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Sgambato V. The Serotonin 4 Receptor Subtype: A Target of Particular Interest, Especially for Brain Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5245. [PMID: 38791281 PMCID: PMC11121119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the serotonin 4 receptor, which is well expressed in the brain, but also peripherally in various organs. The cerebral distribution of this receptor is well conserved across species, with high densities in the basal ganglia, where they are expressed by GABAergic neurons. The 5-HT4 receptor is also present in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala, where they are carried by glutamatergic or cholinergic neurons. Outside the central nervous system, the 5-HT4 receptor is notably expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. The wide distribution of the 5-HT4 receptor undoubtedly contributes to its involvement in a plethora of functions. In addition, the modulation of this receptor influences the release of serotonin, but also the release of other neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and dopamine. This is a considerable asset, as the modulation of the 5-HT4 receptor can therefore play a direct or indirect beneficial role in various disorders. One of the main advantages of this receptor is that it mediates a much faster antidepressant and anxiolytic action than classical selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Another major benefit of the 5-HT4 receptor is that its activation enhances cognitive performance, probably via the release of acetylcholine. The expression of the 5-HT4 receptor is also altered in various eating disorders, and its activation by the 5-HT4 agonist negatively regulates food intake. Additionally, although the cerebral expression of this receptor is modified in certain movement-related disorders, it is still yet to be determined whether this receptor plays a key role in their pathophysiology. Finally, there is no longer any need to demonstrate the value of 5-HT4 receptor agonists in the pharmacological management of gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Sgambato
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod (ISCMJ), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5229 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 69675 Bron, France; ; Tel.: +33-4379-11249
- UFR Biosciences, Université de Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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Rasmussen AL, Larsen SV, Ozenne B, Köhler-Forsberg K, Stenbæk DS, Jørgensen MB, Giraldi A, Frokjaer VG. Sexual health and serotonin 4 receptor brain binding in unmedicated patients with depression-a NeuroPharm study. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:247. [PMID: 37414758 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dysfunction is prominent in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and affects women with depression more than men. Patients with MDD relative to healthy controls have lower brain levels of the serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT4R), which is expressed with high density in the striatum, i.e. a key hub of the reward system. Reduced sexual desire is putatively related to disturbed reward processing and may index anhedonia in MDD. Here, we aim to illuminate plausible underlying neurobiology of sexual dysfunction in unmedicated patients with MDD. We map associations between 5-HT4R binding, as imaged with [11C]SB207145 PET, in the striatum, and self-reported sexual function. We also evaluate if pre-treatment sexual desire score predicts 8-week treatment outcome in women. From the NeuroPharm study, we include 85 untreated MDD patients (71% women) who underwent eight weeks of antidepressant drug treatment. In the mixed sex group, we find no difference in 5-HT4R binding between patients with sexual dysfunction vs normal sexual function. However, in women we find lower 5-HT4R binding in the sexual dysfunctional group compared to women with normal sexual function (β = -0.36, 95%CI[-0.62:-0.09], p = 0.009) as well as a positive association between sexual desire and 5-HT4R binding (β = 0.07, 95%CI [0.02:0.13], p = 0.012). Sexual desire at baseline do not predict treatment outcome (ROC curve AUC = 52%[36%:67%]) in women. Taken together, we find evidence for a positive association between sexual desire and striatal 5-HT4R availability in women with depression. Interestingly, this raises the question if direct 5-HT4R agonism can target reduced sexual desire or anhedonia in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Søren Vinther Larsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brice Ozenne
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristin Köhler-Forsberg
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dea Siggaard Stenbæk
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Balslev Jørgensen
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annamaria Giraldi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Sexological Clinic, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibe G Frokjaer
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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3
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Alonso L, Peeva P, Stasko S, Bader M, Alenina N, Winter Y, Rivalan M. Constitutive depletion of brain serotonin differentially affects rats' social and cognitive abilities. iScience 2023; 26:105998. [PMID: 36798444 PMCID: PMC9926123 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Central serotonin appears a promising transdiagnostic marker of psychiatric disorders and a modulator of some of their key behavioral symptoms. In adult male Tph2 -/- rats, constitutively lacking central serotonin, we tested individual's cognitive, social and non-social abilities and characterized group's social organization under classical and ethological testing conditions. Using unsupervised machine learning, we identified the functions most dependent on serotonin. Although serotonin depletion did not affect cognitive performances in classical testing, in the home-cage it induced compulsive aggression and sexual behavior, hyperactive and hypervigilant stereotyped behavior, reduced self-care and exacerbated corticosterone levels. This profile recalled symptoms of impulse control and anxiety disorders. Serotonin appeared essential for behavioral adaptation to dynamic social environments. Our animal model challenges the essential role of serotonin in decision-making, flexibility, impulsivity, and risk-taking. These findings highlight the importance of studying everyday life functions within the dynamic social living environment to model complexity in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Alonso
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Polina Peeva
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Bader
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,Corresponding author
| | - York Winter
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marion Rivalan
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Corresponding author
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Derakhchan K, Lou Z, Wang H, Baughman R. Tissue distribution and abuse potential of prucalopride: findings from non-clinical and clinical studies. Drugs Context 2023; 12:dic-2022-6-1. [PMID: 36876155 PMCID: PMC9983627 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2022-6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prucalopride is a selective serotonin type 4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist indicated for treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) in adults (2 mg orally, daily). 5-HT4 receptors are present in the central nervous system; therefore, non-clinical and clinical assessments were performed to evaluate the tissue distribution and abuse potential of prucalopride. Methods In vitro receptor-ligand binding studies were performed to assess the affinity of prucalopride (≤1 mM) for peptide receptors, ion channels, monoamine neurotransmitters and 5-HT receptors. The tissue distribution of 14C-prucalopride (5 mg base-equivalent/kg) was investigated in rats. Behavioural assessments in mice, rats and dogs after treatment with single or repeated (up to 24 months) subcutaneous or oral doses of prucalopride (0.02-640 mg/kg across species) were performed. Treatment-emergent adverse events possibly indicative of abuse potential during prucalopride CIC clinical trials were evaluated. Results Prucalopride showed no appreciable affinity for the receptors and ion channels investigated; its affinity (at ≤100 μM) for other 5-HT receptors was 150-10,000 times lower than that for the 5-HT4 receptor. In rats, <0.1% of the administered dose was found in the brain and concentrations were below the limit of detection within 24 hours. At supratherapeutic doses (≥20 mg/kg), mice and rats exhibited palpebral ptosis, and dogs exhibited salivation, eyelid tremors, decubitis, pedalling movements and sedation. All clinical treatment-emergent adverse events, possibly indicative of abuse potential, except dizziness, occurred in <1% of patients treated with prucalopride or placebo. Conclusion This series of non-clinical and clinical studies suggest low abuse potential for prucalopride.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhen Lou
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Baughman
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
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Du M, Santiago A, Akiz C, Aoki C. GABAergic interneurons' feedback inhibition of dorsal raphe-projecting pyramidal neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex suppresses feeding of adolescent female mice undergoing activity-based anorexia. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:2127-2151. [PMID: 35635653 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is characterized by voluntary food restriction, excessive exercise and extreme body weight loss. AN is particularly prevalent among adolescent females experiencing stress-induced anxiety. We used the animal model, activity-based anorexia (ABA), which captures these characteristics of AN, to reveal the neurobiology underlying individual differences in AN vulnerability. Dorsal raphe (DR) regulates feeding and is recruited when coping inescapable stress. Through chemogenetic activation, we investigated the role of mPFC pyramidal neurons projecting to DR (mPFC→DR) in adolescent female mice's decision to eat or exercise following ABA induction. Although the DREADD ligand C21 could activate 44% of the mPFC→DR neurons, this did not generate significant group mean difference in the amount of food intake, compared to control ABA mice without chemogenetic activation. However, analysis of individuals' responses to C21 revealed a significant, positive correlation between food intake and mPFC→DR neurons that co-express cFos, a marker for neuronal activity. cFos expression by GABAergic interneurons (GABA-IN) in mPFC was significantly greater than that for the control ABA mice, indicating recruitment of GABA-IN by mPFC→DR neurons. Electron microscopic immunohistochemistry revealed that GABAergic innervation is 60% greater for the PFC→DR neurons than adjacent Layer 5 pyramidal neurons without projections to DR. Moreover, individual differences in this innervation correlated negatively with food intake specifically on the day of C21 administration. We propose that C21 activates two antagonistic pathways: (1) PFC→DR pyramidal neurons that promote food intake; and (2) GABA-IN in the mPFC that dampen food intake through feedback inhibition of mPFC→DR neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzi Du
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.,The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Adrienne Santiago
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Cenk Akiz
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Chiye Aoki
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA. .,Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Histamine H 3 Receptor Ligands-KSK-59 and KSK-73-Reduce Body Weight Gain in a Rat Model of Excessive Eating. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111080. [PMID: 34832862 PMCID: PMC8622623 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Noting the worldwide rapid increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity new effective drugs are now being sought to combat these diseases. Histamine H3 receptor antagonists may represent an effective therapy as they have been shown to modulate histamine synthesis and release and affect a number of other neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, substance P) thus influencing the food intake. Based on the preliminary studies determining affinity, intrinsic activity, and selected pharmacokinetic parameters, two histamine H3 receptor ligands were selected. Female rats were fed palatable food for 28 days and simultaneously administered the tested compounds intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a dose of 10 or 1 mg/kg b.w./day. Weight was evaluated daily and calorie intake was evaluated once per week. The plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, corticosterone, CRP and IL-6 were determined at the end of experiment. The glucose tolerance test was also performed. To exclude false positives, the effect of tested compounds on spontaneous activity was monitored during the treatment, as well as the amount of consumed kaolin clay was studied as a reflection of possible gastrointestinal disturbances comparable to nausea. The histamine H3 receptor antagonists KSK-59 and KSK-73 administered i.p. at a dose of 10 mg/kg b.w. prevented weight gain in a rat model of excessive eating. They reduced adipose tissue deposits and improved glucose tolerance. Both compounds showed satisfying ability to penetrate through biological membranes determined in in vitro studies. Compound KSK-73 also reduced the caloric intake of the experimental animals what indicates its anorectic effect. These results show the pharmacological properties of histamine H3 receptor antagonists, (4-pyridyl)piperazine derivatives, as the compounds causing not only slower weight gain but also ameliorating some metabolic disorders in rats having the opportunity to overeat.
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Amigo J, Garro-Martinez E, Vidal Casado R, Compan V, Pilar-Cuéllar F, Pazos A, Díaz A, Castro E. 5-HT 4 Receptors Are Not Involved in the Effects of Fluoxetine in the Corticosterone Model of Depression. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2036-2044. [PMID: 33974408 PMCID: PMC8459452 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
Clinical
and preclinical studies report the implication of 5-hydroxytryptamine
4 receptors (5-HT4Rs) in depression and anxiety. Here,
we tested whether the absence of 5-HT4Rs influences the response to
the antidepressant fluoxetine in mice subjected to chronic corticosterone
administration, an animal model of depression and anxiety. Therefore,
the effects of chronic administration of fluoxetine in corticosterone-treated
wild-type (WT) and 5-HT4R knockout (KO) mice were evaluated
in the open-field and novelty suppressed feeding tests. As 5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1AR) and brain-derived neurotrophic
factor (BDNF) are critically involved in depression and anxiety, we
further evaluated 5-HT1A receptor functionality by [35S]GTPγS autoradiography and BDNF mRNA expression by in situ hybridization techniques. We found that 5-HT4R KO and WT mice displayed anxiety- and depressive-like behavior
following chronic administration of corticosterone, as evidenced in
the open-field and novelty suppressed feeding tests. In the open-field,
a decreased central activity was observed in naïve and
corticosterone-treated mice of both genotypes following chronic fluoxetine
administration. In the novelty suppressed feeding test, a predictive
paradigm of antidepressant activity, chronic treatment with fluoxetine
reverted the latency to eat in both genotypes. The antidepressant
also potentiated the corticosterone-induced desensitization of the
5-HT1AR in the dorsal raphe nucleus. Further, chronic fluoxetine
increased BDNF mRNA expression in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus
in corticosterone-treated mice of both genotypes. Therefore, our findings
indicate that the behavioral effects of fluoxetine in the corticosterone
model of depression and anxiety appear not to be dependent on 5-HT4Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Amigo
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (Universidad de Cantabria, CSIC, SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Garro-Martinez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (Universidad de Cantabria, CSIC, SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Vidal Casado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fuencisla Pilar-Cuéllar
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (Universidad de Cantabria, CSIC, SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Pazos
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (Universidad de Cantabria, CSIC, SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Díaz
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (Universidad de Cantabria, CSIC, SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Castro
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (Universidad de Cantabria, CSIC, SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Beyeler A, Ju A, Chagraoui A, Cuvelle L, Teixeira M, Di Giovanni G, De Deurwaerdère P. Multiple facets of serotonergic modulation. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 261:3-39. [PMID: 33785133 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The serotonergic system of the central nervous system (CNS) has been implicated in a broad range of physiological functions and behaviors, such as cognition, mood, social interaction, sexual behavior, feeding behavior, sleep-wake cycle and thermoregulation. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) establishes a plethora of interactions with neurochemical systems in the CNS via its numerous 5-HT receptors and autoreceptors. The facets of this control are multiple if we consider the molecular actors playing a role in the autoregulation of 5-HT neuron activity including the 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2B, 5-HT7 receptors as well as the serotonin transporter. Moreover, extrinsic loops involving other neurotransmitters giving the other 5-HT receptors the possibility to impact 5-HT neuron activity. Grasping the complexity of these interactions is essential for the development of a variety of therapeutic strategies for cognitive defects and mood disorders. Presently we can illustrate the plurality of the mechanisms and only conceive that these 5-HT controls are likely not uniform in terms of regional and neuronal distribution. Our understanding of the specific expression patterns of these receptors on specific circuits and neuronal populations are progressing and will expand our comprehension of the function and interaction of these receptors with other chemical systems. Thus, the development of new approaches profiling the expression of 5-HT receptors and autoreceptors should reveal additional facets of the 5-HT controls of neurochemical systems in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Beyeler
- Neurocentre Magendie, INSERM 1215, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Anes Ju
- Neurocentre Magendie, INSERM 1215, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Abdeslam Chagraoui
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Rouen, France; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Lise Cuvelle
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Intégratives et Cognitives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maxime Teixeira
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Intégratives et Cognitives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Neuroscience Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Intégratives et Cognitives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France
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De Deurwaerdère P, Chagraoui A, Di Giovanni G. Serotonin/dopamine interaction: Electrophysiological and neurochemical evidence. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 261:161-264. [PMID: 33785130 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in the central nervous system (CNS) plays an important role in the adaptive properties of living animals to their environment. These are two modulatory, divergent systems shaping and regulating in a widespread manner the activity of neurobiological networks and their interaction. The concept of one interaction linking these two systems is rather elusive when looking at the mechanisms triggered by these two systems across the CNS. The great variety of their interacting mechanisms is in part due to the diversity of their neuronal origin, the density of their fibers in a given CNS region, the distinct expression of their numerous receptors in the CNS, the heterogeneity of their intracellular signaling pathway that depend on the cellular type expressing their receptors, and the state of activity of neurobiological networks, conditioning the outcome of their mutual influences. Thus, originally conceptualized as inhibition of 5-HT on DA neuron activity and DA neurotransmission, this interaction is nowadays considered as a multifaceted, mutual influence of these two systems in the regulation of CNS functions. These new ways of understanding this interaction are of utmost importance to envision the consequences of their dysfunctions underlined in several CNS diseases. It is also essential to conceive the mechanism of action of psychotropic drugs directly acting on their function including antipsychotic, antidepressant, antiparkinsonian, and drug of abuse together with the development of therapeutic strategies of Alzheimer's diseases, epilepsy, obsessional compulsive disorders. The 5-HT/DA interaction has a long history from the serendipitous discovery of antidepressants and antipsychotics to the future, rationalized treatments of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Intégratives et Cognitives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Abdeslam Chagraoui
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Rouen, France; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Neuroscience Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Kokhan VS, Mariasina S, Pikalov VA, Abaimov DA, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist reverses functional CNS alteration caused by combined γ-rays and carbon nuclei irradiation. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 21:278-289. [PMID: 33480350 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210122092330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionizing radiation (IR) is one of the major limiting factors for human deep-space missions. Preventing IR-induced cognitive alterations in astronauts is a critical success factor. It has been shown that cognitive alterations in rodents can be inferred by alterations of a psycho-emotional balance, primarily an anxiogenic effect of IR. In our recent work we hypothesized that the neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor may be instrumental for such alterations. OBJECTIVE The NK1 receptor antagonist rolapitant and the classic anxiolytic diazepam (as a comparison drug) were selected to test this hypothesis on Wistar rats. METHOD Pharmacological substances were administered through intragastric probes. We used a battery of tests for a comprehensive ethological analysis. A high-performance liquid chromatography was applied to quantify monoamines content. An analysis of mRNA expression was performed by real-time PCR. Protein content was studied by Western blotting technique. RESULTS Our salient finding includes no substantial changes in anxiety, locomotor activity and cognitive abilities of treated rats under irradiation. No differences were found in the content of monoamines. We discovered a synchronous effect on mRNA expression and protein content of 5-HT2a and 5-HT4 receptors in the prefrontal cortex, as well as decreased content of serotonin transporter and increased content of tryptophan hydroxylase in the hypothalamus of irradiated rats. Rolapitant affected the protein amount of a number of serotonin receptors in the amygdala of irradiated rats. CONCLUSION Rolapitant may be the first atypical radioprotector, providing symptomatic treatment of CNS functional disorders in astronauts caused by IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor S Kokhan
- V.P. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow. Russian Federation
| | - Sofia Mariasina
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow. Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A Pikalov
- Institute for High Energy Physics named by A.A. Logunov of NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Protvino. Russian Federation
| | | | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, 26426. United States
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, 26426. United States
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991. Russian Federation
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Scharner S, Stengel A. Animal Models for Anorexia Nervosa-A Systematic Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:596381. [PMID: 33551774 PMCID: PMC7854692 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.596381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image which usually leads to low caloric intake and hyperactivity. The underlying mechanism and pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa is still poorly understood. In order to learn more about the underlying pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa and to find further possible treatment options, several animal models mimicking anorexia nervosa have been developed. The aim of this review is to systematically search different databases and provide an overview of existing animal models and to discuss the current knowledge gained from animal models of anorexia nervosa. For the systematic data search, the Pubmed—Medline database, Embase database, and Web of Science database were searched. After removal of duplicates and the systematic process of selection, 108 original research papers were included in this systematic review. One hundred and six studies were performed with rodents and 2 on monkeys. Eighteen different animal models for anorexia nervosa were used in these studies. Parameters assessed in many studies were body weight, food intake, physical activity, cessation of the estrous cycle in female animals, behavioral changes, metabolic and hormonal alterations. The most commonly used animal model (75 of the studies) is the activity-based anorexia model in which typically young rodents are exposed to time-reduced access to food (a certain number of hours a day) with unrestricted access to a running wheel. Of the genetic animal models, one that is of particular interest is the anx/anx mice model. Animal models have so far contributed many findings to the understanding of mechanisms of hunger and satiety, physical activity and cognition in an underweight state and other mechanisms relevant for anorexia nervosa in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Scharner
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Rapid Anxiolytic Effects of RS67333, a Serotonin Type 4 Receptor Agonist, and Diazepam, a Benzodiazepine, Are Mediated by Projections From the Prefrontal Cortex to the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:514-525. [PMID: 31623825 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of serotonin (5-HT) type 4 receptors (5-HT4Rs) has been shown to have anxiolytic effects in a variety of animal models. Characterizing the circuits responsible for these effects should offer insights into new approaches to treat anxiety. METHODS We evaluated whether acute 5-HT4R activation in glutamatergic axon terminals arising from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) induced fast anxiolytic effects. Anxiolytic effects of an acute systemic administration (1.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or intra-mPFC infusion with the 5-HT4R agonist, RS67333 (0.5 μg/side), were examined in mice. To provide evidence that anxiolytic effects of RS67333 recruited an mPFC-DRN neural circuit, in vivo recordings of firing rate of DRN 5-HT neurons, cerebral 5-HT depletion, and optogenetic activation and silencing were performed. RESULTS Acute systemic administration and intra-mPFC infusion of RS67333 produced fast anxiolytic effects and increased DRN 5-HT cell firing. Serotonin depletion prevented anxiolytic effects induced by mPFC infusion of RS67333. Surprisingly the anxiolytic effects of mPFC infusion diazepam (1.5 μg/side) were also blocked by 5-HT depletion. Optogenetically activating mPFC terminals targeting the DRN reduced anxiety, whereas silencing this circuit blocked RS67333 and diazepam mPFC infusion-induced anxiolytic effects. Finally, anxiolytic effects induced by an acute systemic RS67333 or diazepam administration were partially blocked after optogenetically inhibiting cortical glutamatergic terminals in the DRN. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that activating 5-HT4R acutely in the mPFC or targeting mPFC pyramidal cell terminals in the DRN might constitute a strategy to produce a fast anxiolytic response.
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Yabut JM, Crane JD, Green AE, Keating DJ, Khan WI, Steinberg GR. Emerging Roles for Serotonin in Regulating Metabolism: New Implications for an Ancient Molecule. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1092-1107. [PMID: 30901029 PMCID: PMC6624793 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin is a phylogenetically ancient biogenic amine that has played an integral role in maintaining energy homeostasis for billions of years. In mammals, serotonin produced within the central nervous system regulates behavior, suppresses appetite, and promotes energy expenditure by increasing sympathetic drive to brown adipose tissue. In addition to these central circuits, emerging evidence also suggests an important role for peripheral serotonin as a factor that enhances nutrient absorption and storage. Specifically, glucose and fatty acids stimulate the release of serotonin from the duodenum, promoting gut peristalsis and nutrient absorption. Serotonin also enters the bloodstream and interacts with multiple organs, priming the body for energy storage by promoting insulin secretion and de novo lipogenesis in the liver and white adipose tissue, while reducing lipolysis and the metabolic activity of brown and beige adipose tissue. Collectively, peripheral serotonin acts as an endocrine factor to promote the efficient storage of energy by upregulating lipid anabolism. Pharmacological inhibition of serotonin synthesis or signaling in key metabolic tissues are potential drug targets for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Yabut
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin D Crane
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander E Green
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damien J Keating
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Waliul I Khan
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Rebholz H, Friedman E, Castello J. Alterations of Expression of the Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor in Brain Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113581. [PMID: 30428567 PMCID: PMC6274737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin 4 receptor, 5-HT₄R, represents one of seven different serotonin receptor families and is implicated in a variety of physiological functions and their pathophysiological variants, such as mood and depression or anxiety, food intake and obesity or anorexia, or memory and memory loss in Alzheimer's disease. Its central nervous system expression pattern in the forebrain, in particular in caudate putamen, the hippocampus and to lesser extent in the cortex, predispose it for a role in executive function and reward-related actions. In rodents, regional overexpression or knockdown in the prefrontal cortex or the nucleus accumbens of 5-HT₄R was shown to impact mood and depression-like phenotypes, food intake and hypophagia; however, whether expression changes are causally involved in the etiology of such disorders is not clear. In this context, more data are emerging, especially based on PET technology and the use of ligand tracers that demonstrate altered 5-HT₄R expression in brain disorders in humans, confirming data stemming from post-mortem tissue and preclinical animal models. In this review, we would like to present the current knowledge of 5-HT₄R expression in brain regions relevant to mood/depression, reward and executive function with a focus on 5-HT₄R expression changes in brain disorders or caused by drug treatment, at both the transcript and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Rebholz
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Eitan Friedman
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA.
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Julia Castello
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA.
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
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15
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Koorneef LL, Bogaards M, Reinders MJT, Meijer OC, Mahfouz A. How Metabolic State May Regulate Fear: Presence of Metabolic Receptors in the Fear Circuitry. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:594. [PMID: 30210279 PMCID: PMC6119828 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic status impacts on the emotional brain to induce behavior that maintains energy balance. While hunger suppresses the fear circuitry to promote explorative food-seeking behavior, satiety or obesity may increase fear to prevent unnecessary risk-taking. Here we aimed to unravel which metabolic factors, that transfer information about the acute and the chronic metabolic status, are of primary importance to regulate fear, and to identify their sites of action within fear-related brain regions. We performed a de novo analysis of central and peripheral metabolic factors that can penetrate the blood–brain barrier using genome-wide expression data across the mouse brain from the Allen Brain Atlas (ABA). The central fear circuitry, as defined by subnuclei of the amygdala, the afferent hippocampus, the medial prefrontal cortex and the efferent periaqueductal gray, was enriched with metabolic receptors. Some of their corresponding ligands were known to modulate fear (e.g., estrogen and thyroid hormones) while others had not been associated with fear before (e.g., glucagon, ACTH). Additionally, several of these enriched metabolic receptors were coexpressed with well-described fear-modulating genes (Crh, Crhr1, or Crhr2). Co-expression analysis of monoamine markers and metabolic receptors suggested that monoaminergic nuclei have differential sensitivity to metabolic alterations. Serotonergic neurons expressed a large number of metabolic receptors (e.g., estrogen receptors, fatty acid receptors), suggesting a wide responsivity to metabolic changes. The noradrenergic system seemed to be specifically sensitive to hypocretin/orexin modulation. Taken together, we identified a number of novel metabolic factors (glucagon, ACTH) that have the potential to modulate the fear response. We additionally propose novel cerebral targets for metabolic factors (e.g., thyroid hormones) that modulate fear, but of which the sites of action are (largely) unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Koorneef
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marit Bogaards
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marcel J T Reinders
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Delft Bioinformatics Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Mahfouz
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Delft Bioinformatics Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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