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Gaballah AI, Elsherbiny AA, Sharaky M, Hamed NO, Raslan NA, Almilaibary A, Fayyad RMA, Ousman MS, Hamdan AME, Fahim SA. Dexamethasone-tamoxifen combination exerts synergistic therapeutic effects in tamoxifen-resistance breast cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240367. [PMID: 38864530 PMCID: PMC11230869 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is a key player in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC); however, ∼30% of patients experience relapse and a lower survival rate due to TAM resistance. TAM resistance was related to the over expression of SOX-2 gene, which is regulated by the E2F3 transcription factor in the Wnt signaling pathway. It was suggested that SOX-2 overexpression was suppressed by dexamethasone (DEX), a glucocorticoid commonly prescribed to BC patients. The aim of the present study is to explore the effect of combining DEX and TAM on the inhibition of TAM-resistant LCC-2 cells (TAMR-1) through modulating the E2F3/SOX-2-mediated Wnt signaling pathway. The effect of the combination therapy on MCF-7 and TAMR-1 cell viability was assessed. Drug interactions were analyzed using CompuSyn and SynergyFinder softwares. Cell cycle distribution, apoptotic protein expression, gene expression levels of SOX-2 and E2F3, and cell migration were also assessed. Combining DEX with TAM led to synergistic inhibition of TAMR-1 cell proliferation and migration, induced apoptosis, reduced SOX-2 and E2F3 expression and was also associated with S and G2-M phase arrest. Therefore, combining DEX with TAM may present an effective therapeutic option to overcome TAM resistance, by targeting the E2F3/SOX-2/Wnt signaling pathway, in addition to its anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa I Gaballah
- School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza, P.O. Box 12577, Egypt
| | - Aliaa A Elsherbiny
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza, P.O. Box 12577, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Najat O Hamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed A Raslan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
- Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Medina 42541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almilaibary
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, AlBaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda Mohamed Abdrabbou Fayyad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Aseer 61961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Ousman
- Emergency Medical Services, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M E Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally A Fahim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza, P.O. Box 12577, Egypt
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Fan S, Kang B, Li S, Li W, Chen C, Chen J, Deng L, Chen D, Zhou J. Exploring the multifaceted role of RASGRP1 in disease: immune, neural, metabolic, and oncogenic perspectives. Cell Cycle 2024; 23:722-746. [PMID: 38865342 PMCID: PMC11229727 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2366009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
RAS guanyl releasing protein 1 (RASGRP1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) characterized by the presence of a RAS superfamily GEF domain. It functions as a diacylglycerol (DAG)-regulated nucleotide exchange factor, specifically activating RAS through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. Activation of RAS by RASGRP1 has a wide range of downstream effects at the cellular level. Thus, it is not surprising that many diseases are associated with RASGRP1 disorders. Here, we present an overview of the structure and function of RASGRP1, its crucial role in the development, expression, and regulation of immune cells, and its involvement in various signaling pathways. This review comprehensively explores the relationship between RASGRP1 and various diseases, elucidates the underlying molecular mechanisms of RASGRP1 in each disease, and identifies potential therapeutic targets. This study provides novel insights into the role of RASGRP1 in insulin secretion and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for diabetes. The limitations and challenges associated with studying RASGRP1 in disease are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzhi Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Kang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shaoqian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Weiyi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Canyu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lijing Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Danjun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiecan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Wan H, Yang X, Sang G, Ruan Z, Ling Z, Zhang M, Liu C, Hu X, Guo T, He J, Liu D, Pei J. CDKN2A was a cuproptosis-related gene in regulating chemotherapy resistance by the MAGE-A family in breast cancer: based on artificial intelligence (AI)-constructed pan-cancer risk model. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11244-11267. [PMID: 37857018 PMCID: PMC10637804 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Before the discovery of cuproptosis, copper-loaded nanoparticle is a wildly applied strategy for enhancing the tumor-cell-killing effect of chemotherapy. Although copper(ii)-related researches are wide, details of cuproptosis-related bioprocess in pan-cancer are not clear yet now, especially for prognosis and drug sensitivity prediction yet now. METHODS In this study, VOSviewer is used for the literature review, and R4.2.0 is used for data analysis. Public data are collected from TCGA and GEO, local breast cancer cohort is collected to verify the expression level of CDKN2A. RESULTS 7036 published articles exhibited a time-dependent linear relationship (R=0.9781, p<0.0001), and breast cancer (33.4%) is the most researched topic. Cuproptosis-related-genes (CRGs)-based unsupervised clustering divides pan-cancer subgroups into four groups (CRG subgroup) with differences in prognosis and tumor immunity. 44 tumor-driver-genes (TDGs)-based prediction model of drug sensitivity and prognosis is constructed by artificial intelligence (AI). Based on TDGs and clinical features, a nomogram is (C- index: 0.7, p= 6.958e- 12) constructed to predict the prognosis of breast cancer. Importance analysis identifies CDKN2A has a pivotal role in AI modeling, whose higher expression indicates worse prognosis in breast cancer. Furthermore, inhibition of CDKN2A down-regulates decreases Snail1, Twist1, Zeb1, vimentin and MMP9, while E-cadherin is increased. Besides, inhibition of CDKN2A also decreases the expression of MEGEA4, phosphorylated STAT3, PD-L1, and caspase3, while cleaved-caspase3 is increased. Finally, we find down-regulation of CDKN2A or MAGEA inhibits cell migration and wound healing, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AI identified CRG subgroups in pan-cancer based on CRGs-related TDGs, and 44-gene-based AI modeling is a novel tool to identify chemotherapy sensitivity in breast cancer, in which CDKN2A/MAGEA4 pathway played the most important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guopeng Sang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhifan Ruan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zichen Ling
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingzhao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangyang Hu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juntong He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Defeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Pei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Sun R, Ge W, Zhu Y, Sayad A, Luna A, Lyu M, Liang S, Tobalina L, Rajapakse VN, Yu C, Zhang H, Fang J, Wu F, Xie H, Saez-Rodriguez J, Ying H, Reinhold WC, Sander C, Pommier Y, Neel BG, Aebersold R, Guo T. Proteomic Dynamics of Breast Cancer Cell Lines Identifies Potential Therapeutic Protein Targets. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100602. [PMID: 37343696 PMCID: PMC10392136 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment and relevant targets for breast cancer (BC) remain limited, especially for triple-negative BC (TNBC). We identified 6091 proteins of 76 human BC cell lines using data-independent acquisition (DIA). Integrating our proteomic findings with prior multi-omics datasets, we found that including proteomics data improved drug sensitivity predictions and provided insights into the mechanisms of action. We subsequently profiled the proteomic changes in nine cell lines (five TNBC and four non-TNBC) treated with EGFR/AKT/mTOR inhibitors. In TNBC, metabolism pathways were dysregulated after EGFR/mTOR inhibitor treatment, while RNA modification and cell cycle pathways were affected by AKT inhibitor. This systematic multi-omics and in-depth analysis of the proteome of BC cells can help prioritize potential therapeutic targets and provide insights into adaptive resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weigang Ge
- Bioinformatics Department, Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Azin Sayad
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Augustin Luna
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mengge Lyu
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luis Tobalina
- Bioinformatics and Data Science, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vinodh N Rajapakse
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chenhuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Huazhong Ying
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William C Reinhold
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chris Sander
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Tiannan Guo
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Li Y, Xiong JB, Jie ZG, Xiong H. Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta gene as a tumour suppressor in stomach adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1069875. [PMID: 36518312 PMCID: PMC9743170 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1069875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the most common type of gastric cancer. In this study, the functions and potential mechanisms of hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta (HADHB) in STAD were explored. METHODS Different bioinformatics analyses were performed to confirm HADHB expression in STAD. HADHB expression in STAD tissues and cells was also evaluated using western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Further, the viability, proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle determination, migration, and wound healing capacity were assessed, and the effects of HADHB on tumour growth, cell apoptosis, and proliferation in nude mice were determined. The upstream effector of HADHB was examined using bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay. GSEA was also employed for pathway enrichment analysis and the expression of Hippo-YAP pathway-related proteins was detected. RESULTS The expression of HADHB was found to be low in STAD tissues and cells. The upregulation of HADHB distinctly repressed the viability, proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, and wound healing of HGC27 cells, while knockdown of HADHB led to opposite effects. HADHB upregulation impeded tumour growth and cell proliferation, and enhanced apoptosis in nude mice. KLF4, whose expression was low in STAD, was identified as an upstream regulator of HADHB. KLF4 upregulation abolished the HADHB knockdown-induced tumour promoting effects in AGS cells. Further, HADHB regulates the Hippo-YAP pathway, which was validated using a pathway rescue assay. Low expression of KLF4 led to HADHB downregulation in STAD. CONCLUSION HADHB might function as a tumour suppressor gene in STAD by regulation the Hippo-YAP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian-Bo Xiong
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Jie
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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6
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Akbarzadeh I, Farid M, Javidfar M, Zabet N, Shokoohian B, Arki MK, Shpichka A, Noorbazargan H, Aghdaei HA, Hossein-khannazer N, Timashev P, Makvandi P, Vosough M. The Optimized Formulation of Tamoxifen-Loaded Niosomes Efficiently Induced Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer Cells. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:57. [PMID: 35048234 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim, as proof of concept, was to optimize niosomal formulations of tamoxifen in terms of size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, and release kinetics for further treatment of the breast cancer (BC). Different assays were carried out to evaluate the pro-apoptotic and cytotoxicity impact of tamoxifen-loaded niosomes in two BC cells, MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3. In this study, tamoxifen was loaded in niosomes after optimization in the formulation. The formulation of niosomes supported maximized drug entrapment and minimized their size. The novel formulation showed improvement in storage stability, and after 60 days only, small changes in size, polydispersity index, and drug entrapment were observed. Besides, a pH-dependent release pattern of formulated niosomes displayed slow release at physiological pH (7.4) and a considerable increase of release at acidic pH (5.4), making them a promising candidate for drug delivery in the BC treatment. The cytotoxicity study exhibited high biocompatibility with MCF10A healthy cells, while remarkable inhibitory effects were observed after treatment of cancerous lines, MDA-MB-231, and SKBR3 cells. The IC50 values for the tamoxifen-loaded niosomes were significantly less than other groups. Moreover, treatment with drug-loaded niosomes significantly changed the gene expression pattern of BC cells. Statistically significant down-regulation of cyclin D, cyclin E, VEGFR-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 genes and up-regulation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were observed. These results were in correlation with cell cycle arrest, lessoned migration capacity, and increased caspase activity and apoptosis induction in cancerous cells. Optimization in the formulation of tamoxifen-loaded niosomes can make them a novel candidate for drug delivery in BC treatment.
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7
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Multi-time scale transcriptomic analysis on the dynamic process of tamoxifen resistance development in breast cancer cell lines. Breast Cancer 2022; 29:458-467. [PMID: 35041152 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-021-01325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 30% of breast cancer patients develop endocrine resistance after tamoxifen therapy. There still lacks a comprehensive understanding on the mechanism of tamoxifen resistance. This study aims to explore the dynamic process of ER + breast cancer resistance to tamoxifen through the time course transcriptomic analysis. METHODS The transcriptome profiles of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 treated with tamoxifen at different time scales were collected from LINCS, SRA and GEO databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the short-term tamoxifen treatment and tamoxifen-resistant cell lines. The time course analysis was used to explore the dynamic development of tamoxifen resistance using the transcriptome profiles of tamoxifen-cultured MCF-7 for 1-12 weeks. RESULTS After the short-term treatment of MCF-7 with tamoxifen for 6 h or 24 h, the expression level of gene PRSS23 was significantly reduced. However, its expression recovered in the resistant cell lines. The time course analysis identified 9 clusters of the DEGs based on the temporal trend of their expression levels. Gene PRSS23 belongs to cluster 2 in which the expression levels were significantly down-regulated in the first 4 weeks but gradually recovered afterwards. Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs in cluster 2 showed that they are significantly enriched in DNA replication, mismatch repair and cell cycle pathways. Their specific role in the resistance development needs to be further explored. The protein-protein interaction network analysis indicates that gene PRSS23 participates in the drug resistance by regulating multiple tamoxifen drug targets. CONCLUSIONS The acquired drug resistance in ER + breast cancer is a complex and dynamic biological process. PRSS23 plays an important role in the development of resistance and is a potential target for overcoming resistance.
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8
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Booth L, West C, Moore RP, Von Hoff D, Dent P. GZ17-6.02 and palbociclib interact to kill ER+ breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2022; 13:92-104. [PMID: 35035775 PMCID: PMC8754587 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
GZ17-6.02 is presently undergoing clinical evaluation in solid tumors and lymphoma. The present studies were performed to define its biology in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells and to determine whether it interacted with palbociclib to enhance tumor cell killing. GZ17-6.02 interacted in an additive fashion with palbociclib to kill ER+ breast cancer cells. GZ17-6.02 and palbociclib cooperated to inactivate mTOR and AKT and to activate ULK1 and PERK. The drugs interacted to increase the expression of FAS-L and BAX, and to decrease the levels of MCL1, the estrogen receptor, and HDACs 1–3. Palbociclib activated ERBB3, an effect blocked by GZ17-6.02. GZ17-6.02 and palbociclib interacted to increase the expression of multiple toxic BH3 domain proteins and to reduce MCL1 and BCL-XL expression. Knock down of FAS-L reduced the lethality of [GZ17-6.02 + palbociclib]. GZ17-6.02 and palbociclib interacted to enhance autophagosome formation and autophagic flux. Knock down of Beclin1, ATG5, BAG3, eIF2α, toxic BH3 domain proteins or CD95 significantly reduced drug combination lethality. GZ17-6.02 and palbociclib increased the expression of Beclin1 and ATG5, effects blocked by knock down of eIF2α. The drugs also increased the phosphorylation of the AMPK and ATG13, effects blocked by knock down of ATM. Knock down of ATM or the AMPK, or expression of activated mTOR significantly reduced the abilities of GZ17-6.02 and palbociclib to enhance autophagosome formation and autophagic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Booth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Cameron West
- Genzada Pharmaceuticals, Sterling, KS 67579, USA
| | | | - Daniel Von Hoff
- Physician-in-Chief, Distinguished Professor, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Paul Dent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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9
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MiR-135b-5p is an oncogene in pancreatic cancer to regulate GPRC5A expression by targeting transcription factor KLF4. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:23. [PMID: 35027543 PMCID: PMC8758781 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
KLF4 is implicated in tumor progression of pancreatic cancer, but the molecular regulatory mechanism of KLF4 needs to be further specified. We aimed to probe molecular regulatory mechanism of KLF4 in malignant progression of pancreatic cancer. qRT-PCR or western blot was completed to test levels of predicted genes. Dual-luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were designed to validate binding between genes. Cell viability and oncogenicity detection were used for in vitro and vivo functional assessment. KLF4 was a downstream target of miR-135b-5p. KLF4 could regulate GPRC5A level. MiR-135b-5p was notably increased in cancer cells, and overexpressing KLF4 functioned a tumor repressive role, which could be restored by miR-135b-5p. Besides, cell malignant phenotypes could be inhibited through reducing miR-135b-5p level, but they were restored by GPRC5A. Our results stressed that KLF4, as a vital target of miR-135b-5p, could influence promoter region of GPRC5A, thus affecting the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer.
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10
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Dore M, Filoche S, Danielson K, Henry C. Characterisation of Levonorgestrel-Resistant Endometrial Cancer Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7871-7884. [PMID: 34703309 PMCID: PMC8523362 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s327381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in the developed world, and incidence is increasing in premenopausal women. The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is gaining traction as an alternative treatment for hyperplasia and early-stage EC for women who are unable to undergo surgery. Thirty to 60% of the women do not respond to this treatment, making the unknown mechanisms of levonorgestrel (LNG) resistance a critical obstacle for the conservative management of EC. This study aimed to characterise LNG-IUS treatment resistance in early-stage endometrial cancer in cell-line models. Methods LNG-resistant endometrial cancer cell lines (MFE296R and MFE319R) and cultures from three early stage endometrial cancer patients were developed. The behavioural profile of MFE296R and MFE319R was analysed using proliferation, adhesion, migration (wound healing and transwell) and invasion (spheroid) assays. LNG-sensitive cell lines (MFE296S and MFE319S) were compared to LNGR cell lines (MFE296R and MFE319R). A literature search was conducted to identify possible candidate biomarkers of LNG resistance. RT-qPCR was used to analyse the mRNA expression of 17 candidate biomarkers in MFE296R and MFE319R. mRNA expression of the top differentially expressed genes was measured using RT-qPCR in primary cultures. Results LNG resistance did not affect proliferation or invasion in immortalised endometrial cancer cells. Transwell migration was significantly increased in MFE319R cells (p=0.03). Cellular adhesion significantly decreased in both MFE296R cells (p=0.012) and MFE319R cells (p=0.04). mRNA expression of KLF4 and SATB2 was significantly amplified in MFE296R and MFE319R cells. mRNA expression of KLF4 was significantly upregulated LNG-resistant primary cell lines. Conclusion LNG-resistant cells may have more oncogenic potential than their LNG-sensitive counterparts. Significant changes in the mRNA expression of KLF4 and SATB2 of LNG-resistant cells is a promising preliminary result in biomarker discovery for guiding LNG-IUS treatment of early stage endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Dore
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Women's Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sara Filoche
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Women's Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kirsty Danielson
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Claire Henry
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Women's Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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11
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Huth HW, Castro-Gomes T, de Goes AM, Ropert C. Translocation of intracellular CD24 constitutes a triggering event for drug resistance in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17077. [PMID: 34426608 PMCID: PMC8382710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The capacity of tumor cells to shift dynamically between different states could be responsible for chemoresistance and has been commonly linked to the acquisition of stem cell properties. Here, we have evaluated the phenotype switching associated with drug resistance in breast cancer cell lines and cell lineage obtained from Brazilian patients. We have highlighted the role of the cancer stem cell marker CD24 in the dynamics of cell plasticity and the acquirement of drug resistance. We showed that the translocation of CD24 from cytosol to cell membrane is a triggering event for the phenotype change of breast tumor cells exposed to drug stress. Here, we provide evidence that the phenotype switching is due to the presence of a cytosolic pool of CD24. Importantly, the cellular localization of CD24 was correlated with the changes in the dynamics of p38 MAPK activation. A strong and continuous phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK led to the overexpression of Bcl-2 after treatment in persistent cells presenting high density of CD24 on cell membrane. This phenotype enabled the cells to enter in slow-down of cell cycle, after which several weeks later, the dormant cells proliferated again. Importantly, the use of a p38 activity inhibitor sensitized cells to drug treatment and avoided chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Werner Huth
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil
| | - Thiago Castro-Gomes
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Miranda de Goes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil
| | - Catherine Ropert
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil.
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12
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Su K, Yu Q, Shen R, Sun SY, Moreno CS, Li X, Qin ZS. Pan-cancer analysis of pathway-based gene expression pattern at the individual level reveals biomarkers of clinical prognosis. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100050. [PMID: 34671755 PMCID: PMC8525796 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers to predict the clinical outcomes of individual patients is a fundamental problem in clinical oncology. Multiple single-gene biomarkers have already been identified and used in clinics. However, multiple oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes are involved during the process of tumorigenesis. Additionally, the efficacy of single-gene biomarkers is limited by the extensively variable expression levels measured by high-throughput assays. In this study, we hypothesize that in individual tumor samples, the disruption of transcription homeostasis in key pathways or gene sets plays an important role in tumorigenesis and has profound implications for the patient's clinical outcome. We devised a computational method named iPath to identify, at the individual-sample level, which pathways or gene sets significantly deviate from their norms. We conducted a pan-cancer analysis and demonstrated that iPath is capable of identifying highly predictive biomarkers for clinical outcomes, including overall survival, tumor subtypes, and tumor-stage classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenong Su
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ronglai Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Shi-Yong Sun
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carlos S. Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zhaohui S. Qin
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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13
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Barazetti JF, Jucoski TS, Carvalho TM, Veiga RN, Kohler AF, Baig J, Al Bizri H, Gradia DF, Mader S, Carvalho de Oliveira J. From Micro to Long: Non-Coding RNAs in Tamoxifen Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3688. [PMID: 34359587 PMCID: PMC8345104 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Two thirds of patients are classified as hormone receptor positive, based on expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), the main driver of breast cancer cell proliferation, and/or progesterone receptor, which is regulated by ERα. Despite presenting the best prognosis, these tumors can recur when patients acquire resistance to treatment by aromatase inhibitors or antiestrogen such as tamoxifen (Tam). The mechanisms that are involved in Tam resistance are complex and involve multiple signaling pathways. Recently, roles for microRNAs and lncRNAs in controlling ER expression and/or tamoxifen action have been described, but the underlying mechanisms are still little explored. In this review, we will discuss the current state of knowledge on the roles of microRNAs and lncRNAs in the main mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance in hormone receptor positive breast cancer. In the future, this knowledge can be used to identify patients at a greater risk of relapse due to the expression patterns of ncRNAs that impact response to Tam, in order to guide their treatment more efficiently and possibly to design therapeutic strategies to bypass mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Fernanda Barazetti
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Tayana Shultz Jucoski
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Tamyres Mingorance Carvalho
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Rafaela Nasser Veiga
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Ana Flávia Kohler
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Jumanah Baig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (J.B.); (H.A.B.)
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Hend Al Bizri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (J.B.); (H.A.B.)
| | - Daniela Fiori Gradia
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Sylvie Mader
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (J.B.); (H.A.B.)
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jaqueline Carvalho de Oliveira
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
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14
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Delgir S, Ilkhani K, Safi A, Rahmati Y, Montazari V, Zaynali-Khasraghi Z, Seif F, Bastami M, Alivand MR. The expression of miR-513c and miR-3163 was downregulated in tumor tissues compared with normal adjacent tissue of patients with breast cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:180. [PMID: 34233668 PMCID: PMC8265124 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the most invasive cancer with different subtypes that its metabolism is unique compared with normal cells. Glutamine is considered critical nutrition that many cancer cells, particularly BC cells, are dependent on it for growth and proliferation. Therefore, targeting glutamine metabolism, especially enzymes that are related to this pathway, can be beneficial to design anti-cancer agents. Recent evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs), with a short length and single-strand properties, play a prominent role in regulating the genes related to glutamine metabolism, which may control the development of cancer. METHODS In silico analysis confirmed that miR-513c and miR-3163 might be involved in glutamine metabolism. The expression level of these two miRNAs was evaluated in eighty BC tissues and normal adjacent tissues. Furthermore, GSE38167, GSE38867, GSE42128, GSE45666, and GSE53179 were employed from gene expression omnibus (GEO). The Limma package was utilized to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) of mentioned datasets to evaluate miR-513c and miR-3163 expression. Further, in silico analysis was utilized to predict the potential biological processes and molecular pathways of miR-513c and miR-3163, based on their target genes. RESULTS In silico studies revealed top categories of biological processes and cellular pathways that might play a critical role in metabolism reprogramming and cancer development and were target genes for miR-513c and miR-3163. The current study showed that miR-513c (p value = 0.02062 and FC = - 2.3801) and miR-3163 (p value = 0.02034 and FC = - 2.3792) were downregulated in tumor tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues. The analysis of GEO microarray datasets showed that miR-513c was downregulated in GSE38167, GSE38867, GSE42128, GSE45666 and GSE53179, whereas there was a significant downregulation of miR-3163 in only two studies, including GSE38867 and GSE42128 that they were in accordance with our experimental results. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis did not show any substantial relationship between expression levels of these two miRNAs and factors such as age, family history of cancer, and abortion history. CONCLUSION MiR-513c and miR-3163 were downregulated in BC tissues, which might serve as tumor suppressors. They are suggested as potential therapeutic targets for patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Delgir
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khandan Ilkhani
- Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asma Safi
- Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yazdan Rahmati
- Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Montazari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences/and also Surgery Ward, Nour-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Zaynali-Khasraghi
- Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Chen J, Wan R, Li Q, Rao Z, Wang Y, Zhang L, Teichmann AT. Utilizing the Hippo pathway as a therapeutic target for combating endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:306. [PMID: 34112175 PMCID: PMC8194146 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is always a great obstacle in any endocrine therapy of breast cancer. Although the combination of endocrine therapy and targeted therapy has been shown to significantly improve prognosis, refractory endocrine resistance is still common. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway is often related to the occurrence and the development of many tumors. Targeted therapies of this pathway have played important roles in the study of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Targeting the Hippo pathway in combination with chemotherapy or other targeted therapies has been shown to significantly improve specific antitumor effects and reduce cancer antidrug resistance. Further exploration has shown that the Hippo pathway is closely related to endocrine resistance, and it plays a "co-correlation point" role in numerous pathways involving endocrine resistance, including related pathways in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Agents and miRNAs targeting the components of the Hippo pathway are expected to significantly enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to endocrine therapy. This review initially explains the possible mechanism of the Hippo pathway in combating endocrine resistance, and it concludes by recommending endocrine therapy in combination with therapies targeting the Hippo pathway in the study of endocrine-resistant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Runlan Wan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhenghuan Rao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Alexander Tobias Teichmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China. .,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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16
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Xiang F, Zhu Z, Zhang M, Wang J, Chen Z, Li X, Zhang T, Gu Q, Wu R, Kang X. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Enhances Paclitaxel Sensitivity by Suppressing DNMT1-Mediated KLF4 Methylation in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:627856. [PMID: 34150611 PMCID: PMC8209418 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.627856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a first-line chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of breast cancer, but drug resistance seriously limits its clinical use. The aim of the present work was to explore the effect of 3,3’-diindolylmethane (DIM) on PTX sensitivity and its possible mechanism in breast cancer. The expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and DNA-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in breast cancer tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The methylation of KLF4 was evaluated by the MassARRAY platform. The lentivirus carrying KLF4 and DNMT1 gene or shRNA targeting DNMT1 were used to overexpress KLF4 or knockdown DNMT1 in MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells and the role of KLF4 and DNMT1 in regulation of PTX sensitivity was investigated. The effect of PTX on inhibiting the proliferation of MCF-7 and T47D cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to examine cell apoptosis. The expression of mRNA and protein was evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Our data showed that the expression of DNMT1 was increased, and the methylation level of CpG sites (−148 bp) in the KLF4 promoter was increased while the KLF4 expression was significantly decreased in breast cancer tissues. Overexpression of KLF4 increased the sensitivity of MCF-7 and T47D cells to PTX. DNMT1 increased the methylation of the KLF4 promoter and decrease the expression of KLF4. Knockdown of DNMT1 increased the sensitivity of MCF-7 and T47D cells to PTX. DIM enhanced the PTX sensitivity of MCF-7 and T47D cells, decreased the expression of DNMT1 and the methylation level of KLF4 promoter, thus increasing the level of KLF4. Furthermore, overexpression of DNMT1 attenuated the effect of DIM on the regulation of PTX sensitivity. Collectively, our data indicated that DNMT1-mediated hypermethylation of KLF4 promoter leads to downregulation of KLF4 in breast cancer. The level of KLF4 is correlated with the sensitivity of MCF-7 and T47D cells to PTX. DIM could enhance the antitumor efficacy of PTX on MCF-7 and T47D cells by regulating DNMT1 and KLF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Xiang
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaowei Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengzhe Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixi Chen
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Kang
- Laboratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Zhou Y, Yang J, Chen C, Li Z, Chen Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Zhou J. Polyphyllin Ⅲ-Induced Ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells can Be Protected Against by KLF4-Mediated Upregulation of xCT. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:670224. [PMID: 34040532 PMCID: PMC8141818 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.670224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, which is characterized by the accumulation of intracellular iron and subsequent lipid peroxidation, is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death and plays an important role in tumor suppression. Herein, we showed that Polyphyllin III, which is a major saponin extracted from Paris polyphylla rhizomes, exerted its proliferation-inhibitory effect on MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells mainly through ACSL4-mediated lipid peroxidation elevation and ferroptosis induction. ACSL4 deletion partly attenuated Polyphyllin III-induced ferroptosis. Polyphyllin III treatment also induced KLF4-mediated protective upregulation of xCT, which is the negative regulator of ferroptosis. Interestingly, combination with the xCT inhibitor sulfasalazine (SAS) or downregulation of KLF4 sensitized MDA-MB-231 cells to Polyphyllin III. Furthermore, in vivo xenograft models, SAS significantly sensitized MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to Polyphyllin III, likely by enhancing intracellular lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. The results of this study collectively demonstrated that Polyphyllin III exerts its anticancer effect by inducing ferroptosis via ACSL4 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. More importantly, we observed for the first time that KLF4-mediated xCT upregulation serves as negative feedback during ferroptosis progression, which might contribute to drug resistance in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoqing Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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18
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circUBAP2 exacerbates malignant capabilities of NSCLC by targeting KLF4 through miR-3182 modulation. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11083-11095. [PMID: 33882454 PMCID: PMC8109095 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemo-resistance and refractoriness remain challenges for Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and the underlying molecular mechanisms haven’t been fully explained. In this study, we investigated the influence of circUBAP2 on the NSCLC tumor cells. This study might provide novel therapeutic targets for NSCLC treatment. Clinical samples and NSCLC cell lines were used to investigate circUBAP2 expressions and their impact on tumor cell chemo-resistance. CCK8 and transwell assays were conducted to explore the differences of NSCLC tumor proliferation and migration capabilities affected by circUBAP2. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to explore the detailed molecular mechanism of circUBAP2 regulation network. circUBAP2 exhibited significantly elevated average level in our clinical samples of NSCLC, compared with normal tissues. CircUBAP2 level was positively correlated with disease stage and metastatic status. circUBAP2 significantly enhanced the migration, proliferation and chemo-resistance of NSCLC cell lines. Further experiments indicated that circUBAP2 promoted malignant biological behavior of NSCLC tumor cells by targeting KLF4 through modulating miR-3182 expression. Our study demonstrated for the first time that circUBAP2 played an important role exacerbating malignant capabilities of NSCLC. circUBAP2-miR3182-KLF4 regulative network demonstrated in this study could be a novel therapeutic target for future NSCLC treatment.
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19
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Farahani DB, Akrami H, Moradi B, Mehdizadeh K, Fattahi MR. The Effect of hsa-miR-451b Knockdown on Biological Functions of Gastric Cancer Stem-Like Cells. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1203-1224. [PMID: 33725258 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous researches have extensively studied factors such as microRNAs that lead to cancer. Thus, the current study's purpose is to investigate the biological consequences of hsa-miR-451b inhibition on the properties and functions of gastric cancer stem-like cells. First, gastric cancer stem-like cells were transfected by hsa-miR-451b inhibitor then we used real-time RT-PCR to evaluate its effect on the expression of hsa-miR-451b and two of its direct target genes, Stemness markers such as KLF4, SOX2, CD44, OCT3/4 and NANOG genes and finally Akt, PI3K, Bcl-2, Bax, CASP3 and PCNA genes involved in apoptosis. Here, we conducted a DNA Laddering assay to investigate apoptosis. The level of the MMP-2 and -9 Activities and Migration were examined by Zymography and Transwell invasion assay. HUVEC cells were used to investigate angiogenesis. The outcomes revealed that the level of the MMP-2 and -9 Activities, migration and angiogenesis decreased, but apoptosis was induced by inhibiting hsa-miR-451b. Evaluating KREMEN1 and CASK expression showed that the former increased, and the latter dropped under hsa-miR-451b inhibition. Also, upregulation of the KLF4 and SOX2 and downregulation of the CD44, OCT3/4, and NANOG decreased Self-renewal ability of gastric cancer stem cells under hsa-miR-451b inhibition. Even, under hsa-miR-451b inhibition, downregulation of Akt, PI3K, Bcl-2 and PCNA as well as upregulation of Bax and CASP3 revealed a movement towards apoptosis in MKN-45 stem-like cells. In summary, hsa-miR-451b is an oncomir in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer stem-like cells and may be suggested as an appropriate therapeutic target for future gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan Akrami
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71935-1311, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Moradi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kiumars Mehdizadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71935-1311, Shiraz, Iran
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20
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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21
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Yao J, Deng K, Huang J, Zeng R, Zuo J. Progress in the Understanding of the Mechanism of Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:592912. [PMID: 33362547 PMCID: PMC7758911 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.592912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen is a drug commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer, especially for postmenopausal patients. However, its efficacy is limited by the development of drug resistance. Downregulation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is an important mechanism of tamoxifen resistance. In recent years, with progress in research into the protective autophagy of drug-resistant cells and cell cycle regulators, major breakthroughs have been made in research on tamoxifen resistance. For a better understanding of the mechanism of tamoxifen resistance, protective autophagy, cell cycle regulators, and some transcription factors and enzymes regulating the expression of the estrogen receptor are summarized in this review. In addition, recent progress in reducing resistance to tamoxifen is reviewed. Finally, we discuss the possible research directions into tamoxifen resistance in the future to provide assistance for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Yao
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The Third Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Kun Deng
- Transformation Research Lab, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jialu Huang
- Transformation Research Lab, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ruimin Zeng
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jianhong Zuo
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Transformation Research Lab, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The Third Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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22
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Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Chaihu-Shugan-San in Treatment of Breast Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3670309. [PMID: 33062007 PMCID: PMC7533014 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3670309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers endangering women's health all over the world. Traditional Chinese medicine is increasingly recognized as a possible complementary and alternative therapy for breast cancer. Chaihu-Shugan-San is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which is extensively used in clinical practice. Its therapeutic effect on breast cancer has attracted extensive attention, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism of Chaihu-Shugan-San in the treatment of breast cancer by network pharmacology. The results showed that 157 active ingredients and 8074 potential drug targets were obtained in the TCMSP database according to the screening conditions. 2384 disease targets were collected in the TTD, OMIM, DrugBank, GeneCards disease database. We applied the Bisogenet plug-in in Cytoscape 3.7.1 to obtain 451 core targets. The biological process of gene ontology (GO) involves the mRNA catabolic process, RNA catabolic process, telomere organization, nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process, heterocycle catabolic process, and so on. In cellular component, cytosolic part, focal adhesion, cell-substrate adherens junction, and cell-substrate junction are highly correlated with breast cancer. In the molecular function category, most proteins were addressed to ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding, protein domain specific binding, and Nop56p-associated pre-rRNA complex. Besides, the results of the KEGG pathway analysis showed that the pathways mainly involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, transcriptional dysregulation, endocrine resistance, and viral infection. In conclusion, the treatment of breast cancer by Chaihu-Shugan-San is the result of multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway interaction. This study provides a certain theoretical basis for the treatment of breast cancer by Chaihu-Shugan-San and has certain reference value for the development and application of new drugs.
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23
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Papatsirou M, Artemaki PI, Scorilas A, Kontos CK. The role of circular RNAs in therapy resistance of patients with solid tumors. Per Med 2020; 17:469-490. [PMID: 33052780 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of single-stranded RNA molecules forming a covalently closed, continuous structure, lacking 5'-3' polarity and polyadenylated tails. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have revealed that these molecules are abundant, resistant to degradation and often expressed in a tissue- or developmental stage-specific manner. circRNAs are produced by back-splicing circularization of primary transcripts and exhibit a variety of functions, including regulation of transcription, translation and cellular localization. This review focuses on differentially expressed circRNAs conferring therapy resistance or sensitivity of solid tumors, such as carcinomas, sarcomas and lymphomas. Deregulated circRNAs can participate in the development of resistance to treatment by modulating regulatory pathways and cellular processes, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papatsirou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15701, Greece
| | - Pinelopi I Artemaki
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15701, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15701, Greece
| | - Christos K Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15701, Greece
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24
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Wei Y, Li H, Qu Q. miR-484 suppresses endocrine therapy-resistant cells by inhibiting KLF4-induced cancer stem cells in estrogen receptor-positive cancers. Breast Cancer 2020; 28:175-186. [PMID: 32865695 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy (mainly anti-estrogen therapy) is the mainstay of treatment for estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer (BCa). However, approximately one-third of BCa patients who receive endocrine therapy may develop resistance. The detailed mechanism is still unclear. MCF7 and T-47D cells were treated with ERα antagonist tamoxifen for 2 months until they became tamoxifen-resistant. qPCR was used to detect the stem markers like CD44, OCT4 and SOX2. Flow cytometry and sphere formation were performed to test the stemness. Cell growth and invasiveness were measured by MTS assay, xenograft mouse model, and invasion assay. We found that tamoxifen resistant BCa cells acquired certain malignant phenotypes, such as higher expression of KLF4, stemness and enhanced invasiveness. Furthermore, miR-484 was found to act as a tumor suppressor and directly downregulated KLF4. KLF4-induced cancer stem cell (CSCs) contributes to anti-ER therapy resistant and is a potential target in endocrine therapy-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanxin Qu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Zhou Z, Song X, Chi JJ, Gius DR, Huang Y, Cristofanilli M, Wan Y. Regulation of KLF4 by posttranslational modification circuitry in endocrine resistance. Cell Signal 2020; 70:109574. [PMID: 32084531 PMCID: PMC7511032 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
KLF4 plays an important role in orchestrating a variety of cellular events, including cell-fate decision, genome stability and apoptosis. Its deregulation is correlated with human diseases such as breast cancer and gastrointestinal cancer. Results from recent biochemical studies have revealed that KLF4 is tightly regulated by posttranslational modifications. Here we report a new finding that KLF4 orchestrates estrogen receptor signaling and facilitates endocrine resistance. We also uncovered the underlying mechanism that alteration of KLF4 by posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitylation changes tumor cell response to endocrine therapy drugs. IHC analyses using based on human breast cancer specimens showed the accumulation of KLF4 protein in ER-positive breast cancer tissues. Elevated KLF4 expression significantly correlated with prognosis and endocrine resistance. Our drug screening for suppressing KLF4 protein expression led to identification of Src kinase to be a critical player in modulating KLF4-mediated tamoxifen resistance. Depletion of VHL (von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor), a ubiquitin E3 ligase for KLF4, reduces tumor cell sensitivity to tamoxifen. We demonstrated phosphorylation of VHL by Src enhances proteolysis of VHL that in turn leads to upregulation of KLF4 and increases endocrine resistance. Suppression of Src-VHL-KLF4 cascade by Src inhibitor or enhancement of VHL-KLF4 ubiquitination by TAT-KLF4 (371-420AAa) peptides re-sensitizes tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells to tamoxifen treatment. Taken together, our findings demonstrate a novel role for KLF4 in modulating endocrine resistance via the Src-VHL-KLF4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Xinxin Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Junlong Jack Chi
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - David R Gius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Yi Huang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
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26
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Li Y, Li R, Zeng Z, Li S, Luo S, Wu J, Zhou C, Xu D. Prediction of the mechanisms of Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe in the treatment of breast cancer: A comprehensive approach study with experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 252:112603. [PMID: 31981747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) holds a great promise for preventing complex chronic diseases through a holistic way. Certain Chinese medicine formulae from TCM are effective for treating and preventing cancer in clinical practice. Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe (XJR) is a Chinese medicine formula that has been used to treat breast cancer (BC). However, its active ingredients and therapeutic mechanisms on tumor are unclear. Therefore, further investigation is necessary. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to elucidate the active compounds of XJR and its molecular mechanisms for the treatment of BC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive approach was used to clarify the pharmacodynamic basis of XJR and its pharmacological mechanism, including the acquisition of differentially expressed genes of BC, screening of active ingredients and their targets, construction of complex internetwork between drugs and diseases, and analysis of the key subnetwork. Finally, these results were validated by in vitro experiments and comparison with literature reviews. RESULTS By using bioinformatics, 5211 differentially expressed genes of BC were identified, more than half of them had been reported in previous studies. By using network analysis, 113 potential bioactive compounds in the ten component herbs of XJR and 157 BC-related targets were identified, which were significantly enriched in 85 pathways and 1321 GO terms. The in vitro studies showed that quercetin and ursolic acid, the active components of XJR, could effectively inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells, and the combination of the two components could significantly decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential and suppress the activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, thus inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS XJR played an important role in anti-BC through multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms, in which quercetin and ursolic acid may be the key active components. The anticancer effect of multi-component application was better than that of a single component. This study not only deepened our understanding of the role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of diseases, but also provided a reference for the in-depth research, development and application of the ancient medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Rang Li
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zhanwei Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Siyan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Shiying Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Jiahuan Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Chenhui Zhou
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Daohua Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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27
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Lu M, Wu Y, Zeng B, Sun J, Li Y, Luo J, Wang L, Yi Z, Li H, Ren G. CircEHMT1 inhibits metastatic potential of breast cancer cells by modulating miR-1233-3p/KLF4/MMP2 axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:306-313. [PMID: 32209259 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CircRNA is a kind of covalent head-to-tail looped RNA and plays an important role in tumor development. However, the identification of new potential targetable circRNAs to inhibit cancer development is still a huge challenge. In this study, we found that circEHMT1 inhibited migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, we identified miR-1233-3p as a target of circEHMT1, and the circEHMT1/miR-1233-3p axis regulated matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP2) by modulating the transcription factor Krϋppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). In summary, we showed that circEHMT1 has potential as a prognostic factor in breast cancer and played a tumor suppressor role via the circEHMT1/miR-1233-3p/KLF4/MMP2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yushen Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Beilei Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiazheng Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziying Yi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongzhong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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28
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Ye S, Hu X, Ni C, Jin W, Xu Y, Chang L, Zhou H, Jiang J, Yang L. KLF4 p.A472D Mutation Contributes to Acquired Resistance to Cetuximab in Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:956-965. [PMID: 31924740 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the increase of treatment course, resistance to EGFR blockade is inevitable in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). KRAS mutations have been considered to be primary drivers of this resistance; however, the potential function of other genes has not been extensively investigated. This study collected 17 plasma samples from patients with mCRC with cetuximab resistance, and target-capture deep sequencing was used to identify mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Analysis of mutational prevalence in ctDNA was performed from three colorectal cancer tissue-based datasets and one ctDNA dataset. The prevalence of mutations identified in ctDNA was consistent with both colorectal cancer tissue-based and ctDNA datasets. Clonal analysis revealed that 41.2% of patients were positive for at least one subclone. Multiple mechanisms of cetuximab resistance were coexisted in individual patients, and one of the patients even harbored nine distinct mutations. In particular, functional study of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) p.A472D revealed increased cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer cells, which was associated with the increased phosphorylation of downstream EGFR signaling proteins. These results suggest that KLF4 p.A472D may contribute to cetuximab resistance in patients with mCRC and thus may serve as a new biomarker in clinical application. Monitoring somatic mutations related to cetuximab resistance in patients with mCRC through ctDNA may provide real-time insights for clinical reference and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ye
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoge Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology & Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | | | - Huaixiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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29
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Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wu P, Chen D. Long non-coding RNA LINC00673 silencing inhibits proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells via decreasing KLF4 promoter methylation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1878-1892. [PMID: 31881124 PMCID: PMC6991650 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the major causes of cancer‐related mortality in men across the world. Recently, long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and Kruppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) have been reported to participate in the biology of multiple cancers including prostate cancer. Here, this study aimed to explore the possible role of LINC00673 in prostate cancer via KLF4 gene promoter methylation. Microarray‐based gene expression profiling of prostate cancer was employed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes, after which the expression of LINC00673 and KLF4 in prostate cancer tissues was determined using RT‐qPCR. Next, the relationship between LINC00673 and KLF4 was evaluated using in silico analysis. Further, the effect of LINC00673 and KLF4 on cell proliferation and drug resistance of transfected cells was examined with gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experimentation. It was found that LINC00673 was highly expressed, while KLF4 was poorly expressed in prostate cancer tissues. Additionally, LINC00673 could bind to KLF4 gene promoter region and recruit methyltransferase to the KLF4 gene promoter region. Moreover, LINC00673 silencing was demonstrated to reduce methylation of the KLF4 gene promoter to elevate the expression of KLF4, thus suppressing the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells. In summary, LINC00673 silencing could drive demethylation of the KLF4 gene promoter and thus inhibit the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells, suggesting that silencing of LINC00673 and elevation of KLF4 could serve as tumour suppressors in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Xining, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pingeng Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Central Lab, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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30
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Wang JJ, Huang YQ, Song W, Li YF, Wang H, Wang WJ, Huang M. Comprehensive analysis of the lncRNA‑associated competing endogenous RNA network in breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:2572-2582. [PMID: 31638237 PMCID: PMC6826329 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to be potential prognostic markers in a variety of cancers and to interact with microRNAs (miRNAs) as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to regulate target gene expression. However, the role of lncRNA‑mediated ceRNAs in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. In the present study, a ceRNA network was generated to explore their role in BC. The expression profiles of mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs in 1,109 BC tissues and 113 normal breast tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). A total of 3,198 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 150 differentially DEmiRNAs and 1,043 DElncRNAs were identified between BC and normal tissues. A lncRNA‑miRNA‑mRNA network associated with BC was successfully constructed based on the combined data obtained from RNA databases, and comprised 97 lncRNA nodes, 24 miRNA nodes and 74 mRNA nodes. The biological functions of the 74 DEmRNAs were further investigated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The results demonstrated that the DEmRNAs were significantly enriched in two GO biological process categories; the main biological process enriched term was 'positive regulation of GTPase activity'. By KEGG analysis, four key enriched pathways were obtained, including the 'MAPK signaling pathway', the 'Ras signaling pathway', 'prostate cancer', and the 'FoxO signaling pathway'. Kaplan‑Meier survival analysis revealed that six DElncRNAs (INC AC112721.1, LINC00536, MIR7‑3HG, ADAMTS9‑AS1, AL356479.1 and LINC00466), nine DEmRNAs (KPNA2, RACGAP1, SHCBP1, ZNF367, NTRK2, ORS1, PTGS2, RASGRP1 and SFRP1) and two DEmiRNAs (hsa‑miR‑301b and hsa‑miR‑204) had significant effects on overall survival in BC. The present results demonstrated the aberrant expression of INC AC112721.1, AL356479.1, LINC00466 and MIR7‑3HG in BC, indicating their potential prognostic role in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Qing Huang
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Intervention and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215001, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- Department of Oncology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jining Cancer Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Wang
- Department of Radio‑Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215001, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215001, P.R. China
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31
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Wang J, Xie S, Yang J, Xiong H, Jia Y, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Ying X, Chen C, Ye C, Wang L, Zhou J. The long noncoding RNA H19 promotes tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer via autophagy. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:81. [PMID: 31340867 PMCID: PMC6657081 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tamoxifen resistance remains a clinical challenge for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Recently, dysregulations in autophagy have been suggested as a potential mechanism for tamoxifen resistance. Although the long noncoding RNA H19 is involved in various stages of tumorigenesis, its role in tamoxifen resistance remains unknown. Here, we assessed the role of H19 in the development of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR analyzed expression of H19 in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer tissues. Knockdown of H19 was used to assess the sensitivity to tamoxifen in vitro and in vivo. Both knockdown and overexpression of H19 were used to analyze the status of autophagy. Real-time quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, chromatin immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and Western blot were used to explore the tamoxifen resistance mechanism of H19. Results In this study, we observed that the expression of H19 was substantially upregulated in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cell line and tumor tissues, and knockdown of H19 enhanced the sensitivity to tamoxifen both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of H19 significantly inhibited autophagy in MCF7 tamoxifen-resistant (MCF7/TAMR) cells. Conversely, overexpression of H19 promoted autophagy. Interestingly, overexpression of H19 in MCF7 tamoxifen-sensitive cells could recapitulate tamoxifen resistance. Moreover, an increase in methylation in the promoter region of Beclin1 was observed in MCF7/TAMR-shH19 cells. In the double knockdown groups, both shH19+shSAHH and shH19+shDNMT3B rescued the Beclin1 promoter region methylation levels and reactivated autophagy functions. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay further validated that DNMT3B binds to the Beclin1 promoter region and the knockdown of H19 increases this binding. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that H19 induces autophagy activation via the H19/SAHH/DNMT3B axis, which could contribute to tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-019-0747-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuduo Xie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanchu Xiong
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunlu Jia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yulu Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Ying
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China. .,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China. .,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang L, Shen F, Stroehlein JR, Wei D. Context-dependent functions of KLF4 in cancers: Could alternative splicing isoforms be the key? Cancer Lett 2018; 438:10-16. [PMID: 30217565 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is an important transcription factor that is expressed in a variety of tissues and regulates many critical physiologic and cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, stem cell reprogramming, maintenance of genomic stability, and normal tissue homeostasis. KLF4 has both tumor suppressive and oncogenic functions in gastrointestinal and other cancers. These functions are thought to be context dependent, but how KLF4 exerts these differential functions and the molecular mechanisms behind them remain poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that the KLF4 gene undergoes alternative splicing, and the protein products of certain transcripts antagonize wild-type KLF4 function, suggesting an additional layer of regulation of KLF4 function. Therefore, detailed study of KLF4 alternative splicing may not only provide new insights into the complexity of KLF4 functions but also lead to rational targeting of KLF4 for cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John R Stroehlein
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Lee S, Lee E, Ko E, Ham M, Lee HM, Kim ES, Koh M, Lim HK, Jung J, Park SY, Moon A. Tumor-associated macrophages secrete CCL2 and induce the invasive phenotype of human breast epithelial cells through upregulation of ERO1-α and MMP-9. Cancer Lett 2018; 437:25-34. [PMID: 30165193 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major components of tumor microenvironment that promote invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of TAMs on phenotypic conversion of non-neoplastic MCF10A human breast epithelial cells using an indirect co-culture system. Co-culture with TAMs induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasive phenotype, and MMP-9 upregulation in MCF10A cells. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed that endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase (ERO)1-α was increased in MCF10A cells co-cultured with TAMs compared to that in mono-cultured cells. ERO1-α was crucial for TAMs-induced invasive phenotype and MMP-9 upregulation involving transcription factors c-fos and c-Jun. Cytokine array analysis showed that levels of interleukin (IL)-6, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)1, C-C motif ligand (CCL)2, growth-regulated protein (GRO), IL-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were increased in conditioned media of co-cultured cells. Among these cytokines increased in conditioned media of co-cultured cells, CCL2 was secreted from TAMs, leading to induction of ERO1-α, MMP-9 upregulation, and invasiveness in MCF10A cells. Our findings elucidated a molecular mechanism underlying the aggressive phenotypic change of non-neoplastic breast cells by co-culture with TAMs, providing useful information for prevention or treatment of recurrent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungeun Lee
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunhye Lee
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - EunYi Ko
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mina Ham
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Min Lee
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Kim
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minsoo Koh
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyung Lim
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joohee Jung
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
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The novel KLF4/PLAC8 signaling pathway regulates lung cancer growth. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:603. [PMID: 29789534 PMCID: PMC5964121 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) plays an important role in normal cellular process and human diseases, including multiple types of human tumors, and its role is highly relied upon in cellular and physiologic contexts. However, there are no reports on its expression profile and biological roles during lung cancer development. In the current study, both the clinical implications and biological effects of PLAC8 in lung cancer (LC) progression were investigated, and we identified and described the novel Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)/PLAC8 regulatory pathway in cancer progression. Elevated PLAC8 levels were positively correlated with tumor size, histological grade, and tumor node metasis (TNM) stage, and LC patients with high PLAC8 expression suffered poor outcomes. In vitro and in vivo assays further revealed that endogenous PLAC8 promoted cell proliferation and tumor formation. We also found downregulated PLAC8 protein in several LC cell lines following the induction of KLF4, and immunohistochemistry analysis of LC tissues by microarray indicated a potential inverse correlation between PLAC8 and KLF4 expression. Luciferase reporter analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays determined that KLF4 negatively regulated PLAC8 promoter activity via directly binding to the promoter region. Furthermore, the growth inhibition resulting from KLF4 overexpression was partially rescued by ectopic PLAC8 expression. Together, our data uncovered a previously unidentified role of PLAC8 as a central mediator in LC progression. PLAC8 was transcriptionally repressed by KLF4, and the novel KLF4/PLAC8 axis may act as a promising candidate target for LC diagnosis and therapy.
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