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Mesa D, van Heerden M, Cole K, Neethling SJ, Brito-Parada PR. Hydrodynamics in a three-phase flotation system – Fluid following with a new hydrogel tracer for Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT). Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Zak A, Alberini F, Maluta F, Moucha T, Montante G, Paglianti A. Liquid mixing time and gas distribution in aerated multiple-impeller stirred tanks. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractMixing tanks are employed in paper and pulp industries to generate aqueous foams and fiber foams. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of impeller geometry on dynamic foam generation in a 60 L mixing tank. Three impeller geometries including two radial—Rushton turbine (RT), Bakker turbine (BT6), one axial high solidity pitched blade turbine (HSPBT), and four dual impeller combinations were investigated. Compressed air, water and sodium dodecyl sulphate were used as gas phase, liquid phase and surfactant, respectively, to generate aqueous foam. 1% mass consistency softwood fiber was used to generate fiber foam. The change in aqueous foam density for any given impeller was limited to ± 40 kg/m3 indicating foam density was dictated by impeller type rather than power input. Single impellers generated bubbly liquids whereas dual impellers generated low-density aqueous foams. Besides, stable foam was produced even at low power input compared to single impellers due to increase in impeller swept volume and blade contact area. Addition of fibers increased the foam density by ~ 100–150 kg/m3 and reduced the half-life time by almost threefold for all impellers due to lower air content and higher bubble size. Placement of high shear impeller (BT6) at bottom and down-pumping axial impeller (HSPBT) on top generated fine bubbles.
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Hu X, Ilgun AD, Passalacqua A, Fox RO, Bertola F, Milosevic M, Visscher F. CFD simulations of stirred-tank reactors for gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid systems using OpenFOAM®. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2019-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An open-source CFD software OpenFOAM® is used to simulate two multiphase stirred-tank reactors relevant to industrial processes such as slurry polymerization and fuel production. Gas-liquid simulations are first performed in a single-impeller stirred-tank reactor, studied experimentally by Ford, J. J., T. J. Heindel, T. C. Jensen, and J. B. Drake. 2008. “X-Ray Computed Tomography of a Gas-Sparged Stirred-Tank Reactor.” Chemical Engineering Science 63: 2075–85. Three impeller rotation speeds (200, 350 and 700 rpm) with three different bubble diameters (0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mm) are investigated. Flow patterns compared qualitatively to those from experiments. Compared to the experimental data, the simulations are in relatively good agreement for gas holdup in the reactor. The second multiphase system is a multi-impeller stirred-tank reactor, studied experimentally by Shewale, S. D., and A. B. Pandit. 2006. “Studies in Multiple Impeller Agitated Gas-Liquid Contractors.” Chemical Engineering Science 61: 486–504. Gas-liquid simulations are performed at two impeller rotation speeds (3.75 and 5.08 RPS). The simulated flow patterns agree with published pictures from the experiments. Gas-liquid-solid simulations of the multi-impeller stirred-tank reactor are also carried out at impeller rotation speed 5.08 RPS. The addition of solid particles with a volume fraction characteristic of slurry reactors changes the flow pattern significantly. The bottom Rushton turbine becomes flooded, while the upper pitched-blade downflow turbines present a radial-pumping flow pattern instead of down-pumping. Nonetheless, the solid phase has a similar flow pattern to the liquid phase, indicating that the particles modify the effective density of the fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Iowa State University , 2529 Union Dr , Ames , IA 50011-2030 , USA
| | - Aziz Dogan Ilgun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Iowa State University , 2529 Union Dr , Ames , IA 50011-2030 , USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , 618 Bissell Rd , Ames , IA 50011-1098 , USA
| | - Alberto Passalacqua
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Iowa State University , 2529 Union Dr , Ames , IA 50011-2030 , USA
| | - Rodney O. Fox
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , 618 Bissell Rd , Ames , IA 50011-1098 , USA
| | - Francesco Bertola
- SABIC , Urmonderbaan 22 , P.O. Box 319 , 6160 AH , Geleen , The Netherlands
| | - Miran Milosevic
- SABIC , Urmonderbaan 22 , P.O. Box 319 , 6160 AH , Geleen , The Netherlands
| | - Frans Visscher
- SABIC , Urmonderbaan 22 , P.O. Box 319 , 6160 AH , Geleen , The Netherlands
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Xiao Y, Li X, Ren S, Mao ZS, Yang C. Hydrodynamics of gas phase under typical industrial gassing rates in a gas-liquid stirred tank using intrusive image-based method. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Jamshidzadeh M, Ein‐Mozaffari F, Lohi A. Local and overall gas holdup in an aerated coaxial mixing system containing a non‐
Newtonian
fluid. AIChE J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Jamshidzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | - Ali Lohi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada
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Bowler AL, Bakalis S, Watson NJ. A review of in-line and on-line measurement techniques to monitor industrial mixing processes. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Schuler J, Kockmann N. Micro‐computed tomography for the investigation of stationary liquid–liquid and liquid–gas interfaces in capillaries. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schuler
- Laboratory of Equipment Design, Department of Biochemical and Chemical EngineeringTU Dortmund University Dortmund Germany
| | - Norbert Kockmann
- Laboratory of Equipment Design, Department of Biochemical and Chemical EngineeringTU Dortmund University Dortmund Germany
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Forte G, Alberini F, Simmons MJH, Stitt EH. Measuring gas hold‐up in gas–liquid/gas–solid–liquid stirred tanks with an electrical resistance tomography linear probe. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forte
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Johnson Matthey TS23 4LB, Birmingham UK
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus B152TT, Birmingham UK
| | - Federico Alberini
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus B152TT, Birmingham UK
| | - Mark J. H. Simmons
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus B152TT, Birmingham UK
| | - E. Hugh Stitt
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Johnson Matthey TS23 4LB, Birmingham UK
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Prakash B, Shah MT, Pareek VK, Utikar RP. Impact of HSPBT blade angle on gas phase hydrodynamics in a gas–liquid stirred tank. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Sardeshpande MV, Gupta S, Ranade VV. Electrical resistance tomography for gas holdup in a gas-liquid stirred tank reactor. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Hashemi N, Ein-Mozaffari F, Upreti SR, Hwang DK. Analysis of power consumption and gas holdup distribution for an aerated reactor equipped with a coaxial mixer: Novel correlations for the gas flow number and gassed power. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Image analysis of X-ray tomograms of sludge during convective drying in a pilot-scale fixed bed. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Lee BW, Dudukovic MP. Time-series analysis of optical probe measurements in gas–liquid stirred tanks. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Lee BW, Dudukovic MP. Determination of flow regime and gas holdup in gas–liquid stirred tanks. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Patel D, Ein-Mozaffari F, Mehrvar M. Tomography images to analyze the deformation of the cavern in the continuous-flow mixing of non-Newtonian fluids. AIChE J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dineshkumar Patel
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Ryerson University; Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada
| | | | - Mehrab Mehrvar
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Ryerson University; Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada
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Busciglio A, Grisafi F, Scargiali F, Brucato A. On the measurement of local gas hold-up, interfacial area and bubble size distribution in gas–liquid contactors via light sheet and image analysis: Imaging technique and experimental results. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bai W, Keller NK, Heindel TJ, Fox RO. Numerical study of mixing and segregation in a biomass fluidized bed. POWDER TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tschentscher R, Schubert M, Bieberle A, Nijhuis TA, van der Schaaf J, Hampel U, Schouten JC. Gas holdup of rotating foam reactors measured by γ-tomography-effect of solid foam pore size and liquid viscosity. AIChE J 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.13787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Tschentscher
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; 5600 MB; Eindhoven; The Netherlands
| | - Markus Schubert
- Institute for Safety Research; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; 01314; Dresden; Germany
| | - Andre Bieberle
- Institute for Safety Research; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; 01314; Dresden; Germany
| | - T. Alexander Nijhuis
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; 5600 MB; Eindhoven; The Netherlands
| | - John van der Schaaf
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; 5600 MB; Eindhoven; The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Hampel
- Institute for Safety Research; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; 01314; Dresden; Germany
| | - Jaap C. Schouten
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; 5600 MB; Eindhoven; The Netherlands
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Abdullah B, Dave C, Nguyen TH, Cooper CG, Adesina AA. Electrical resistance tomography-assisted analysis of dispersed phase hold-up in a gas-inducing mechanically stirred vessel. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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23
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γ-CT measurement and CFD simulation of cross section gas holdup distribution in a gas–liquid stirred standard Rushton tank. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Tomography measurements of gas holdup in rotating foam reactors with Newtonian, non-Newtonian and foaming liquids. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Joshi JB, Nere NK, Rane CV, Murthy BN, Mathpati CS, Patwardhan AW, Ranade VV. CFD simulation of stirred tanks: Comparison of turbulence models. Part I: Radial flow impellers. CAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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On the measurement of local gas hold-up and interfacial area in gas–liquid contactors via light sheet and image analysis. Chem Eng Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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