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Siebert-Kuss LM, Dietrich V, Di Persio S, Bhaskaran J, Stehling M, Cremers JF, Sandmann S, Varghese J, Kliesch S, Schlatt S, Vaquerizas JM, Neuhaus N, Laurentino S. Genome-wide DNA methylation changes in human spermatogenesis. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:1125-1139. [PMID: 38759652 PMCID: PMC11179423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Sperm production and function require the correct establishment of DNA methylation patterns in the germline. Here, we examined the genome-wide DNA methylation changes during human spermatogenesis and its alterations in disturbed spermatogenesis. We found that spermatogenesis is associated with remodeling of the methylome, comprising a global decline in DNA methylation in primary spermatocytes followed by selective remethylation, resulting in a spermatids/sperm-specific methylome. Hypomethylated regions in spermatids/sperm were enriched in specific transcription factor binding sites for DMRT and SOX family members and spermatid-specific genes. Intriguingly, while SINEs displayed differential methylation throughout spermatogenesis, LINEs appeared to be protected from changes in DNA methylation. In disturbed spermatogenesis, germ cells exhibited considerable DNA methylation changes, which were significantly enriched at transposable elements and genes involved in spermatogenesis. We detected hypomethylation in SVA and L1HS in disturbed spermatogenesis, suggesting an association between the abnormal programming of these regions and failure of germ cells progressing beyond meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Siebert-Kuss
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Dietrich
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sara Di Persio
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jahnavi Bhaskaran
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Stehling
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Jann-Frederik Cremers
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology, Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Sandmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian Varghese
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Kliesch
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology, Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Schlatt
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Juan M Vaquerizas
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Nina Neuhaus
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sandra Laurentino
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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2
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Kubo N, Uehara R, Uemura S, Ohishi H, Shirane K, Sasaki H. Combined and differential roles of ADD domains of DNMT3A and DNMT3L on DNA methylation landscapes in mouse germ cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3266. [PMID: 38627502 PMCID: PMC11021467 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and its catalytically inactive cofactor DNA methyltransferase 3-Like (DNMT3L) proteins form functional heterotetramers to deposit DNA methylation in mammalian germ cells. While both proteins have an ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L (ADD) domain that recognizes histone H3 tail unmethylated at lysine-4 (H3K4me0), the combined and differential roles of the domains in the two proteins have not been fully defined in vivo. Here we investigate DNA methylation landscapes in female and male germ cells derived from mice with loss-of-function amino acid substitutions in the ADD domains of DNMT3A and/or DNMT3L. Mutations in either the DNMT3A-ADD or the DNMT3L-ADD domain moderately decrease global CG methylation levels, but to different degrees, in both germ cells. Furthermore, when the ADD domains of both DNMT3A and DNMT3L lose their functions, the CG methylation levels are much more reduced, especially in oocytes, comparable to the impact of the Dnmt3a/3L knockout. In contrast, aberrant accumulation of non-CG methylation occurs at thousands of genomic regions in the double mutant oocytes and spermatozoa. These results highlight the critical role of the ADD-H3K4me0 binding in proper CG and non-CG methylation in germ cells and the various impacts of the ADD domains of the two proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kubo
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Ryuji Uehara
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shuhei Uemura
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohishi
- Division of Gene Expression Dynamics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Shirane
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasaki
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Cheng T, Zhou C, Bian S, Sobeck K, Liu Y. Coordinated activation of DNMT3a and TET2 in cancer stem cell-like cells initiates and sustains drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:110. [PMID: 38528605 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to targeted therapies represents a significant hurdle to successfully treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While epigenetic abnormalities are critical determinants of HCC relapse and therapeutic resistance, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We aimed to address whether and how dysregulated epigenetic regulators have regulatory and functional communications in establishing and maintaining drug resistance. METHODS HCC-resistant cells were characterized by CCK-8, IncuCyte Live-Cell analysis, flow cytometry and wound-healing assays. Target expression was assessed by qPCR and Western blotting. Global and promoter DNA methylation was measured by dotblotting, methylated-DNA immunoprecipitation and enzymatic digestion. Protein interaction and promoter binding of DNMT3a-TET2 were investigated by co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP-qPCR. The regulatory and functional roles of DNMT3a and TET2 were studied by lentivirus infection and puromycin selection. The association of DNMT and TET expression with drug response and survival of HCC patients was assessed by public datasets, spearman correlation coefficients and online tools. RESULTS We identified the coordination of DNMT3a and TET2 as an actionable mechanism of drug resistance in HCC. The faster growth and migration of resistant HCC cells were attributed to DNMT3a and TET2 upregulation followed by increased 5mC and 5hmC production. HCC patients with higher DNMT3a and TET2 had a shorter survival time with a less favorable response to sorafenib therapy than those with lower expression. Cancer stem cell-like cells (CSCs) displayed DNMT3a and TET2 overexpression, which were insensitive to sorafenib. Either genetic or pharmacological suppression of DNMT3a or/and TET2 impaired resistant cell growth and oncosphere formation, and restored sorafenib sensitivity. Mechanistically, DNMT3a did not establish a regulatory circuit with TET2, but formed a complex with TET2 and HDAC2. This complex bound the promoters of oncogenes (i.e., CDK1, CCNA2, RASEF), and upregulated them without involving promoter DNA methylation. In contrast, DNMT3a-TET2 crosstalk silences tumor suppressors (i.e., P15, SOCS2) through a corepressor complex with HDAC2 along with increased promoter DNA methylation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that DNMT3a and TET2 act coordinately to regulate HCC cell fate in DNA methylation-dependent and -independent manners, representing strong predictors for drug resistance and poor prognosis, and thus are promising therapeutic targets for refractory HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Changli Zhou
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
- MetroHealth Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA
| | - Sicheng Bian
- MetroHealth Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA
| | - Kelsey Sobeck
- The Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China.
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4
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Liao J, Szabó PE. Role of transcription in imprint establishment in the male and female germ lines. Epigenomics 2024; 16:127-136. [PMID: 38126127 PMCID: PMC10825728 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors highlight an area of research that focuses on the establishment of genomic imprints: how the female and male germlines set up opposite instructions for imprinted genes in the maternally and paternally inherited chromosomes. Mouse genetics studies have solidified the role of transcription across the germline differentially methylated regions in the establishment of maternal genomic imprinting. One work now reveals that such transcription is also important in paternal imprinting establishment. This allows the authors to propose a unifying mechanism, in the form of transcription across germline differentially methylated regions, that specifies DNA methylation imprint establishment. Differences in the timing, genomic location and nature of such transcription events in the male versus female germlines in turn explain the difference between paternal and maternal imprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liao
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Piroska E Szabó
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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Yuan X, Chen N, Feng Y, Li N, Pan X, Tian Y, Wang J, Jiang Y, He D, Li J, Gao F. Single-cell multi-omics profiling reveals key regulatory mechanisms that poise germinal vesicle oocytes for maturation in pigs. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:222. [PMID: 37480402 PMCID: PMC11072314 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms controlling the transition from meiotic arrest to meiotic resumption in mammalian oocytes have not been fully elucidated. Single-cell omics technology provides a new opportunity to decipher the early molecular events of oocyte growth in mammals. Here we focused on analyzing oocytes that were collected from antral follicles in different diameters of porcine pubertal ovaries, and used single-cell M&T-seq technology to analyze the nuclear DNA methylome and cytoplasmic transcriptome in parallel for 62 oocytes. 10× Genomics single-cell transcriptomic analyses were also performed to explore the bi-directional cell-cell communications within antral follicles. A new pipeline, methyConcerto, was developed to specifically and comprehensively characterize the methylation profile and allele-specific methylation events for a single-cell methylome. We characterized the gene expressions and DNA methylations of individual oocyte in porcine antral follicle, and both active and inactive gene's bodies displayed high methylation levels, thereby enabled defining two distinct types of oocytes. Although the methylation levels of Type II were higher than that of Type I, Type II contained nearly two times more of cytoplasmic transcripts than Type I. Moreover, the imprinting methylation patterns of Type II were more dramatically divergent than Type I, and the gene expressions and DNA methylations of Type II were more similar with that of MII oocytes. The crosstalk between granulosa cells and Type II oocytes was active, and these observations revealed that Type II was more poised for maturation. We further confirmed Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 in insulin signaling pathway is a key regulator on maturation by in vitro maturation experiments. Our study provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms between meiotic arrest and meiotic resumption in mammalian oocytes. We also provide a new analytical package for future single-cell methylomics study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yuan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Chen
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yance Feng
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nian Li
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangchun Pan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhan Tian
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Yao Jiang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Dou He
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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6
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Ishihara T, Hickford D, Fenelon JC, Griffith OW, Suzuki S, Renfree MB. Evolution of the short form of DNMT3A, DNMT3A2, occurred in the common ancestor of mammals. Genome Biol Evol 2022; 14:6615359. [PMID: 35749276 PMCID: PMC9254654 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is found in marsupial and eutherian mammals, but not in monotremes. While the primary regulator of genomic imprinting in eutherians is differential DNA methylation between parental alleles, conserved imprinted genes in marsupials tend to lack DNA methylation at their promoters. DNA methylation at eutherian imprinted genes is mainly catalysed by a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzyme, DNMT3A. There are two isoforms of eutherian DNMT3A: DNMT3A and DNMT3A2. DNMT3A2 is the primary isoform for establishing DNA methylation at eutherian imprinted genes and is essential for eutherian genomic imprinting. In this study, we investigated whether DNMT3A2 is also present in the two other mammalian lineages, marsupials and monotremes. We identified DNMT3A2 in both marsupials and monotremes, although imprinting has not been identified in monotremes. By analysing genomic sequences and transcriptome data across vertebrates, we concluded that the evolution of DNMT3A2 occurred in the common ancestor of mammals. In addition, DNMT3A/3A2 gene and protein expression during gametogenesis showed distinct sexual dimorphisms in a marsupial, the tammar wallaby, and this pattern coincided with the sex-specific DNA methylation reprogramming in this species as it does in mice. Our results show that DNMT3A2 is present in all mammalian groups and suggests that the basic DNMT3A/3A2-based DNA methylation mechanism is conserved at least in therian mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhito Ishihara
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Danielle Hickford
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jane C Fenelon
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Oliver W Griffith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Shunsuke Suzuki
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Marilyn B Renfree
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Mensah IK, Norvil AB, AlAbdi L, McGovern S, Petell CJ, He M, Gowher H. Misregulation of the expression and activity of DNA methyltransferases in cancer. NAR Cancer 2021; 3:zcab045. [PMID: 34870206 PMCID: PMC8634572 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcab045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, DNA methyltransferases DNMT1 and DNMT3's (A, B and L) deposit and maintain DNA methylation in dividing and nondividing cells. Although these enzymes have an unremarkable DNA sequence specificity (CpG), their regional specificity is regulated by interactions with various protein factors, chromatin modifiers, and post-translational modifications of histones. Changes in the DNMT expression or interacting partners affect DNA methylation patterns. Consequently, the acquired gene expression may increase the proliferative potential of cells, often concomitant with loss of cell identity as found in cancer. Aberrant DNA methylation, including hypermethylation and hypomethylation at various genomic regions, therefore, is a hallmark of most cancers. Additionally, somatic mutations in DNMTs that affect catalytic activity were mapped in Acute Myeloid Leukemia cancer cells. Despite being very effective in some cancers, the clinically approved DNMT inhibitors lack specificity, which could result in a wide range of deleterious effects. Elucidating distinct molecular mechanisms of DNMTs will facilitate the discovery of alternative cancer therapeutic targets. This review is focused on: (i) the structure and characteristics of DNMTs, (ii) the prevalence of mutations and abnormal expression of DNMTs in cancer, (iii) factors that mediate their abnormal expression and (iv) the effect of anomalous DNMT-complexes in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaiah K Mensah
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Lama AlAbdi
- Department of Zoology, Collage of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah McGovern
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Ming He
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Humaira Gowher
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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8
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Geng X, Zhao J, Huang J, Li S, Chu W, Wang WS, Chen ZJ, Du Y. lnc-MAP3K13-7:1 Inhibits Ovarian GC Proliferation in PCOS via DNMT1 Downregulation-Mediated CDKN1A Promoter Hypomethylation. Mol Ther 2020; 29:1279-1293. [PMID: 33212300 PMCID: PMC7934583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-related disease and global cause of infertility that is associated with abnormal folliculogenesis. Inhibited granulosa cell (GC) proliferation is recognized as a key factor that underlies aberrant follicle maturation. Many epigenetic landscape modifications have been characterized in PCOS patients. However, the epigenetic regulation pathways in follicular dysplasia are not completely understood. In this study, we reported a novel mechanism of DNA hypomethylation induced by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and its function in cell cycle progression. We observed that lnc-MAP3K13-7:1 was highly expressed in GCs from patients with PCOS, with concomitant global DNA hypomethylation, decreased DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression, and increased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A, p21) expression. In KGN cells, lnc-MAP3K13-7:1 overexpression resulted in cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, as well as the molecular inhibition and genetic silencing of DNMT1. Mechanistically, lnc-MAP3K13-7:1 inhibited DNMT1 expression by acting as a protein-binding scaffold and inducing ubiquitin-mediated DNMT1 protein degradation. Moreover, DNMT1-dependent CDKN1A promoter hypomethylation increased CDKN1A transcription, resulting in attenuated GC growth. Our work uncovered a novel and essential mechanism through which lnc-MAP3K13-7:1-dependent DNMT1 inhibition regulates CDKN1A/p21 expression and inhibits GC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Geng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jiayu Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Shang Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Weiwei Chu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Wang-Sheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
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9
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Żylicz JJ, Heard E. Molecular Mechanisms of Facultative Heterochromatin Formation: An X-Chromosome Perspective. Annu Rev Biochem 2020; 89:255-282. [PMID: 32259458 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Facultative heterochromatin (fHC) concerns the developmentally regulated heterochromatinization of different regions of the genome and, in the case of the mammalian X chromosome and imprinted loci, of only one allele of a homologous pair. The formation of fHC participates in the timely repression of genes, by resisting strong trans activators. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the establishment and maintenance of fHC in mammals using a mouse model. We focus on X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) as a paradigm for fHC but also relate it to genomic imprinting and homeobox (Hox) gene cluster repression. A vital role for noncoding transcription and/or transcripts emerges as the general principle of triggering XCI and canonical imprinting. However, other types of fHC are established through an unknown mechanism, independent of noncoding transcription (Hox clusters and noncanonical imprinting). We also extensively discuss polycomb-group repressive complexes (PRCs), which frequently play a vital role in fHC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan J Żylicz
- Mammalian Developmental Epigenetics Group, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, PSL University, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EL, United Kingdom
| | - Edith Heard
- Directors' Research, EMBL Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany;
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10
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The role and mechanisms of DNA methylation in the oocyte. Essays Biochem 2020; 63:691-705. [PMID: 31782490 PMCID: PMC6923320 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic information in the mammalian oocyte has the potential to be transmitted to the next generation and influence gene expression; this occurs naturally in the case of imprinted genes. Therefore, it is important to understand how epigenetic information is patterned during oocyte development and growth. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of de novo DNA methylation mechanisms in the oocyte: how a distinctive gene-body methylation pattern is created, and the extent to which the DNA methylation machinery reads chromatin states. Recent epigenomic studies building on advances in ultra-low input chromatin profiling methods, coupled with genetic studies, have started to allow a detailed interrogation of the interplay between DNA methylation establishment and chromatin states; however, a full mechanistic description awaits.
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11
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Freeman DM, Lou D, Li Y, Martos SN, Wang Z. The conserved DNMT1-dependent methylation regions in human cells are vulnerable to neurotoxicant rotenone exposure. Epigenetics Chromatin 2020; 13:17. [PMID: 32178731 PMCID: PMC7076959 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-020-00338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) describes genomic loci that maintain CpG methylation at only one inherited allele rather than having coordinated methylation across both alleles. The most prominent of these regions are germline ASMs (gASMs) that control the expression of imprinted genes in a parent of origin-dependent manner and are associated with disease. However, our recent report reveals numerous ASMs at non-imprinted genes. These non-germline ASMs are dependent on DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and strikingly show the feature of random, switchable monoallelic methylation patterns in the mouse genome. The significance of these ASMs to human health has not been explored. Due to their shared allelicity with gASMs, herein, we propose that non-traditional ASMs are sensitive to exposures in association with human disease. RESULTS We first explore their conservancy in the human genome. Our data show that our putative non-germline ASMs were in conserved regions of the human genome and located adjacent to genes vital for neuronal development and maturation. We next tested the hypothesized vulnerability of these regions by exposing human embryonic kidney cell HEK293 with the neurotoxicant rotenone for 24 h. Indeed,14 genes adjacent to our identified regions were differentially expressed from RNA-sequencing. We analyzed the base-resolution methylation patterns of the predicted non-germline ASMs at two neurological genes, HCN2 and NEFM, with potential to increase the risk of neurodegeneration. Both regions were significantly hypomethylated in response to rotenone. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that non-germline ASMs seem conserved between mouse and human genomes, overlap important regulatory factor binding motifs, and regulate the expression of genes vital to neuronal function. These results support the notion that ASMs are sensitive to environmental factors such as rotenone and may alter the risk of neurological disease later in life by disrupting neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Freeman
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dan Lou
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yanqiang Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suzanne N Martos
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenomes, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- The State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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12
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Zhao P, Wang H, Wang H, Dang Y, Luo L, Li S, Shi Y, Wang L, Wang S, Mager J, Zhang K. Essential roles of HDAC1 and 2 in lineage development and genome-wide DNA methylation during mouse preimplantation development. Epigenetics 2019; 15:369-385. [PMID: 31533525 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1669375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, are reprogrammed considerably following fertilization during mammalian early embryonic development. Incomplete epigenetic reprogramming is a major factor leading to poor developmental outcome in embryos generated by assisted reproductive technologies, such as somatic cell nuclear transfer. However, the role of histone modifications in preimplantation development is poorly understood. Here, we show that co-knockdown (cKD) of Hdac1 and 2 (but not individually) resulted in developmental failure during the morula to blastocyst transition. This outcome was also confirmed with the use of small-molecule HDAC1/2-specific inhibitor FK228. We observed reduced cell proliferation and increased incidence of apoptosis in cKD embryos, which were likely caused by increased acetylation of TRP53. Importantly, both RNA-seq and immunostaining analysis revealed a failure of lineage specification to generate trophectoderm and pluripotent cells. Among many gene expression changes, a substantial decrease of Cdx2 may be partly accounted for by the aberrant Hippo pathway occurring in cKD embryos. In addition, we observed an increase in global DNA methylation, consistent with increased DNA methyltransferases and UHRF1. Interestingly, deficiency of RBBP4 and 7 (both are core components of several HDAC1/2-containing epigenetic complexes) results in similar phenotypes as those of cKD embryos. Overall, HDAC1 and 2 play redundant functions required for lineage specification, cell viability and accurate global DNA methylation, each contributing to critical developmental programmes safeguarding a successful preimplantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhao
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanan Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanna Dang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jesse Mager
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, and Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Zhao P, Li S, Wang H, Dang Y, Wang L, Liu T, Wang S, Li X, Zhang K. Sin3a regulates the developmental progression through morula-to-blastocyst transition via Hdac1. FASEB J 2019; 33:12541-12553. [PMID: 31450981 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901213r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Suppressor interacting 3a (Sin3a) is a scaffold component of the chromatin repressive complex Sin3/histone deacetylase (Hdac). Sin3a has been shown as a hub gene driving preimplantation development in both mice and humans. However, its precise functions during preimplantation development remain unclear. Here, we show that the embryos arrested at morula stage upon specific depletion of Sin3a in mouse early embryos. Given the reduced cell number in Sin3a-depleted embryos, blocked cell proliferation is observed, likely because of the increased level of Trp53 acetylation at lysine 379. Moreover, we found that Sin3a depletion reduces Cdx2 and Tir Na Nog (Nanog), suggesting a failure of the first cell fate decision. In addition, we noted a striking increase of genome-wide DNA methylation, likely attributed to the increased nuclear DNA methyltransferase 1 observed in Sin3a-depleted embryos. Notably, RNA sequencing analyses showed 717 genes are differentially expressed, and Gene Ontology analysis of down-regulated genes (e.g., Hdac1) revealed top enriched terms involving protein deacetylation. Consistently, we confirmed a significant decrease of Hdac1 mRNA and protein abundance. Importantly, the development and Trp53 acetylation in Sin3a-depleted embryos could be rescued by expression of Hdac1 but not Hdac2. In summary, our results indicate a vital role of Sin3a in safeguarding the developmental progression through the morula-to-blastocyst transition via Hdac1.-Zhao, P., Li, S., Wang, H., Dang, Y., Wang, L., Liu, T., Wang, S., Li, X., Zhang, K. Sin3a regulates the developmental progression through morula-to-blastocyst transition via Hdac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhao
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanan Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanna Dang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhong Li
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
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14
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Veland N, Lu Y, Hardikar S, Gaddis S, Zeng Y, Liu B, Estecio MR, Takata Y, Lin K, Tomida MW, Shen J, Saha D, Gowher H, Zhao H, Chen T. DNMT3L facilitates DNA methylation partly by maintaining DNMT3A stability in mouse embryonic stem cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:152-167. [PMID: 30321403 PMCID: PMC6326784 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNMT3L (DNMT3-like), a member of the DNMT3 family, has no DNA methyltransferase activity but regulates de novo DNA methylation. While biochemical studies show that DNMT3L is capable of interacting with both DNMT3A and DNMT3B and stimulating their enzymatic activities, genetic evidence suggests that DNMT3L is essential for DNMT3A-mediated de novo methylation in germ cells but is dispensable for de novo methylation during embryogenesis, which is mainly mediated by DNMT3B. How DNMT3L regulates DNA methylation and what determines its functional specificity are not well understood. Here we show that DNMT3L-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) exhibit downregulation of DNMT3A, especially DNMT3A2, the predominant DNMT3A isoform in mESCs. DNA methylation analysis of DNMT3L-deficient mESCs reveals hypomethylation at many DNMT3A target regions. These results confirm that DNMT3L is a positive regulator of DNA methylation, contrary to a previous report that, in mESCs, DNMT3L regulates DNA methylation positively or negatively, depending on genomic regions. Mechanistically, DNMT3L forms a complex with DNMT3A2 and prevents DNMT3A2 from being degraded. Restoring the DNMT3A protein level in DNMT3L-deficient mESCs partially recovers DNA methylation. Thus, our work uncovers a role for DNMT3L in maintaining DNMT3A stability, which contributes to the effect of DNMT3L on DNMT3A-dependent DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Veland
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Swanand Hardikar
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Sally Gaddis
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Yang Zeng
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bigang Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Marcos R Estecio
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Yoko Takata
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Mary W Tomida
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Debapriya Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Humaira Gowher
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Taiping Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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15
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Sin-Chan P, Mumal I, Suwal T, Ho B, Fan X, Singh I, Du Y, Lu M, Patel N, Torchia J, Popovski D, Fouladi M, Guilhamon P, Hansford JR, Leary S, Hoffman LM, Mulcahy Levy JM, Lassaletta A, Solano-Paez P, Rivas E, Reddy A, Gillespie GY, Gupta N, Van Meter TE, Nakamura H, Wong TT, Ra YS, Kim SK, Massimi L, Grundy RG, Fangusaro J, Johnston D, Chan J, Lafay-Cousin L, Hwang EI, Wang Y, Catchpoole D, Michaud J, Ellezam B, Ramanujachar R, Lindsay H, Taylor MD, Hawkins CE, Bouffet E, Jabado N, Singh SK, Kleinman CL, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Li XN, Dirks PB, Lin CY, Mack SC, Rich JN, Huang A. A C19MC-LIN28A-MYCN Oncogenic Circuit Driven by Hijacked Super-enhancers Is a Distinct Therapeutic Vulnerability in ETMRs: A Lethal Brain Tumor. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:51-67.e7. [PMID: 31287992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMRs) are highly lethal infant brain cancers with characteristic amplification of Chr19q13.41 miRNA cluster (C19MC) and enrichment of pluripotency factor LIN28A. Here we investigated C19MC oncogenic mechanisms and discovered a C19MC-LIN28A-MYCN circuit fueled by multiple complex regulatory loops including an MYCN core transcriptional network and super-enhancers resulting from long-range MYCN DNA interactions and C19MC gene fusions. Our data show that this powerful oncogenic circuit, which entraps an early neural lineage network, is potently abrogated by bromodomain inhibitor JQ1, leading to ETMR cell death.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Brain Neoplasms/etiology
- Brain Neoplasms/therapy
- Cell Cycle/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Models, Biological
- Multigene Family
- N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein/genetics
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/etiology
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/therapy
- Oncogenes
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Sin-Chan
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Iqra Mumal
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Tannu Suwal
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Ben Ho
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Xiaolian Fan
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Irtisha Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuchen Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mei Lu
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Neilket Patel
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Jonathon Torchia
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center-OICR Translational Genomics Laboratory, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Dean Popovski
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Cancer and Blood Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Paul Guilhamon
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Jordan R Hansford
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah Leary
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Lindsey M Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jean M Mulcahy Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alvaro Lassaletta
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid 28009, Spain
| | - Palma Solano-Paez
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocio, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Eloy Rivas
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Division, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Alyssa Reddy
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - G Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL 35294, USA
| | - Nalin Gupta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0112, USA
| | - Timothy E Van Meter
- Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0631, USA
| | - Hideo Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tai-Tong Wong
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Young-Shin Ra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Luca Massimi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Richard G Grundy
- Children's Brain Tumor Research Centre, Queen's Medical Centre University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72UH, UK
| | - Jason Fangusaro
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Donna Johnston
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H8L1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Chan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Lucie Lafay-Cousin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB T3B6A8, Canada
| | - Eugene I Hwang
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Neuropathology Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Daniel Catchpoole
- The Tumor Bank, Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jean Michaud
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Benjamin Ellezam
- Department of Pathology, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1C5, Canada
| | - Ramya Ramanujachar
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Southampton Children's Hospital, Southampton SO166YD, UK
| | - Holly Lindsay
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Cynthia E Hawkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Department of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A0C7, Canada
| | - Sheila K Singh
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada
| | - Claudia L Kleinman
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A0C7, Canada
| | | | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peter B Dirks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Charles Y Lin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen C Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeremy N Rich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Annie Huang
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada.
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16
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Dysregulation of Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Expression in the Pathologies of Hyperhomocysteinemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133140. [PMID: 31252610 PMCID: PMC6651274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) exerts a wide range of biological effects and is associated with a number of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, dementia, neural tube defects, and cancer. Although mechanisms of HHcy toxicity are not fully uncovered, there has been a significant progress in their understanding. The picture emerging from the studies of homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and pathophysiology is a complex one, as Hcy and its metabolites affect biomolecules and processes in a tissue- and sex-specific manner. Because of their connection to one carbon metabolism and editing mechanisms in protein biosynthesis, Hcy and its metabolites impair epigenetic control of gene expression mediated by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, which underlies the pathology of human disease. In this review we summarize the recent evidence showing that epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression, mediated by changes in DNA methylation and histone N-homocysteinylation, is a pathogenic consequence of HHcy in many human diseases. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of human disease induced by Hcy and its metabolites, and suggest therapeutic targets for the prevention and/or treatment.
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17
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Zeng Y, Chen T. DNA Methylation Reprogramming during Mammalian Development. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10040257. [PMID: 30934924 PMCID: PMC6523607 DOI: 10.3390/genes10040257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is a major form of DNA modification in the mammalian genome that plays critical roles in chromatin structure and gene expression. In general, DNA methylation is stably maintained in somatic tissues. However, DNA methylation patterns and levels show dynamic changes during development. Specifically, the genome undergoes two waves of global demethylation and remethylation for the purpose of producing the next generation. The first wave occurs in the germline, initiated with the erasure of global methylation in primordial germ cells (PGCs) and completed with the establishment of sex-specific methylation patterns during later stages of germ cell development. The second wave occurs after fertilization, including the erasure of most methylation marks inherited from the gametes and the subsequent establishment of the embryonic methylation pattern. The two waves of DNA methylation reprogramming involve both distinct and shared mechanisms. In this review article, we provide an overview of the key reprogramming events, focusing on the important players in these processes, including DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of 5mC dioxygenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zeng
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1808 Park Road 1C, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
- Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Taiping Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1808 Park Road 1C, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
- Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Kawabata Y, Kamio A, Jincho Y, Sakashita A, Takashima T, Kobayashi H, Matsui Y, Kono T. Sex-specific histone modifications in mouse fetal and neonatal germ cells. Epigenomics 2019; 11:543-561. [PMID: 30667280 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epigenetic signatures of germline cells are dynamically reprogrammed to induce appropriate differentiation, development and sex specification. We investigated sex-specific epigenetic changes in mouse fetal germ cells (FGCs) and neonatal germ cells. MATERIALS & METHODS Six histone marks in mouse E13.5 FGCs and P1 neonatal germ cells were analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing. These datasets were compared with transposase-accessible chromatin sites, DNA methylation and transcriptome. RESULTS Different patterns of each histone mark were detected in female and male FGCs, and H3K4me3/H3K27me3 bivalent marks were enriched in different chromosomal regions of female and male FGCs. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that histone modifications may affect FGC gene expression following DNA methylation erasure, contributing to the differentiation into female and male germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kawabata
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Kamio
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.,NODAI Genome Research Centre, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Jincho
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sakashita
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Takashima
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisato Kobayashi
- NODAI Genome Research Centre, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Matsui
- Cell Resource Centre for Biomedical Research, Institute of Development, Aging & Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kono
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Western PS. Epigenomic drugs and the germline: Collateral damage in the home of heritability? Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 468:121-133. [PMID: 29471014 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The testis and ovary provide specialised environments that nurture germ cells and facilitate their maturation, culminating in the production of mature gametes that can found the following generation. The sperm and egg not only transmit genetic information, but also epigenetic modifications that affect the development and physiology of offspring. Importantly, the epigenetic information contained in mature sperm and oocytes can be influenced by a range of environmental factors, such as diet, chemicals and drugs. An increasing range of studies are revealing how gene-environment interactions are mediated through the germline. Outside the germline, altered epigenetic state is common in a range of diseases, including many cancers. As epigenetic modifications are reversible, pharmaceuticals that directly target epigenetic modifying proteins have been developed and are delivering substantial benefits to patients, particularly in oncology. While providing the most effective patient treatment is clearly the primary concern, some patients will want to conceive children after treatment. However, the impacts of epigenomic drugs on the male and female gametes are poorly understood and whether these drugs will have lasting effects on patients' germline epigenome and subsequent offspring remains largely undetermined. Currently, evidence based clinical guidelines for use of epigenomic drugs in patients of reproductive age are limited in this context. Developing a deeper understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms regulating the germline epigenome and its impact on inherited traits and disease susceptibility is required to determine how specific epigenomic drugs might affect the germline and inheritance. Understanding these potential effects will facilitate the development of informed clinical guidelines appropriate for the use of epigenomic drugs in patients of reproductive age, ultimately improving the safety of these therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Western
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
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20
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DNA methyltransferase 3A isoform b contributes to repressing E-cadherin through cooperation of DNA methylation and H3K27/H3K9 methylation in EMT-related metastasis of gastric cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:4358-4371. [PMID: 29717263 PMCID: PMC6085280 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) has been recognised as a key element of epigenetic regulation in normal development, and the aberrant regulation of DNMT3A is implicated in multiple types of cancers, especially haematological malignancies. However, its clinical significance and detailed functional role in solid tumours remain unknown, although abnormal expression has gained widespread attention in these cancers. Here, we show that DNMT3A isoform b (DNMT3Ab), a member of the DNMT3A isoform family, is critical for directing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated metastasis in gastric cancer (GC). DNMT3Ab is positively linked to tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in GC patients. Overexpression of DNMT3Ab promotes GC cell migration and invasion as well as EMT through repression of E-cadherin. Meanwhile, DNMT3Ab promotes lung metastasis of GC in vivo. Mechanistic studies indicate that DNMT3Ab mediates the epigenetic inaction of the E-cadherin gene via DNA hypermethylation and histone modifications of H3K9me2 and H3K27me3. Depletion of DNMT3Ab effectively restores the expression of E-cadherin and reverses TGF-β-induced EMT by reducing DNA methylation, H3K9me2 and H3K27me3 levels at the E-cadherin promoter. Importantly, DNMT3Ab cooperated with H3K9me2 and H3K27me3 contributes to the transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin in a Snail-dependent manner. Further, gene expression profiling analysis indicates that multiple metastasis-associated genes and oncogenic signalling pathways are regulated in response to DNMT3Ab overexpression. These results identify DNMT3Ab as a crucial regulator of metastasis-related genes in GC. Targeting the DNMT3Ab/Snail/E-cadherin axis may provide a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metastatic GC with high DNMT3Ab expression.
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21
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Conti M, Franciosi F. Acquisition of oocyte competence to develop as an embryo: integrated nuclear and cytoplasmic events. Hum Reprod Update 2018; 24:245-266. [PMID: 29432538 PMCID: PMC5907346 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmx040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility affects ~7% of couples of reproductive age with little change in incidence in the last two decades. ART, as well as other interventions, have made major strides in correcting this condition. However, and in spite of advancements in the field, the age of the female partner remains a main factor for a successful outcome. A better understanding of the final stages of gamete maturation yielding an egg that can sustain embryo development and a pregnancy to term remains a major area for improvement in the field. This review will summarize the major cellular and molecular events unfolding at the oocyte-to-embryo transition. We will provide an update on the most important processes/pathways currently understood as the basis of developmental competence, including the molecular processes involved in mRNA storage, its recruitment to the translational machinery, and its degradation. We will discuss the hypothesis that the translational programme of maternal mRNAs plays a key role in establishing developmental competence. These regulations are essential to assemble the machinery that is used to establish a totipotent zygote. This hypothesis further supports the view that embryogenesis begins during oogenesis. A better understanding of the events required for developmental competence will guide the development of novel strategies to monitor and improve the success rate of IVF. Using this information, it will be possible to develop new biomarkers that may be used to better predict oocyte quality and in selection of the best egg for IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Conti
- Department of OBGYN-RS, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0556, USA
| | - Federica Franciosi
- Department of OBGYN-RS, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0556, USA
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22
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Gahurova L, Tomizawa SI, Smallwood SA, Stewart-Morgan KR, Saadeh H, Kim J, Andrews SR, Chen T, Kelsey G. Transcription and chromatin determinants of de novo DNA methylation timing in oocytes. Epigenetics Chromatin 2017; 10:25. [PMID: 28507606 PMCID: PMC5429541 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-017-0133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gametogenesis in mammals entails profound re-patterning of the epigenome. In the female germline, DNA methylation is acquired late in oogenesis from an essentially unmethylated baseline and is established largely as a consequence of transcription events. Molecular and functional studies have shown that imprinted genes become methylated at different times during oocyte growth; however, little is known about the kinetics of methylation gain genome wide and the reasons for asynchrony in methylation at imprinted loci. Results Given the predominant role of transcription, we sought to investigate whether transcription timing is rate limiting for de novo methylation and determines the asynchrony of methylation events. Therefore, we generated genome-wide methylation and transcriptome maps of size-selected, growing oocytes to capture the onset and progression of methylation. We find that most sequence elements, including most classes of transposable elements, acquire methylation at similar rates overall. However, methylation of CpG islands (CGIs) is delayed compared with the genome average and there are reproducible differences amongst CGIs in onset of methylation. Although more highly transcribed genes acquire methylation earlier, the major transitions in the oocyte transcriptome occur well before the de novo methylation phase, indicating that transcription is generally not rate limiting in conferring permissiveness to DNA methylation. Instead, CGI methylation timing negatively correlates with enrichment for histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation and dependence on the H3K4 demethylases KDM1A and KDM1B, implicating chromatin remodelling as a major determinant of methylation timing. We also identified differential enrichment of transcription factor binding motifs in CGIs acquiring methylation early or late in oocyte growth. By combining these parameters into multiple regression models, we were able to account for about a fifth of the variation in methylation timing of CGIs. Finally, we show that establishment of non-CpG methylation, which is prevalent in fully grown oocytes, and methylation over non-transcribed regions, are later events in oogenesis. Conclusions These results do not support a major role for transcriptional transitions in the time of onset of DNA methylation in the oocyte, but suggest a model in which sequences least dependent on chromatin remodelling are the earliest to become permissive for methylation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13072-017-0133-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Gahurova
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK.,Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology, University of South Bohemia, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Shin-Ichi Tomizawa
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
| | - Sébastien A Smallwood
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK.,Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen R Stewart-Morgan
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK.,Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heba Saadeh
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK.,Computer Science Department, KASIT, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jeesun Kim
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 77030 USA
| | - Simon R Andrews
- Bioinformatics Group, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK
| | - Taiping Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 77030 USA
| | - Gavin Kelsey
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK.,Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG UK
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23
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Huang CJ, Wu D, Jiao XF, Khan FA, Xiong CL, Liu XM, Yang J, Yin TL, Huo LJ. Maternal SENP7 programs meiosis architecture and embryo survival in mouse. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1195-1206. [PMID: 28315713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms underlying abnormal egg production and pregnancy loss is significant for human fertility. SENP7, a SUMO poly-chain editing enzyme, has been regarded as a mitotic regulator of heterochromatin integrity and DNA repair. Herein, we report the roles of SENP7 in mammalian reproductive scenario. Mouse oocytes deficient in SENP7 experienced meiotic arrest at prophase I and metaphase I stages, causing a substantial decrease of mature eggs. Hyperaceylation and hypomethylation of histone H3 and up-regulation of Cdc14B/C accompanied by down-regulation of CyclinB1 and CyclinB2 were further recognized as contributors to defective M-phase entry and spindle assembly in oocytes. The spindle assembly checkpoint activated by defective spindle morphogenesis, which was also caused by mislocalization and ubiquitylation-mediated proteasomal degradation of γ-tubulin, blocked oocytes at meiosis I stage. SENP7-depleted embryos exhibited severely defective maternal-zygotic transition and progressive degeneration, resulting in nearly no blastocyst production. The disrupted epigenetic landscape on histone H3 restricted Rad51C loading onto DNA lesions due to elevated HP1α euchromatic deposition, and reduced DNA 5hmC challenged the permissive status for zygotic DNA repair, which induce embryo death. Our study pinpoints SENP7 as a novel determinant in epigenetic programming and major pathways that govern oocyte and embryo development programs in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xiao-Fei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Faheem Ahmed Khan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Cheng-Liang Xiong
- Reproductive Medicine Center of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ming Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital and Center of Reproductive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 330302, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Tai-Lang Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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24
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Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in properly occurring mammalian oogenesis. One of these mechanisms is DNA methylation adding a methyl group to the fifth carbon atom of the cytosine residues using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as a methyl donor. DNA methylation generally takes place at cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotide sites and rarely occurs at cytosine-phosphate-thymine (CpT), cytosine-phosphate-adenine (CpA), or cytosine-phosphate-cytosine sites, known as non-CpG sites. Basically, two different DNA methylation processes are identified: de novo methylation and maintenance methylation. While the de novo methylation functions in methylation of unmethylated DNA strands, maintenance methylation is capable of methylating hemi-methylated DNA strands following DNA replication. Both DNA methylation processes are catalyzed by special DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes. To date, five different DNMTs have been identified: DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, DNMT3L, and DNMT2. In this chapter, we focus particularly on temporal and spatial expression of DNMTs in mammalian oocytes and granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Uysal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Saffet Ozturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
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25
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Xu K, Chen X, Yang H, Xu Y, He Y, Wang C, Huang H, Liu B, Liu W, Li J, Kou X, Zhao Y, Zhao K, Zhang L, Hou Z, Wang H, Wang H, Li J, Fan H, Wang F, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Chen J, Gao S. Maternal Sall4 Is Indispensable for Epigenetic Maturation of Mouse Oocytes. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:1798-1807. [PMID: 28031467 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.767061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sall4 (Splat-like 4) plays important roles in maintaining pluripotency of embryonic stem cells and in various developmental processes. Here, we find that Sall4 is highly expressed in oocytes and early embryos. To investigate the roles of SALL4 in oogenesis, we generated Sall4 maternal specific knock-out mice by using CRISPR/Cas9 system, and we find that the maternal deletion of Sall4 causes developmental arrest of oocytes at germinal vesicle stage with non-surrounded nucleus, and the subsequent meiosis resumption is prohibited. We further discover that the loss of maternal Sall4 causes failure in establishment of DNA methylation in oocytes. Furthermore, we find that Sall4 modulates H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 modifications by regulating the expression of key histone demethylases coding genes Kdm5b, Kdm6a, and Kdm6b in oocytes. Moreover, we demonstrate that the aberrant H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 cause mis-expression of genes that are critical for oocytes maturation and meiosis resumption. Taken together, our study explores a pivotal role of Sall4 in regulating epigenetic maturation of mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xia Chen
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Yang
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- the Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanlin He
- the State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chenfei Wang
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hua Huang
- the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Baodong Liu
- the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaochen Kou
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Linfeng Zhang
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hou
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong Wang
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jing Li
- the State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hengyu Fan
- the Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yawei Gao
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Shaorong Gao
- From the Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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26
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Wang Y, Zhang G, Kang L, Guan H. Expression Profiling of DNA Methylation and Transcriptional Repression Associated Genes in Lens Epithelium Cells of Age-Related Cataract. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:537-543. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Ma P, Schultz RM. HDAC1 and HDAC2 in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos: Specificity versus compensation. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1119-27. [PMID: 27082454 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oocyte and preimplantation embryo development entail dynamic changes in chromatin structure and gene expression, which are regulated by a number of maternal and zygotic epigenetic factors. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), which tighten chromatin structure, repress transcription and gene expression by removing acetyl groups from histone or non-histone proteins. HDAC1 and HDAC2 are two highly homologous Class I HDACs and display compensatory or specific roles in different cell types or in response to different stimuli and signaling pathways. We summarize here the current knowledge about the functions of HDAC1 and HDAC2 in regulating histone modifications, transcription, DNA methylation, chromosome segregation, and cell cycle during oocyte and preimplantation embryo development. What emerges from these studies is that although HDAC1 and HDAC2 are highly homologous, HDAC2 is more critical than HDAC1 for oocyte development and reciprocally, HDAC1 is more critical than HDAC2 for preimplantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ma
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - R M Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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