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Bajpai AK, Gu Q, Orgil BO, Xu F, Torres-Rojas C, Zhao W, Chen C, Starlard-Davenport A, Jones B, Lebeche D, Towbin JA, Purevjav E, Lu L, Zhang W. Cardiac copper content and its relationship with heart physiology: Insights based on quantitative genetic and functional analyses using BXD family mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1089963. [PMID: 36818345 PMCID: PMC9931904 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1089963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Copper (Cu) is essential for the functioning of various enzymes involved in important cellular and physiological processes. Although critical for normal cardiac function, excessive accumulation, or deficiency of Cu in the myocardium is detrimental to the heart. Fluctuations in cardiac Cu content have been shown to cause cardiac pathologies and imbalance in systemic Cu metabolism. However, the genetic basis underlying cardiac Cu levels and their effects on heart traits remain to be understood. Representing the largest murine genetic reference population, BXD strains have been widely used to explore genotype-phenotype associations and identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes. Methods Cardiac Cu concentration and heart function in BXD strains were measured, followed by QTL mapping. The candidate genes modulating Cu homeostasis in mice hearts were identified using a multi-criteria scoring/filtering approach. Results Significant correlations were identified between cardiac Cu concentration and left ventricular (LV) internal diameter and volumes at end-diastole and end-systole, demonstrating that the BXDs with higher cardiac Cu levels have larger LV chamber. Conversely, cardiac Cu levels negatively correlated with LV posterior wall thickness, suggesting that lower Cu concentration in the heart is associated with LV hypertrophy. Genetic mapping identified six QTLs containing a total of 217 genes, which were further narrowed down to 21 genes that showed a significant association with cardiac Cu content in mice. Among those, Prex1 and Irx3 are the strongest candidates involved in cardiac Cu modulation. Conclusion Cardiac Cu level is significantly correlated with heart chamber size and hypertrophy phenotypes in BXD mice, while being regulated by multiple genes in several QTLs. Prex1 and Irx3 may be involved in modulating Cu metabolism and its downstream effects and warrant further experimental and functional validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Qingqing Gu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Buyan-Ochir Orgil
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,School of Pharmacy, Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Carolina Torres-Rojas
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Athena Starlard-Davenport
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Byron Jones
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Towbin
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Memphis, TN, United States,Pediatric Cardiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Enkhsaikhan Purevjav
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Children’s Foundation Research Institute, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Lu Lu,
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Wenjing Zhang,
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Yu H, Chen Q, Wang Z, Qian X, Pan Y. Pan-cancer and single-cell analysis reveals FAM83D expression as a cancer prognostic biomarker. Front Genet 2022; 13:1009325. [PMID: 36568373 PMCID: PMC9780495 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1009325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The family with sequence similarity 83 member D (FAM83D) protein is known to play a significant role in many human diseases. However, its role in cancer remains ambiguous. This study aimed to investigate the function of FAM83D in a pan-cancer analysis, with a special focus on breast cancer. Methods: Samples were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and used for bioinformatic analysis. Datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases were also analyzed for verification. The potential value of FAM83D as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker was visualized through R software. The "survival" and "GSVA" package were used for univariate, multivariate and pathway enrichment analyseis. We further analyzed the CancerSEA databases and TISIDB websites for single-cell and immune-related profiling. Lastly, we validated those data in vitro using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT‒qPCR), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, flow cytometry, and tumorigenicity assays in a murine cell line model. Results: The expression of FAM83D in tumor samples was significantly higher than in normal tissues for most cancer types in the datasets. We confirmed this finding using RT‒qPCR in a breast cancer cell line. Analysis of multiple datasets suggests that overall survival (OS) was extremely poor for breast cancer patients with high FAM83D expression. The CCK-8 assay demonstrated that MCF-7 cell proliferation was inhibited after genetic silencing of FAM83D. Transwell assay showed that knockdown of FAM83D significantly inhibited the invasion and migration ability of MCF-7 cells compared to the control. The results of flow cytometry showed that silencing FAM83D could block the G1 phase of MCF-7 cells compared with negative groups. The tumorigenicity assay in nude mice indicated that the tumorigenic ability to silence FAM83D decreased compared. Conclusion: Results suggest that FAM83D expression can serve as a valuable biomarker and core gene across cancer types. Furthermore, FAM83D expression is significantly associated with MCF-7 cell proliferation and thus may be a prospective prognostic biomarker especially for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Yu
- Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China West District, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Ziming Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China West District, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojun Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Xiaojun Qian, ; Yueyin Pan,
| | - Yueyin Pan
- Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China West District, Hefei, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Xiaojun Qian, ; Yueyin Pan,
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3
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Meng T, Tong Z, Yang MY, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang ZZ, Zhu LX, Wu J. Immune implication of FAM83D gene in hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3578-3592. [PMID: 34308751 PMCID: PMC8806426 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1950260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FAM83D has been demonstrated to contribute to tumorigenesis. However, its immune effects in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been reported. This study aimed to identify the immune role of FAM83D in HCC. FAM83D was over-expressed in HCC and contributed to poor prognosis according to the results of data analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Afterward, the levels of immune cells infiltration were found to be correlated with the expression level of FAM83D in HCC. Through TISIDB and cBioPortal network tools, a total of 82 FAM83D-associated genes were screened out, including 12 immunoinhibitors, 20 immunostimulators and 50 tightly co-expressed genes. TCGA cohort was divided into train set and test set on the basis of the proportion of 7:3. According to FAM83D-associated immunomodulators, a four gene predicted model was established using train set via the Cox regression analysis. Survival analysis demonstrated that the overall survival (OS) of high-risk HCC patients was poor compared with the patients in low-risk group. The reliability and predicted power of the risk-score model were identified by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A risk-score based nomogram as well as a calibration curve, which were created could be used to anticipate patient’s 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival probabilities. The test set was used to validate these results. Our findings showed that the FAM83D gene was related with HCC immunity. The immune marker chosen could be a promising biomarker for HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Meng
- Department of General Surgery and Centre Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhong Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Hefei City First People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Ya Yang
- Department of General Surgery and Centre Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery and Centre Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery and Centre Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Centre Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Xin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery and Centre Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Centre Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Smith AL, Gjoka E, Izhar M, Novo KJ, Mason BC, De Las Casas A, Waddell DS. FGGY carbohydrate kinase domain containing is expressed and alternatively spliced in skeletal muscle and attenuates MAP kinase and Akt signaling. Gene 2021; 800:145836. [PMID: 34280510 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy can result from a range of physiological conditions, including denervation, immobilization, hindlimb unweighting, and aging. To better characterize the molecular genetic events of atrophy, a microarray analysis revealed that FGGY carbohydrate kinase domain containing (Fggy) is expressed in skeletal muscle and is induced in response to denervation. Bioinformatic analysis of the Fggy gene locus revealed two validated isoforms with alternative transcription initiation sites that we have designated Fggy-L-552 and Fggy-S-387. Additionally, we cloned two novel alternative splice variants, designated Fggy-L-482 and Fggy-S-344, from cultured muscle cells suggesting that at least four Fggy splice variants are expressed in skeletal muscle. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed using RNA isolated from muscle cells and primers designed to distinguish the four alternative Fggy transcripts and found that the Fggy-L transcripts are more highly expressed during myoblast differentiation, while the Fggy-S transcripts show relatively stable expression in proliferating myoblasts and differentiated myotubes. Confocal fluorescent microscopy revealed that the Fggy-L variants appear to localize evenly throughout the cytoplasm, while the Fggy-S variants produce a more punctuate cytoplasmic localization pattern in proliferating muscle cells. Finally, ectopic expression of Fggy-L-552 and Fggy-S-387 resulted in inhibition of muscle cell differentiation and attenuation of the MAP kinase and Akt signaling pathways. The identification and characterization of novel genes such as Fggy helps to improve our understanding of the molecular and cellular events that lead to atrophy and may eventually result in the identification of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia L Smith
- University of North Florida, Department of Biology, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Erisa Gjoka
- University of North Florida, Department of Biology, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Mahnoor Izhar
- University of North Florida, Department of Biology, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Karla J Novo
- University of North Florida, Department of Biology, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Brittany C Mason
- University of North Florida, Department of Biology, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Annabella De Las Casas
- University of North Florida, Department of Biology, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - David S Waddell
- University of North Florida, Department of Biology, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
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Ahn CS, Kim JG, Kang I, Kong Y. Omega-Class Glutathione Transferases of Carcinogenic Liver Fluke, Clonorchis sinensis, Modulate Apoptosis and Differentiation of Host Cholangiocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071017. [PMID: 34202740 PMCID: PMC8300630 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The small liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis causes hepatobiliary ductal infections in humans. Clonorchiasis is characterized histopathologically by ductal dysplasia, hyperplasia and metaplasia, which closely resembles cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The disruption of programmed cell death is critical for malignant transformation, while molecular events underlying these phenomena have poorly been understood in clonorchiasis-related CCA tumorigenesis. We incorporated recombinant C. sinensis omega-class glutathione transferase (rCsGSTo) 1 or 2 into human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (HIBECs) and analyzed pathophysiological alterations of HIBECs upon the application of oxidative stress. rCsGSTos partially but significantly rescued HIBECs from cell death by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis (p < 0.01). rCsGSTos modulated transcriptional levels of numerous genes. We analyzed 13 genes involved in programmed cell death (the upregulation of five antiapoptotic and two apoptotic genes, and the downregulation of one antiapoptotic and five apoptotic genes) and 11 genes associated with cell differentiation (the increase in seven and decrease in four genes) that showed significant modifications (p < 0.05). The induction profiles of the mRNA and proteins of these differentially regulated genes correlated well with each other, and mostly favored apoptotic suppression and/or cell differentiation. We detected increased active, phosphorylated forms of Src, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB p65, MKK3/6 and p38 MAPK, but not JNK and ERK1/2. CsGSTos were localized in the C. sinensis-infected rat cholangiocytes, where cytokeratin 19 was distributed. Our results demonstrated that CsGSTos excreted to the biliary lumen are internalized and accumulated in the host cholangiocytes. When cholangiocytes underwent oxidative stressful condition, CsGSTos appeared to be critically involved in both antiapoptotic process and the differentiation of host cholangiocytes through the regulation of target genes following the activation of responsible signal molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Seob Ahn
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.-S.A.); (J.-G.K.)
| | - Jeong-Geun Kim
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.-S.A.); (J.-G.K.)
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Yoon Kong
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (C.-S.A.); (J.-G.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-290-6251; Fax: +82-290-6269
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Cooper LM, West RC, Hayes CS, Waddell DS. Dual-specificity phosphatase 29 is induced during neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy and attenuates glucocorticoid receptor activity in muscle cell culture. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C441-C454. [PMID: 32639872 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00200.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is caused by a decrease in muscle size and strength and results from a range of physiological conditions, including denervation, immobilization, corticosteroid exposure and aging. Newly named dual-specificity phosphatase 29 (Dusp29) has been identified as a novel neurogenic atrophy-induced gene in skeletal muscle. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that Dusp29 expression is significantly higher in differentiated myotubes compared with proliferating myoblasts. To determine how Dusp29 is transcriptionally regulated in skeletal muscle, fragments of the promoter region of Dusp29 were cloned, fused to a reporter gene, and found to be highly inducible in response to ectopic expression of the myogenic regulatory factors (MRF), MyoD and myogenin. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis of conserved E-box elements within the proximal promoter of Dusp29 rendered a Dusp29 reporter gene unresponsive to MRF overexpression. Dusp29, an atypical Dusp also known as Dupd1/Dusp27, was found to attenuate the ERK1/2 branch of the MAP kinase signaling pathway in muscle cells and inhibit muscle cell differentiation when ectopically expressed in proliferating myoblasts. Interestingly, Dusp29 was also found to destabilize AMPK protein while simultaneously enriching the phosphorylated pool of AMPK in muscle cells. Additionally, Dusp29 overexpression resulted in a significant increase in the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein and elevation in GR phosphorylation. Finally, Dusp29 was found to significantly impair the ability of the glucocorticoid receptor to function as a transcriptional activator in muscle cells treated with dexamethasone. Identifying and characterizing the function of Dusp29 in muscle provides novel insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms for skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Cooper
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Rita C West
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Caleb S Hayes
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - David S Waddell
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
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7
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Labuzan SA, Lynch SA, Cooper LM, Waddell DS. Inhibition of protein phosphatase methylesterase 1 dysregulates MAP kinase signaling and attenuates muscle cell differentiation. Gene 2020; 739:144515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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