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Yoshida A, Yasuda K, Okada H. Changes in the conflicting nongenomic effects of progesterone in rat myometrium during pregnancy. Life Sci 2024; 340:122454. [PMID: 38262574 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Although the functions of progesterone in the myometrium are well-established, the nongenomic effects of progesterone in pregnant myometrial contractions are still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate changes in the nongenomic effects of progesterone during pregnancy. MAIN METHODS Myometrial strips were obtained from non-pregnant, pregnant, and postpartum rats, and the nongenomic effects of progesterone in the myometrium during pregnancy were examined. Additionally, the influence of actinomycin D and cycloheximide and the effects of Org OD-02-0 (a specific membrane progesterone receptor (mPR) agonist) in the myometrium were investigated. Moreover, DNA microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to identify genes involved in progesterone-induced effects in the myometrium. KEY FINDINGS Progesterone did not cause rhythmic contractions in non-pregnant myometrium but induced rhythmic contractions in pregnant myometrium, with the effects peaking at 20 d + 8 h of pregnancy. However, myometrial contractions decreased after delivery and were restored to non-pregnant levels at 7 d postpartum. Additionally, progesterone stably inhibited high KCl-induced myometrial contractions during pregnancy. Moreover, the nongenomic effects of progesterone were unaffected by actinomycin D or cycloheximide, and Org OD-02-0 effectively mimicked these effects. DNA microarray analysis and qRT-PCR revealed a significant increase in mPRβ gene expression during pregnancy. However, mPRα, mPRγ, mPRδ, and mPRε expression levels remained unchanged. SIGNIFICANCE The stimulatory nongenomic effect of progesterone, which was inducible and mPRβ-dependent during pregnancy, may be involved in parturition. The inhibitory effect, which was constitutive and depended on other mPRs, may be involved in pregnancy maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Yasuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Okada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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2
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Pham PD, Lu H, Han H, Zhou JJ, Madan A, Wang W, Murre C, Cho KWY. Transcriptional network governing extraembryonic endoderm cell fate choice. Dev Biol 2023; 502:20-37. [PMID: 37423592 PMCID: PMC10550205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which transcription factor (TF) network instructs cell-type-specific transcriptional programs to drive primitive endoderm (PrE) progenitors to commit to parietal endoderm (PE) versus visceral endoderm (VE) cell fates remains poorly understood. To address the question, we analyzed the single-cell transcriptional signatures defining PrE, PE, and VE cell states during the onset of the PE-VE lineage bifurcation. By coupling with the epigenomic comparison of active enhancers unique to PE and VE cells, we identified GATA6, SOX17, and FOXA2 as central regulators for the lineage divergence. Transcriptomic analysis of cXEN cells, an in vitro model for PE cells, after the acute depletion of GATA6 or SOX17 demonstrated that these factors induce Mycn, imparting the self-renewal properties of PE cells. Concurrently, they suppress the VE gene program, including key genes like Hnf4a and Ttr, among others. We proceeded with RNA-seq analysis on cXEN cells with FOXA2 knockout, in conjunction with GATA6 or SOX17 depletion. We found FOXA2 acts as a potent suppressor of Mycn while simultaneously activating the VE gene program. The antagonistic gene regulatory activities of GATA6/SOX17 and FOXA2 in promoting alternative cell fates, and their physical co-bindings at the enhancers provide molecular insights to the plasticity of the PrE lineage. Finally, we show that the external cue, BMP signaling, promotes the VE cell fate by activation of VE TFs and repression of PE TFs including GATA6 and SOX17. These data reveal a putative core gene regulatory module that underpins PE and VE cell fate choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Duyen Pham
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Hanbin Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92039, USA
| | - Han Han
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jeff Jiajing Zhou
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Aarushi Madan
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Cornelis Murre
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92039, USA
| | - Ken W Y Cho
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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3
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Bulletti FM, Sciorio R, Palagiano A, Bulletti C. The artificial uterus: on the way to ectogenesis. ZYGOTE 2023; 31:457-467. [PMID: 37357356 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199423000175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The inability to support the growth and development of a mature fetus up to delivery results in significant human suffering. Current available solutions include adoption, surrogacy, and uterus transplantation. However, these options are subject to several ethical, religious, economic, social, and medical concerns. Ectogenesis is the process in which an embryo develops in an artificial uterus from implantation through to the delivery of a live infant. This current narrative review summarizes the state of recent research focused on human ectogenesis. First, a literature search was performed to identify published reports of previous experiments and devices used for embryo implantation in an extracorporeally perfused human uterus. Furthermore, studies fitting that aim were selected and critically evaluated. Results were synthesized, interpreted, and used to design a prospective strategy for future research. Therefore, this study suggests that full ectogenesis might be obtained using a computer-controlled system with extracorporeal blood perfusion provided by a digitally controlled heart-lung-kidney system. From a clinical perspective, patients who will derive significant benefits from this technology are mainly those women diagnosed with anatomical abnormalities of the uterus and those who have undergone previous hysterectomies, numerous abortions, and experienced premature birth. Ectogenesis is the complete development of an embryo in an artificial uterus. It represents the solutions for millions of women suffering from premature deliveries, and the inability to supply growth and development of embryos/fetuses in the womb. In the future, ectogenesis might replace uterine transplantation and surrogacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Romualdo Sciorio
- Edinburgh Assisted Conception Programme, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH16 4SA, UK
| | - Antonio Palagiano
- Reproductive Science Pioneer, Assisted Fertilization Center (CFA), Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Bulletti
- Extra Omnes, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), Center in Cattolica, Italy, and Associate Adjunct Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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4
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Bondarenko V, Nikolaev M, Kromm D, Belousov R, Wolny A, Blotenburg M, Zeller P, Rezakhani S, Hugger J, Uhlmann V, Hufnagel L, Kreshuk A, Ellenberg J, van Oudenaarden A, Erzberger A, Lutolf MP, Hiiragi T. Embryo-uterine interaction coordinates mouse embryogenesis during implantation. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113280. [PMID: 37522872 PMCID: PMC10476174 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022113280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation into the uterus marks a key transition in mammalian development. In mice, implantation is mediated by the trophoblast and is accompanied by a morphological transition from the blastocyst to the egg cylinder. However, the roles of trophoblast-uterine interactions in embryo morphogenesis during implantation are poorly understood due to inaccessibility in utero and the remaining challenges to recapitulate it ex vivo from the blastocyst. Here, we engineer a uterus-like microenvironment to recapitulate peri-implantation development of the whole mouse embryo ex vivo and reveal essential roles of the physical embryo-uterine interaction. We demonstrate that adhesion between the trophoblast and the uterine matrix is required for in utero-like transition of the blastocyst to the egg cylinder. Modeling the implanting embryo as a wetting droplet links embryo shape dynamics to the underlying changes in trophoblast adhesion and suggests that the adhesion-mediated tension release facilitates egg cylinder formation. Light-sheet live imaging and the experimental control of the engineered uterine geometry and trophoblast velocity uncovers the coordination between trophoblast motility and embryo growth, where the trophoblast delineates space for embryo morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladyslav Bondarenko
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryDevelopmental Biology UnitHeidelbergGermany
- Faculty of BiosciencesUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
- Present address:
Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Mikhail Nikolaev
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Present address:
Institute of Human Biology (IHB)Roche Pharma Research and Early DevelopmentBaselSwitzerland
| | - Dimitri Kromm
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
- Present address:
Delft Center for Systems and ControlDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Roman Belousov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
| | - Adrian Wolny
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
| | | | | | - Saba Rezakhani
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Present address:
Novartis Institutes for BioMedical ResearchNovartis Pharma AGBaselSwitzerland
| | - Johannes Hugger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
- EMBL‐EBI, Wellcome Genome CampusHinxtonUK
| | | | - Lars Hufnagel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
- Present address:
Veraxa BiotechHeidelbergGermany
| | - Anna Kreshuk
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
| | - Jan Ellenberg
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Anna Erzberger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics UnitHeidelbergGermany
- Department of Physics and AstronomyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthias P Lutolf
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Present address:
Institute of Human Biology (IHB)Roche Pharma Research and Early DevelopmentBaselSwitzerland
| | - Takashi Hiiragi
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryDevelopmental Biology UnitHeidelbergGermany
- Hubrecht InstituteUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI‐ASHBi)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of Developmental BiologyGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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5
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Ozguldez HO, Govindasamy N, Fan R, Long H, Mildner K, Zeuschner D, Trappmann B, Ranga A, Bedzhov I. Polarity inversion reorganizes the stem cell compartment of the trophoblast lineage. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112313. [PMID: 36989113 PMCID: PMC10157138 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The extra-embryonic tissues that form the placenta originate from a small population of trophectoderm cells with stem cell properties, positioned at the embryonic pole of the mouse blastocyst. During the implantation stages, the polar trophectoderm rapidly proliferates and transforms into extra-embryonic ectoderm. The current model of trophoblast morphogenesis suggests that tissue folding reshapes the trophoblast during the blastocyst to egg cylinder transition. Instead of through folding, here we found that the tissue scale architecture of the stem cell compartment of the trophoblast lineage is reorganized via inversion of the epithelial polarity axis. Our findings show the developmental significance of polarity inversion and provide a framework for the morphogenetic transitions in the peri-implantation trophoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice O Ozguldez
- Embryonic Self-Organization Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Niraimathi Govindasamy
- Embryonic Self-Organization Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rui Fan
- Embryonic Self-Organization Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hongyan Long
- Bioactive Materials Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karina Mildner
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dagmar Zeuschner
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Britta Trappmann
- Bioactive Materials Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Adrian Ranga
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Morphogenesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivan Bedzhov
- Embryonic Self-Organization Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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6
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Matsuo I, Kimura-Yoshida C, Ueda Y. Developmental and mechanical roles of Reichert's membrane in mouse embryos. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210257. [PMID: 36252218 PMCID: PMC9574627 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic development and growth in placental mammals proceeds in utero with the support of exchanges of gases, nutrients and waste products between maternal tissues and offspring. Murine embryos are surrounded by several extraembryonic membranes, parietal and visceral yolk sacs, and amnion in the uterus. Notably, the parietal yolk sac is the most outer membrane, consists of three layers, trophoblasts and parietal endoderm (PaE) cells, and is separated by a thick basal lamina termed Reichert's membrane (RM). RM is composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) initially formed as the basement membrane of the trophectoderm of pre-implanted embryos and followed by the heavy deposition of ECM mainly produced in PaE cells of post-implanted embryos. In addition to the physiological roles of RM, such as gas and nutrient exchange, it also plays a crucial role in cushioning and dispersing intrauterine pressures exerted on embryos for normal egg-cylinder morphogenesis. Mechanistically, such intrauterine pressures generated by uterine smooth muscle contractions appear to be involved in the elongation of the egg-cylinder shape, along with primary axis formation, as an important biomechanical element in utero. This review focuses on our current views of the roles of RM in properly buffering intrauterine mechanical forces for mouse egg-cylinder morphogenesis. This article is part of the theme issue 'Extraembryonic tissues: exploring concepts, definitions and functions across the animal kingdom'.
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Grants
- Takeda Science Foundation
- a grant-in-aid for challenging Research(Exploratory)from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan
- from the Ministry a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research (C) of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan
- a grant-in-aid for Transformative Research Areas (A)from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Matsuo
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, 840, Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Chiharu Kimura-Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, 840, Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Yoko Ueda
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, 840, Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
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7
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Choudhury MI, Benson MA, Sun SX. Trans-epithelial fluid flow and mechanics of epithelial morphogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 131:146-159. [PMID: 35659163 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Active fluid transport across epithelial monolayers is emerging as a major driving force of tissue morphogenesis in a variety of healthy and diseased systems, as well as during embryonic development. Cells use directional transport of ions and osmotic gradients to drive fluid flow across the cell surface, in the process also building up fluid pressure. The basic physics of this process is described by the osmotic engine model, which also underlies actin-independent cell migration. Recently, the trans-epithelial fluid flux and the hydraulic pressure gradient have been explicitly measured for a variety of cellular and tissue model systems across various species. For the kidney, it was shown that tubular epithelial cells behave as active mechanical fluid pumps: the trans-epithelial fluid flux depends on the hydraulic pressure difference across the epithelial layer. When a stall pressure is reached, the fluid flux vanishes. Hydraulic forces generated from active fluid pumping are important in tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, and could also underlie multiple morphogenic events seen in other developmental contexts. In this review, we highlight findings that examined the role of trans-epithelial fluid flux and hydraulic pressure gradient in driving tissue-scale morphogenesis. We also review organ pathophysiology due to impaired fluid pumping and the loss of hydraulic pressure sensing at the cellular scale. Finally, we draw an analogy between cellular fluidic pumps and a connected network of water pumps in a city. The dynamics of fluid transport in an active and adaptive network is determined globally at the systemic level, and transport in such a network is best when each pump is operating at its optimal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ikbal Choudhury
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Institute of NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States
| | - Morgan A Benson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Institute of NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Sean X Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Institute of NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States.
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8
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Amin ND, Pașca SP. Mouse embryo models built from stem cells take shape in a dish. Nature 2022; 610:39-40. [PMID: 36192499 PMCID: PMC10495118 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-03075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two groups have grown self-organizing models of mouse embryos from stem cells in vitro . The models mimic mid-gestation embryos, providing an unparalleled opportunity to study early embryonic development.
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9
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Madhavan MK, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP, Joshi NR, Fazleabas AT, Arora R. Aberrant uterine folding in mice disrupts implantation chamber formation and alignment of embryo-uterine axes. Development 2022; 149:275675. [PMID: 35575097 PMCID: PMC9245188 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The uterine luminal epithelium folds characteristically in mammals, including humans, horses and rodents. Improper uterine folding in horses results in pregnancy failure, but the precise function of folds remains unknown. Here, we uncover dynamic changes in the 3D uterine folding pattern during early pregnancy with the entire lumen forming pre-implantation transverse folds along the mesometrial-antimesometrial axis. Using a time course, we show that transverse folds are formed before embryo spacing, whereas implantation chambers form as the embryo begins attachment. Thus, folds and chambers are two distinct structures. Transverse folds resolve to form a flat implantation region, after which an embryo arrives at its center to attach and form the post-implantation chamber. Our data also suggest that the implantation chamber facilitates embryo rotation and its alignment along the uterine mesometrial-antimesometrial axis. Using WNT5A- and RBPJ-deficient mice that display aberrant folds, we show that embryos trapped in longitudinal folds display misalignment of the embryo-uterine axes, abnormal chamber formation and defective post-implantation morphogenesis. These mouse models with disrupted uterine folding provide an opportunity to understand uterine structure-based mechanisms that are crucial for implantation and pregnancy success.
This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K. Madhavan
- Michigan State University 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering , , East Lansing, MI 48824 , USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering 2 , , East Lansing, MI 48824 , USA
- Michigan State University 2 , , East Lansing, MI 48824 , USA
| | - Francesco J. DeMayo
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 3 Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory , , Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 , USA
| | - John P. Lydon
- Baylor College of Medicine 4 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology , , Houston, TX 77030 , USA
| | - Niraj R. Joshi
- Michigan State University 5 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , , Grand Rapids, MI 49503 , USA
| | - Asgerally T. Fazleabas
- Michigan State University 5 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , , Grand Rapids, MI 49503 , USA
| | - Ripla Arora
- Michigan State University 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering , , East Lansing, MI 48824 , USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering 2 , , East Lansing, MI 48824 , USA
- Michigan State University 2 , , East Lansing, MI 48824 , USA
- Michigan State University 5 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , , Grand Rapids, MI 49503 , USA
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10
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Luijkx D, Shankar V, van Blitterswijk C, Giselbrecht S, Vrij E. From Mice to Men: Generation of Human Blastocyst-Like Structures In Vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:838356. [PMID: 35359453 PMCID: PMC8963787 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.838356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in the field of stem cell-based models have in recent years lead to the development of blastocyst-like structures termed blastoids. Blastoids can be used to study key events in mammalian pre-implantation development, as they mimic the blastocyst morphologically and transcriptionally, can progress to the post-implantation stage and can be generated in large numbers. Blastoids were originally developed using mouse pluripotent stem cells, and since several groups have successfully generated blastocyst models of the human system. Here we provide a comparison of the mouse and human protocols with the aim of deriving the core requirements for blastoid formation, discuss the models’ current ability to mimic blastocysts and give an outlook on potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Erik Vrij
- *Correspondence: Erik Vrij, ; Stefan Giselbrecht,
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11
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Filimonow K, de la Fuente R. Specification and role of extraembryonic endoderm lineages in the periimplantation mouse embryo. Theriogenology 2021; 180:189-206. [PMID: 34998083 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During mammalian embryo development, the correct formation of the first extraembryonic endoderm lineages is fundamental for successful development. In the periimplantation blastocyst, the primitive endoderm (PrE) is formed, which gives rise to the parietal endoderm (PE) and visceral endoderm (VE) during further developmental stages. These PrE-derived lineages show significant differences in both their formation and roles. Whereas differentiation of the PE as a migratory lineage has been suggested to represent the first epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in development, organisation of the epithelial VE is of utmost importance for the correct axis definition and patterning of the embryo. Despite sharing a common origin, the striking differences between the VE and PE are indicative of their distinct roles in early development. However, there is a significant disparity in the current knowledge of each lineage, which reflects the need for a deeper understanding of their respective specification processes. In this review, we will discuss the origin and maturation of the PrE, PE, and VE during the periimplantation period using the mouse model as an example. Additionally, we consider the latest findings regarding the role of the PrE-derived lineages and early embryo morphogenesis, as obtained from the most recent in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Filimonow
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland.
| | - Roberto de la Fuente
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland.
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12
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Qu M, Lu P, Bellve K, Lifshitz LM, ZhuGe R. Mode Switch of Ca 2 + Oscillation-Mediated Uterine Peristalsis and Associated Embryo Implantation Impairments in Mouse Adenomyosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:744745. [PMID: 34803733 PMCID: PMC8599363 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.744745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenomyosis is a debilitating gynecological disease of the uterus with no medicinal cure. The tissue injury and repair hypothesis for adenomyosis suggests that uterine hyperperistalsis or dysperistalsis plays a pivotal role in establishing adenomyotic lesions. However, specific impairments in uterine peristalsis and the underlying cellular signals for these changes in adenomyosis remain elusive. Here, we report a precision-cut uterine slice preparation that preserves in vivo uterine architecture and generates peristalsis similar to that seen in the whole uterus. We found that uterine peristalsis in neonatal mice at day 14 and adult mice at day 55 presents as bursts with multiple peaks induced by intracellular Ca2+ oscillations. Using a mouse model of adenomyosis induced by tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, we discovered that uterine peristalsis and Ca2+ oscillations from adenomyotic uteri on days 14 and 55 become spikes (single peaks) with smaller amplitudes. The peak frequency of Ca2+ oscillations or peristalsis does not show a difference between control and adenomyotic mice. However, both the estimated force generated by uterine peristalsis and the total Ca2+ raised by Ca2+ oscillations are smaller in uteri from adenomyotic mice. Uteri from adenomyotic mice on day 14, but not on day 55, exhibit hyperresponsiveness to oxytocin. Embryo implantations are decreased in adenomyotic adult mice. Our results reveal a mode switch from bursts to spikes (rather than an increased peak frequency) of uterine Ca2+ oscillations and peristalsis and concurrent hyperresponsiveness to oxytocin in the neonatal stage are two characteristics of adenomyosis. These characteristics may contribute to embryo implantation impairments and decreased fertility in adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzi Qu
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Karl Bellve
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Lawrence M Lifshitz
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Ronghua ZhuGe
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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Matsuzaki S. Mechanobiology of the female reproductive system. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 20:371-401. [PMID: 34646066 PMCID: PMC8499606 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanobiology in the field of human female reproduction has been extremely challenging technically and ethically. METHODS The present review provides the current knowledge on mechanobiology of the female reproductive system. This review focuses on the early phases of reproduction from oocyte development to early embryonic development, with an emphasis on current progress. MAIN FINDINGS RESULTS Optimal, well-controlled mechanical cues are required for female reproductive system physiology. Many important questions remain unanswered; whether and how mechanical imbalances among the embryo, decidua, and uterine muscle contractions affect early human embryonic development, whether the biomechanical properties of oocytes/embryos are potential biomarkers for selecting high-quality oocytes/embryos, whether mechanical properties differ between the two major compartments of the ovary (cortex and medulla) in normally ovulating human ovaries, whether durotaxis is involved in several processes in addition to embryonic development. Progress in mechanobiology is dependent on development of technologies that enable precise physical measurements. CONCLUSION More studies are needed to understand the roles of forces and changes in the mechanical properties of female reproductive system physiology. Recent and future technological advancements in mechanobiology research will help us understand the role of mechanical forces in female reproductive system disorders/diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Matsuzaki
- CHU Clermont‐FerrandChirurgie GynécologiqueClermont‐FerrandFrance
- Université Clermont AuvergneInstitut Pascal, UMR6602, CNRS/UCA/SIGMAClermont‐FerrandFrance
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14
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Ex utero mouse embryogenesis from pre-gastrulation to late organogenesis. Nature 2021; 593:119-124. [PMID: 33731940 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian body plan is established shortly after the embryo implants into the maternal uterus, and our understanding of post-implantation developmental processes remains limited. Although pre- and peri-implantation mouse embryos are routinely cultured in vitro1,2, approaches for the robust culture of post-implantation embryos from egg cylinder stages until advanced organogenesis remain to be established. Here we present highly effective platforms for the ex utero culture of post-implantation mouse embryos, which enable the appropriate development of embryos from before gastrulation (embryonic day (E) 5.5) until the hindlimb formation stage (E11). Late gastrulating embryos (E7.5) are grown in three-dimensional rotating bottles, whereas extended culture from pre-gastrulation stages (E5.5 or E6.5) requires a combination of static and rotating bottle culture platforms. Histological, molecular and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses confirm that the ex utero cultured embryos recapitulate in utero development precisely. This culture system is amenable to the introduction of a variety of embryonic perturbations and micro-manipulations, the results of which can be followed ex utero for up to six days. The establishment of a system for robustly growing normal mouse embryos ex utero from pre-gastrulation to advanced organogenesis represents a valuable tool for investigating embryogenesis, as it eliminates the uterine barrier and allows researchers to mechanistically interrogate post-implantation morphogenesis and artificial embryogenesis in mammals.
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Yasuda K, Yoshida A, Okada H. Conflicting Nongenomic Effects of Progesterone in the Myometrium of Pregnant Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2154. [PMID: 33671517 PMCID: PMC7926872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been suggested that progesterone affects the contractile activity of pregnant myometrium via nongenomic pathways; therefore, we aimed to clarify whether progesterone causes and/or inhibits pregnant myometrial contractions via nongenomic pathways. Our in vitro experiments using myometrial strips obtained from rats at 20 days of gestation revealed that progesterone caused myometrial contractions in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at concentrations up to 5 × 10-7 M; however, this effect decreased at concentrations higher than 5 × 10-5 M. Similarly, progesterone enhanced oxytocin-induced contractions up to 5 × 10-7 M and inhibited contractions at concentrations higher than 5 × 10-5 M. Conversely, progesterone did not enhance high-KCl-induced contractions but inhibited contractions in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at concentrations higher than 5 × 10-7 M. We also found that RU486 did not affect progesterone-induced contractions or the progesterone-induced inhibition of high-KCl-induced contractions; however, progesterone-induced contractions were blocked by calcium-free phosphate saline solution, verapamil, and nifedipine. In addition, FPL64176, an activator of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, enhanced high-KCl-induced contractions and rescued the decrease in high-KCl-induced contractions caused by progesterone. Together, these results suggest that progesterone exerts conflicting nongenomic effects on the contractions of pregnant myometrium via putative L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Yasuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan; (A.Y.); (H.O.)
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16
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Goodwin K, Nelson CM. Mechanics of Development. Dev Cell 2020; 56:240-250. [PMID: 33321105 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are integral to development-from the earliest stages of embryogenesis to the construction and differentiation of complex organs. Advances in imaging and biophysical tools have allowed us to delve into the developmental mechanobiology of increasingly complex organs and organisms. Here, we focus on recent work that highlights the diversity and importance of mechanical influences during morphogenesis. Developing tissues experience intrinsic mechanical signals from active forces and changes to tissue mechanical properties as well as extrinsic mechanical signals, including constraint and compression, pressure, and shear forces. Finally, we suggest promising avenues for future work in this rapidly expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Goodwin
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Celeste M Nelson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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