells but not LNCaP cells. The PAF receptor antagonist inhibited proliferation of LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment caused a decrease in LPCAT1 expression and PAF release in LNCaP cells, which could be blocked by androgen receptor antagonists. Finally, DHT increased LPCAT1 expression and PAF release in PC-3 cells in a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent manner. Conclusion: For the first time, our data supported that PAF might play pivotal roles in the progression of prostate cancer, which might throw a new light on the treatment of prostate cancer and the prevention of the emergence of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Xu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
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