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Dinter C, Gumprecht A, Menze MA, Azizan A, Niehoff PJ, Hansen S, Büchs J. Validation of computational fluid dynamics of shake flask experiments at moderate viscosity by liquid distributions and volumetric power inputs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3658. [PMID: 38351095 PMCID: PMC10864319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53980-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has recently become a pivotal tool in the design and scale-up of bioprocesses. While CFD has been extensively utilized for stirred tank reactors (STRs), there exists a relatively limited body of literature focusing on CFD applications for shake flasks, almost exclusively concentrated on fluids at waterlike viscosity. The importance of CFD model validation cannot be overstated. While techniques to elucidate the internal flow field are necessary for model validation in STRs, the liquid distribution, caused by the orbital shaking motion of shake flasks, can be exploited for model validation. An OpenFOAM CFD model for shake flasks has been established. Calculated liquid distributions were compared to suitable, previously published experimental data. Across a broad range of shaking conditions, at waterlike and moderate viscosity (16.7 mPa∙s), the CFD model's liquid distributions align excellently with the experimental data, in terms of overall shape and position of the liquid relative to the direction of the centrifugal force. Additionally, the CFD model was used to calculate the volumetric power input, based on the energy dissipation. Depending on the shaking conditions, the computed volumetric power inputs range from 0.1 to 7 kW/m3 and differed on average by 0.01 kW/m3 from measured literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Dinter
- RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Gumprecht
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | | | - Amizon Azizan
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Sven Hansen
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Paul-Baumann-Straße 1, 45772, Marl, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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2
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Jegatheeswaran S, Ein-Mozaffari F. Gas Helicity Yields New Insights into Gas–Liquid Reactor Design: Enhanced Oxygen Transfer Rate of Coaxial Mixers at Low-Speed Ratio. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinthuran Jegatheeswaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, OntarioM5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Farhad Ein-Mozaffari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, OntarioM5B 2K3, Canada
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3
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Haringa C. An analysis of organism lifelines in an industrial bioreactor using Lattice-Boltzmann CFD. Eng Life Sci 2023; 23:e2100159. [PMID: 36619885 PMCID: PMC9815090 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Euler-Lagrange CFD simulations, where the biotic phase is represented by computational particles (parcels), provide information on environmental gradients inside bioreactors from the microbial perspective. Such information is highly relevant for reactor scale-down and process optimization. One of the major challenges is the computational intensity of CFD simulations, especially when resolution of dynamics in the flowfield is required. Lattice-Boltzmann large-eddy simulations (LB-LES) form a very promising approach for simulating accurate, dynamic flowfields in stirred reactors, at strongly reduced computation times compared to finite volume approaches. In this work, the performance of LB-LES in resolving substrate gradients in large-scale bioreactors is explored, combined with the inclusion of a Lagrangian biotic phase to provide the microbial perspective. In addition, the hydrodynamic performance of the simulations is confirmed by verification of hydrodynamic characteristics (radial velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, energy dissipation) in the impeller discharge stream of a 29 cm diameter stirred tank. The results are compared with prior finite volume simulation results, both in terms of hydrodynamic and biokinetic observations, and time requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cees Haringa
- Bioprocess EngineeringBiotechnology DepartmentDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands
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4
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John TP, Fonte CP, Kowalski A, Rodgers TL. The effect of axial impeller geometry on the link between power and flow numbers. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. P. John
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - C. P. Fonte
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - A. Kowalski
- Unilever R&D, Port Sunlight Laboratory, Quarry Road East, Bebington Wirral UK
| | - T. L. Rodgers
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of Manchester Manchester UK
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5
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Simulation and Experimental Investigation of the Radial Groove Effect on Slurry Flow in Oxide Chemical Mechanical Polishing. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Slurry flow on the pad surface and its effects on oxide chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performance were investigated in simulations and experiments. A concentric groove pad and the same pad with radial grooves were used to quantitatively compare the slurry saturation time (SST), material removal rate (MRR), and non-uniformity (NU) in polishing. The monitored coefficient of friction (COF) and its slope were analyzed and used to determine SSTs of 25.52 s for the concentric groove pad and 16.06 s for a certain radial groove pad. These values were well correlated with the simulation prediction, with around 5% error. Both the laminar flow and turbulent flow were included in the sliding mesh model. The back mixing effect, which delays fresh slurry supply, was found in the pressure distribution of the wafer–pad interface.
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Vivek V, Eka FN, Chew W. Mixing studies in an unbaffled bioreactor using a computational model corroborated with in-situ Raman and imaging analyses. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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7
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Xie L, He G, Yu B, Yan S. Evaluation of the mixing quality of high-viscosity yield stress fluids in a tubular reactor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2020-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the mixing quality of high-viscosity yield stress fluid (Carbopol aqueous solution) under laminar and turbulent flow regimes was evaluated through a numerical experimental study. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics large-eddy simulation (CFD-LES) model was employed to capture large-scale vortex structures. The proposed CFD model was validated by the experimental data in terms of mean velocity profiles and velocity-time history. Thereafter, the CFD model was applied to simulate the residence time distribution using the tracking technique: tracer pulse method and step method. In addition, the non-ideal flow phenomena caused by molecular diffusion and eddy diffusion were evaluated. The effects of the rheological properties on the mixing performance were also investigated. The presented results can provide useful guidance to enhance mass transfer in reactors with high-viscosity fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , Hunan , China
| | - Guangwen He
- Hunan Yujia Cosmetics Manufacturing Co., Ltd. , Changsha , 410205 , Hunan , China
| | - Bin Yu
- Hunan Yujia Cosmetics Manufacturing Co., Ltd. , Changsha , 410205 , Hunan , China
| | - Shaowei Yan
- Hunan Yujia Cosmetics Manufacturing Co., Ltd. , Changsha , 410205 , Hunan , China
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Fitschen J, Hofmann S, Wutz J, Kameke A, Hoffmann M, Wucherpfennig T, Schlüter M. Novel evaluation method to determine the local mixing time distribution in stirred tank reactors. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cesx.2021.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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9
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Cappello V, Plais C, Vial C, Augier F. Scale-up of aerated bioreactors: CFD validation and application to the enzyme production by Trichoderma reesei. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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The impact of clearance on mixing time for interface-added substrate. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:701-711. [PMID: 33230713 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to find the optimum clearance (impeller to bottom distance) for Rushton and pitch-blade turbine impellers in a stirred tank bioreactor for improved substrate mixing time added at interface, taking advantage of computational fluid dynamics. In this regard, the time needed for a thin layer of liquid, resembling substrate-rich or poor part, getting homogenously dispersed within the tank was calculated. The mixing time calculated in this way is called the surface aeration related mixing time (SARMT). SARMT was calculated using two approaches and was compared with each other. For the pitch-blade turbine impeller, a criterion which guarantees accurate mixing time by simulation was not satisfied, so the SARMT profile against clearance was not achieved. For the Rushton impeller, a general descending order of SARMT against impeller-bottom clearance was observed.
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11
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Cheng D, Sheibat‐Othman N, McKenna TFL. Modelling study of emulsion latex coagulation processes in coagulators. CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dang Cheng
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2)‐LCPP group Villeurbanne France
| | - Nida Sheibat‐Othman
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007 Villeurbanne France
| | - Timothy F. L. McKenna
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2)‐LCPP group Villeurbanne France
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12
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Kuschel M, Takors R. Simulated oxygen and glucose gradients as a prerequisite for predicting industrial scale performance a priori. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2760-2770. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maike Kuschel
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Ralf Takors
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
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13
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A new application area of electrochemical limiting diffusion current technique: measurement of mixing time and effect of some parameters. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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14
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Numerical and experimental analyses of a stirred vessel for a large volumetric flow rate of sparged air. Chin J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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CFD Simulation of the Particle Dispersion Behavior and Mass Transfer–Reaction Kinetics in non-Newton Fluid with High Viscosity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2018-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Solid particle dispersion and chemical reactions in high-viscosity non-Newtonian fluid are commonly encountered in polymerization systems. In this study, an interphase mass transfer model and a finite-rate/eddy-dissipation formulation were integrated into a computational fluid dynamics model to simulate the dispersion behavior of particles and the mass transfer–reaction kinetics in a condensation polymerization-stirred tank reactor. Turbulence fields were obtained using the standard k–ε model and employed to calculate the mixing rate. Cross model was used to characterize the rheological property of the non-Newton fluid. The proposed model was first validated by experimental data in terms of input power. Then, several key operating variables (i.e. agitation speed, viscosity, and particle size) were investigated to evaluate the dispersive mixing performance of the stirred vessel. Simulation showed that a high agitation speed and a low fluid viscosity favored particle dispersions. This study provided useful guidelines for industrial-scale high-viscosity polymerization reactors.
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Jegatheeswaran S, Ein-Mozaffari F, Wu J. Laminar mixing of non-Newtonian fluids in static mixers: process intensification perspective. REV CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Static mixers are widely used in various industrial applications to intensify the laminar mixing of non-Newtonian fluids. Non-Newtonian fluids can be categorized into (1) time-independent, (2) time-dependent, and (3) viscoelastic fluids. Computational fluid dynamics studies on the laminar mixing of viscoelastic fluids are very limited due to the complexity in incorporating the multiple relaxation times and the associated stress tensor into the constitutive equations. This review paper provides recommendations for future research studies while summarizing the key research contributions in the field of non-Newtonian fluid mixing using static mixers. This review discusses the different experimental techniques employed such as electrical resistance tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, planar laser-induced fluorescence, and positron emission particle tracking. A comprehensive overview of the mixing fundamentals, fluid chaos, numerical characterization of fluid stretching, development of pressure drop correlations, and derivations of generalized Reynolds number is also provided in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinthuran Jegatheeswaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street , Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3 , Canada
| | - Farhad Ein-Mozaffari
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street , Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3 , Canada
| | - Jiangning Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street , Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3 , Canada
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17
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Inter-compartment interaction in multi-impeller mixing: Part I. Experiments and multiple reference frame CFD. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Haringa C, Vandewijer R, Mudde RF. Inter-compartment interaction in multi-impeller mixing. Part II. Experiments, sliding mesh and large Eddy simulations. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Ameur H, Ghenaim A. Mixing of Complex Fluids in a Cylindrical Tank by a Modified Anchor Impeller. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Houari Ameur
- Institut des Sciences et TechnologiesCentre Universitaire Salhi Ahmed de Naâma (Ctr Univ Naâma), B.P. 66 45000 Algeria
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20
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21
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Haringa C, Deshmukh AT, Mudde RF, Noorman HJ. Euler-Lagrange analysis towards representative down-scaling of a 22 m 3 aerobic S. cerevisiae fermentation. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Kazemzadeh A, Ein-Mozaffari F, Lohi A, Pakzad L. Effect of Impeller Spacing on the Flow Field of Yield-Pseudoplastic Fluids Generated by a Coaxial Mixing System Composed of Two Central Impellers and an Anchor. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2016.1277520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Argang Kazemzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Farhad Ein-Mozaffari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Lohi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leila Pakzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Haringa C, Tang W, Deshmukh AT, Xia J, Reuss M, Heijnen JJ, Mudde RF, Noorman HJ. Euler-Lagrange computational fluid dynamics for (bio)reactor scale down: An analysis of organism lifelines. Eng Life Sci 2016; 16:652-663. [PMID: 27917102 PMCID: PMC5129516 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The trajectories, referred to as lifelines, of individual microorganisms in an industrial scale fermentor under substrate limiting conditions were studied using an Euler‐Lagrange computational fluid dynamics approach. The metabolic response to substrate concentration variations along these lifelines provides deep insight in the dynamic environment inside a large‐scale fermentor, from the point of view of the microorganisms themselves. We present a novel methodology to evaluate this metabolic response, based on transitions between metabolic “regimes” that can provide a comprehensive statistical insight in the environmental fluctuations experienced by microorganisms inside an industrial bioreactor. These statistics provide the groundwork for the design of representative scale‐down simulators, mimicking substrate variations experimentally. To focus on the methodology we use an industrial fermentation of Penicillium chrysogenum in a simplified representation, dealing with only glucose gradients, single‐phase hydrodynamics, and assuming no limitation in oxygen supply, but reasonably capturing the relevant timescales. Nevertheless, the methodology provides useful insight in the relation between flow and component fluctuation timescales that are expected to hold in physically more thorough simulations. Microorganisms experience substrate fluctuations at timescales of seconds, in the order of magnitude of the global circulation time. Such rapid fluctuations should be replicated in truly industrially representative scale‐down simulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cees Haringa
- Transport Phenomena Section Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State key laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | | | - Jianye Xia
- State key laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Matthias Reuss
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology (SRCSB) University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Joseph J Heijnen
- Cell Systems Engineering Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands
| | - Robert F Mudde
- Transport Phenomena Section Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands
| | - Henk J Noorman
- DSM Biotechnology Center Delft The Netherlands; Bio Separation Technology Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands
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Kazemzadeh A, Ein-Mozaffari F, Lohi A, Pakzad L. Effect of the rheological properties on the mixing of Herschel-Bulkley fluids with coaxial mixers: Applications of tomography, CFD, and response surface methodology. CAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Argang Kazemzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Ryerson University; 350 Victoria Street Toronto ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Farhad Ein-Mozaffari
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Ryerson University; 350 Victoria Street Toronto ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Ali Lohi
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Ryerson University; 350 Victoria Street Toronto ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Leila Pakzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Lakehead University; 955 Oliver Road Thunder Bay ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
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25
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Numerical investigation of hydrodynamic behavior of shear thinning fluids in stirred tank. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Alfaro-Ayala JA, Ayala-Ramírez V, Gallegos-Muñoz A, Uribe-Ramírez AR. Optimal location of axial impellers in a stirred tank applying evolutionary programing and CFD. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Ayr U, Tamborrino A, Catalano P, Bianchi B, Leone A. 3D computational fluid dynamics simulation and experimental validation for prediction of heat transfer in a new malaxer machine. J FOOD ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Reactors for High Solid Loading Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 152:75-90. [PMID: 25757450 DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The review summarized the types, the geometry, and the design principle of pretreatment reactors at high solid loading of lignocellulose material. Among the reactors used, the explosion reactors and the helical stirring reactors are to be considered as the practical form for high solids loading pretreatment operation; the comminution reactors and the extruder reactors are difficult to be used as an independent unit, but possible to be used in the combined form with other types of reactors. The principles of the pretreatment reactor design at high solid loading were discussed and several basic principles for the design were proposed. This review provided useful information for choosing the reactor types and designing the geometry of pretreatment operation at the high solids loading.
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29
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Zhang LP, Zhang J, Li CH, Bao J. Rheological characterization and CFD modeling of corn stover–water mixing system at high solids loading for dilute acid pretreatment. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Delafosse A, Collignon ML, Calvo S, Delvigne F, Crine M, Thonart P, Toye D. CFD-based compartment model for description of mixing in bioreactors. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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32
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Magelli F, Montante G, Pinelli D, Paglianti A. Mixing time in high aspect ratio vessels stirred with multiple impellers. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Pohn J, Cunningham M, McKenna TFL. Scale-Up of Emulsion Polymerization Reactors Part II - Simulations and Interpretations. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Pohn
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Kingston ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Michael Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Kingston ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Timothy F. L. McKenna
- CNRS/ESCPE-Lyon, UMR 5265 Laboratoire de Chimie Catalyse Polymères et Procédés (C2P2); LCPP Group; Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne France
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34
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Pohn J, Cunningham M, McKenna TFL. Scale-Up of Emulsion Polymerization Reactors Part I - Development of a Model Framework. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Pohn
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; K7L3N6 Kingston ON Canada
| | - Michael Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; K7L3N6 Kingston ON Canada
| | - Timothy F. L. McKenna
- CNRS/ESCPE-Lyon, UMR 5265 Laboratoire de Chimie Catalyse Polymères et Procédés (C2P2); LCPP Group; Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne France
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Afshar Ghotli R, Raman AAA, Ibrahim S, Baroutian S. LIQUID-LIQUID MIXING IN STIRRED VESSELS: A REVIEW. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2012.717313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Afshar Ghotli R, Abdul Aziz A, Ibrahim S, Baroutian S, Arami-Niya A. Study of various curved-blade impeller geometries on power consumption in stirred vessel using response surface methodology. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Li X, Zhang J, Tan YL, Li ZH, Yu XF, Xia JY, Chu J, Ge YQ. Effects of flow field on the metabolic characteristics of Streptomyces lincolnensis in the industrial fermentation of lincomycin. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 115:27-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Xie MH, Xia JY, Zhou GZ, Zhang SL, Yu PQ. Hydrodynamics Characterization of an Ellipse Gate Impeller by Experimental and Numerical Studies. Chem Eng Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201200318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Pakzad L, Ein-Mozaffari F, Upreti SR, Lohi A. Characterisation of the mixing of non-newtonian fluids with a scaba 6SRGT impeller through ert and CFD. CAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.21616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Coroneo M, Montante G, Paglianti A, Magelli F. CFD prediction of fluid flow and mixing in stirred tanks: Numerical issues about the RANS simulations. Comput Chem Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rodgers T, Gangolf L, Vannier C, Parriaud M, Cooke M. Mixing times for process vessels with aspect ratios greater than one. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chen T, Wang LQ, Wu DZ, Sun YB, Wu B, Li ZF. Investigation of the mechanism of low-density particle and liquid mixing process in a stirred vessel. CAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Liu M. Quantitative characterisation of mixing in stirred tank reactors with mean age distribution. CAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minye Liu
- DuPont Company, 1007 Market Street, Wilmington, DE 19898, U.S.A
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Prajapati P, Ein-Mozaffari F. CFD Investigation of the Mixing of Yield-Pseudoplastic Fluids with Anchor Impellers. Chem Eng Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200800511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Using ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry and CFD modeling to investigate the mixing of non-Newtonian fluids possessing yield stress. Chem Eng Res Des 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2008.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Calculation of Metzner Constant for Double Helical Ribbon Impeller by Computational Fluid Dynamic Method. Chin J Chem Eng 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(08)60141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Moilanen P, Laakkonen M, Visuri O, Aittamaa J. Modeling Local Gas−Liquid Mass Transfer in Agitated Viscous Shear-Thinning Dispersions with CFD. Ind Eng Chem Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ie070566x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pasi Moilanen
- Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 6100, FIN-02015 HUT Finland
| | - Marko Laakkonen
- Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 6100, FIN-02015 HUT Finland
| | - Olli Visuri
- Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 6100, FIN-02015 HUT Finland
| | - Juhani Aittamaa
- Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 6100, FIN-02015 HUT Finland
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Ihejirika I, Ein-Mozaffari F. Using CFD and Ultrasonic velocimetry to Study the Mixing of Pseudoplastic Fluids with a Helical Ribbon Impeller. Chem Eng Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200700006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhang L, Pan Q, Rempel GL. Residence Time Distribution in a Multistage Agitated Contactor with Newtonian Fluids: CFD Prediction and Experimental Validation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ie060567+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Singh KK, Mahajani SM, Shenoy KT, Ghosh SK. Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of a Bench-scale Pump−Mixer: Head, Power and Residence Time Distribution. Ind Eng Chem Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ie061102m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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