1
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Torcellan T, Friedrich C, Doucet-Ladevèze R, Ossner T, Solé VV, Riedmann S, Ugur M, Imdahl F, Rosshart SP, Arnold SJ, Gomez de Agüero M, Gagliani N, Flavell RA, Backes S, Kastenmüller W, Gasteiger G. Circulating NK cells establish tissue residency upon acute infection of skin and mediate accelerated effector responses to secondary infection. Immunity 2024; 57:124-140.e7. [PMID: 38157853 PMCID: PMC10783803 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are present in the circulation and can also be found residing in tissues, and these populations exhibit distinct developmental requirements and are thought to differ in terms of ontogeny. Here, we investigate whether circulating conventional NK (cNK) cells can develop into long-lived tissue-resident NK (trNK) cells following acute infections. We found that viral and bacterial infections of the skin triggered the recruitment of cNK cells and their differentiation into Tcf1hiCD69hi trNK cells that share transcriptional similarity with CD56brightTCF1hi NK cells in human tissues. Skin trNK cells arose from interferon (IFN)-γ-producing effector cells and required restricted expression of the transcriptional regulator Blimp1 to optimize Tcf1-dependent trNK cell formation. Upon secondary infection, trNK cells rapidly gained effector function and mediated an accelerated NK cell response. Thus, cNK cells redistribute and permanently position at sites of previous infection via a mechanism promoting tissue residency that is distinct from Hobit-dependent developmental paths of NK cells and ILC1 seeding tissues during ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Torcellan
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christin Friedrich
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rémi Doucet-Ladevèze
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ossner
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Immunobiology, Epigenetics, and Metabolism (IMPRS-IEM), 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Virgínia Visaconill Solé
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sofie Riedmann
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Milas Ugur
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Imdahl
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan P Rosshart
- Department of Microbiome Research, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Arnold
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Gomez de Agüero
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Simone Backes
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Gasteiger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Qin XY, Ha SY, Chen L, Zhang T, Li MQ. Recent Advances in Folates and Autoantibodies against Folate Receptors in Early Pregnancy and Miscarriage. Nutrients 2023; 15:4882. [PMID: 38068740 PMCID: PMC10708193 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Though firstly identified in cerebral folate deficiency, autoantibodies against folate receptors (FRAbs) have been implicated in pregnancy complications such as miscarriage; however, the underlying mechanism needs to be further elaborated. FRAbs can be produced via sensitization mediated by folate-binding protein as well as gene mutation, aberrant modulation, or degradation of folate receptors (FRs). FRAbs may interfere with folate internalization and metabolism through blocking or binding with FRs. Interestingly, different types of FRs are expressed on trophoblast cells, decidual epithelium or stroma, and macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface, implying FRAbs may be involved in the critical events necessary for a successful pregnancy. Thus, we propose that FRAbs may disturb pregnancy establishment and maintenance by modulating trophoblastic biofunctions, placental development, decidualization, and decidua homeostasis as well as the functions of FOLR2+ macrophages. In light of these findings, FRAbs may be a critical factor in pathological pregnancy, and deserve careful consideration in therapies involving folic acid supplementation for pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yun Qin
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (X.-Y.Q.); (S.-Y.H.)
| | - Si-Yao Ha
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (X.-Y.Q.); (S.-Y.H.)
| | - Lu Chen
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Tao Zhang
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (X.-Y.Q.); (S.-Y.H.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China
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3
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Zaini A, Dalit L, Sheikh AA, Zhang Y, Thiele D, Runting J, Rodrigues G, Ng J, Bramhall M, Scheer S, Hailes L, Groom JR, Good-Jacobson KL, Zaph C. Heterogeneous Tfh cell populations that develop during enteric helminth infection predict the quality of type 2 protective response. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:642-657. [PMID: 37392971 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are an important component of germinal center (GC)-mediated humoral immunity. Yet, how a chronic type 1 versus protective type 2 helminth infection modulates Tfh-GC responses remains poorly understood. Here, we employ the helminth Trichuris muris model and demonstrate that Tfh cell phenotypes and GC are differentially regulated in acute versus chronic infection. The latter failed to induce Tfh-GC B cell responses, with Tfh cells expressing Τ-bet and interferon-γ. In contrast, interleukin-4-producing Tfh cells dominate responses to an acute, resolving infection. Heightened expression and increased chromatin accessibility of T helper (Th)1- and Th2 cell-associated genes are observed in chronic and acute induced Tfh cells, respectively. Blockade of the Th1 cell response by T-cell-intrinsic T-bet deletion promoted Tfh cell expansion during chronic infection, pointing to a correlation between a robust Tfh cell response and protective immunity to parasites. Finally, blockade of Tfh-GC interactions impaired type 2 immunity, revealing the critical protective role of GC-dependent Th2-like Tfh cell responses during acute infection. Collectively, these results provide new insights into the protective roles of Tfh-GC responses and identify distinct transcriptional and epigenetic features of Tfh cells that emerge during resolving or chronic T. muris infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidil Zaini
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lennard Dalit
- Division of Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Amania A Sheikh
- Division of Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yan Zhang
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia
| | - Daniel Thiele
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jessica Runting
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia
| | - Grace Rodrigues
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia
| | - Judy Ng
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia
| | - Michael Bramhall
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sebastian Scheer
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia
| | - Lauren Hailes
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia
| | - Joanna R Groom
- Division of Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kim L Good-Jacobson
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia.
| | - Colby Zaph
- Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton, Australia.
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4
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Melo GA, Xu T, Calôba C, Schutte A, Passos TO, Neto MAN, Brum G, Vieira BM, Higa L, Monteiro FLL, Berbet L, Gonçalves AN, Tanuri A, Viola JP, Werneck MBF, Nakaya HI, Pipkin ME, Martinez GJ, Pereira RM. Cutting Edge: Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 Subunit Cbx4 Positively Regulates Effector Responses in CD8 T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:721-726. [PMID: 37486206 PMCID: PMC10528949 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
CTL differentiation is controlled by the crosstalk of various transcription factors and epigenetic modulators. Uncovering this process is fundamental to improving immunotherapy and designing novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we show that polycomb repressive complex 1 subunit chromobox (Cbx)4 favors effector CTL differentiation in a murine model. Cbx4 deficiency in CTLs induced a transcriptional signature of memory cells and increased the memory CTL population during acute viral infection. It has previously been shown that besides binding to H3K27me3 through its chromodomain, Cbx4 functions as a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase in a SUMO-interacting motifs (SIM)-dependent way. Overexpression of Cbx4 mutants in distinct domains showed that this protein regulates CTL differentiation primarily in an SIM-dependent way and partially through its chromodomain. Our data suggest a novel role of a polycomb group protein Cbx4 controlling CTL differentiation and indicated SUMOylation as a key molecular mechanism connected to chromatin modification in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme A. Melo
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tianhao Xu
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection; Discipline of Microbiology and Immunology. Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Carolina Calôba
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexander Schutte
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection; Discipline of Microbiology and Immunology. Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Thaís O. Passos
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Moisés A. N. Neto
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Brum
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bárbara M. Vieira
- Programa de Imunologia e Biologia Tumoral, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiza Higa
- Departamento de Genética. Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio L. L. Monteiro
- Departamento de Genética. Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz Berbet
- Coordenação de Atividade com Modelos Biológicos Experimentais (CAMBE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - André N.A. Gonçalves
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Departamento de Genética. Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João P.B. Viola
- Programa de Imunologia e Biologia Tumoral, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Miriam B. F. Werneck
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helder I. Nakaya
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, 05652-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Matthew E. Pipkin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Gustavo J. Martinez
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection; Discipline of Microbiology and Immunology. Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Renata M. Pereira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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5
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Basta MD, Petruk S, Mazo A, Walker JL. Fibrosis-the tale of H3K27 histone methyltransferases and demethylases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1193344. [PMID: 37476157 PMCID: PMC10354294 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1193344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis, or excessive scarring, is characterized by the emergence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-expressing myofibroblasts and the excessive accumulation of fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM). Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment options for fibrosis, highlighting an unmet need to identify new therapeutic targets. The acquisition of a fibrotic phenotype is associated with changes in chromatin structure, a key determinant of gene transcription activation and repression. The major repressive histone mark, H3K27me3, has been linked to dynamic changes in gene expression in fibrosis through alterations in chromatin structure. H3K27-specific homologous histone methylase (HMT) enzymes, Enhancer of zeste 1 and 2 (EZH1, EZH2), which are the alternative subunits of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) and demethylase (KDM) enzymes, Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat, X chromosome (UTX), and Lysine demethylase 6B (KDM6B), are responsible for regulating methylation status of H3K27me3. In this review, we explore how these key enzymes regulate chromatin structure to alter gene expression in fibrosis, highlighting them as attractive targets for the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan D. Basta
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Svetlana Petruk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alexander Mazo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Janice L. Walker
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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6
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Baxter AE, Huang H, Giles JR, Chen Z, Wu JE, Drury S, Dalton K, Park SL, Torres L, Simone BW, Klapholz M, Ngiow SF, Freilich E, Manne S, Alcalde V, Ekshyyan V, Berger SL, Shi J, Jordan MS, Wherry EJ. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes BAF and PBAF differentially regulate epigenetic transitions in exhausted CD8 + T cells. Immunity 2023; 56:1320-1340.e10. [PMID: 37315535 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ T cell exhaustion (Tex) limits disease control during chronic viral infections and cancer. Here, we investigated the epigenetic factors mediating major chromatin-remodeling events in Tex-cell development. A protein-domain-focused in vivo CRISPR screen identified distinct functions for two versions of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex in Tex-cell differentiation. Depletion of the canonical SWI/SNF form, BAF, impaired initial CD8+ T cell responses in acute and chronic infection. In contrast, disruption of PBAF enhanced Tex-cell proliferation and survival. Mechanistically, PBAF regulated the epigenetic and transcriptional transition from TCF-1+ progenitor Tex cells to more differentiated TCF-1- Tex subsets. Whereas PBAF acted to preserve Tex progenitor biology, BAF was required to generate effector-like Tex cells, suggesting that the balance of these factors coordinates Tex-cell subset differentiation. Targeting PBAF improved tumor control both alone and in combination with anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. Thus, PBAF may present a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Baxter
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hua Huang
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer E Wu
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sydney Drury
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katherine Dalton
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Simone L Park
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Leonel Torres
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brandon W Simone
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Max Klapholz
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shin Foong Ngiow
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth Freilich
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Victor Alcalde
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Viktoriya Ekshyyan
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junwei Shi
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Martha S Jordan
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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7
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Ford BR, Poholek AC. Regulation and Immunotherapeutic Targeting of the Epigenome in Exhausted CD8 T Cell Responses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:869-879. [PMID: 36947818 PMCID: PMC10037537 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Exhaustion is a state of CD8 T cell differentiation that occurs in settings of chronic Ag such as tumors, chronic viral infection, and autoimmunity. Cellular differentiation is driven by a series of environmental signals that promote epigenetic landscapes that set transcriptomes needed for function. For CD8 T cells, the epigenome that underlies exhaustion is distinct from effector and memory cell differentiation, suggesting that signals early on set in motion a process where the epigenome is modified to promote a trajectory toward a dysfunctional state. Although we know many signals that promote exhaustion, putting this in the context of the epigenetic changes that occur during differentiation has been less clear. In this review, we aim to summarize the epigenetic changes associated with exhaustion in the context of signals that promote it, highlighting immunotherapeutic studies that support these observations or areas for future therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rhodes Ford
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Amanda C Poholek
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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8
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Soriano-Baguet L, Brenner D. Metabolism and epigenetics at the heart of T cell function. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:231-244. [PMID: 36774330 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
T cell subsets adapt and rewire their metabolism according to their functions and surrounding microenvironment. Whereas naive T cells rely on mitochondrial metabolic pathways characterized by low nutrient requirements, effector T cells induce kinetically faster pathways to generate the biomass and energy needed for proliferation and cytokine production. Recent findings support the concept that alterations in metabolism also affect the epigenetics of T cells. In this review we discuss the connections between T cell metabolism and epigenetic changes such as histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and DNA methylation, as well as the 'extra-metabolic' roles of metabolic enzymes and molecules. These findings collectively point to a new group of potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of T cell-dependent autoimmune diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Soriano-Baguet
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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9
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Russ BE, Tsyganov K, Quon S, Yu B, Li J, Lee JKC, Olshansky M, He Z, Harrison PF, Barugahare A, See M, Nussing S, Morey AE, Udupa VA, Bennett T.J, Kallies A, Murre C, Collas P, Powell D, Goldrath AW, Turner SJ. Active maintenance of CD8 + T cell naïvety through regulation of global genome architecture. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.26.530139. [PMID: 36909629 PMCID: PMC10002700 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.26.530139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of naïve CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) into effector and memory states results in large scale changes in transcriptional and phenotypic profiles. Little is known about how large-scale changes in genome organisation reflect or underpin these transcriptional programs. We utilised Hi-C to map changes in the spatial organisation of long-range genome contacts within naïve, effector and memory virus-specific CD8+ T cells. We observed that the architecture of the naive CD8+ T cell genome was distinct from effector and memory genome configurations with extensive changes within discrete functional chromatin domains. However, deletion of the BACH2 or SATB1 transcription factors was sufficient to remodel the naïve chromatin architecture and engage transcriptional programs characteristic of differentiated cells. This suggests that the chromatin architecture within naïve CD8+ T cells is preconfigured to undergo autonomous remodelling upon activation, with key transcription factors restraining differentiation by actively enforcing the unique naïve chromatin state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan E. Russ
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
| | - Kirril Tsyganov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
- Bioinformatics platform, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Sara Quon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Bingfei Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Jasmine Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Jason K. C. Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
| | - Moshe Olshansky
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
| | - Zhaohren He
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Paul F. Harrison
- Bioinformatics platform, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Adele Barugahare
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
- Bioinformatics platform, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Michael See
- Bioinformatics platform, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Alison E. Morey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
| | - Vibha A. Udupa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
| | - Taylah .J Bennett
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
| | - Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cornelis Murre
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Phillipe Collas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - David Powell
- Bioinformatics platform, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Ananda W. Goldrath
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Stephen J. Turner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University
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10
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Nüssing S, Miosge LA, Lee K, Olshansky M, Barugahare A, Roots CM, Sontani Y, Day EB, Koutsakos M, Kedzierska K, Goodnow CC, Russ BE, Daley SR, Turner SJ. SATB1 ensures appropriate transcriptional programs within naïve CD8
+
T cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:636-652. [PMID: 35713361 PMCID: PMC9542893 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Nüssing
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Lisa A Miosge
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Kah Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Moshe Olshansky
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | | | - Carla M Roots
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Yovina Sontani
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - E Bridie Day
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Marios Koutsakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Christopher C Goodnow
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & Cellular Genomics Futures Institute University of New South Wales Darlinghurst NSW Australia
| | - Brendan E Russ
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Stephen R Daley
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Stephen J Turner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
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11
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Ford BR, Vignali PDA, Rittenhouse NL, Scharping NE, Peralta R, Lontos K, Frisch AT, Delgoffe GM, Poholek AC. Tumor microenvironmental signals reshape chromatin landscapes to limit the functional potential of exhausted T cells. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabj9123. [PMID: 35930654 PMCID: PMC9851604 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj9123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Response rates to immunotherapy in solid tumors remain low due in part to the elevated prevalence of terminally exhausted T cells, a hypofunctional differentiation state induced through persistent antigen and stress signaling. However, the mechanisms promoting progression to terminal exhaustion in the tumor remain undefined. Using the low-input chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing method CUT&RUN, we profiled the histone modification landscape of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells throughout differentiation. We found that terminally exhausted T cells had unexpected chromatin features that limit their transcriptional potential. Terminally exhausted T cells had a substantial fraction of active chromatin, including active enhancers enriched for bZIP/AP-1 transcription factor motifs that lacked correlated gene expression, which was restored by immunotherapeutic costimulatory signaling. Reduced transcriptional potential was also driven by an increase in histone bivalency, which we linked directly to hypoxia exposure. Enforced expression of the hypoxia-insensitive histone demethylase Kdm6b was sufficient to overcome hypoxia, increase function, and promote antitumor immunity. Our study reveals the specific epigenetic changes mediated by histone modifications during T cell differentiation that support exhaustion in cancer, highlighting that their altered function is driven by improper costimulatory signals and environmental factors. These data suggest that even terminally exhausted T cells may remain competent for transcription in settings of increased costimulatory signaling and reduced hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Rhodes Ford
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Paolo D. A. Vignali
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Natalie L. Rittenhouse
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Nicole E. Scharping
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Ronal Peralta
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Konstantinos Lontos
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Department of Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Andrew T. Frisch
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Greg M. Delgoffe
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Corresponding author. (G.M.D.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Amanda C. Poholek
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Corresponding author. (G.M.D.); (A.C.P.)
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12
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Jin Y, Liu Z, Li Z, Li H, Zhu C, Li R, Zhou T, Fang B. Histone demethylase JMJD3 downregulation protects against aberrant force-induced osteoarthritis through epigenetic control of NR4A1. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:34. [PMID: 35831280 PMCID: PMC9279410 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease with no effective treatment strategies. Aberrant mechanical stimuli was demonstrated to be an essential factor for OA pathogenesis. Although multiple studies have detected potential regulatory mechanisms underlying OA and have concentrated on developing novel treatment strategies, the epigenetic control of OA remains unclear. Histone demethylase JMJD3 has been reported to mediate multiple physiological and pathological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, the regulation of JMJD3 in aberrant force-related OA and its mediatory effect on disease progression are still unknown. In this work, we confirmed the upregulation of JMJD3 in aberrant force-induced cartilage injury in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, inhibition of JMJD3 by its inhibitor, GSK-J4, or downregulation of JMJD3 by adenovirus infection of sh-JMJD3 could alleviate the aberrant force-induced chondrocyte injury. Mechanistic investigation illustrated that aberrant force induces JMJD3 expression and then demethylates H3K27me3 at the NR4A1 promoter to promote its expression. Further experiments indicated that NR4A1 can regulate chondrocyte apoptosis, cartilage degeneration, extracellular matrix degradation, and inflammatory responses. In vivo, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was performed to construct an OA model, and the therapeutic effect of GSK-J4 was validated. More importantly, we adopted a peptide-siRNA nanoplatform to deliver si-JMJD3 into articular cartilage, and the severity of joint degeneration was remarkably mitigated. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that JMJD3 is flow-responsive and epigenetically regulates OA progression. Our work provides evidences for JMJD3 inhibition as an innovative epigenetic therapy approach for joint diseases by utilizing p5RHH-siRNA nanocomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenxia Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hairui Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruomei Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Zhang H, Hu Y, Liu D, Liu Z, Xie N, Liu S, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Li C, Wang Q, Chen X, Ye D, Sun D, Zhai Y, Yan X, Liu Y, Chen CD, Huang X, Eugene Chin Y, Shi Y, Wu B, Zhang X. The histone demethylase Kdm6b regulates the maturation and cytotoxicity of TCRαβ+CD8αα+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1349-1363. [PMID: 34999729 PMCID: PMC9287323 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIntestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are distributed along the length of the intestine and are considered the frontline of immune surveillance. The precise molecular mechanisms, especially epigenetic regulation, of their development and function are poorly understood. The trimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 27 (H3K27Me3) is a kind of histone modifications and associated with gene repression. Kdm6b is an epigenetic enzyme responsible for the demethylation of H3K27Me3 and thus promotes gene expression. Here we identified Kdm6b as an important intracellular regulator of small intestinal IELs. Mice genetically deficient for Kdm6b showed greatly reduced numbers of TCRαβ+CD8αα+ IELs. In the absence of Kdm6b, TCRαβ+CD8αα+ IELs exhibited increased apoptosis, disturbed maturation and a compromised capability to lyse target cells. Both IL-15 and Kdm6b-mediated demethylation of histone 3 at lysine 27 are responsible for the maturation of TCRαβ+CD8αα+ IELs through upregulating the expression of Gzmb and Fasl. In addition, Kdm6b also regulates the expression of the gut-homing molecule CCR9 by controlling H3K27Me3 level at its promoter. However, Kdm6b is dispensable for the reactivity of thymic precursors of TCRαβ+CD8αα+ IELs (IELPs) to IL-15 and TGF-β. In conclusion, we showed that Kdm6b plays critical roles in the maturation and cytotoxic function of small intestinal TCRαβ+CD8αα+ IELs.
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14
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Rozario AM, Morey A, Elliott C, Russ B, Whelan DR, Turner SJ, Bell TDM. 3D Single Molecule Super-Resolution Microscopy of Whole Nuclear Lamina. Front Chem 2022; 10:863610. [PMID: 35572104 PMCID: PMC9096160 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.863610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Single molecule (SM) super-resolution microscopies bypass the diffraction limit of conventional optical techniques and provide excellent spatial resolutions in the tens of nanometers without overly complex microscope hardware. SM imaging using optical astigmatism is an efficient strategy for visualizing subcellular features in 3D with a z-range of up to ∼1 µm per acquisition. This approach however, places high demands on fluorophore brightness and photoswitching resilience meaning that imaging entire cell volumes in 3D using SM super-resolution remains challenging. Here we employ SM astigmatism together with multiplane acquisition to visualize the whole nuclear lamina of COS-7 and T cells in 3D. Nuclear lamina provides structural support to the nuclear envelope and participates in vital nuclear functions including internuclear transport, chromatin organization and gene regulation. Its position at the periphery of the nucleus provides a visible reference of the nuclear boundary and can be used to quantify the spatial distribution of intranuclear components such as histone modifications and transcription factors. We found Alexa Fluor 647, a popular photoswitchable fluorophore, remained viable for over an hour of continuous high laser power exposure, and provided sufficient brightness detectable up to 8 µm deep into a cell, allowing us to capture the entire nuclear lamina in 3D. Our approach provides sufficient super-resolution detail of nuclear lamina morphology to enable quantification of overall nuclear dimensions and local membrane features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M. Rozario
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison Morey
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Cade Elliott
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Brendan Russ
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Donna R. Whelan
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Turner
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Stephen J. Turner, ; Toby D. M. Bell,
| | - Toby D. M. Bell
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Stephen J. Turner, ; Toby D. M. Bell,
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15
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Møller SH, Hsueh PC, Yu YR, Zhang L, Ho PC. Metabolic programs tailor T cell immunity in viral infection, cancer, and aging. Cell Metab 2022; 34:378-395. [PMID: 35235773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Productive T cell responses to infection and cancer rely on coordinated metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling among the immune cells. In particular, T cell effector and memory differentiation, exhaustion, and senescence/aging are tightly regulated by the metabolism-epigenetics axis. In this review, we summarize recent advances of how metabolic circuits combined with epigenetic changes dictate T cell fate decisions and shape their functional states. We also discuss how the metabolic-epigenetic axis orchestrates T cell exhaustion and explore how physiological factors, such as diet, gut microbiota, and the circadian clock, are integrated in shaping T cell epigenetic modifications and functionality. Furthermore, we summarize key features of the senescent/aged T cells and discuss how to ameliorate vaccination- and COVID-induced T cell dysfunctions by metabolic modulations. An in-depth understanding of the unexplored links between cellular metabolism and epigenetic modifications in various physiological or pathological contexts has the potential to uncover novel therapeutic strategies for fine-tuning T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Hedlund Møller
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Pei-Chun Hsueh
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Yi-Ru Yu
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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16
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Xu T, Pereira RM, Martinez GJ. An Updated Model for the Epigenetic Regulation of Effector and Memory CD8 + T Cell Differentiation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1497-1505. [PMID: 34493604 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Naive CD8+ T cells, upon encountering their cognate Ag in vivo, clonally expand and differentiate into distinct cell fates, regulated by transcription factors and epigenetic modulators. Several models have been proposed to explain the differentiation of CTLs, although none fully recapitulate the experimental evidence. In this review article, we will summarize the latest research on the epigenetic regulation of CTL differentiation as well as provide a combined model that contemplates them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Xu
- Discipline of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL; and
| | - Renata M Pereira
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gustavo J Martinez
- Discipline of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL; and
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17
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Teh MR, Frost JN, Armitage AE, Drakesmith H. Analysis of Iron and Iron-Interacting Protein Dynamics During T-Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:714613. [PMID: 34880854 PMCID: PMC8647206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.714613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings have shown that iron is a powerful regulator of immune responses, which is of broad importance because iron deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide. However, the underlying reasons of why iron is needed by lymphocytes remain unclear. Using a combination of mathematical modelling, bioinformatic analysis and experimental work, we studied how iron influences T-cells. We identified iron-interacting proteins in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proteomes that were differentially expressed during activation, suggesting that pathways enriched with such proteins, including histone demethylation, may be impaired by iron deficiency. Consistent with this, iron-starved Th17 cells showed elevated expression of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 and displayed reduced RORγt and IL-17a, highlighting a previously unappreciated role for iron in T-cell differentiation. Quantitatively, we estimated T-cell iron content and calculated that T-cell iron demand rapidly and substantially increases after activation. We modelled that these increased requirements will not be met during clinically defined iron deficiency, indicating that normalizing serum iron may benefit adaptive immunity. Conversely, modelling predicted that excess serum iron would not enhance CD8+ T-cell responses, which we confirmed by immunising inducible hepcidin knock-out mice that have very high serum iron concentrations. Therefore, iron deficiency impairs multiple aspects of T-cell responses, while iron overload likely has milder effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R. Teh
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joe N. Frost
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew E. Armitage
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Haematology Theme, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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