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Huber RJ, Kim WD. Trafficking of adhesion and aggregation-modulating proteins during the early stages of Dictyostelium development. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111292. [PMID: 38986731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum has been studied for close to a century to better understand conserved cellular and developmental processes. The life cycle of this model eukaryote is composed of a unicellular growth phase and a multicellular developmental phase that is induced by starvation. When starved, individual cells undergo chemotactic aggregation to form multicellular mounds that develop into slugs. Terminal differentiation of cells within slugs forms fruiting bodies, each composed of a stalk that supports a mass of viable spores that germinate and restart the life cycle when nutrients become available. Calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein A (CadA) and countin (CtnA) are two proteins that regulate adhesion and aggregation, respectively, during the early stages of D. discoideum development. While the functions of these proteins have been well-studied, the mechanisms regulating their trafficking are not fully understood. In this study, we reveal pathways and cellular components that regulate the intracellular and extracellular amounts of CadA and CtnA during aggregation. During growth and starvation, CtnA localizes to cytoplasmic vesicles and punctae. We show that CtnA is glycosylated and this post-translational modification is required for its secretion. Upon autophagy induction, a signal peptide for secretion facilitates the release of CtnA from cells via a pathway involving the μ subunit of the AP3 complex (Apm3) and the WASP and SCAR homolog, WshA. Additionally, CtnA secretion is negatively regulated by the D. discoideum orthologs of the human non-selective cation channel mucolipin-1 (Mcln) and sorting receptor sortilin (Sort1). As for CadA, it localizes to the cell periphery in growth-phase and starved cells. The intracellular and extracellular amounts of CadA are modulated by autophagy genes (atg1, atg9), Apm3, WshA, and Mcln. We integrate these data with previously published findings to generate a comprehensive model summarizing the trafficking of CadA and CtnA in D. discoideum. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of protein trafficking during D. discoideum aggregation, and more broadly, provides insight into the multiple pathways that regulate protein trafficking and secretion in all eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Huber
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
| | - William D Kim
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Huber RJ, Kim WD, Wilson-Smillie MLDM. Mechanisms regulating the intracellular trafficking and release of CLN5 and CTSD. Traffic 2024; 25:e12925. [PMID: 38272448 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal 5 (CLN5) and cathepsin D (CTSD) are soluble lysosomal enzymes that also localize extracellularly. In humans, homozygous mutations in CLN5 and CTSD cause CLN5 disease and CLN10 disease, respectively, which are two subtypes of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (commonly known as Batten disease). The mechanisms regulating the intracellular trafficking of CLN5 and CTSD and their release from cells are not well understood. Here, we used the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum as a model system to examine the pathways and cellular components that regulate the intracellular trafficking and release of the D. discoideum homologs of human CLN5 (Cln5) and CTSD (CtsD). We show that both Cln5 and CtsD contain signal peptides for secretion that facilitate their release from cells. Like Cln5, extracellular CtsD is glycosylated. In addition, Cln5 release is regulated by the amount of extracellular CtsD. Autophagy induction promotes the release of Cln5, and to a lesser extent CtsD. Release of Cln5 requires the autophagy proteins Atg1, Atg5, and Atg9, as well as autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion. Atg1 and Atg5 are required for the release of CtsD. Together, these data support a model where Cln5 and CtsD are actively released from cells via their signal peptides for secretion and pathways linked to autophagy. The release of Cln5 and CtsD from cells also requires microfilaments and the D. discoideum homologs of human AP-3 complex mu subunit, the lysosomal-trafficking regulator LYST, mucopilin-1, and the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome-associated protein WASH, which all regulate lysosomal exocytosis in this model organism. These findings suggest that lysosomal exocytosis also facilitates the release of Cln5 and CtsD from cells. In addition, we report the roles of ABC transporters, microtubules, osmotic stress, and the putative D. discoideum homologs of human sortilin and cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor in regulating the intracellular/extracellular distribution of Cln5 and CtsD. In total, this study identifies the cellular mechanisms regulating the release of Cln5 and CtsD from D. discoideum cells and provides insight into how altered trafficking of CLN5 and CTSD causes disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Huber
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - William D Kim
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Tanaka Y, Hino H, Takeya K, Eto M. Abemaciclib and Vacuolin-1 induce vacuole-like autolysosome formation – A new tool to study autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 614:191-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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4
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Draberova L, Tumova M, Draber P. Molecular Mechanisms of Mast Cell Activation by Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670205. [PMID: 34248949 PMCID: PMC8260682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are potent immune sensors of the tissue microenvironment. Within seconds of activation, they release various preformed biologically active products and initiate the process of de novo synthesis of cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators. This process is regulated at multiple levels. Besides the extensively studied IgE and IgG receptors, toll-like receptors, MRGPR, and other protein receptor signaling pathways, there is a critical activation pathway based on cholesterol-dependent, pore-forming cytolytic exotoxins produced by Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. This pathway is initiated by binding the exotoxins to the cholesterol-rich membrane, followed by their dimerization, multimerization, pre-pore formation, and pore formation. At low sublytic concentrations, the exotoxins induce mast cell activation, including degranulation, intracellular calcium concentration changes, and transcriptional activation, resulting in production of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. Higher toxin concentrations lead to cell death. Similar activation events are observed when mast cells are exposed to sublytic concentrations of saponins or some other compounds interfering with the membrane integrity. We review the molecular mechanisms of mast cell activation by pore-forming bacterial exotoxins, and other compounds inducing cholesterol-dependent plasma membrane perturbations. We discuss the importance of these signaling pathways in innate and acquired immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubica Draberova
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Magda Tumova
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Draber
- Department of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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5
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Ye Z, Wang D, Lu Y, He Y, Yu J, Wei W, Chen C, Wang R, Zhang L, Zhang L, Le MTN, Cho WC, Yang M, Zhang H, Yue J. Vacuolin-1 inhibits endosomal trafficking and metastasis via CapZβ. Oncogene 2021; 40:1775-1791. [PMID: 33564074 PMCID: PMC7946642 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the fundamental cause of cancer mortality, but there are still very few anti-metastatic drugs available. Endosomal trafficking has been implicated in tumor metastasis, and we have previously found that small chemical vacuolin-1 (V1) potently inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion and general endosomal-lysosomal degradation. Here, we assessed the anti-metastatic activity of V1 both in vitro and in vivo. V1 significantly inhibits colony formation, migration, and invasion of various cancer cells in vitro. It also compromises the assembly-disassembly dynamics of focal adhesions (FAs) by inhibiting the recycling and degradation of integrins. In various experimental or transgenic mouse models, V1 significantly suppresses the metastasis and/or tumor growth of breast cancer or melanoma. We further identified capping protein Zβ (CapZβ) as a V1 binding protein and showed that it is required for the V1-mediated inhibition of migration and metastasis of cancer cells. Collectively, our results indicate that V1 targets CapZβ to inhibit endosomal trafficking and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuodong Ye
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunjiao He
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingting Yu
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjie Wei
- Research Core Facilities, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Minh T N Le
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China.
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6
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Chelombitko MA, Chernyak BV, Fedorov AV, Zinovkin RA, Razin E, Paruchuru LB. The Role Played by Mitochondria in FcεRI-Dependent Mast Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584210. [PMID: 33178217 PMCID: PMC7596649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells play a key role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and are involved in pathogenesis of many inflammatory and allergic diseases. The most studied mechanism of mast cell activation is mediated by the interaction of antigens with immunoglobulin E (IgE) and a subsequent binding with the high-affinity receptor Fc epsilon RI (FcεRI). Increasing evidences indicated that mitochondria are actively involved in the FcεRI-dependent activation of this type of cells. Here, we discuss changes in energy metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics during IgE-antigen stimulation of mast cells. We reviewed the recent data with regards to the role played by mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial calcium ions (Ca2+) influx and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mast cell FcεRI-dependent activation. Additionally, in the present review we have discussed the crucial role played by the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in the development and function of mast cells. These two transcription factors besides their nuclear localization were also found to translocate in to the mitochondria and functions as direct modulators of mitochondrial activity. Studying the role played by mast cell mitochondria following their activation is essential for expanding our basic knowledge about mast cell physiological functions and would help to design mitochondria-targeted anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Chelombitko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V. Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem V. Fedorov
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman A. Zinovkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ehud Razin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lakhsmi Bhargavi Paruchuru
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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7
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Kunishige R, Kano F, Murata M. The cell resealing technique for manipulating, visualizing, and elucidating molecular functions in living cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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8
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Tanzer MC, Frauenstein A, Stafford CA, Phulphagar K, Mann M, Meissner F. Quantitative and Dynamic Catalogs of Proteins Released during Apoptotic and Necroptotic Cell Death. Cell Rep 2020; 30:1260-1270.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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9
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Kano F, Murata M. Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate-mediated actin domain formation linked to DNA synthesis upon insulin treatment in rat hepatoma-derived H4IIEC3 cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:793-805. [PMID: 30742930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) is a lipid that accumulates in the early endosomal membrane, and acts as a scaffold to recruit proteins that contain a PI3P-binding domain, such as the FYVE domain. In this study, we examined the effect of PI3P depletion on the insulin response in rat hepatoma-derived H4IIEC3 cells. We found that insulin treatment induced the transient formation of an actin domain structure, a mesh-like tangled network of actin filaments where phosphorylated Akt, endosomal proteins, and PI3P accumulated. Actin domain formation was repressed by the depletion of PI3P by SAR405, an inhibitor of the class III PI3 kinase, Vps34, by the inhibition of PI3P function by the competitive binding of an excess amount of GST-fused 2xFYVE protein to intracellular PI3P, and by the use of diabetic model cells, in which PI3P was depleted. SAR405 did not affect the phosphorylation level of Akt, and the transcriptional regulation of gluconeogenic and cholesterol synthetic genes after insulin treatment. Interestingly, insulin-induced DNA synthesis was specifically inhibited by SAR405, cytochalasin B, and also in diabetic model cells. These results suggest that PI3P is required for the formation of actin domains, which affected a signaling pathway downstream of Akt associated with DNA synthesis in H4IIEC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Kano
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Laboratory of Frontier Image Analysis, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Laboratory of Frontier Image Analysis, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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10
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Li T, Yue J, Huang L, Yang M. Autophagy inhibitor Vacuolin-1 interferes with lipid-based small interference RNA delivery. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:427-434. [PMID: 30732855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy and endocytosis are important pathways regulating macromolecule recycling and regeneration. Small molecule inhibitors are utilized to modulate these pathways and to treat autophagy-related diseases. Vacuolin-1 is a small molecule that can potently and reversibly inhibit autophagy by activating Rab5. In addition, Vacuolin-1 can be applied to inhibit exocytosis in a variety of cell types. Here we report that Vacuolin-1 significantly reduces small interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing delivered by liposome transfection reagent or lipid nanoparticles in Hela cells. Vacuolin-1 exhibits the strongest inhibition effect among a few autophagy inhibitors including Chloroquine, Wortmannin, and Bafilomycin A1. We found that siRNAs are over-accumulated intracellularly and colocalized with a late endosome marker Rab7 in Vacuolin-1 treated cells, suggesting Vacuolin-1 inhibits the cytoplasmic release of lipid siRNA complexes from late endosomes. We propose that Vacuolin-1 could potentially be used to control the effects of lipid nanoparticle-based RNAi and gene therapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhong Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linfeng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Biotechnology and Health Centre, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, 8 Yuexing 1st Road, Shenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Biotechnology and Health Centre, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, 8 Yuexing 1st Road, Shenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China.
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11
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Goodridge JP, Jacobs B, Saetersmoen ML, Clement D, Hammer Q, Clancy T, Skarpen E, Brech A, Landskron J, Grimm C, Pfefferle A, Meza-Zepeda L, Lorenz S, Wiiger MT, Louch WE, Ask EH, Liu LL, Oei VYS, Kjällquist U, Linnarsson S, Patel S, Taskén K, Stenmark H, Malmberg KJ. Remodeling of secretory lysosomes during education tunes functional potential in NK cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:514. [PMID: 30705279 PMCID: PMC6355880 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory signaling during natural killer (NK) cell education translates into increased responsiveness to activation; however, the intracellular mechanism for functional tuning by inhibitory receptors remains unclear. Secretory lysosomes are part of the acidic lysosomal compartment that mediates intracellular signalling in several cell types. Here we show that educated NK cells expressing self-MHC specific inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) accumulate granzyme B in dense-core secretory lysosomes that converge close to the centrosome. This discrete morphological phenotype is independent of transcriptional programs that regulate effector function, metabolism and lysosomal biogenesis. Meanwhile, interference of signaling from acidic Ca2+ stores in primary NK cells reduces target-specific Ca2+-flux, degranulation and cytokine production. Furthermore, inhibition of PI(3,5)P2 synthesis, or genetic silencing of the PI(3,5)P2-regulated lysosomal Ca2+-channel TRPML1, leads to increased granzyme B and enhanced functional potential, thereby mimicking the educated state. These results indicate an intrinsic role for lysosomal remodeling in NK cell education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie P Goodridge
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedikt Jacobs
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michelle L Saetersmoen
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis Clement
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Quirin Hammer
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Trevor Clancy
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Skarpen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Brech
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johannes Landskron
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian Grimm
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Aline Pfefferle
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonardo Meza-Zepeda
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0310, Norway.,Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0310, Norway
| | - Susanne Lorenz
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0310, Norway
| | - Merete Thune Wiiger
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind Heggernes Ask
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa L Liu
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vincent Yi Sheng Oei
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Una Kjällquist
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Linnarsson
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway. .,Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Jimenez AJ, Perez F. Physico-chemical and biological considerations for membrane wound evolution and repair in animal cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 45:2-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Lu Y, Dong S, Hao B, Li C, Zhu K, Guo W, Wang Q, Cheung KH, Wong CWM, Wu WT, Markus H, Yue J. Vacuolin-1 potently and reversibly inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion by activating RAB5A. Autophagy 2014; 10:1895-905. [PMID: 25483964 PMCID: PMC4502727 DOI: 10.4161/auto.32200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic lysosomal degradation process essential for cellular homeostasis and cell survival. Dysfunctional autophagy has been associated with a wide range of human diseases, e.g., cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. A large number of small molecules that modulate autophagy have been widely used to dissect this process and some of them, e.g., chloroquine (CQ), might be ultimately applied to treat a variety of autophagy-associated human diseases. Here we found that vacuolin-1 potently and reversibly inhibited the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes in mammalian cells, thereby inducing the accumulation of autophagosomes. Interestingly, vacuolin-1 was less toxic but at least 10-fold more potent in inhibiting autophagy compared with CQ. Vacuolin-1 treatment also blocked the fusion between endosomes and lysosomes, resulting in a defect in general endosomal-lysosomal degradation. Treatment of cells with vacuolin-1 alkalinized lysosomal pH and decreased lysosomal Ca2+ content. Besides marginally inhibiting vacuolar ATPase activity, vacuolin-1 treatment markedly activated RAB5A GTPase activity. Expression of a dominant negative mutant of RAB5A or RAB5A knockdown significantly inhibited vacuolin-1-induced autophagosome-lysosome fusion blockage, whereas expression of a constitutive active form of RAB5A suppressed autophagosome-lysosome fusion. These data suggest that vacuolin-1 activates RAB5A to block autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Vacuolin-1 and its analogs present a novel class of drug that can potently and reversibly modulate autophagy.
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Key Words
- ATG, autophagy-related
- BAF, bafilomycin A1
- CQ, chloroquine
- CTSB, cathepsin B
- CTSL, cathepsin L
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- GPN, glycyl-l-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide
- LAMP1, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1
- Leup, leupeptin
- MAP1LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
- MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
- RAB5A
- RFP, red fluorescent protein
- autophagosomes
- endosomes
- lysosomes
- pH
- tfLC3, tandem fluorescence-tagged LC3
- vacuolin-1
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lu
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences ; City University of Hong Kong ; Hong Kong , China
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14
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Finn DF, Walsh JJ. Twenty-first century mast cell stabilizers. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:23-37. [PMID: 23441583 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cell stabilizing drugs inhibit the release of allergic mediators from mast cells and are used clinically to prevent allergic reactions to common allergens. Despite the relative success of the most commonly prescribed mast cell stabilizer, disodium cromoglycate, in use for the preventative treatment of bronchial asthma, allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis, there still remains an urgent need to design new substances that are less expensive and require less frequent dosing schedules. In this regard, recent developments towards the discovery of the next generation of mast cell stabilizing drugs has included studies on substances isolated from natural sources, biological, newly synthesized compounds and drugs licensed for other indications. The diversity of natural products evaluated range from simple phenols, alkaloids, terpenes to simple amino acids. While in some cases their precise mode of action remains unknown it has nevertheless sparked interest in the development of synthetic derivatives with improved pharmacological properties. Within the purely synthetic class of inhibitors, particular attention has been devoted to the inhibition of important signalling molecules including spleen TK and JAK3. The statin class of cholesterol-lowering drugs as well as nilotinib, a TK inhibitor, are just some examples of clinically used drugs that have been evaluated for their anti-allergic properties. Here, we examine each approach under investigation, summarize the test data generated and offer suggestions for further preclinical evaluation before their therapeutic potential can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Finn
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zhu K. Inhibition of glioma cell lysosome exocytosis inhibits glioma invasion. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45910. [PMID: 23029308 PMCID: PMC3461042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells invade by secreting enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix and these are sequestered in lysosomal vesicles. In this study, the effects of the selective lysosome lysing drug GPN and the lysosome exocytosis inhibitor vacuolin-1 on lysosome exocytosis were studied to determine their effect on glioma cell migration and invasion. Both GPN and vacuolin-1 evidently inhibited migration and invasion in transwell experiments and scratch experiments. There are more lysosomes located on the cell membrane of glioma cells than of astrocytes. GPN decreased the lysosome number on the cell membrane. We found that rab27A was expressed in glioma cells, and colocalized with cathepsin D in lysosome. RNAi-Rab27A inhibited lysosome cathepsin D exocytosis and glioma cell invasion in an in vitro assay. Inhibition of cathepsin D inhibited glioma cell migration. The data suggest that the inhibition of lysosome exocytosis from glioma cells plays an important modulatory role in their migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijiang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keqing Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Kano F, Nakatsu D, Noguchi Y, Yamamoto A, Murata M. A resealed-cell system for analyzing pathogenic intracellular events: perturbation of endocytic pathways under diabetic conditions. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44127. [PMID: 22952896 PMCID: PMC3430665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based assay systems that can serve as cellular models of aberrant function in pathogenic organs would be novel and useful tools for screening drugs and clarifying the molecular mechanisms of various diseases. We constructed model cells that replicated the conditions in diabetic hepatocytes by using the cell resealing technique, which enables the exchange of cytosol. The plasma membrane of HeLa cells was permeabilized with the streptococcal toxin streptolysin O, and cytosol that had been prepared from wild-type or db/db diabetic mice was introduced into the resulting semi-intact cells. By resealing the plasma membrane by exposure to Ca2+, we created WT or Db model cells, in which the cytosolic conditions replicated those of healthy or diabetic liver. Interestingly, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was promoted, whereas the level of endosomal phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate was decreased, in Db cells. We investigated several endocytic pathways in WT and Db cells, and found that retrograde endosome-to-Golgi transport was delayed in a p38 MAPK-dependent manner in Db cells. Furthermore, the degradation pathway of the EGF receptor from endosomes to lysosomes was enhanced in Db cells, and this did not depend on the activation of p38 MAPK. The disease model cell system should become a powerful tool for the detection of aberrant processes in cells under pathogenic conditions and for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Kano
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daiki Nakatsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Noguchi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akitsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Los FCO, Kao CY, Smitham J, McDonald KL, Ha C, Peixoto CA, Aroian RV. RAB-5- and RAB-11-dependent vesicle-trafficking pathways are required for plasma membrane repair after attack by bacterial pore-forming toxin. Cell Host Microbe 2011; 9:147-57. [PMID: 21320697 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) secreted by pathogenic bacteria are the most common bacterial protein toxins and are important virulence factors for infection. PFTs punch holes in host cell plasma membranes, and although cells can counteract the resulting membrane damage, the underlying mechanisms at play remain unclear. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, we demonstrate in vivo and in an intact epithelium that intestinal cells respond to PFTs by increasing levels of endocytosis, dependent upon RAB-5 and RAB-11, which are master regulators of endocytic and exocytic events. Furthermore, we find that RAB-5 and RAB-11 are required for protection against PFT and to restore integrity to the plasma membrane. One physical mechanism involved is the RAB-11-dependent expulsion of microvilli from the apical side of the intestinal epithelial cells. Specific vesicle-trafficking pathways thus protect cells against an attack by PFTs on plasma membrane integrity, via altered plasma membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand C O Los
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0322, USA
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