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Filippova TA, Masamrekh RA, Khudoklinova YY, Shumyantseva VV, Kuzikov AV. The multifaceted role of proteases and modern analytical methods for investigation of their catalytic activity. Biochimie 2024; 222:169-194. [PMID: 38494106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We discuss the diverse functions of proteases in the context of their biotechnological and medical significance, as well as analytical approaches used to determine the functional activity of these enzymes. An insight into modern approaches to studying the kinetics and specificity of proteases, based on spectral (absorption, fluorescence), mass spectrometric, immunological, calorimetric, and electrochemical methods of analysis is given. We also examine in detail electrochemical systems for determining the activity and specificity of proteases. Particular attention is given to exploring innovative electrochemical systems based on the detection of the electrochemical oxidation signal of amino acid residues, thereby eliminating the need for extra redox labels in the process of peptide synthesis. In the review, we highlight the main prospects for the further development of electrochemical systems for the study of biotechnologically and medically significant proteases, which will enable the miniaturization of the analytical process for determining the catalytic activity of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Filippova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 bld. 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513, Russia
| | - Rami A Masamrekh
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 bld. 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513, Russia
| | - Yulia Yu Khudoklinova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513, Russia
| | - Victoria V Shumyantseva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 bld. 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513, Russia
| | - Alexey V Kuzikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 bld. 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513, Russia.
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Chen H, Wang S, Zhang X, Hua X, Liu M, Wang Y, Wu S, He W. Pharmacological inhibition of RUNX1 reduces infarct size after acute myocardial infarction in rats and underlying mechanism revealed by proteomics implicates repressed cathepsin levels. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:113. [PMID: 38862712 PMCID: PMC11166773 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) results in prolonged ischemia and the subsequent cell death leads to heart failure which is linked to increased deaths or hospitalizations. New therapeutic targets are urgently needed to prevent cell death and reduce infarct size among patients with MI. Runt-related transcription factor-1 (RUNX1) is a master-regulator transcription factor intensively studied in the hematopoietic field. Recent evidence showed that RUNX1 has a critical role in cardiomyocytes post-MI. The increased RUNX1 expression in the border zone of the infarct heart contributes to decreased cardiac contractile function and can be therapeutically targeted to protect against adverse cardiac remodelling. This study sought to investigate whether pharmacological inhibition of RUNX1 function has an impact on infarct size following MI. In this work we demonstrate that inhibiting RUNX1 with a small molecule inhibitor (Ro5-3335) reduces infarct size in an in vivo rat model of acute MI. Proteomics study using data-independent acquisition method identified increased cathepsin levels in the border zone myocardium following MI, whereas heart samples treated by RUNX1 inhibitor present decreased cathepsin levels. Cathepsins are lysosomal proteases which have been shown to orchestrate multiple cell death pathways. Our data illustrate that inhibition of RUNX1 leads to reduced infarct size which is associated with the suppression of cathepsin expression. This study demonstrates that pharmacologically antagonizing RUNX1 reduces infarct size in a rat model of acute MI and unveils a link between RUNX1 and cathepsin-mediated cell death, suggesting that RUNX1 is a novel therapeutic target that could be exploited clinically to limit infarct size after an acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengshu Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xing Hua
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Simiao Wu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Weihong He
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Tavares AMV, Gonzalez EA, Viana IS, Visioli F, Vera LNP, Baldo G. Characterization of heart disease in mucopolysaccharidosis type II mice. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 67:107575. [PMID: 37730078 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII) is a progressive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the IDS gene, that leads to iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS) enzyme deficiency. The enzyme catalyzes the first step of degradation of two glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), heparan sulfate (HS) and dermatan sulfate (DS). The consequences of MPSII are progressively harmful and can lead to death by cardiac failure. The aim of this study was to characterize the cardiovascular disease in MPSII mice. Thus, we evaluated the cardiovascular function of MPSII male mice at 6, 8, and 10 months of age, through functional, histological, and biochemical analyzes. Echocardiographic analyses showed a progressive loss in cardiac function, observed through parameters such as reduction in ejection fraction (46% in control versus 28% in MPS II at 10 months, P < .01) and fractional area change (31% versus 23%, P < .05). Similar results were found in parameters of vascular competence, obtained by echo Doppler. Both aortic dilatation and an increase in pulmonary resistance were observed at all time points in MPSII mice. The histological analyses showed an increase in the thickness of the heart valves (2-fold thicker than control values at 10 months). Biochemical analyzes confirmed GAG storage in these tissues, with a massive elevation of DS in the myocardium. Furthermore, an important increase in the activity of proteases such as cathepsin S and B (up to 5-fold control values) was found and could be related to the progressive loss of cardiac function observed in MPSII mice. In this work, we demonstrated that loss of cardiac function in MPSII mice started at 6 months of age, although its global cardiac capacity was still preserved at this time. Disease progressed at later time points leading to heart failure. The MPSII mice at later times reproduce many of the cardiovascular events found in patients with Hunter's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Vicente Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia - UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Esteban Alberto Gonzalez
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501970, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Souza Viana
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Luisa Natalia Pimentel Vera
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501970, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia - UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90035-003, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501970, RS, Brazil.
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Mongkolpathumrat P, Nernpermpisooth N, Kijtawornrat A, Pikwong F, Chouyratchakarn W, Yodsheewan R, Unajak S, Kumphune S. Adeno-associated virus 9 vector-mediated cardiac-selective expression of human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:976083. [PMID: 36061560 PMCID: PMC9437585 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.976083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease enzymes contribute to the initiation of cardiac remodeling and heart failure after myocardial ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Protease inhibitors attenuate protease activity and limit left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling. Previous studies showed the cardioprotective effect of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) against I/R injury. However, overexpression of SLPI gene in cardiovascular diseases has only been investigated in an in vitro experiment. Here, cardiac-selective expression of the human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (hSLPI) gene and its effect on I/R injury were investigated. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 9 carrying hSLPI under the control of cardiac-selective expression promoter (cardiac troponin, cTn) was intravenously administered to Sprague–Dawley rats for 4 weeks prior to coronary artery ligation. The results showed that myocardial-selective expression of hSLPI significantly reduced infarct size, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and myoglobin levels that all served to improve cardiac function. Moreover, overexpression of hSLPI showed a reduction in inflammatory cytokines, oxidatively modified protein carbonyl (PC) content, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and necrosis and cardiac tissue degeneration. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate cardiac-selective gene delivery of hSLPI providing cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury in an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Faprathan Pikwong
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Rungrueang Yodsheewan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sasimanas Unajak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Sarawut Kumphune
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He W, McCarroll CS, Nather K, Ford K, Mangion K, Riddell A, O’Toole D, Zaeri A, Corcoran D, Carrick D, Lee MMY, McEntegart M, Davie A, Good R, Lindsay MM, Eteiba H, Rocchiccioli P, Watkins S, Hood S, Shaukat A, McArthur L, Elliott EB, McClure J, Hawksby C, Martin T, Petrie MC, Oldroyd KG, Smith GL, Channon KM, Berry C, Nicklin SA, Loughrey CM. Inhibition of myocardial cathepsin-L release during reperfusion following myocardial infarction improves cardiac function and reduces infarct size. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1535-1547. [PMID: 34132807 PMCID: PMC9074968 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Identifying novel mediators of lethal myocardial reperfusion injury that can be targeted during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is key to limiting the progression of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to heart failure. Here, we show through parallel clinical and integrative preclinical studies the significance of the protease cathepsin-L on cardiac function during reperfusion injury. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that direct cardiac release of cathepsin-L in STEMI patients (n = 76) immediately post-PPCI leads to elevated serum cathepsin-L levels and that serum levels of cathepsin-L in the first 24 h post-reperfusion are associated with reduced cardiac contractile function and increased infarct size. Preclinical studies demonstrate that inhibition of cathepsin-L release following reperfusion injury with CAA0225 reduces infarct size and improves cardiac contractile function by limiting abnormal cardiomyocyte calcium handling and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that cathepsin-L is a novel therapeutic target that could be exploited clinically to counteract the deleterious effects of acute reperfusion injury after an acute STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katrin Nather
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Kristopher Ford
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Kenneth Mangion
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Alexandra Riddell
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Dylan O’Toole
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ali Zaeri
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - David Corcoran
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - David Carrick
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Mathew M Y Lee
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Margaret McEntegart
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Andrew Davie
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Richard Good
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Mitchell M Lindsay
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Hany Eteiba
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Paul Rocchiccioli
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Stuart Watkins
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Stuart Hood
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Aadil Shaukat
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Lisa McArthur
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Elspeth B Elliott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - John McClure
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Catherine Hawksby
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Tamara Martin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Mark C Petrie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Keith G Oldroyd
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin Berry
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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Aluja D, Delgado-Tomás S, Ruiz-Meana M, Barrabés JA, Inserte J. Calpains as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Myocardial Hypertrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084103. [PMID: 35456920 PMCID: PMC9032729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in its treatment, heart failure remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, evidencing an urgent need for novel mechanism-based targets and strategies. Myocardial hypertrophy, caused by a wide variety of chronic stress stimuli, represents an independent risk factor for the development of heart failure, and its prevention constitutes a clinical objective. Recent studies performed in preclinical animal models support the contribution of the Ca2+-dependent cysteine proteases calpains in regulating the hypertrophic process and highlight the feasibility of their long-term inhibition as a pharmacological strategy. In this review, we discuss the existing evidence implicating calpains in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, as well as the latest advances in unraveling the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we provide an updated overview of calpain inhibitors that have been explored in preclinical models of cardiac hypertrophy and the progress made in developing new compounds that may serve for testing the efficacy of calpain inhibition in the treatment of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aluja
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Sara Delgado-Tomás
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Barrabés
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Inserte
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934894038
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7
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Correale M, Tricarico L, Fortunato M, Mazzeo P, Nodari S, Di Biase M, Brunetti ND. New Targets in Heart Failure Drug Therapy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:665797. [PMID: 34026873 PMCID: PMC8131549 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.665797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in chronic heart failure management (either pharmacological or non-pharmacological), the prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients remains poor. This poor prognosis emphasizes the need for developing novel pathways for testing new HF drugs, beyond neurohumoral and hemodynamic modulation approaches. The development of new drugs for HF therapy must thus necessarily focus on novel approaches such as the direct effect on cardiomyocytes, coronary microcirculation, and myocardial interstitium. This review summarizes principal evidence on new possible pharmacological targets for the treatment of HF patients, mainly focusing on microcirculation, cardiomyocyte, and anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Correale
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lucia Tricarico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Martino Fortunato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietro Mazzeo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Savina Nodari
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Di Biase
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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