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Abate M, Lombardi A, Luce A, Porru M, Leonetti C, Bocchetti M, Campani V, De Rosa G, Graziano SF, Nele V, Cardile F, Marino FZ, Franco R, Ronchi A, Scrima M, Sperlongano R, Alfano R, Misso G, Amler E, Caraglia M, Zappavigna S. Fluorescent nanodiamonds as innovative delivery systems for MiR-34a replacement in breast cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 33:127-141. [PMID: 37449042 PMCID: PMC10336355 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds are innovative nanocrystalline carbon particles able to deliver chemically conjugated miRNAs. In oncology, the use of miRNA-based therapies may represent an advantage, based on their ability to simultaneously target multiple intracellular oncogenic targets. Here, nanodiamonds were tested and optimized to deliver miR-34a, a miRNA playing a key role in inhibiting tumor development and progression in many cancers. The physical-chemical properties of nanodiamonds were investigated suggesting electrical stability and uniformity of structure and size. Moreover, we evaluated nanodiamond cytotoxicity on two breast cancer cell models and confirmed their excellent biocompatibility. Subsequently, nanodiamonds were conjugated with miR-34a, using the chemical crosslinker polyethyleneimine; real-time PCR analysis revealed a higher level of miR-34a in cancer cells treated with the different formulations of nanodiamonds than with commercial transfectant. A significant and early nanodiamond-miR-34a uptake was recorded by FACS and fluorescence microscopy analysis in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, nanodiamond-miR-34a significantly inhibited both cell proliferation and migration. Finally, a remarkable anti-tumor effect of miR-34a-conjugated nanodiamonds was observed in both heterotopic and orthotopic murine xenograft models. In conclusion, this study provides a rationale for the development of new therapeutic strategies based on use of miR-34a delivered by nanodiamonds to improve the clinical treatment of neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Abate
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Amalia Luce
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Manuela Porru
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, E Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Leonetti
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, E Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Bocchetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sossio Fabio Graziano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Nele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Cardile
- Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Federica Zito Marino
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Pathology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Pathology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ronchi
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Pathology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Scrima
- Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Rossella Sperlongano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Alfano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences “DAMSS,” University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via S. M. di Costantinopoli 104, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Evzen Amler
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Novel Anti-Cancer Products Targeting AMPK: Natural Herbal Medicine against Breast Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020740. [PMID: 36677797 PMCID: PMC9863744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common cancer in women worldwide. The existing clinical treatment strategies have been able to limit the progression of breast cancer and cancer metastasis, but abnormal metabolism, immunosuppression, and multidrug resistance involving multiple regulators remain the major challenges for the treatment of breast cancer. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) can regulate metabolic reprogramming and reverse the "Warburg effect" via multiple metabolic signaling pathways in breast cancer. Previous studies suggest that the activation of AMPK suppresses the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells, as well as stimulating the responses of immune cells. However, some other reports claim that the development and poor prognosis of breast cancer are related to the overexpression and aberrant activation of AMPK. Thus, the role of AMPK in the progression of breast cancer is still controversial. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of AMPK, particularly the comprehensive bidirectional functions of AMPK in cancer progression; discuss the pharmacological activators of AMPK and some specific molecules, including the natural products (including berberine, curcumin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginsenosides, and paclitaxel) that influence the efficacy of these activators in cancer therapy; and elaborate the role of AMPK as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Kim JK, Silwal P, Jo EK. Sirtuin 1 in Host Defense during Infection. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182921. [PMID: 36139497 PMCID: PMC9496836 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are members of the class III histone deacetylase family and epigenetically control multiple target genes to modulate diverse biological responses in cells. Among the SIRTs, SIRT1 is the most well-studied, with a role in the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses following infection. The functions of SIRT1 include orchestrating immune, inflammatory, metabolic, and autophagic responses, all of which are required in establishing and controlling host defenses during infection. In this review, we summarize recent information on the roles of SIRT1 and its regulatory mechanisms during bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. We also discuss several SIRT1 modulators, as potential antimicrobial treatments. Understanding the function of SIRT1 in balancing immune homeostasis will contribute to the development of new therapeutics for the treatment of infection and inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Prashanta Silwal
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Zhang H, Ma C, Peng M, Lv X, Xie X, Huang R. The prognostic implications of SIRTs expression in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:69. [PMID: 35927590 PMCID: PMC9352848 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuins (SIRTs) have key roles in cancer progression. However, the prognostic implications of SIRTs in breast cancer (BC) remains a subject of debate and controversy. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to identify the precise prognostic value of SIRTs in BC patients. METHODS Systematic literature searching was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the association of SIRTs expression and survival outcomes in BC patients. RESULTS A total of 22 original studies with 6317 patients were eligible for this meta-analysis. The results showed that in patients with BC, elevated SIRTs levels were associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) both in univariate (HR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.21-2.00; HR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.32-2.12, respectively) and multivariate analysis models (HR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.48-3.00; HR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.20-2.39, respectively). Notably, further subgroup analysis revealed that overexpression of SIRT1 and SIRT6 predicted poor OS (HR = 2.65, 95% CI 1.54-4.56; HR = 2.53, 95% CI 1.64-3.90, respectively) and DFS (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.07-2.56; HR = 2.74; 95% CI 1.88-4.01, respectively) in BC. CONCLUSIONS Our data has elucidated that SIRT1 and SIRT6 could serve as prognostic biomarkers for patients with BC and may contribute to refined patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Chenyang Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Mingying Peng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiaoai Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Run Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200000, China.
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Gómez-Virgilio L, Silva-Lucero MDC, Flores-Morelos DS, Gallardo-Nieto J, Lopez-Toledo G, Abarca-Fernandez AM, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Luna-Muñoz J, Montiel-Sosa F, Soto-Rojas LO, Pacheco-Herrero M, Cardenas-Aguayo MDC. Autophagy: A Key Regulator of Homeostasis and Disease: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms and Modulators. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152262. [PMID: 35892559 PMCID: PMC9329718 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway active at basal levels in all cells. However, under stress conditions, such as a lack of nutrients or trophic factors, it works as a survival mechanism that allows the generation of metabolic precursors for the proper functioning of the cells until the nutrients are available. Neurons, as post-mitotic cells, depend largely on autophagy to maintain cell homeostasis to get rid of damaged and/or old organelles and misfolded or aggregated proteins. Therefore, the dysfunction of this process contributes to the pathologies of many human diseases. Furthermore, autophagy is highly active during differentiation and development. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the different pathways, molecular mechanisms, factors that induce it, and the regulation of mammalian autophagy. We also discuss its relevant role in development and disease. Finally, here we summarize several investigations demonstrating that autophagic abnormalities have been considered the underlying reasons for many human diseases, including liver disease, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, neoplastic diseases, cancers, and, more recently, infectious diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2 caused COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gómez-Virgilio
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
| | - Maria-del-Carmen Silva-Lucero
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
| | - Diego-Salvador Flores-Morelos
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39070, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Jazmin Gallardo-Nieto
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Biotechnology Engeniering, Universidad Politécnica de Quintana Roo, Cancún 77500, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Lopez-Toledo
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
| | - Arminda-Mercedes Abarca-Fernandez
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Biotechnology Engeniering, Universidad Politécnica de Quintana Roo, Cancún 77500, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Ana-Elvira Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39070, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - José Luna-Muñoz
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 53150, Estado de México, Mexico; (J.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.)
- Banco Nacional de Cerebros-UNPHU, Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Santo Domingo 11805, Dominican Republic
| | - Francisco Montiel-Sosa
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 53150, Estado de México, Mexico; (J.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.)
| | - Luis O. Soto-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico;
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Mar Pacheco-Herrero
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros 51000, Dominican Republic;
| | - Maria-del-Carmen Cardenas-Aguayo
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-2907-0937
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Patra SK, Sinha N, Molla F, Sengupta A, Chakraborty S, Roy S, Ghosh S. In-vivo protein nitration facilitates Vibrio cholerae cell survival under anaerobic, nutrient deprived conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 728:109358. [PMID: 35872323 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine nitration (PTN), a highly selective post translational modification, occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells under nitrosative stress. However, its physiological function is not yet clear. Like many gut pathogens, Vibrio cholerae also faces nitrosative stress, which makes proteome more vulnerable to PTN. Here, we report for the first time in-vivo PTN in V. cholerae by immunoblotting and LC-ESI-MS/MS proteomic analysis. Our results indicated that in-vivo PTN in V. cholerae was culture media independent. Surprisingly, in-vivo PTN was reduced in V. cholerae proteome under anaerobic or hypoxic condition in a nutrient deprived state. Interestingly, intracellular nitrate content was more than the nitrite content in V. cholerae under anaerobic conditions. Additionally, biochemical measurement of GSH/GSSG ratio, activities of catalase and SOD, ROS and RNS imaging by confocal microscopy confirmed a relative intracellular oxidizing environment in V. cholerae under anaerobic conditions. This altered redox environment favors the oxidation of nitrite which may be generated from protein denitration enriching the intracellular nitrate pool. The cell survival of V. cholerae can finally be facilitated by nitrate reductase (NapA) utilizing that nitrate pool. Our cell viability study using wild type and ΔnapA strain of V. cholerae also supported the role of NapA mediated cell survival under nutrient deprived anaerobic conditions. In spite of having nitrate reductase (NapA), V. cholerae lacks any nitrite reductase (NiR). Hence, in-vivo nitration may provide an avenue for toxic nitrite storage and also may help in nitrosative stress tolerance mechanism preventing further unnecessary protein nitration in V. cholerae proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar Patra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Firoz Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayantika Sengupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhamoy Chakraborty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjay Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Lei Y, Huang Y, Wen X, Yin Z, Zhang Z, Klionsky DJ. How Cells Deal with the Fluctuating Environment: Autophagy Regulation under Stress in Yeast and Mammalian Systems. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020304. [PMID: 35204187 PMCID: PMC8868404 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells frequently experience fluctuations of the external and internal environments, such as changes in nutrient, energy and oxygen sources, and protein folding status, which, after reaching a particular threshold, become a type of stress. Cells develop several ways to deal with these various types of stress to maintain homeostasis and survival. Among the cellular survival mechanisms, autophagy is one of the most critical ways to mediate metabolic adaptation and clearance of damaged organelles. Autophagy is maintained at a basal level under normal growing conditions and gets stimulated by stress through different but connected mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the advances in understanding the autophagy regulation mechanisms under multiple types of stress including nutrient, energy, oxidative, and ER stress in both yeast and mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Lei
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yuxiang Huang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xin Wen
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhangyuan Yin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhihai Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence:
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8
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Castro ED, Mathias PPM, Batista WL, Sato AYS, Toledo MS, de Almeida VT, Curcio MF, da Costa PE, Stern A, Monteiro HP. Knockdown of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) splicing variant S3 promotes autophagic cell death from nitrosative stress in SW480 human colon cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:158-169. [PMID: 34719858 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of nitric oxide (NO) produced by constitutively expressed inducible NO synthase (NOS2) in tumor cells may be an important factor in their development. NOS2 expression is associated with high mortality rates for various cancers. Alternative splicing of NOS2 down-regulates its enzymatic activity, resulting in decreased intracellular NO concentrations. Specific probes to detect alternative splicing of NOS2 were used in two isogenic human colon cancer cell lines derived either from the primary tumor (SW480) or from a lymph node metastasis (SW620). Splicing variant of NOS2 S3, lacking exons 9, 10, and 11, was overexpressed in SW480 cells. NOS2 S3 was silenced in SW480 cells. Flow-cytometry analysis was used to estimate the intracellular NO levels and to analyze the cell cycle of the studied cell lines. Western blot analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to determine apoptosis and autophagy markers. SW480 and SW620 cells expressed NOS2 S3. Overexpression of the NOS2 S3 in SW480 cells downregulated intracellular NO levels. SW480 cells with knocked down NOS2 S3 (referred to as S3C9 cells) had higher intracellular levels of NO compared to the wild-type SW480 cells under serum restriction. Higher NO levels resulted in the loss of viability of S3C9 cells, which was associated with autophagy. Induction of autophagy by elevated intracellular NO levels in S3C9 cells under serum restriction, suggests that autophagy operates as a cytotoxic response to nitrosative stress. The expression of NOS2 S3 plays an important role in regulating intracellular NO production and maintaining viability in SW480 cells under serum restriction. These findings may prove significant in the design of NOS2/NO-based therapies for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa D Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo M Mathias
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Batista
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex Yuri S Sato
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maytê S Toledo
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor T de Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marli F Curcio
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo E da Costa
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arnold Stern
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hugo P Monteiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chatterjee S, Chakrabarty Y, Banerjee S, Ghosh S, Bhattacharyya SN. Mitochondria control mTORC1 activity-linked compartmentalization of eIF4E to regulate extracellular export of microRNAs. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs250241. [PMID: 33262313 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective intracellular trafficking and export of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been observed in growth-retarded mammalian cells having impaired mitochondrial potential and dynamics. Here, we found that uncoupling protein 2 (Ucp2)-mediated depolarization of mitochondrial membrane also results in progressive sequestration of miRNAs within polysomes and lowers their release via extracellular vesicles. Interestingly, the impaired miRNA-trafficking process in growth-retarded human cells could be reversed in the presence of Genipin, an inhibitor of Ucp2. Mitochondrial detethering of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), observed in cells with depolarized mitochondria, was found to be responsible for defective compartmentalization of translation initiation factor eIF4E to polysomes attached to ER. This caused a retarded translation process accompanied by enhanced retention of miRNAs and target mRNAs within ER-attached polysomes to restrict extracellular export of miRNAs. Reduced compartment-specific activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), the master regulator of protein synthesis, in cells with defective mitochondria or detethered ER, caused reduced phosphorylation of eIF4E-BP1 and prevented eIF4E targeting to ER-attached polysomes and miRNA export. These data suggest how mitochondrial membrane potential and dynamics, by affecting mTORC1 activity and compartmentalization, determine the subcellular localization and export of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Chatterjee
- RNA Biology Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Yogaditya Chakrabarty
- RNA Biology Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Saikat Banerjee
- RNA Biology Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Souvik Ghosh
- RNA Biology Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suvendra N Bhattacharyya
- RNA Biology Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
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Zhang J, Wang E, Zhang L, Zhou B. PSPH induces cell autophagy and promotes cell proliferation and invasion in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh7 via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2020; 45:305-319. [PMID: 33079432 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), a key enzyme of the l-serine synthesis pathway, has been involved in cancer progression and survival. However, limited evidence revealed the PSPH influence on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we observed that PSPH expression was upregulated in both HCC tissues and cell lines, which was determined by western blotting. TCGA database showed that the PSPH protein levels were significantly upregulated and affected patient survival rates in HCC. Then gain- and loss-of-function manipulations were performed by transfection with a pcDNA-PSPH expression vector or a specific short interfering RNA against PSPH in Huh7 cells. Huh7 cell proliferation, stemness, invasion, and apoptosis were assessed by using CCK-8 test, colony formation assay, Transwell assay, and Flow cytometry analysis, respectively, and levels of autophagy-related proteins were detected by using western blotting. The results showed that PSPH could induce Huh7 cell autophagy, promote cell proliferation and invasion, and inhibit apoptosis. The knockdown of PSPH could inhibit Huh7 cell proliferation, invasion, and autophagy. Furthermore, PSPH activated Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and TGF beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), affected the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway, but could not activate calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) in Huh7 cells. Inhibition of either LKB1, TAK1, or AMPK could eliminate the effect of PSPH overexpression on Huh7 cell behaviors. However, inhibition of CaMKK could not influence the effect of PSPH overexpression on Huh7 cell behaviors. In conclusion, PSPH could induce autophagy, promote proliferation and invasion, and inhibit apoptosis in HCC cells via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Zhang
- The Second General Surgery Department, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Erhao Wang
- Department of Medicine, Institute for DNA and its Products, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Digestive System Department, The Second Affiliand Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Zhou B, Wen M, Hu M, Peng JG, Wang Y, Fan LL, Tang L. ZG02 Improved Hepatic Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Sensitivity via Activation of AMPK/Sirt1 Signaling Pathways in a High-fat Diet/Streptozotocin-induced Type 2 Diabetes Model. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4333-4339. [PMID: 33209046 PMCID: PMC7670175 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s275145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypoglycemic activity and potential mechanism of tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives ZG02 in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes model. METHODS C57BL/6 mice (n=30) were randomly assigned to three groups: control group (n=10) was fed with normal diet, the diabetes group (n=10) was fed with high-fat diet for eight weeks followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) and the ZG02 group (n=10) injected intraperitoneally with ZG02 (30 mg/kg/day) for two weeks after successful modeling. The changes of weight, fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance and fasting blood insulin levels in each group were evaluated. In addition, we also assessed the expression level of total AMPK, phosphorylation AMPK, SIRT1, PGC-1 and the activity of G6PC in liver. RESULTS The results demonstrated that ZG02 could significantly antagonize the high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced fasting hyperglycemia, restore fasting blood insulin levels and also improve activity of G6PC in liver. The results from Western blot indicated that ZG02 significantly restored the expression level of phosphorylation AMPK, Sirt1 and PGC-1. CONCLUSION ZG02 improve hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity via activation AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathways in type 2 diabetes mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mi Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Gang Peng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin-Lin Fan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Tang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou550004, People’s Republic of China
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