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Ding R, Yu X, Hu Z, Dong Y, Huang H, Zhang Y, Han Q, Ni ZY, Zhao R, Ye Y, Zou Q. Lactate modulates RNA splicing to promote CTLA-4 expression in tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells. Immunity 2024; 57:528-540.e6. [PMID: 38417442 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
RNA splicing is involved in cancer initiation and progression, but how it influences host antitumor immunity in the metabolically abnormal tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that lactate modulates Foxp3-dependent RNA splicing to maintain the phenotypic and functional status of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (Treg) cells via CTLA-4. RNA splicing in Treg cells was correlated with the Treg cell signatures in the TME. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 39 (USP39), a component of the RNA splicing machinery, maintained RNA-splicing-mediated CTLA-4 expression to control Treg cell function. Mechanistically, lactate promoted USP39-mediated RNA splicing to facilitate CTLA-4 expression in a Foxp3-dependent manner. Moreover, the efficiency of CTLA-4 RNA splicing was increased in tumor-infiltrating Treg cells from patients with colorectal cancer. These findings highlight the immunological relevance of RNA splicing in Treg cells and provide important insights into the environmental mechanism governing CTLA-4 expression in Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ding
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital & Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital & Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhilin Hu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, the School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital & Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuerong Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital & Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Han
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital & Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Ni
- Clinical Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei, China; Central Laboratory, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Microecological Metabolism Regulation, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan 056002, Hebei, China.
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital & Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Qiang Zou
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital & Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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2
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Campos Alonso M, Knobeloch KP. In the moonlight: non-catalytic functions of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteases. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1349509. [PMID: 38455765 PMCID: PMC10919355 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1349509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteases that cleave ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are critical players in maintaining the homeostasis of the organism. Concordantly, their dysregulation has been directly linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, developmental aberrations, cardiac disorders and inflammation. Given their potential as novel therapeutic targets, it is essential to fully understand their mechanisms of action. Traditionally, observed effects resulting from deficiencies in deubiquitinases (DUBs) and UBL proteases have often been attributed to the misregulation of substrate modification by ubiquitin or UBLs. Therefore, much research has focused on understanding the catalytic activities of these proteins. However, this view has overlooked the possibility that DUBs and UBL proteases might also have significant non-catalytic functions, which are more prevalent than previously believed and urgently require further investigation. Moreover, multiple examples have shown that either selective loss of only the protease activity or complete absence of these proteins can have different functional and physiological consequences. Furthermore, DUBs and UBL proteases have been shown to often contain domains or binding motifs that not only modulate their catalytic activity but can also mediate entirely different functions. This review aims to shed light on the non-catalytic, moonlighting functions of DUBs and UBL proteases, which extend beyond the hydrolysis of ubiquitin and UBL chains and are just beginning to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Campos Alonso
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Knobeloch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS—Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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3
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Zhang R, Wang D, Ruan GX, Wang R, Li Y, Chen W, Huang H, Wang J, Meng L, Zhu Z, Lei D, Xu S, Ou X. Spliceosome component PHD finger 5A is essential for early B lymphopoiesis. Development 2024; 151:dev202247. [PMID: 38095286 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The spliceosome, a multi-megadalton ribonucleoprotein complex, is essential for pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus and ensuring genomic stability. Its precise and dynamic assembly is pivotal for its function. Spliceosome malfunctions can lead to developmental abnormalities and potentially contribute to tumorigenesis. The specific role of the spliceosome in B cell development is poorly understood. Here, we reveal that the spliceosomal U2 snRNP component PHD finger protein 5A (Phf5a) is vital for early B cell development. Loss of Phf5a results in pronounced defects in B cell development, causing an arrest at the transition from pre-pro-B to early pro-B cell stage in the bone marrow of mutant mice. Phf5a-deficient B cells exhibit impaired immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) chain expression due to defective V-to-DJ gene rearrangement. Mechanistically, our findings suggest that Phf5a facilitates IgH gene rearrangement by regulating the activity of recombination-activating gene endonuclease and influencing chromatin interactions at the Igh locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Daoqin Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gui-Xin Ruan
- Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Ruisi Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxing Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hengjun Huang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Limin Meng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhijian Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dengfeng Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shengli Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive MD9, Singapore 117593, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xijun Ou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Teli S, Deshmukh K, Khan T, Suvarna V. Recent Advances in Biomedical Applications of Mannans and Xylans. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:261-277. [PMID: 38375843 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501285058240203094846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Plant-based phytochemicals, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and other metabolites, have attracted considerable attention due to their central role in synthesizing nanomaterials with various biomedical applications. Hemicelluloses are the second most abundant among naturally occurring heteropolymers, accounting for one-third of all plant constituents. In particular, xylans, mannans, and arabinoxylans are structured polysaccharides derived from hemicellulose. Mannans and xylans are characterized by their linear configuration of β-1,4-linked mannose and xylose units, respectively. At the same time, arabinoxylan is a copolymer of arabinose and xylose found predominantly in secondary cell walls of seeds, dicotyledons, grasses, and cereal tissues. Their widespread use in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and gene delivery is based on their properties, such as cell adhesiveness, cost-effectiveness, high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity. Moreover, it can be easily functionalized, which expands their potential applications and provides them with structural diversity. This review comprehensively addresses recent advances in the field of biomedical applications. It explores the potential prospects for exploiting the capabilities of mannans and xylans in drug delivery, gene delivery, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya Teli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kajal Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
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Cui D, Wang Z, Dang Q, Wang J, Qin J, Song J, Zhai X, Zhou Y, Zhao L, Lu G, Liu H, Liu G, Liu R, Shao C, Zhang X, Liu Z. Spliceosome component Usp39 contributes to hepatic lipid homeostasis through the regulation of autophagy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7032. [PMID: 37923718 PMCID: PMC10624899 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of alternative splicing (AS) enables a single transcript to yield multiple isoforms that increase transcriptome and proteome diversity. Here, we report that spliceosome component Usp39 plays a role in the regulation of hepatocyte lipid homeostasis. We demonstrate that Usp39 expression is downregulated in hepatic tissues of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) subjects. Hepatocyte-specific Usp39 deletion in mice leads to increased lipid accumulation, spontaneous steatosis and impaired autophagy. Combined analysis of RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP-seq) and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data reveals that Usp39 regulates AS of several autophagy-related genes. In particular, deletion of Usp39 results in alternative 5' splice site selection of exon 6 in Heat shock transcription factor 1 (Hsf1) and consequently its reduced expression. Importantly, overexpression of Hsf1 could attenuate lipid accumulation caused by Usp39 deficiency. Taken together, our findings indicate that Usp39-mediated AS is required for sustaining autophagy and lipid homeostasis in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianli Dang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junchao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianping Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yachao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong University, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong University, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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6
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Choi Y, Lee Y, Kim JS, Zhang P, Kim J. USP39-Mediated Non-Proteolytic Control of ETS2 Suppresses Nuclear Localization and Activity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1475. [PMID: 37892157 PMCID: PMC10604658 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ETS2 is a member of the ETS family of transcription factors and has been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. The aberrant activation of ETS2 is associated with various human cancers, highlighting its importance as a therapeutic target. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms and interacting partners of ETS2 is crucial for elucidating its precise role in cellular processes and developing novel strategies to modulate its activity. In this study, we conducted binding assays using a human deubiquitinase (DUB) library and identified USP39 as a novel ETS2-binding DUB. USP39 interacts with ETS2 through their respective amino-terminal regions, and the zinc finger and PNT domains are not required for this binding. USP39 deubiquitinates ETS2 without affecting its protein stability. Interestingly, however, USP39 significantly suppresses the transcriptional activity of ETS2. Furthermore, we demonstrated that USP39 leads to a reduction in the nuclear localization of ETS2. Our findings provide valuable insights into the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing ETS2 function. Understanding the interplay between USP39 and ETS2 may have implications for therapeutic interventions targeting ETS2-related diseases, including cancer, where the dysregulation of ETS2 is frequently observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsik Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seo Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Peijing Zhang
- Department of Biological Pharmaceutics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jongchan Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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Wei Z, Su L, Gao S. The roles of ubiquitination in AML. Ann Hematol 2023:10.1007/s00277-023-05415-y. [PMID: 37603061 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneously malignant disorder resulting in poor prognosis. Ubiquitination, a major post-translational modification (PTM), plays an essential role in regulating various cellular processes and determining cell fate. Despite these initial insights, the precise role of ubiquitination in AML pathogenesis and treatment remains largely unknown. In order to address this knowledge gap, we explore the relationship between ubiquitination and AML from the perspectives of signal transduction, cell differentiation, and cell cycle control; and try to find out how this relationship can be utilized to inform new therapeutic strategies for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Long Su
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sujun Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Huang H, Li Y, Zhang G, Ruan GX, Zhu Z, Chen W, Zou J, Zhang R, Wang J, Ouyang Y, Xu S, Ou X. The RNA-binding protein hnRNP F is required for the germinal center B cell response. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1731. [PMID: 36997512 PMCID: PMC10063658 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37308-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The T cell-dependent (TD) antibody response involves the generation of high affinity, immunoglobulin heavy chain class-switched antibodies that are generated through germinal center (GC) response. This process is controlled by coordinated transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanisms. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have emerged as critical players in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Here we demonstrate that B cell-specific deletion of RBP hnRNP F leads to diminished production of class-switched antibodies with high affinities in response to a TD antigen challenge. B cells deficient in hnRNP F are characterized by defective proliferation and c-Myc upregulation upon antigenic stimulation. Mechanistically, hnRNP F directly binds to the G-tracts of Cd40 pre-mRNA to promote the inclusion of Cd40 exon 6 that encodes its transmembrane domain, thus enabling appropriate CD40 cell surface expression. Furthermore, we find that hnRNP A1 and A2B1 can bind to the same region of Cd40 pre-mRNA but suppress exon 6 inclusion, suggesting that these hnRNPs and hnRNP F might antagonize each-other's effects on Cd40 splicing. In summary, our study uncovers an important posttranscriptional mechanism regulating the GC response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjun Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuxing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Gaopu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Gui-Xin Ruan
- Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Zhijian Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jia Zou
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yu Ouyang
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shengli Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Xijun Ou
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Chen W, Li Y, Ruan GX, Huang H, Zhang R, Wang J, Ouyang Y, Li Y, Xu S, Ou X. Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-1 is essential for early B lymphopoiesis. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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10
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Efficient Identification of the MYC Regulator with the Use of the CRISPR Library and Context-Matched Database Screenings. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147723. [PMID: 35887071 PMCID: PMC9317319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MYC is a major oncogene that plays an important role in cell proliferation in human cancers. Therefore, the mechanism behind MYC regulation is a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. Comprehensive and efficient screening of MYC regulators is needed, and we had previously established a promoter screening system using fluorescent proteins and the CRISPR library. For the efficient identification of candidate genes, a database was used, for which mRNA expression was correlated with MYC using datasets featuring “Similar” and “Not exactly similar” contexts. INTS14 and ERI2 were identified using datasets featuring the “Similar” context group, and INTS14 and ERI2 were capable of enhancing MYC promoter activity. In further database analysis of human cancers, a higher expression of MYC mRNA was observed in the INTS14 mRNA high-expressing prostate and liver cancers. The knockdown of INTS14 in prostate cell lines resulted in decreased MYC mRNA and protein expression and also induced G0/1 arrest. This study confirmed that CRISPR screening combined with context-matched database screening is effective in identifying genes that regulate the MYC promoter. This method can be applied to other genes and is expected to be useful in identifying the regulators of other proto-oncogenes.
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