1
|
Emerging Role of Plant-Based Dietary Components in Post-Translational Modifications Associated with Colorectal Cancer. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020264. [PMID: 36836621 PMCID: PMC9962725 DOI: 10.3390/life13020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Its main modifiable risk factors are diet, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Thus, the right approach through lifestyle changes may lead to its prevention. In fact, some natural dietary components have exhibited chemopreventive activity through modulation of cellular processes involved in CRC development. Although cancer is a multi-factorial process, the study of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins associated with CRC has recently gained interest, as inappropriate modification is closely related to the activation of cell signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, this review aimed to collect the main PTMs associated with CRC, analyse the relationship between different proteins that are susceptible to inappropriate PTMs, and review the available scientific literature on the role of plant-based dietary compounds in modulating CRC-associated PTMs. In summary, this review suggested that some plant-based dietary components such as phenols, flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, and alkaloids may be able to correct the inappropriate PTMs associated with CRC and promote apoptosis in tumour cells.
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Z, Wang L, Zhao L, Wang Q, Yang C, Zhang M, Wang B, Jiang K, Ye Y, Wang S, Shen Z. N6-methyladenosine demethylase ALKBH5 suppresses colorectal cancer progression potentially by decreasing PHF20 mRNA methylation. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e940. [PMID: 35979628 PMCID: PMC9386323 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the most widespread mRNAs modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) is dynamically and reversibly modulated by methyltransferases and demethylases. ALKBH5 is a major demethylase, and plays vital roles in the progression of cancers. However, the role and mechanisms of ALKBH5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. RESULTS Herein, we discovered that in CRC, downregulated ALKBH5 was closely related to poor prognosis of CRC patients. Functionally, our results demonstrated that knockdown of ALKBH5 enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of LOVO and RKO in vitro, while overexpression of ALKBH5 inhibited the functions of these cells. The results also demonstrated that knockdown of ALKBH5 promoted subcutaneous tumorigenesis of LOVO in vivo, while overexpression of ALKBH5 suppressed this ability. Mechanistically, results from joint analyses of MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq indicated that PHF20 mRNA was a key molecule that was regulated by ALKBH5-mediated m6 A modification. Further experiments indicated that ALKBH5 may inhibit stability of PHF20 mRNA by removing the m6 A modification of PHF20 mRNA 3'UTR. CONCLUSIONS ALKBH5 suppresses CRC progression by decreasing PHF20 mRNA methylation. ALKBH5-mediated m6 A modification of PHF20 mRNA can serve as a hopeful strategy for the intervention and treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Medical OncologyAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Changjiang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Kewei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yingjiang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zhanlong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Surgical OncologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment ResearchPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shen W, Jiang W, Ye S, Sun M, Yang H, Shan B. Identification of epigenetic genes for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response of ovarian cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2022; 52:742-751. [PMID: 35435215 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic factors play a critical role in tumour development and progression. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a robust epigenetic gene set-based signature for predicting prognosis of ovarian cancer. METHODS By using LASSO Cox regression model, we screened out the most useful prognostic epigenetic factors and a prognostic signature was developed based on them. Survival receiver operating characteristic was used to test the prognostic accuracy of signature in training and validation sets. The associations between the risk scores and immune cell infiltration, tumour purity, immune checkpoint inhibitor genes expression were also assessed in ovarian cancer . RESULTS A total of 26 epigenetic factors were identified to develop the prognostic signature. In the training set, the prognosis of high-risk patients was strikingly poorer than that of low-risk patients (hazard ratio: 2.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.65-2.72, P < 0.001). Similar results were further observed in the internal validation set (hazard ratio: 1.69, 95% confidence interval: 1.07-2.63, P = 0.020) and external validation set (hazard ratio:1.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.41-2.69; P < 0.001). Survival receiver operating characteristic at 5 year showed the epigenetic signature (area under the curve = 0.700) performed better than other clinical features in predicting prognosis. Distinct difference in immune activation related pathways, immune cells infiltration, tumour purity reflected by immune and stromal score and immune checkpoint inhibitor genes gene expression was observed between high- and low-risk samples. CONCLUSIONS This study constructed an epigenetic signature that was capable of predicting postoperative outcomes and may also serve as potential biomarker for immunotherapy responses for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Shen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan Univeristy Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan Univeristy Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Ye
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan Univeristy Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan Univeristy Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan Univeristy Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Boer Shan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan Univeristy Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Phosphodiesterase 11 A (PDE11A), a potential biomarker for glioblastoma. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:409-415. [DOI: 10.1007/s43188-022-00129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
5
|
Ma Q, Long W, Xing C, Jiang C, Su J, Wang HY, Liu Q, Wang RF. PHF20 Promotes Glioblastoma Cell Malignancies Through a WISP1/ BGN-Dependent Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:573318. [PMID: 33117706 PMCID: PMC7574681 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.573318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) stem cells are resistant to cancer therapy, and therefore responsible for tumor progression and recurrence after conventional therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms driving the maintenance of stemness and dedifferentiation are poorly understood. In this study, we identified plant homeodomain finger-containing protein 20 (PHF20) as a crucial epigenetic regulator for sustaining the stem cell-like phenotype of GBM. It is highly expressed in GBM and tightly associated with high levels of aggressiveness of tumors and potential poor prognosis in GBM patients. Knockout of PHF20 inhibits GBM cell proliferation, as well as its invasiveness and stem cell-like traits. Mechanistically, PHF20 interacts with WDR5 and binds to the promoter regions of WISP1 for its expression. Subsequently, WISP1 and BGN act in concert to regulate the degradation of β-Catenin. Our findings have identified PHF20 as a key driver of GBM malignant behaviors, and provided a potential target for developing prognosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianquan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurosurgery in the Third Hospital of Peking University, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wenyong Long
- Department of Neurosurgery in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changsheng Xing
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chongming Jiang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun Su
- Department of Neurosurgery in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Helen Y Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu D, Zhang XX, Li MC, Cao CH, Wan DY, Xi BX, Tan JH, Wang J, Yang ZY, Feng XX, Ye F, Chen G, Wu P, Xi L, Wang H, Zhou JF, Feng ZH, Ma D, Gao QL. C/EBPβ enhances platinum resistance of ovarian cancer cells by reprogramming H3K79 methylation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1739. [PMID: 29712898 PMCID: PMC5928165 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major unmet clinical obstacle in ovarian cancer treatment. Epigenetics plays a pivotal role in regulating the malignant phenotype, and has the potential in developing therapeutically valuable targets that improve the dismal outcome of this disease. Here we show that a series of transcription factors, including C/EBPβ, GCM1, and GATA1, could act as potential modulators of histone methylation in tumor cells. Of note, C/EBPβ, an independent prognostic factor for patients with ovarian cancer, mediates an important mechanism through which epigenetic enzyme modifies groups of functionally related genes in a context-dependent manner. By recruiting the methyltransferase DOT1L, C/EBPβ can maintain an open chromatin state by H3K79 methylation of multiple drug-resistance genes, thereby augmenting the chemoresistance of tumor cells. Therefore, we propose a new path against cancer epigenetics in which identifying and targeting the key regulators of epigenetics such as C/EBPβ may provide more precise therapeutic options in ovarian cancer. In ovarian cancer, the mechanism of chemoresistance is a key question. Here, the authors demonstrate that C/EBPβ and DOT1L together increase methylation of H3K79, which upregulates expression of oncogenic genes and drives poor platinum response and poor survival in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xue Zhang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Chen Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Can-Hui Cao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yi Wan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Xin Xi
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hong Tan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Yuan Yang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xia Feng
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ye
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xi
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Zhou
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo-Hua Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Lei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
S6 kinase 1 plays a key role in mitochondrial morphology and cellular energy flow. Cell Signal 2018; 48:13-24. [PMID: 29673648 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial morphology, which is associated with changes in metabolism, cell cycle, cell development and cell death, is tightly regulated by the balance between fusion and fission. In this study, we found that S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) contributes to mitochondrial dynamics, homeostasis and function. Mouse embryo fibroblasts lacking S6K1 (S6K1-KO MEFs) exhibited more fragmented mitochondria and a higher level of Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) and active Drp1 (pS616) in both whole cell extracts and mitochondrial fraction. In addition, there was no evidence for autophagy and mitophagy induction in S6K1 depleted cells. Glycolysis and mitochondrial respiratory activity was higher in S6K1-KO MEFs, whereas OxPhos ATP production was not altered. However, inhibition of Drp1 by Mdivi1 (Drp1 inhibitor) resulted in higher OxPhos ATP production and lower mitochondrial membrane potential. Taken together the depletion of S6K1 increased Drp1-mediated fission, leading to the enhancement of glycolysis. The fission form of mitochondria resulted in lower yield for OxPhos ATP production as well as in higher mitochondrial membrane potential. Thus, these results have suggested a potential role of S6K1 in energy metabolism by modulating mitochondrial respiratory capacity and mitochondrial morphology.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee H, Kim M, Park J, Tran Q, Hong Y, Cho H, Park S, Hong S, Brazil DP, Kim SH, Park J. The roles of TRIO and F-actin-binding protein in glioblastoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4540-4546. [PMID: 29363730 PMCID: PMC5802229 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
TRIO and F-actin-binding protein (TrioBP), which was initially discovered as a binding partner of Trio and F-actin, is a critical factor associated with hearing loss in humans. However, the function of TrioBP in cancer has not been investigated. In the present study, TrioBP expression was indicated to be highly elevated in U87-MG and U343-MG cells. Furthermore, the TrioBP mRNA expression level was markedly increased in U87-MG and U251-MG cells compared with that in cerebral cortex cells, as determined by deep sequencing. Comprehensive analysis of a public TCGA dataset confirmed that TrioBP expression is elevated in patients with glioblastoma. In summary, the present data indicate that TrioBP expression is increased in glioblastoma cell lines and in patients with glioma, suggesting that TrioBP has potential as a diagnostic marker or therapeutic agent for glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngeun Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjeong Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Suntaek Hong
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Gyeonggi‑do 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Derek P Brazil
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam‑do 35015, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu T, Zhang T, Zhou F, Wang J, Zhai X, Mu N, Park J, Liu M, Liu W, Shang P, Ding Y, Wen A, Li Y. Identification of genes and pathways potentially related to PHF20 by gene expression profile analysis of glioblastoma U87 cell line. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:87. [PMID: 29033691 PMCID: PMC5628484 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive brain tumor associated with a poor prognosis. Plant homeodomain finger protein 20 (PHF20) is highly expressed in primary human gliomas and its expression is associated with tumor grade. However, the molecular mechanism by which PHF20 regulates glioblastoma remains poorly understood. Methods Genome wide gene expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in U87 cells with PHF20 gene knockdown. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the functions and pathways of DEGs. Pathway-net and signal-net analyses were conducted to identify the key genes and pathways related to PHF20. Results Expression of 540 genes, including FEN1 and CCL3, were significantly altered upon PHF20 gene silencing. GO analysis results showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in small molecule metabolic and apoptotic processes. Pathway analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly involved in cancer and metabolic pathways. The MAPK, apoptosis and p53 signaling pathways were identified as the hub pathways in the pathway network, while PLCB1, NRAS and PIK3 s were hub genes in the signaling network. Conclusions Our findings indicated that PHF20 is a pivotal upstream regulator. It affects the occurrence and development of glioma by regulating a series of tumor-related genes, such as FEN1, CCL3, PLCB1, NRAS and PIK3s, and activation of apoptosis signaling pathways. Therefore, PHF20 might be a novel biomarker for early diagnosis, and a potential target for glioblastoma therapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-017-0459-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jitao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University, Daejon, South Korea
| | - Minna Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenxing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijin Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
PHF20 positively regulates osteoblast differentiation via increasing the expression and activation of Runx2 with enrichment of H3K4me3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8060. [PMID: 28808306 PMCID: PMC5556080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant homeodomain finger protein 20 (PHF20), a methyl lysine effector protein, is a component MOF-NSL lysine acetyltranferase complex. Global deletion of PHF20 has shown spinal bone defects and reduced skeletal formation. However, the molecular basis of PHF20 involved in skeletal development has not been elucidated yet. The objective of this study was to determine the role of PHF20 in osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Expression of PHF20 was gradually increased during osteoblast differentiation. Overexpression of PHF20 enhanced ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation as well as the expression of osteogenic markers including Runx2. In contrast, inhibition of PHF20 expression reduced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Mechanistically, PHF20 increased the promoter activity of osteogenic genes including Og2, Alp, and Bsp through direct association with Runx2. Moreover, PHF20 increased the enrichment of H3K4me3 on the promoter of Runx2 followed by increased Runx2 promoter activity. Interestingly, Bix-01294, a histone methylation inhibitor, decreased mineralized nodule formation through decreasing the levels of H3K4me3 and Runx2. Overexpression of PHF20 restored the Bix-01294 effects. Taken together, these results indicate that methyl lysine-binding protein PHF20 might be a novel regulator of osteoblast differentiation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lee H, Park J, Tran Q, Kim D, Hong Y, Cho H, Kwon SH, Brazil D, Kim SH, Park J. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is upregulated in glioma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3781-3786. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
12
|
Park J, Lee H, Tran Q, Mun K, Kim D, Hong Y, Kwon SH, Brazil D, Park J, Kim SH. Recognition of Transmembrane Protein 39A as a Tumor-Specific Marker in Brain Tumor. Toxicol Res 2017; 33:63-69. [PMID: 28133515 PMCID: PMC5266369 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2017.33.1.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protein 39A (TMEM39A) belongs to the TMEM39 family. TMEM39A gene is a susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis. In addition, TMEM39A seems to be implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus. However, any possible involvement of TMEM39A in cancer remains largely unknown. In the present report, we provide evidence that TMEM39A may play a role in brain tumors. Western blotting using an anti-TMEM39A antibody indicated that TMEM39A was overexpressed in glioblastoma cell lines, including U87-MG and U251-MG. Deep-sequencing transcriptomic profiling of U87-MG and U251-MG cells revealed that TMEM39A transcripts were upregulated in such cells compared with those of the cerebral cortex. Confocal microscopic analysis of U251-MG cells stained with anti-TMEM39A antibody showed that TMEM39A was located in dot-like structures lying close to the nucleus. TMEM39A probably located to mitochondria or to endosomes. Immunohistochemical analysis of glioma tissue specimens indicated that TMEM39A was markedly upregulated in such samples. Bioinformatic analysis of the Rembrandt knowledge base also supported upregulation of TMEM39A mRNA levels in glioma patients. Together, the results afford strong evidence that TMEM39A is upregulated in glioma cell lines and glioma tissue specimens. Therefore, TMEM39A may serve as a novel diagnostic marker of, and a therapeutic target for, gliomas and other cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kisun Mun
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dohoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Youngeun Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - So Hee Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Derek Brazil
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Park J, Tran Q, Mun K, Masuda K, Kwon SH, Kim SH, Kim DH, Thomas G, Park J. Involvement of S6K1 in mitochondria function and structure in HeLa cells. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1904-1915. [PMID: 27634387 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The major biological function of mitochondria is to generate cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation. Apart from cellular respiration, mitochondria also play a key role in signaling processes, including aging and cancer metabolism. It has been shown that S6K1-knockout mice are resistant to obesity due to enhanced beta-oxidation, with an increased number of large mitochondria. Therefore, in this report, the possible involvement of S6K1 in regulating mitochondria dynamics and function has been investigated in stable lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells. Interestingly, S6K1-stably depleted HeLa cells showed phenotypical changes in mitochondria morphology. This observation was further confirmed by detailed image analysis of mitochondria shape. Corresponding molecular changes were also observed in these cells, such as the induction of mitochondrial fission proteins (Drp1 and Fis1). Oxygen consumption is elevated in S6K1-depeleted HeLa cells and FL5.12 cells. In addition, S6K1 depletion leads to enhancement of ATP production in cytoplasm and mitochondria. However, the relative ratio of mitochondrial ATP to cytoplasmic ATP is actually decreased in lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells compared to control cells. Lastly, induction of mitophagy was found in lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells with corresponding changes of mitochondria shape on electron microscope analysis. Taken together, our results indicate that S6K1 is involved in the regulation of mitochondria morphology and function in HeLa cells. This study will provide novel insights into S6K1 function in mitochondria-mediated cellular signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea; Metabolic Disease Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45437, USA
| | - Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea
| | - Kisun Mun
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea
| | - Kouhei Masuda
- Metabolic Disease Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45437, USA
| | - So Hee Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, South Korea
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - George Thomas
- Metabolic Disease Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45437, USA
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea; Metabolic Disease Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45437, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tran Q, Lee H, Park J, Kim SH, Park J. Targeting Cancer Metabolism - Revisiting the Warburg Effects. Toxicol Res 2016; 32:177-93. [PMID: 27437085 PMCID: PMC4946416 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2016.32.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
After more than half of century since the Warburg effect was described, this atypical metabolism has been standing true for almost every type of cancer, exhibiting higher glycolysis and lactate metabolism and defective mitochondrial ATP production. This phenomenon had attracted many scientists to the problem of elucidating the mechanism of, and reason for, this effect. Several models based on oncogenic studies have been proposed, such as the accumulation of mitochondrial gene mutations, the switch from oxidative phosphorylation respiration to glycolysis, the enhancement of lactate metabolism, and the alteration of glycolytic genes. Whether the Warburg phenomenon is the consequence of genetic dysregulation in cancer or the cause of cancer remains unknown. Moreover, the exact reasons and physiological values of this peculiar metabolism in cancer remain unclear. Although there are some pharmacological compounds, such as 2-deoxy-D-glucose, dichloroacetic acid, and 3-bromopyruvate, therapeutic strategies, including diet, have been developed based on targeting the Warburg effect. In this review, we will revisit the Warburg effect to determine how much scientists currently understand about this phenomenon and how we can treat the cancer based on targeting metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee H, Hong Y, Kwon SH, Park J, Park J. Anti-aging effects of Piper cambodianum P. Fourn. extract on normal human dermal fibroblast cells and a wound-healing model in mice. Clin Interv Aging 2016; 11:1017-26. [PMID: 27536082 PMCID: PMC4973718 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s107734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging of skin is associated with environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays, air pollution, gravity, and genetic factors, all of which can lead to wrinkling of skin. Previous reports suggest that the wound repair is impaired by the aging process and strategies to manipulate the age-related wound healing are necessary in order to stimulate repair. Objective Several traditional plant extracts are well-known for their properties of skin protection and care. Piper cambodianum P. Fourn. (PPF), a member of Piperacecae, is a plant found in Vietnam that might have therapeutic properties. Therefore, the effects of PPF stem and leaf extract on aging process were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods PPF extract dissolved in methanol was investigated using Western blotting, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and cell wound-healing assays. We assessed the anti-aging effect of PPF in mouse using the wound-healing assay. The results were analyzed by Student’s unpaired t-test; *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 were considered to indicate significant and highly significant values, respectively, compared with corresponding controls. Results PPF treatment demonstrated in vitro and in vivo anti-aging activity. Western blot analysis of PPF-treated normal human dermal fibroblast cells showed a dose-dependent increase in the expression of extracellular matrix genes such as collagen and elastin, but decreased expression of the aging gene matrix metalloproteinase-3. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that PPF-treated cells displayed dose-dependent increase in messenger RNA expression levels of collagen, elastin, and hyaluronan synthase-2 and decreased expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 aging gene. PPF treatment led to decreased production of reactive oxygen species in cells subjected to ultraviolet irradiation. Furthermore, PPF extract showed positive wound-healing effects in mice. Conclusion This study demonstrated the anti-aging and wound-healing effects of PPF extract. Therefore, PPF extract represents a promising new therapeutic agent for anti-aging and wound-healing treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon
| | - Youngeun Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon
| | - So Hee Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon
| | - Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chung HR, Xu C, Fuchs A, Mund A, Lange M, Staege H, Schubert T, Bian C, Dunkel I, Eberharter A, Regnard C, Klinker H, Meierhofer D, Cozzuto L, Winterpacht A, Di Croce L, Min J, Will H, Kinkley S. PHF13 is a molecular reader and transcriptional co-regulator of H3K4me2/3. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27223324 PMCID: PMC4915813 DOI: 10.7554/elife.10607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PHF13 is a chromatin affiliated protein with a functional role in differentiation, cell division, DNA damage response and higher chromatin order. To gain insight into PHF13's ability to modulate these processes, we elucidate the mechanisms targeting PHF13 to chromatin, its genome wide localization and its molecular chromatin context. Size exclusion chromatography, mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography and ChIP sequencing demonstrate that PHF13 binds chromatin in a multivalent fashion via direct interactions with H3K4me2/3 and DNA, and indirectly via interactions with PRC2 and RNA PolII. Furthermore, PHF13 depletion disrupted the interactions between PRC2, RNA PolII S5P, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 and resulted in the up and down regulation of genes functionally enriched in transcriptional regulation, DNA binding, cell cycle, differentiation and chromatin organization. Together our findings argue that PHF13 is an H3K4me2/3 molecular reader and transcriptional co-regulator, affording it the ability to impact different chromatin processes. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10607.001 In human and other eukaryotic cells, DNA is packaged around proteins called histones to form a structure known as chromatin. Chemical tags added to the histones alter how the DNA is packaged and the activity of the genes encoded by that DNA. For example, many active genes are packaged around histone H3 proteins that have “Lysine 4 tri-methyl” tags attached to them. Another protein that is associated with chromatin is called PHF13 and it has several roles, including repairing damaged DNA. However, it was not known whether PHF13 binds to chromatin via the chemical tags, or in another way. Ho-Ryun, Xu, Fuchs et al. used several biochemical techniques in mouse and human cells to explore how PHF13 specifically interacts with chromatin. These experiments showed that PHF13 binds specifically to DNA and to two types of methyl tags (lysine 4-tri-methyl or lysine 4-di-methyl). These chemical tags are predominantly found at active promoters as well as at a small subset of less active promoters known as bivalent promoters. PHF13 interacted with other proteins on the chromatin that are known to either drive or repress gene activity and it’s depletion affected the activity of many genes. Whether PHF13 increased or decreased gene activity depended on whether it was bound to active or bivalent promoters. The active promoters targeted by PHF13 had higher numbers of the tri-methyl tags whereas the di-methyl tags were more common on the bivalent promoters. These findings provide preliminary evidence that a protein binding to different methyl tags in the same place on histone H3 can have opposite effects on gene activity. Ho-Ryun, Xu, Fuchs et al. now intend to find out more about the other proteins that interact with PHF13 on chromatin. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10607.002
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Chung
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chao Xu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alisa Fuchs
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Mund
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute - Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Hannah Staege
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute - Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Schubert
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute - Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Ilona Dunkel
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Eberharter
- Adolf-Butenandt-Institute and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Catherine Regnard
- Adolf-Butenandt-Institute and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrike Klinker
- Adolf-Butenandt-Institute and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Luca Cozzuto
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Winterpacht
- Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luciano Di Croce
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Pg. Lluis Companys, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jinrong Min
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hans Will
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute - Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Kinkley
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Heinrich-Pette-Institute - Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li Y, Wu Y, Li R, Wang C, Jia N, Zhao C, Wen A, Xiong L. Propofol Regulates the Surface Expression of GABAA Receptors: Implications in Synaptic Inhibition. Anesth Analg 2016; 121:1176-83. [PMID: 26241086 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000000884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anesthetic propofol is thought to induce rapid hypnotic sedation by potentiating γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAAR) activity. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms of propofol in modulating inhibitory synaptic transmission. We aimed to investigate the role of propofol in modulating surface expression of GABAARs. METHODS C57BL/6 mice received an intraperitoneal injection of propofol. Hippocampal pyramidal neurons were prepared from embryonic day-18 mice and were treated with propofol. Proteins on the plasma membrane were analyzed using cell surface biotinylation, immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Electrophysiological activities were recorded from hippocampal cells in acute brain slices of mice. The interaction between GABAARs and clathrin adaptor protein 2 was assessed by immunoprecipitation. Phosphorylation of GABAARs was shown by in vitro kinase assay. RESULTS Propofol facilitated membrane accumulation of GABAARβ3 subunits. Propofol mediated phosphorylation of GABAARβ3 by protein kinase Cε which blocked the interaction between GABAARβ3 and the β-adaptin subunit of adaptor protein 2, resulting in an inhibition of the receptor endocytosis in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Coincident with increased GABAARs surface level, propofol enhanced evoked and miniature synaptic GABA receptor currents. CONCLUSIONS This study offers new insight on the regulatory mechanism of propofol in inhibiting neuronal excitability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Li
- From the Departments of *Pharmacy and †Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lasho TL, Pardanani A, Tefferi A, Smith DI. Altered expression of tumor suppressor PHF20 in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Leukemia 2014; 28:1762-4. [PMID: 24675105 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T L Lasho
- Mayo College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A Pardanani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A Tefferi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - D I Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nguyen TA, Menendez D, Resnick MA, Anderson CW. Mutant TP53 posttranslational modifications: challenges and opportunities. Hum Mutat 2014; 35:738-55. [PMID: 24395704 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The wild-type (WT) human p53 (TP53) tumor suppressor can be posttranslationally modified at over 60 of its 393 residues. These modifications contribute to changes in TP53 stability and in its activity as a transcription factor in response to a wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic stresses in part through regulation of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. The TP53 gene frequently is mutated in cancers, and in contrast to most other tumor suppressors, the mutations are mostly missense often resulting in the accumulation of mutant (MUT) protein, which may have novel or altered functions. Most MUT TP53s can be posttranslationally modified at the same residues as in WT TP53. Strikingly, however, codons for modified residues are rarely mutated in human tumors, suggesting that TP53 modifications are not essential for tumor suppression activity. Nevertheless, these modifications might alter MUT TP53 activity and contribute to a gain-of-function leading to increased metastasis and tumor progression. Furthermore, many of the signal transduction pathways that result in TP53 modifications are altered or disrupted in cancers. Understanding the signaling pathways that result in TP53 modification and the functions of these modifications in both WT TP53 and its many MUT forms may contribute to more effective cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Ai Nguyen
- Chromosome Stability Section, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang T, Park KA, Li Y, Byun HS, Jeon J, Lee Y, Hong JH, Kim JM, Huang SM, Choi SW, Kim SH, Sohn KC, Ro H, Lee JH, Lu T, Stark GR, Shen HM, Liu ZG, Park J, Hur GM. PHF20 regulates NF-κB signalling by disrupting recruitment of PP2A to p65. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2062. [PMID: 23797602 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutive NF-κB activation in cancer cells is caused by defects in the signalling network responsible for terminating the NF-κB response. Here we report that plant homeodomain finger protein 20 (PHF20) maintains NF-κB in an active state in the nucleus by inhibiting the interaction between PP2A and p65. We show that PHF20 induces canonical NF-κB signalling by increasing the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB subunit p65. In PHF20 overexpressing cells, the termination of tumour necrosis factor-induced p65 phosphorylation is impaired whereas upstream signalling events triggered by tumour necrosis factor are unaffected. This effect strictly depends on the interaction between PHF20 and methylated lysine residues of p65, which hinders recruitment of PP2A to p65, thereby maintaining p65 in a phosphorylated state. We further show that PHF20 levels correlate with p65 phosphorylation levels in human glioma specimens. Our work identifies PHF20 as a novel regulator of NF-κB activation and suggests that elevated expression of PHF20 may drive constitutive NF-κB activation in some cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301 747, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao W, Li Q, Ayers S, Gu Y, Shi Z, Zhu Q, Chen Y, Wang HY, Wang RF. Jmjd3 inhibits reprogramming by upregulating expression of INK4a/Arf and targeting PHF20 for ubiquitination. Cell 2013; 152:1037-50. [PMID: 23452852 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Although somatic cell reprogramming to generate inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is associated with profound epigenetic changes, the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic factors in this process remain poorly understood. Here, we identify Jmjd3 as a potent negative regulator of reprogramming. Jmjd3-deficient MEFs produced significantly more iPSC colonies than did wild-type cells, whereas ectopic expression of Jmjd3 markedly inhibited reprogramming. We show that the inhibitory effects of Jmjd3 are produced through both histone demethylase-dependent and -independent pathways. The latter pathway involves Jmjd3 targeting of PHF20 for ubiquitination and degradation via recruitment of an E3 ligase, Trim26. Importantly, PHF20-deficient MEFs could not be converted to fully reprogrammed iPSCs, even with knockdown of Jmjd3, Ink4a, or p21, indicating that PHF20 is required for reprogramming. Our findings demonstrate, to the best of our knowledge, a previously unrecognized role of Jmjd3 in cellular reprogramming and provide molecular insight into the mechanisms by which the Jmjd3-PHF20 axis controls this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|