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Kato A, Pipil S, Ota C, Kusakabe M, Watanabe T, Nagashima A, Chen AP, Islam Z, Hayashi N, Wong MKS, Komada M, Romero MF, Takei Y. Convergent gene losses and pseudogenizations in multiple lineages of stomachless fishes. Commun Biol 2024; 7:408. [PMID: 38570609 PMCID: PMC10991444 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The regressive evolution of independent lineages often results in convergent phenotypes. Several teleost groups display secondary loss of the stomach, and four gastric genes, atp4a, atp4b, pgc, and pga2 have been co-deleted in agastric (stomachless) fish. Analyses of genotypic convergence among agastric fishes showed that four genes, slc26a9, kcne2, cldn18a, and vsig1, were co-deleted or pseudogenized in most agastric fishes of the four major groups. kcne2 and vsig1 were also deleted or pseudogenized in the agastric monotreme echidna and platypus, respectively. In the stomachs of sticklebacks, these genes are expressed in gastric gland cells or surface epithelial cells. An ohnolog of cldn18 was retained in some agastric teleosts but exhibited an increased non-synonymous substitution when compared with gastric species. These results revealed novel convergent gene losses at multiple loci among the four major groups of agastric fish, as well as a single gene loss in the echidna and platypus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Supriya Pipil
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ota
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Kusakabe
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Taro Watanabe
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nagashima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - An-Ping Chen
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zinia Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoko Hayashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Marty Kwok-Shing Wong
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michael F Romero
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Nephrology & Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yoshio Takei
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
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Mei Y, Liang D, Ai B, Wang T, Guo S, Jin G, Yu D. Genome-wide identification of A-to-I RNA editing events provides the functional implications in PDAC. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1092046. [PMID: 36895481 PMCID: PMC9990869 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1092046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction RNA editing, a wide-acknowledged post-transcriptional mechanism, has been reported to be involved in the occurrence and development of cancer, especially the abnormal alteration of adenosine to inosine. However, fewer studies focus on pancreaticcancer. Therefore, we aimed to explore the possible linkages between altered RNA editing events and the development of PDAC. Method We characterized the global A-to-I RNA editing spectrum from RNA and matched whole-genome sequencing data of 41 primary PDAC and adjacent normal tissues. The following analyses were performed: different editing level and RNA expression analysis,pathway analysis, motif analysis, RNA secondary structure analysis, alternative splicing events analysis, and survival analysis.The RNA editing of single-cell RNA public sequencing data was also characterized. Result A large number of adaptive RNA editing events with significant differences in editing levels were identified, which are mainly regulated by ADAR1. Moreover, RNA editing in tumors has a higher editing level and more abundant editing sites in general. 140genes were screened out since they were identified with significantly different RNA editing events and were significantly different in expression level between tumor and matched normal samples. Further analysis showed a preference that in the tumor-specific group, they are mainly enriched in cancer-related signal pathways, while in the normal tissue-specific group, they are mainly enriched in pancreatic secretion. At the same time, we also found positively selected differentially edited sites in a series of cancer immune genes, including EGF, IGF1R, and PIK3CD. RNA editing might participate in pathogenisis of PDAC through regulating the alternative splicing and RNA secondary structure of important genesto further regulate gene expression and protein synthesis, including RAB27B and CERS4. Furthermore, single cell sequencing results showed that type2 ductal cells contributed the most to RNA editing events in tumors. Conclusion RNA editing is an epigenetic mechanism involved in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer, which has the potential to diagnose of PDAC and is closely related to the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Mei
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Ai
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Tengjiao Wang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Yu
- Department of Precision Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Shanghai, China
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3
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Zhou X, Khan S, Huang D, Li L. V-Set and immunoglobulin domain containing (VSIG) proteins as emerging immune checkpoint targets for cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938470. [PMID: 36189222 PMCID: PMC9520664 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors is becoming a promising approach to fight cancers. Antibodies targeting immune checkpoint proteins such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 can reinvigorate endogenous antitumor T-cell responses and bring durable advantages to several malignancies. However, only a small subset of patients benefit from these checkpoint inhibitors. Identification of new immune checkpoints with the aim of combination blockade of multiple immune inhibitory pathways is becoming necessary to improve efficiency. Recently, several B7 family-related proteins, TIGIT, VSIG4, and VSIG3, which belong to the VSIG family, have attracted substantial attention as coinhibitory receptors during T-cell activation. By interacting with their corresponding ligands, these VSIG proteins inhibit T-cell responses and maintain an immune suppressive microenvironment in tumors. These results indicated that VSIG family members are becoming putative immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarized the function of each VSIG protein in regulating immune responses and in tumor progression, thus providing an overview of our current understanding of VSIG family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sohail Khan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dabing Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Dabing Huang, ; Lu Li,
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Dabing Huang, ; Lu Li,
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Liberti DC, Liberti Iii WA, Kremp MM, Penkala IJ, Cardenas-Diaz FL, Morley MP, Babu A, Zhou S, Fernandez Iii RJ, Morrisey EE. Klf5 defines alveolar epithelial type 1 cell lineage commitment during lung development and regeneration. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1742-1757.e5. [PMID: 35803279 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial cell fate decisions drive lung development and regeneration. Using transcriptomic and epigenetic profiling coupled with genetic mouse and organoid models, we identified the transcription factor Klf5 as an essential determinant of alveolar epithelial cell fate across the lifespan. We show that although dispensable for both adult alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) and alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cell homeostasis, Klf5 enforces AT1 cell lineage fidelity during development. Using infectious and non-infectious models of acute respiratory distress syndrome, we demonstrate that Klf5 represses AT2 cell proliferation and enhances AT2-AT1 cell differentiation in a spatially restricted manner during lung regeneration. Moreover, ex vivo organoid assays identify that Klf5 reduces AT2 cell sensitivity to inflammatory signaling to drive AT2-AT1 cell differentiation. These data define the roll of a major transcriptional regulator of AT1 cell lineage commitment and of the AT2 cell response to inflammatory crosstalk during lung regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C Liberti
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William A Liberti Iii
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Madison M Kremp
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ian J Penkala
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fabian L Cardenas-Diaz
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rafael J Fernandez Iii
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Smart E, Semina SE, Alejo LH, Kansara NS, Frasor J. Estrogen Receptor-Regulated Gene Signatures in Invasive Breast Cancer Cells and Aggressive Breast Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122848. [PMID: 35740514 PMCID: PMC9221274 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastatic breast cancer remains a major clinical problem, contributing to significant patient mortality, which is partly due to a lack of understanding around the early changes within the primary tumor. Tumors frequently become more aggressive and less treatable due to the activation of other signaling pathways, and, in ER+ disease, one of these pathways is NFκB. The coactivation of ER and NFκB (via IKKβ) promotes invasion and metastasis, and, here, we identify the signatures that are associated with these phenotypes. These signatures improve our understanding of how ER can drive aggressive disease, and may lead to the identification of key drivers, which could potentially be targeted with future therapies. Abstract Most metastatic breast cancers arise from estrogen receptor α (ER)-positive disease, and yet the role of ER in promoting metastasis is unclear. Here, we used an ER+ breast cancer cell line that is highly invasive in an ER- and IKKβ-dependent manner. We defined two ER-regulated gene signatures that are specifically regulated in the subpopulations of invasive cells. The first consists of proliferation-associated genes, which is a known function of ER, which actually suppress rather than enhance invasion. The second signature consists of genes involved in essential biological processes, such as organelle assembly and vesicle trafficking. Importantly, the second subpopulation-specific signature is associated with aggressive disease and poor patient outcome, independently of proliferation. These findings indicate a complex interplay between ER-driven proliferation and invasion, and they define new ER-regulated gene signatures that are predictive of aggressive ER+ breast cancer.
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Heinz MC, Peters NA, Oost KC, Lindeboom RG, van Voorthuijsen L, Fumagalli A, van der Net MC, de Medeiros G, Hageman JH, Verlaan-Klink I, Borel Rinkes IH, Liberali P, Gloerich M, van Rheenen J, Vermeulen M, Kranenburg O, Snippert HJ. Liver Colonization by Colorectal Cancer Metastases Requires YAP-Controlled Plasticity at the Micrometastatic Stage. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1953-1968. [PMID: 35570706 PMCID: PMC9381095 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Micrometastases of colorectal cancer can remain dormant for years prior to the formation of actively growing, clinically detectable lesions (i.e., colonization). A better understanding of this step in the metastatic cascade could help improve metastasis prevention and treatment. Here we analyzed liver specimens of patients with colorectal cancer and monitored real-time metastasis formation in mouse livers using intravital microscopy to reveal that micrometastatic lesions are devoid of cancer stem cells (CSC). However, lesions that grow into overt metastases demonstrated appearance of de novo CSCs through cellular plasticity at a multicellular stage. Clonal outgrowth of patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids phenocopied the cellular and transcriptomic changes observed during in vivo metastasis formation. First, formation of mature CSCs occurred at a multicellular stage and promoted growth. Conversely, failure of immature CSCs to generate more differentiated cells arrested growth, implying that cellular heterogeneity is required for continuous growth. Second, early-stage YAP activity was required for the survival of organoid-forming cells. However, subsequent attenuation of early-stage YAP activity was essential to allow for the formation of cell type heterogeneity, while persistent YAP signaling locked micro-organoids in a cellularly homogenous and growth-stalled state. Analysis of metastasis formation in mouse livers using single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed the transient presence of early-stage YAP activity, followed by emergence of CSC and non-CSC phenotypes, irrespective of the initial phenotype of the metastatic cell of origin. Thus, establishment of cellular heterogeneity after an initial YAP-controlled outgrowth phase marks the transition to continuously growing macrometastases. SIGNIFICANCE Characterization of the cell type dynamics, composition, and transcriptome of early colorectal cancer liver metastases reveals that failure to establish cellular heterogeneity through YAP-controlled epithelial self-organization prohibits the outgrowth of micrometastases. See related commentary by LeBleu, p. 1870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Heinz
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Niek A. Peters
- Division of Imaging and Cancer, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Koen C. Oost
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Rik G.H. Lindeboom
- Oncode Institute, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa van Voorthuijsen
- Oncode Institute, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arianna Fumagalli
- Oncode Institute, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam C. van der Net
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gustavo de Medeiros
- Quantitative Biology, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joris H. Hageman
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Verlaan-Klink
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, the Netherlands
| | | | - Prisca Liberali
- Quantitative Biology, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martijn Gloerich
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Oncode Institute, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Oncode Institute, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Onno Kranenburg
- Division of Imaging and Cancer, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Corresponding Authors: Onno Kranenburg, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands. Phone: 318-8755-9632; E-mail: ; and Hugo J.G. Snippert, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands. Phone: 318-8756-8959; E-mail:
| | - Hugo J.G. Snippert
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, the Netherlands.,Corresponding Authors: Onno Kranenburg, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands. Phone: 318-8755-9632; E-mail: ; and Hugo J.G. Snippert, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands. Phone: 318-8756-8959; E-mail:
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Conod A, Silvano M, Ruiz I Altaba A. On the origin of metastases: Induction of pro-metastatic states after impending cell death via ER stress, reprogramming, and a cytokine storm. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110490. [PMID: 35263600 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
How metastatic cells arise is unclear. Here, we search for the induction of recently characterized pro-metastatic states as a surrogate for the origin of metastasis. Since cell-death-inducing therapies can paradoxically promote metastasis, we ask if such treatments induce pro-metastatic states in human colon cancer cells. We find that post-near-death cells acquire pro-metastatic states (PAMEs) and form distant metastases in vivo. These PAME ("let's go" in Greek) cells exhibit a multifactorial cytokine storm as well as signs of enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and nuclear reprogramming, requiring CXCL8, INSL4, IL32, PERK-CHOP, and NANOG. PAMEs induce neighboring tumor cells to become PAME-induced migratory cells (PIMs): highly migratory cells that re-enact the storm and enhance PAME migration. Metastases are thus proposed to originate from the induction of pro-metastatic states through intrinsic and extrinsic cues in a pro-metastatic tumoral ecosystem, driven by an impending cell-death experience involving ER stress modulation, metastatic reprogramming, and paracrine recruitment via a cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwen Conod
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Silvano
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ariel Ruiz I Altaba
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Gurzu S, Sugimura H, Szederjesi J, Szodorai R, Braicu C, Kobori L, Fodor D, Jung I. Interaction between cadherins, vimentin, and V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 1 in gastric-type hepatocellular carcinoma. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 156:377-390. [PMID: 34170400 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), the role of the cell surface protein V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 1 (VSIG1), which is known as a specific marker of the gastric mucosa and testis, has not yet been determined. We examined VSIG1 immunohistochemical (IHC) expression in 105 consecutive samples provided by HCC patients, along with the IHC expression of three of the biomarkers known to be involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT): vimentin (VIM), and E- and N-cadherin (encoded by CDH1 and CDH2 genes). IHC subcellular localization of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1), in which nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation is known to cause a lineage shift from lung to gastric-type adenocarcinoma, was also checked. The obtained data were validated using the miRNET program. In the examined HCC samples, VSIG1 expression was observed in the cytoplasm of normal hepatocytes and downregulated in 47 of the 105 HCCs (44.76%). In 29 cases (27.62%), VSIG1 was co-expressed with cytoplasmic TTF1. VSIG1 expression was positively correlated with both E-cadherin and N-cadherin and negatively correlated with VIM (p < 0.0001). The VSIG1+/E-cadherin+/N-cadherin-/VIM phenotype was seen in 13 cases (12.4%) and was characteristic of well-differentiated (G1/2) carcinomas diagnosed in pT1/2 stages. Like pulmonary carcinomas, simultaneous cytoplasmic positivity of HCC cells for VSIG1 and TTF1 may be a potential indicator of a lineage shift from conventional to gastric-type HCC. The E-cadherin/VSIG1 complex can help suppress tumor growth by limiting HCC dedifferentiation. The miRNET-based interaction between VSIG1/VIM/CDH1/CDH2 genes might be interconnected by miR-200b-3p, a central regulator of EMT which also targets VIM and VSIG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gurzu
- Department of Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 530149, Targu-Mures, Romania.
- Research Center for Oncopathology and Translational Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures, Romania.
| | - Haruhiko Sugimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
| | - Janos Szederjesi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures, Romania
| | - Rita Szodorai
- Department of Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 530149, Targu-Mures, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laszlo Kobori
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Decebal Fodor
- Department of Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 530149, Targu-Mures, Romania
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ioan Jung
- Department of Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 530149, Targu-Mures, Romania
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