1
|
Dai Y, Yang W, Song H, He X, Guan R, Wu Z, Jiang X, Li M, Liu P, Chen J. Long-term effects of chronic exposure to electronic cigarette aerosol on the cardiovascular and pulmonary system in mice: A comparative study to cigarette smoke. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108521. [PMID: 38508052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have rapidly gained popularity as alternatives to traditional combustible cigarettes. However, their long-term health impact remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to e-cigarette aerosol (ECA) in mice compared to conventional cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. The mice were exposed to air (control), low, medium, or high doses of ECA, or a reference CS dose orally and nasally for eight months. Various cardiovascular and pulmonary assessments have been conducted to determine the biological and prosthetic effects. Histopathological analysis was used to determine structural changes in the heart and lungs. Biological markers associated with fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were investigated. Cardiac proteomic analysis was applied to reveal the shared and unique protein expression changes in ECA and CS groups, which related to processes such as immune activation, lipid metabolism, and intracellular transport. Overall, chronic exposure to ECA led to adverse cardiovascular and pulmonary effects in mice, although they were less pronounced than those of CS exposure. This study provides evidence that e-cigarettes may be less harmful than combustible cigarettes for the long-term health of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in mice. However, further human studies are needed to clarify the long-term health risks associated with e-cigarette use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Jieyang Medical Research Center, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongjia Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangjun He
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruoqing Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zehong Wu
- RELX Science Center, Shenzhen RELX Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Xingtao Jiang
- RELX Science Center, Shenzhen RELX Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Yao Y, Li R, Zhou M, Chen S, Qiao Z, Yang K. Combined transcriptome and proteome analysis of yak PASMCs under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14369. [PMID: 36452079 PMCID: PMC9703989 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yaks are animals that have lived in plateau environments for generations. Yaks can adapt to the hypoxic plateau environment and also pass this adaptability on to the next generation. The lungs are the most important respiratory organs for mammals to adapt to their environment. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells play an important role in vascular remodeling under hypoxia, but the genetic mechanism underpinning the yak's ability to adapt to challenging plateau conditions is still unknown. Methods A tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics study together with an RNA-seq transcriptome analysis were carried out on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) that had been grown for 72 hours in both normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) environments. RNA and TP (total protein) were collected from the hypoxic and normoxic groups for RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing and TMT marker protein quantification, and RT-qPCR validation was performed. Results A total of 17,711 genes and 6,859 proteins were identified. Further, 5,969 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 531 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in the comparison group, including 2,924 and 186 upregulated genes and proteins and 3,045 and 345 down-regulated genes and proteins, respectively. The transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that 109 DEGs and DEPs were highly positively correlated, with 77 genes showing the same expression trend. Nine overlapping genes were identified in the HIF-1 signaling pathway, glycolysis / gluconeogenesis, central carbon metabolism in cancer, PPAR signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, and cholesterol metabolism (PGAM1, PGK1, TPI1, HMOX1, IGF1R, OLR1, SCD, FABP4 and LDLR), suggesting that these differentially expressed genes and protein functional classifications are related to the hypoxia-adaptive pathways. Overall, our study offers abundant data for further analysis of the molecular mechanisms in yak PASMCs and their adaptability to different oxygen concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China
| | - Yiyang Zhang
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China,Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lan Zhou, China,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China
| | - Yifan Yao
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China,Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lan Zhou, China,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China,Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lan Zhou, China,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Manlin Zhou
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China
| | - Shuwu Chen
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China,Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lan Zhou, China,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Zilin Qiao
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China,Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lan Zhou, China,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lan, China,Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lan Zhou, China,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Lan Zhou, China
| |
Collapse
|