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Jin Y, Zhou P, Huang S, Shao C, Huang D, Su X, Yang R, Jiang J, Wu J. Cucurbitacin B Inhibits the Proliferation of WPMY-1 Cells and HPRF Cells via the p53/MDM2 Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9333. [PMID: 39273281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern research has shown that Cucurbitacin B (Cu B) possesses various biological activities such as liver protection, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. However, the majority of research has primarily concentrated on its hepatoprotective effects, with limited attention devoted to exploring its potential impact on the prostate. Our research indicates that Cu B effectively inhibits the proliferation of human prostate stromal cells (WPMY-1) and fibroblasts (HPRF), while triggering apoptosis in prostate cells. When treated with 100 nM Cu B, the apoptosis rates of WPMY-1 and HPRF cells reached 51.73 ± 5.38% and 26.83 ± 0.40%, respectively. In addition, the cell cycle assay showed that Cu B had a G2/M phase cycle arrest effect on WPMY-1 cells. Based on RNA-sequencing analysis, Cu B might inhibit prostate cell proliferation via the p53 signaling pathway. Subsequently, the related gene and protein expression levels were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Our results mirrored the regulation of tumor protein p53 (TP53), mouse double minute-2 (MDM2), cyclin D1 (CCND1), and thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) in Cu B-induced prostate cell apoptosis. Altogether, Cu B may inhibit prostate cell proliferation and correlate to the modulation of the p53/MDM2 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Jin
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sisi Huang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Congcong Shao
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dongyan Huang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Su
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongfu Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Juan Jiang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Lin Q, Zhu J, Zhu W, Zhu H, Li M, Zhao J, Jia S, Nie S. Prognostic value and drug sensitivity of F‑box and leucine‑rich repeat protein 6 in glioma. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:320. [PMID: 38807668 PMCID: PMC11130608 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are highly malignant and invasive tumors lacking clear boundaries. Previous bioinformatics and experimental analyses have indicated that F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 6 (FBXL6), a protein crucial for the cell cycle and tumorigenesis, is highly expressed in certain types of tumors. The high expression level of FBXL6 is reported to promote tumor growth and adversely affect patient survival. However, the molecular mechanism, prognostic value and drug sensitivity of FBXL6 in glioma remain unclear. To address this, the present study analyzed FBXL6 expression in gliomas, utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas databases. Analysis of FBXL6 mRNA expression levels, combined with patient factors such as age, sex and tumor grade using Kaplan-Meier plots and nomograms, demonstrated a strong correlation between FBXL6 expression and glioma progression. Co-expression networks provided further insights into the biological function of FBXL6. Additionally, using CIBERSORT and TISDB tools, the correlation between FBXL6 expression correlation tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune genes was demonstrated to be statistically significant. These findings were validated by examining FBXL6 mRNA and protein levels in glioma tissues using various techniques, including western blot, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. These assays demonstrated the role of FBXL6 in glioma progression. Furthermore, drug sensitivity analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between FBXL6 expression and various drugs, which indicated that FBXL6 may potentially act as a future promising therapeutic target in glioma treatment. Therefore, the present study identified FBXL6 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with gliomas and highlighted its potential role in glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Lin
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jinchao Zhu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Weiyao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Zhu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Meijun Li
- Department of Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Shouqiang Jia
- Department of Imaging, Jinan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, P.R. China
| | - Shengdong Nie
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
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3
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Sun Y, Chen J, Hong JH, Xiao R, Teng Y, Wang P, Deng P, Yu Z, Chan JY, Chai KXY, Gao J, Wang Y, Pan L, Liu L, Liu S, Teh BT, Yu Q, Lim ST, Li W, Xu B, Ong CK, Tan J. Targeting AURKA to induce synthetic lethality in CREBBP-deficient B-cell malignancies via attenuation of MYC expression. Oncogene 2024; 43:2172-2183. [PMID: 38783101 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in CREBBP, which encodes for a histone acetyltransferase, occur frequently in B-cell malignancies, highlighting CREBBP deficiency as an attractive therapeutic target. Using established isogenic cell models, we demonstrated that CREBBP-deficient cells are selectively vulnerable to AURKA inhibition. Mechanistically, we found that co-targeting CREBBP and AURKA suppressed MYC transcriptionally and post-translationally to induce replication stress and apoptosis. Inhibition of AURKA dramatically decreased MYC protein level in CREBBP-deficient cells, implying a dependency on AURKA to sustain MYC stability. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that pharmacological inhibition of AURKA was efficacious in delaying tumor progression in CREBBP-deficient cells and was synergistic with CREBBP inhibitors in CREBBP-proficient cells. Our study sheds light on a novel synthetic lethal interaction between CREBBP and AURKA, indicating that targeting AURKA represents a potential therapeutic strategy for high-risk B-cell malignancies harboring CREBBP inactivating mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Han Hong
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Teng
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoliang Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jason Yongsheng Chan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kelila Xin Ye Chai
- Lymphoma Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiuping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Pan
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shini Liu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiang Yu
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soon Thye Lim
- Director's office, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Office of Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wenyu Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Banglao Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Choon Kiat Ong
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Lymphoma Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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4
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Zhu Y, Wang Z, Li Y, Peng H, Liu J, Zhang J, Xiao X. The Role of CREBBP/EP300 and Its Therapeutic Implications in Hematological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041219. [PMID: 36831561 PMCID: PMC9953837 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Disordered histone acetylation has emerged as a key mechanism in promoting hematological malignancies. CREB-binding protein (CREBBP) and E1A-binding protein P300 (EP300) are two key acetyltransferases and transcriptional cofactors that regulate gene expression by regulating the acetylation levels of histone proteins and non-histone proteins. CREBBP/EP300 dysregulation and CREBBP/EP300-containing complexes are critical for the initiation, progression, and chemoresistance of hematological malignancies. CREBBP/EP300 also participate in tumor immune responses by regulating the differentiation and function of multiple immune cells. Currently, CREBBP/EP300 are attractive targets for drug development and are increasingly used as favorable tools in preclinical studies of hematological malignancies. In this review, we summarize the role of CREBBP/EP300 in normal hematopoiesis and highlight the pathogenic mechanisms of CREBBP/EP300 in hematological malignancies. Moreover, the research basis and potential future therapeutic implications of related inhibitors were also discussed from several aspects. This review represents an in-depth insight into the physiological and pathological significance of CREBBP/EP300 in hematology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (X.X.); Tel.: +86-734-8279050 (J.Z.); +86-731-84805449 (X.X.)
| | - Xiaojuan Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (X.X.); Tel.: +86-734-8279050 (J.Z.); +86-731-84805449 (X.X.)
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5
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Fennell DA, Bzura A. Accelerating innovations in systemic therapy for pleural mesothelioma. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:902-904. [PMID: 35999308 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dean A Fennell
- Mesothelioma Research Programme, Centre for Cancer Research, Department of Genomics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Aleksandra Bzura
- Mesothelioma Research Programme, Centre for Cancer Research, Department of Genomics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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6
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Pillai R, Hayashi M, Zavitsanou AM, Papagiannakopoulos T. NRF2: KEAPing Tumors Protected. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:625-643. [PMID: 35101864 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway plays a physiologic protective role against xenobiotics and reactive oxygen species. However, activation of NRF2 provides a powerful selective advantage for tumors by rewiring metabolism to enhance proliferation, suppress various forms of stress, and promote immune evasion. Genetic, epigenetic, and posttranslational alterations that activate the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway are found in multiple solid tumors. Emerging clinical data highlight that alterations in this pathway result in resistance to multiple therapies. Here, we provide an overview of how dysregulation of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway in cancer contributes to several hallmarks of cancer that promote tumorigenesis and lead to treatment resistance. SIGNIFICANCE: Alterations in the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway are found in multiple cancer types. Activation of NRF2 leads to metabolic rewiring of tumors that promote tumor initiation and progression. Here we present the known alterations that lead to NRF2 activation in cancer, the mechanisms in which NRF2 activation promotes tumors, and the therapeutic implications of NRF2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Pillai
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, New York.,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Makiko Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Anastasia-Maria Zavitsanou
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
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7
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Iida Y, Gon Y, Nakanishi Y, Kurosawa Y, Nakagawa Y, Mizumura K, Shimizu T, Takahashi N, Masuda S. Genomic analysis between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and associated lung cancer using laser-assisted microdissection: A case report. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:1449-1452. [PMID: 33784423 PMCID: PMC8088965 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the most fatal complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the molecular pathogenesis of the development of LC from IPF is still unclear. Here, we report a case of IPF‐associated LC for which we investigated the genetic alterations between IPF and LC. We extracted formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded DNA from each part of the surgical lung tissue using a laser‐assisted microdissection technique. The mutations in each part were detected by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) using 72 lung cancer‐related mutation panels. Five mutations were found in IPF and four in LC. Almost all somatic mutations did not overlap between the IPF and LC regions. These findings suggest that IPF‐associated LC may not be a result of the accumulation of somatic mutations in the regenerated epithelium of the honeycomb lung in the IPF region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Iida
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Gon
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Nakanishi
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurosawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nakagawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizumura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shimizu
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriaki Takahashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Itabashi Medical Association Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinobu Masuda
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Ryan SL, Dave KA, Beard S, Gyimesi M, McTaggart M, Sahin KB, Molloy C, Gandhi NS, Boittier E, O'Leary CG, Shah ET, Bolderson E, Baird AM, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ, Adams MN. Identification of Proteins Deregulated by Platinum-Based Chemotherapy as Novel Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:615967. [PMID: 33777753 PMCID: PMC7991912 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.615967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment for most people with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), either as adjuvant therapy in combination with a second cytotoxic agent or in combination with immunotherapy. Resistance to therapy, either in the form of primary refractory disease or evolutionary resistance, remains a significant issue in the treatment of NSCLC. Hence, predictive biomarkers and novel combinational strategies are required to improve the effectiveness and durability of treatment response 6for people with NSCLC. The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers and/or druggable proteins from deregulated protein networks within non-oncogene driven disease that are involved in the cellular response to cisplatin. Following exposure of NSCLC cells to cisplatin, in vitro quantitative mass spectrometry was applied to identify altered protein response networks. A total of 65 proteins were significantly deregulated following cisplatin exposure. These proteins were assessed to determine if they are druggable targets using novel machine learning approaches and to identify whether these proteins might serve as prognosticators of platinum therapy. Our data demonstrate novel candidates and drug-like molecules warranting further investigation to improve response to platinum agents in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Louise Ryan
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Keyur A Dave
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Sam Beard
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Martina Gyimesi
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew McTaggart
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Katherine B Sahin
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher Molloy
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Neha S Gandhi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Eric Boittier
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Connor G O'Leary
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Esha T Shah
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Baird
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Derek J Richard
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark N Adams
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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9
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Emerging multifaceted roles of BAP1 complexes in biological processes. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:20. [PMID: 33483476 PMCID: PMC7822832 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00406-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Histone H2AK119 mono-ubiquitination (H2AK119Ub) is a relatively abundant histone modification, mainly catalyzed by the Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) to regulate Polycomb-mediated transcriptional repression of downstream target genes. Consequently, H2AK119Ub can also be dynamically reversed by the BAP1 complex, an evolutionarily conserved multiprotein complex that functions as a general transcriptional activator. In previous studies, it has been reported that the BAP1 complex consists of important biological roles in development, metabolism, and cancer. However, identifying the BAP1 complex's regulatory mechanisms remains to be elucidated due to its various complex forms and its ability to target non-histone substrates. In this review, we will summarize recent findings that have contributed to the diverse functional role of the BAP1 complex and further discuss the potential in targeting BAP1 for therapeutic use.
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10
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GNA13 regulates BCL2 expression and the sensitivity of GCB-DLBCL cells to BCL2 inhibitors in a palmitoylation-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:54. [PMID: 33423045 PMCID: PMC7797003 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
GNA13, encoding one of the G protein alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins that transduce signals of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), is frequently mutated in germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (GCB-DLBCL) with poor prognostic outcomes. Due to the "undruggable" nature of GNA13, targeted therapy for these patients is not available. In this study, we found that palmitoylation of GNA13 not only regulates its plasma membrane localization, but also regulates GNA13's stability. It is essential for the tumor suppressor function of GNA13 in GCB-DLBCL cells. Interestingly, GNA13 negatively regulates BCL2 expression in GCB-DLBCL cells in a palmitoylation-dependent manner. Consistently, BCL2 inhibitors were found to be effective in killing GNA13-deficient GCB-DLBCL cells in a cell-based chemical screen. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inactivating GNA13 by targeting its palmitoylation enhanced the sensitivity of GCB-DLBCL to the BCL2 inhibitor. These studies indicate that the loss-of-function mutation of GNA13 is a biomarker for BCL2 inhibitor therapy of GCB-DLBCL and that GNA13 palmitoylation is a potential target for combination therapy with BCL2 inhibitors to treat GCB-DLBCL with wild-type GNA13.
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11
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Yang H, Xu D, Schmid RA, Peng RW. Biomarker-guided targeted and immunotherapies in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920971421. [PMID: 33240401 PMCID: PMC7672749 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920971421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a lethal thoracic malignancy whose incidence is still increasing worldwide. MPM is characterized by frequent inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs), e.g., the homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/2B and various genetic alterations that inactivate BAP1, NF2, LATS1/2, and TP53. The leading cause for the poor prognosis of patients with MPM is the lack of effective treatment options, with conventional chemotherapy being the standard of care in the clinic, which has remained unchanged for almost 20 years. Precision oncology, a burgeoning effort to provide precise cancer treatment tailored to unique molecular changes in individual patients, has made tremendous progress in the last decade in several cancers, but not in MPM. Recent studies indicate a high degree of tumor heterogeneity in MPM and the importance to optimize histological and molecular classifications for improved treatment. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of recent advances in MPM by focusing on new stratifications of tumor subgroups, specific vulnerabilities associated with functional loss of TSGs and other biomarkers, and potential clinical implications. The molecularly based subdivisions not only deepen our understanding of MPM pathobiology, but more importantly, they may raise unprecedented new hopes for personalized treatment of MPM patients with biomarker-guided targeted and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitang Yang
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duo Xu
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ralph A. Schmid
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, Bern, 3010, Switzerland
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, Bern, 3010, Switzerland
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12
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Xu D, Yang H, Schmid RA, Peng RW. Therapeutic Landscape of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Collateral Vulnerabilities and Evolutionary Dependencies in the Spotlight. Front Oncol 2020; 10:579464. [PMID: 33072611 PMCID: PMC7538645 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.579464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is the epitome of a recalcitrant cancer driven by pharmacologically intractable tumor suppressor proteins. A significant but largely unmet challenge in the field is the translation of genetic information on alterations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) into effective cancer-specific therapies. The notion that abnormal tumor genome subverts physiological cellular processes, which creates collateral vulnerabilities contextually related to specific genetic alterations, offers a promising strategy to target TSG-driven MPM. Moreover, emerging evidence has increasingly appreciated the therapeutic potential of genetic and pharmacological dependencies acquired en route to cancer development and drug resistance. Here, we review the most recent progress on vulnerabilities co-selected by functional loss of major TSGs and dependencies evolving out of cancer development and resistance to cisplatin based chemotherapy, the only first-line regimen approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Finally, we highlight CRISPR-based functional genomics that has emerged as a powerful platform for cancer drug discovery in MPM. The repertoire of MPM-specific “Achilles heel” rises on the horizon, which holds the promise to elucidate therapeutic landscape and may promote precision oncology for MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Haitang Yang
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ralph A Schmid
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Therapy-Induced Evolution of Human Lung Cancer Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Cell 2020; 182:1232-1251.e22. [PMID: 32822576 PMCID: PMC7484178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer mortality, exhibits heterogeneity that enables adaptability, limits therapeutic success, and remains incompletely understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of metastatic lung cancer was performed using 49 clinical biopsies obtained from 30 patients before and during targeted therapy. Over 20,000 cancer and tumor microenvironment (TME) single-cell profiles exposed a rich and dynamic tumor ecosystem. scRNA-seq of cancer cells illuminated targetable oncogenes beyond those detected clinically. Cancer cells surviving therapy as residual disease (RD) expressed an alveolar-regenerative cell signature suggesting a therapy-induced primitive cell-state transition, whereas those present at on-therapy progressive disease (PD) upregulated kynurenine, plasminogen, and gap-junction pathways. Active T-lymphocytes and decreased macrophages were present at RD and immunosuppressive cell states characterized PD. Biological features revealed by scRNA-seq were biomarkers of clinical outcomes in independent cohorts. This study highlights how therapy-induced adaptation of the multi-cellular ecosystem of metastatic cancer shapes clinical outcomes. scRNA-seq is feasible in metastatic human NSCLCs and reveals a rich tumor ecosystem Individual tumors and cancer cells exhibit substantial molecular diversity Cancer and tumor microenvironment cells exhibit marked therapy-induced plasticity scRNA-seq of metastatic NSCLCs unveils new opportunities to improve clinical outcomes
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14
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Yang H, Xu D, Yang Z, Yao F, Zhao H, Schmid RA, Peng RW. Systematic Analysis of Aberrant Biochemical Networks and Potential Drug Vulnerabilities Induced by Tumor Suppressor Loss in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2310. [PMID: 32824422 PMCID: PMC7465812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is driven by the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). An unmet need in the field is the translation of the genomic landscape into effective TSG-specific therapies. Methods: We correlated genomes against transcriptomes of patients' MPM tumors, by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The identified aberrant biochemical networks and potential drug targets induced by tumor suppressor loss were validated by integrative data analysis and functional interrogation. Results: CDKN2A/2B loss activates G2/M checkpoint and PI3K/AKT, prioritizing a co-targeting strategy for CDKN2A/2B-null MPM. CDKN2A deficiency significantly co-occurs with deletions of anti-viral type I interferon (IFN-I) genes and BAP1 mutations, that enriches the IFN-I signature, stratifying a unique subset, with deficient IFN-I, but proficient BAP1 for oncolytic viral immunotherapies. Aberrant p53 attenuates differentiation and SETD2 loss acquires the dependency on EGFRs, highlighting the potential of differentiation therapy and pan-EGFR inhibitors for these subpopulations, respectively. LATS2 deficiency is linked with dysregulated immunoregulation, suggesting a rationale for immune checkpoint blockade. Finally, multiple lines of evidence support Dasatinib as a promising therapeutic for LATS2-mutant MPM. Conclusions: Systematic identification of abnormal cellular processes and potential drug vulnerabilities specified by TSG alterations provide a framework for precision oncology in MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitang Yang
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, CH3008 Bern, Switzerland; (H.Y.); (D.X.); (Z.Y.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (F.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Duo Xu
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, CH3008 Bern, Switzerland; (H.Y.); (D.X.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhang Yang
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, CH3008 Bern, Switzerland; (H.Y.); (D.X.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (F.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (F.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ralph A. Schmid
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, CH3008 Bern, Switzerland; (H.Y.); (D.X.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, CH3008 Bern, Switzerland; (H.Y.); (D.X.); (Z.Y.)
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15
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Yang C, Ding H, Yang Y, Yang L, Yang Y, Fang M, Ren J, Hu R, Wang C, Geng W. BAP1 regulates AMPK-mTOR signalling pathway through deubiquitinating and stabilizing tumour-suppressor LKB1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:1025-1032. [PMID: 32819560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1), a tumour suppressor, participates in many cellular processes, including cell survival, growth, apoptosis, transformation, and metabolism. Upon performing yeast two-hybrid screening, co-immunoprecipitation, and GST pull-down, we identified that BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1), a deubiquitinase, interacts with LKB1. Immunoblotting was performed to examine the effect of BAP1 on the activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), downstream of LKB1. The relationship between BAP1 deficiency and cancer cell proliferation was examined using cell survival assay and soft agar assay. qRT-PCR and oil red O staining were performed to evaluate lipid synthesis. Our findings reveal that BAP1 deubiquitinates LKB1, inhibits its degradation, and stabilises it, thereby affecting AMPK activation and downstream mTOR activity. BAP1 deficiency may enhance cellular proliferation as well as lipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hongyu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Long Yang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Meimiao Fang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jin Ren
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Wujun Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Shan L, Yu J, He Z, Chen S, Liu M, Ding H, Xu L, Zhao J, Yang A, Jiang H. Defining relative mutational difficulty to understand cancer formation. Cell Discov 2020; 6:48. [PMID: 32704382 PMCID: PMC7371891 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-020-0177-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most mutations in human cancer are low-frequency missense mutations, whose functional status remains hard to predict. Here, we show that depending on the type of nucleotide change and the surrounding sequences, the tendency to generate each type of nucleotide mutations varies greatly, even by several hundred folds. Therefore, a cancer-promoting mutation may appear only in a small number of cancer cases, if the underlying nucleotide change is too difficult to generate. We propose a method that integrates both the original mutation counts and their relative mutational difficulty. Using this method, we can accurately predict the functionality of hundreds of low-frequency missense mutations in p53, PTEN, and INK4A. Many loss-of-function p53 mutations with dominant negative effects were identified, and the functional importance of several regions in p53 structure were highlighted by this analysis. Our study not only established relative mutational difficulties for different types of mutations in human cancer, but also showed that by incorporating such a parameter, we can bring new angles to understanding cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zhengjin He
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Shishuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hongyu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ailing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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17
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Gonzalez-Rajal A, Hastings JF, Watkins DN, Croucher DR, Burgess A. Breathing New Life into the Mechanisms of Platinum Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:305. [PMID: 32457904 PMCID: PMC7225257 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan F. Hastings
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D. Neil Watkins
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - David R. Croucher
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Burgess
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
- The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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18
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Prognostic and Predictive Value of PBRM1 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010016. [PMID: 31861590 PMCID: PMC7016957 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent kidney solid tumor, the clear cell RCC (ccRCC) being the major histological subtype. The probability of recurrence and the clinical behavior of ccRCC will greatly depend on the different clinical and histopathological features, already incorporated to different scoring systems, and on the genomic landscape of the tumor. In this sense, ccRCC has for a long time been known to be associated to the biallelic inactivation of Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene which causes aberrant hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) accumulation. Recently, next generation-sequencing technologies have provided the bases for an in-depth molecular characterization of ccRCC, identifying additional recurrently mutated genes, such as PBRM1 (≈40-50%), SETD2 (≈12%), or BAP1 (≈10%). PBRM1, the second most common mutated gene in ccRCC after VHL, is a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Different studies have investigated the biological consequences and the potential role of PBRM1 alterations in RCC prognosis and as a drug response modulator, although some results are contradictory. In the present article, we review the current evidence on PBRM1 as potential prognostic and predictive marker in both localized and metastatic RCC.
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